CN118881993A - Optical components, lamps and lighting systems - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an optical assembly of a lamp, which comprises a light source, a collimation module, a light interception module and a convergence module which are sequentially arranged along an optical axis, wherein: the light source comprises an LED chip, the center of the LED chip is arranged on the optical axis, and the light emitting direction is opposite to the light incident surface of the collimation module; the collimation module comprises a single lens or a collimation lens group and is used for refracting and collimating and emitting the light beam emitted from the light source; the light interception module comprises a plurality of light interception pieces which are arranged in the light emergent direction of the collimating lens module around the optical axis, and the light interception pieces encircle a light interception port to cut light beams; the converging module is arranged on the other side of the light-intercepting sheet along the optical axis and comprises a converging lens with a convex light-entering surface, and the converging lens is used for collecting light beams passing through the light-intercepting opening, converging and then emitting the light beams to the irradiation surface. In the optical component, the uniformity of the irradiation light spots is improved through the lens of the convergence module, so that the focus illumination of a specific range is realized.

Description

Optical components, lamps and lighting systems

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of lamp lighting, and in particular to an optical component, and a lamp and a lighting system containing the optical component.

Background Art

At present, the key lighting of art paintings, ornaments, etc. on the market is achieved by spotlights or special projection lamps, but the above two types of lamps still have some shortcomings in use, resulting in unsatisfactory lighting effects. Generally, spotlights are installed on the top ceiling and shine downward diagonally. When the spotlight shines, the light spot will appear in the shape of a hill, with a small spot on the top and a large spot on the bottom. There is a problem of uneven brightness on the illuminated surface, and the brightness is poor at a distance from the spotlight, and the light overflows the illuminated area. For projection lamps, due to the large lamp body, high cost and low brightness, its application range is limited.

Therefore, those skilled in the art are committed to developing an optical component and a lamp and a lighting system containing the same to improve the lighting effect.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problem of uneven brightness on the irradiation surface and light overflowing the irradiation area of the above-mentioned existing lamps.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an optical component of a lamp, comprising a light source, a collimating module, a light-cutting module, and a converging module, which are sequentially arranged along an optical axis, wherein: the light source comprises an LED chip, the center of which is arranged on the optical axis, and the light-emitting direction is directly toward the light-entering surface of the collimating module; the collimating module comprises a single lens or a collimating lens group, which refracts the light beam emitted from the light source and then collimates it for emission; the light-cutting module comprises a plurality of light-cutting plates, which are arranged around the optical axis in the light-emitting direction of the collimating module, and the plurality of light-cutting plates form a light-cutting port to cut the light beam; the converging module is arranged on the other side of the light-cutting plate along the optical axis, and comprises a converging lens with a light-entering surface as a convex surface, which is used to refract the light beam passing through the light-cutting port. The light beams are collected, converged and then emitted to the irradiation surface; the first plane is defined as a plane containing the optical axis, the light incident surface of the converging lens includes a first facet and a second facet, which are cut by the first plane to form a first contour line and a second contour line that are smoothly connected at the middle connection, respectively, wherein the first contour line has a first end away from the optical axis, the first contour line intersects with the optical axis and the radius of curvature gradually increases from the first end to the middle connection, the second contour line has a second end away from the optical axis, the radius of curvature of the second contour line gradually increases from the middle connection to the second end, and the radius of curvature of the second contour line close to the middle connection is smaller than the radius of curvature of the first contour line close to the middle connection.

Furthermore, the second contour line is located on one side of the optical axis, and the outgoing beam of the light beam incident from the second contour line intersects with the optical axis after being refracted by the converging lens, so that the outgoing beam reaches the irradiation surface on the other side of the optical axis.

Furthermore, a second plane is defined, which intersects the first plane perpendicularly at the optical axis, and a cross-sectional profile of the converging lens in the second plane is axisymmetric along the optical axis.

Preferably, the light-emitting surface of the converging lens is a flat transparent surface.

Preferably, the single lens is one of a plano-convex lens, a bi-convex lens or a TIR lens.

Preferably, each lens in the collimating lens group is a positive lens and is axisymmetric in each cross section including the optical axis.

Further, each lens in the collimating lens group is a plano-convex lens, and the light incident surface of each plano-convex lens is a plano-transparent surface perpendicular to the optical axis. The lenses closest to the cut-off port in the collimating lens group are the second lens and the first lens, respectively. In any cross section passing through the optical axis, for any light emitted from the light source, the light forms an angle α with the direction of the optical axis after being refracted by the first lens. The light forms an angle β with the direction of the optical axis in the normal direction of the exit point of the light exit surface of the second lens after being refracted. The magnitudes of the angle β and the angle α satisfy the following correlation formula:

Where n is the refractive index of the second lens.

Furthermore, the plurality of light cutters are configured to be operably movable and coplanar along a same plane perpendicular to the optical axis.

Furthermore, the irradiated surface is a vertical plane, and the first plane is a vertical plane perpendicular to the irradiated surface.

The present invention also provides a lamp, which comprises the optical component as described above.

The present invention also provides a lighting system, which includes the lamp as described above, the lamp is installed on the top, the optical axis is tilted downward to illuminate the irradiation object placed along the irradiation surface, the first contour line of the converging lens is closer to the irradiation surface than the second contour line, when in use, the direction of the lamp is adjusted so that the optical axis is toward the irradiation object, the light incident from the first facet of the converging lens is refracted and emitted to the middle and lower area of the irradiation object, the light incident from the second facet is refracted and emitted to the upper area of the irradiation object, and the light cutoff plate changes the shape of the light cutoff opening after being moved by operation, so that the irradiation area and the irradiation object are adapted.

The optical component, lamp and lighting system of the present invention first collimates the light emitted by the LED light source through a collimating module, forms a preliminary light spot after passing through a light-cutting port, and then improves the uniformity of the irradiated light spot through a lens of a converging module, thereby achieving focused illumination of an irradiated object with a specific range.

The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical component of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the collimating module in the optical assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical component of the present invention along a first plane.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical component of the present invention along the second plane

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a lighting system of the present invention.

Wherein: 100 light source, 200 collimation module, 300 light cutting module, 400 converging module, 500 optical axis, 600 irradiation surface, 1 LED chip, 2 first lens, 21 first light incident surface, 22 first light emitting surface, 3 second lens, 31 second light incident surface, 32 second light emitting surface, 4 light cutting piece, 41 light cutting port, 5 converging lens, 51 first facet, 52 second facet, 53 middle connection, 54 first contour line, 55 second contour line, P1 first plane, P2 second plane.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As shown in FIG1 , an optical component of a lamp of the present invention includes a light source 100, a collimating module 200, a light-cutting module 300, and a converging module 400, which are sequentially arranged along an optical axis 500. The light source 100 includes an LED chip 1, the center of which is arranged on the optical axis 500, and the light-emitting direction is directly toward the light-entering surface of the collimating module 200; the collimating module 200 includes a single lens or a collimating lens group, which refracts the light beam emitted from the light source 100 and then collimates it; the light-cutting module 300 includes a plurality of light-cutting plates 4, which are arranged around the optical axis 500 in the light-emitting direction of the collimating lens group 200, and the plurality of light-cutting plates 4 form a light-cutting port 41 to cut the light beam; the converging module 400 is arranged on the other side of the light-cutting plate 4 along the optical axis 500, and includes a converging lens 5 whose light-entering surface is a convex transparent surface, which is used to collect the light beam passing through the light-cutting port 41, and then converging and emitting it to the irradiation surface 600.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the collimation module 200 is composed of a single lens, and the single lens can be selected from a plano-convex lens, a biconvex lens or a TIR lens. Among them, the implementation method of using a TIR (Total Internal Reflection) lens can be to collimate small-angle light through a refractive surface and to collimate large-angle light through a reflective surface, thereby obtaining quasi-parallel light; a single lens using a plano-convex lens or a biconvex lens can be collimated by setting the light source 100 at its focus so that the outgoing light passes through the refractive surfaces on both sides of the single lens and is refracted.

As shown in FIG. 2 , another embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which a collimating module 200 is composed of a collimating lens group. Each lens in the collimating lens group is a positive lens, and optionally, each lens is axisymmetric in each cross section including the optical axis 500. Optionally, the size of each lens in the collimating lens group increases in sequence along the light emitting direction, and the latter lens receives as much light as possible emitted by the former lens.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each lens in the collimating lens group is a plano-convex lens, the light incident surface of each plano-convex lens is a plano-transparent surface perpendicular to the optical axis 500, and the light emitting surface is a convex-transparent surface. Take the collimating lens group consisting of two plano-convex lenses, the first lens 2 and the second lens 3, as an example, wherein the first lens 2 is close to the light source 100, the second lens 3 is close to the cut-off port 41, the first lens 2 includes a first light incident surface 21 and a first light emitting surface 22, the second lens 3 includes a second light incident surface 31 and a second light emitting surface 32, and the two lenses are rotationally symmetrical with the optical axis 500 as the center. In the optical path schematic diagram shown in FIG2, a light ray L1 emitted from the LED chip 1 at any angle θ is irradiated to point A on the first lens 2, and after being refracted at the first light incident surface 21, L2 is refracted and emitted from point B on the first light emitting surface 22, and L3 continues to irradiate to point C on the second light incident surface 31 of the second lens 3, and after being refracted, the light ray L4 is refracted from point D on the second light emitting surface 32 of the second lens 3 and then emitted in parallel as light ray L5.

Among them, the horizontal direction is the direction of the optical axis 500, _θ1 is the refraction angle of the light at the first light incident surface 21 of the first lens 2, that is, the angle between the light L2 refracted into the first light incident surface 21 along the light path of the light and the direction of the optical axis 500, _θ2 is the incident angle of the light L2 in the first lens 2 at the first light exit surface 22, _θ3 is the refraction angle at the first light exit surface 22, and _θ4 is the angle between the output light L3 after the light passes through the first lens 2 and the direction of the optical axis 500.

According to the principle of light refraction and geometric relationship, there is the following angle relationship in the first lens 2:

sinθ＝n sinθ ₁ ，

n sinθ ₂ = sinθ ₃ ,

θ ₁ +θ ₂ =θ ₃ +θ ₄ ,

According to the above relationship, we can further deduce:

The refractive indexes of the first lens 2 and the second lens 3 may be the same or different. In the present embodiment, the refractive indexes of the first lens 2 and the second lens 3 are both set to n without distinction.

The angle between the normal direction of the light at point B on the first light emitting surface 22 and the direction of the optical axis 500 is equal to the angle θ ₅ between the tangent direction of the point and the vertical direction:

θ ₅ =θ ₃ +θ ₄ ,

According to the above relationship, the size of the angle is associated with θ and _θ4 . Therefore, the direction of the incident light and the direction of the outgoing light of the same light ray on the first lens 2 are in one-to-one correspondence with the tangent direction of the exit point on the light exit surface of the first lens 2. If θ and _θ4 are known, the slope angle of each point on the first lens 2 on the cross section can be calculated, and the profile curve of the first lens 2 can be obtained.

Similarly, for the second lens 3, since the outgoing light of the second lens 3 is parallel to the optical axis 500, according to the incident angle θ ₄ of the incident light L3 of the second lens 3, the refraction angle θ ₆ at the point C of the second light incident surface 31, the incident angle θ ₇ and the outgoing angle θ ₈ of the light L4 in the second lens 3 at the point D of the second light exit surface 32, the relationship between the various angles is as follows:

sinθ ₄ = n sinθ ₆ ,

θ ₆ +θ ₇ =θ ₈ ,

n sinθ ₇ = sinθ ₈ ,

According to the above relationship, we can get:

The angle θ ₈ between the normal direction of point D where the light is emitted on the second light emitting surface 32 and the direction of the optical axis 500 is equal to the angle θ ₉ between the tangent direction of the point and the vertical direction. Since the direction of the emitted light passing through the second lens 3 is parallel to the optical axis 500, the shape of the second light emitting surface 32 suitable for collimating the light rays can be designed according to the incident angle of the incident light on the second light incident surface 31 and the tangent direction corresponding to each point on the second light emitting surface 32.

In summary, for the collimating lens group, the closest lenses to the cut-off port 41 in the collimating lens group are set to be the second lens 3 and the first lens 2 in order. Regardless of whether the collimating lens group is composed of only the first lens 2 and the second lens 3, or the number of lenses in the collimating lens group is greater than two, in the cross section passing through the optical axis 500, for any light emitted from the light source 100, the light forms an angle α with the direction of the optical axis 500 when it is refracted by the first lens 2, and the light forms an angle β with the direction of the optical axis 500 in the normal direction of the exit point of the light exit surface of the second lens 3. The angle β corresponds to the angle α and satisfies the following formula:

Therefore, the shape profile of the exit surface of each lens of the collimating lens group can be designed according to the use requirements of the change of light before and after the incident light, so as to realize the collimated exit of the light source light.

The light-cutting piece 4 is arranged to be movable in an operative manner, and a plurality of light-cutting pieces 4 are arranged to form a light-cutting opening 41 of a specific shape according to the need. Since the light-cutting piece 4 often has a certain thickness, if each light-cutting piece 4 moves separately in a different motion plane, the thickness of the light-cutting opening 41 will inevitably increase. For use occasions where a light beam of a smaller size eventually forms a light spot that is magnified several times, problems such as out-of-focus and blurred edges are likely to occur. Therefore, preferably, the plurality of light-cutting pieces 4 are arranged coplanarly along the same plane perpendicular to the optical axis 500.

The converging module 400 receives the light beam passing through the cut-off port 41, and at least includes a converging lens 5, which is used to re-distribute the light beam and finally emit it onto the irradiation surface 600. As shown in FIG1 and FIG3, the converging module 400 is a converging lens 5, and the first plane P1 is defined as a plane containing the optical axis 500. In particular, for the vertical irradiation surface 600, the first plane P1 is a vertical plane, and the contour of the incident surface of the converging lens 5 cut by the first plane P1 is an arc, and includes a first facet 51 and a second facet 52 with different contour changes. The first facet 51 and the second facet 52 are respectively a first contour line 54 and a second contour line 55 in the cross section of the first plane P1, and the two are smoothly connected at the middle connection 53. The first contour line 54 has a first end away from the optical axis 500, the first contour line 54 and the optical axis 500 intersect, and the radius of curvature gradually increases from the first end to the middle connection 53; the second contour line 55 does not intersect with the optical axis 500, and has a second end away from the optical axis 500, the radius of curvature of the second contour line 55 gradually increases from the middle connection 53 to the second end, and the radius of curvature of the contour line of the second contour line 55 close to the middle connection 53 is smaller than the radius of curvature of the contour line of the first contour line 54 close to the middle connection 53.

FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path of each light beam in the cross section formed by the first plane P1 when the collimated light beam is incident on the light incident surface of the converging lens 5 from the light cut-off port 41. After the collimated light beam is refracted through the first contour line 54 and enters the converging lens 5, it basically presents the effect of converging the light beam toward the optical axis 500 and refracting downward; the radius of curvature of the first contour line 54 gradually increases, and the radius of curvature of a section of the arc near the first end is small, and the light beam is greatly deflected after refraction; the radius of curvature of a section of the arc near the middle connection 53 of the first contour line 54 is large, and the angle between the tangent of each point on the first contour line 54 and the optical axis 500 also gradually increases, and the light beam is less deflected after refraction, and most of it is emitted near the optical axis 500. For the second contour line 55, the position on its contour line closest to the light cut-off plate 4 is at the middle connection 53, and the second contour line 55 extends away from the optical axis 500 from the middle connection 53 and bends toward the irradiation surface 600. Since the radius of curvature of the contour line of the second contour line 55 close to the middle connection 53 is relatively small, when the light beam transitions from being incident on the first contour line 54 to being incident on the second contour line 55, the deflection angle of the refracted light beam has an obvious change, and the light beam incident from the second contour line 55 is refracted by the converging lens 5 and the outgoing light beam intersects with the optical axis 500 and reaches the irradiation surface 600 on the other side of the optical axis 500.

In an optional solution, the middle connection 53 is the position on the light incident surface of the converging lens 5 closest to the cut-off opening 41. Through the different curved surface profiles set by the first facet 51 and the second facet 52, the light beam refracted by the converging lens 5 is distributed on both sides of the optical axis 500.

A second plane P2 is defined, which intersects the first plane P1 perpendicularly at the optical axis 500. FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the optical component of the present invention at the second plane P2. In this cross section, the cross-sectional profiles of the collimating lens group and the converging lens 5 are axisymmetric along the optical axis 500, that is, the first plane P1 is the symmetry plane of the optical component, and the outgoing light rays refracted by the converging lens 5 converge at the focus on the optical axis 500 and then diverge outward.

Furthermore, the light emitting surface of the converging lens 5 is a flat transparent surface, and further can be perpendicular to the optical axis 500. Other optical elements can be arranged on the rear side of the converging lens 5 along the light emitting direction to adjust the light deflection direction according to actual needs.

Preferably, the illumination surface 600 is set as a vertical plane, and the first plane P1 is set perpendicular to the illumination surface 600, then the optical axis 500 is also perpendicular to the illumination surface 600, so that the second plane P2 is actually a horizontal plane. In the second plane P2, the outgoing light beam can be evenly distributed on the illumination surface 600, so that the illumination surface 600 has a uniform light intensity along the horizontal direction.

Accordingly, the present invention also provides a lamp, which includes a housing, a power supply, etc. The above-mentioned optical components are installed in the housing. The conventional structure of the lamp can be known to technical personnel in this field through existing technology, so it will not be described here.

The present invention also provides a lighting system, as shown in FIG5 , in which the lamp is installed on the top, and the optical axis 500 is tilted downward to illuminate an irradiation object placed along an irradiation surface 600, such as a painting. In the vertical first plane P1 section, the first contour line 54 of the converging lens 5 is closer to the irradiation surface 600 than the second contour line 55. When in use, the direction of the lamp is adjusted so that the optical axis 500 is toward the irradiation object. The collimating module 200 refracts the light beam emitted from the light source 100 and collimates it and emits it through the cutoff port 41. The light incident from the first contour line 54 of the converging lens 5 is refracted and emitted to the middle and lower area of the irradiation object, and the light incident from the second contour line 55 is refracted and emitted to the upper area of the irradiation object. The position of the cutoff plate 4 is adjusted to change the shape of the cutoff port 41 so that the irradiation area and the irradiation object are adapted.

As a preferred embodiment, in the lighting system, the first plane P1 where the optical axis 500 is located is perpendicular to the irradiation surface 600, and the lenses of the collimating module 200 and the converging lens 5 are symmetrically centered on the optical axis 500 in the second plane P2, so that the horizontal light is evenly distributed to the irradiated object, and the area of the second facet 52 is smaller than the first facet 51. The outgoing light refracted by the first facet 51 and the second facet 52 of the converging lens 5 forms a light spot. The light deflection angle is large, so that the light intensity at the edge of the light spot is weaker. The direction of the optical axis 500 of the lamp and the position of the light cutoff plate 4 can be adjusted so that the irradiated object is illuminated with emphasis, and its edge is gradually darkened to provide a better viewing experience.

The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims (11)

1. An optical component of a lamp, characterized in that: The invention comprises a light source (100), a collimation module (200), a light cutting module (300), and a converging module (400) which are sequentially arranged along an optical axis (500), wherein: The light source (100) comprises an LED chip (1), the center of which is arranged on the optical axis (500), and the light output direction is aligned with the light incident surface of the module (200); A collimating module (200) comprises a single lens or a collimating lens group, which refracts a light beam emitted from the light source (100) and then collimates the light beam for emission; The light-cutting module (300) comprises a plurality of light-cutting plates (4) which are arranged around the optical axis (500) in the light-emitting direction of the collimating module (200), and the plurality of light-cutting plates (4) form a light-cutting opening (41) to cut the light beam; A converging module (400) is arranged on the other side of the light-cutting plate (4) along the optical axis (500), and comprises a converging lens (5) whose light-entering surface is a convex surface, and is used to collect the light beam passing through the light-cutting port (41), and then converge the light beam and emit it to the irradiation surface (600); The first plane is defined as a plane including the optical axis (500), and the light incident surface of the converging lens (5) includes a first facet (51) and a second facet (52), which are cut by the first plane to form a first contour line (54) and a second contour line (55) which are smoothly connected to the middle connection (53), respectively, wherein the first contour line (54) has a first end away from the optical axis (500), the first contour line (54) and the optical axis (500) intersect, and the radius of curvature gradually increases from the first end to the middle connection (53), and the second contour line (55) has a second end away from the optical axis (500), the radius of curvature of the second contour line (55) gradually increases from the middle connection (53) to the second end, and the radius of curvature of the second contour line (55) close to the middle connection (53) is smaller than the radius of curvature of the first contour line (54) close to the middle connection (53). 2. The optical component as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the second contour line (55) is located on one side of the optical axis (500), and the outgoing light beam incident from the second contour line (55) intersects with the optical axis (500) after being refracted by the converging lens (5), so that the outgoing light beam reaches the irradiation surface (600) on the other side of the optical axis (500). 3. The optical component as described in claim 1 is characterized in that a second plane is defined, which intersects the first plane perpendicularly at the optical axis (500), and the cross-sectional profile of the converging lens (5) in the second plane is axially symmetric along the optical axis (500). 4. The optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that the light-emitting surface of the converging lens (5) is a flat transparent surface. 5. The optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that the single lens of the collimating module (200) is one of a plano-convex lens, a bi-convex lens or a TIR lens. 6. The optical component as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that each lens in the collimating lens group is a positive lens and is axisymmetric in each cross section containing the optical axis (500). 7. The optical component according to claim 6, characterized in that each lens in the collimating lens group is a plano-convex lens, and the light incident surface of each plano-convex lens is a plano-transparent surface perpendicular to the optical axis (500). The lenses closest to the cut-off port (41) in the collimating lens group are the second lens (3) and the first lens (2) in sequence. In any cross section passing through the optical axis (500), for any light emitted from the light source (100), the light forms an angle α with the direction of the optical axis (500) after being refracted by the first lens (2). The light forms an angle β between the normal direction of the light exiting point on the light exiting surface of the second lens (3) and the direction of the optical axis (500) after being refracted by the second lens (3). The magnitudes of the angle β and the angle α satisfy the following correlation formula: Where n is the refractive index of the second lens (3). 8. The optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of light cutters (4) are configured to be operably movable and coplanar along a same plane perpendicular to the optical axis (500). 9. The optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that the illumination surface (600) is a vertical plane, and the first plane is a vertical plane perpendicular to the illumination surface (600). 10. A lamp, characterized by comprising the optical component according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 11. A lighting system, comprising a lamp as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the lamp is installed on the top, the optical axis (500) is tilted downward to illuminate the irradiation object placed along the irradiation surface (600), the first contour line (54) of the converging lens (5) is closer to the irradiation surface (600) than the second contour line (55), when in use, the direction of the lamp is adjusted so that the optical axis (500) is toward the irradiation object, the light incident from the first facet (51) of the converging lens (5) is refracted and emitted to the middle and lower area of the irradiation object, the light incident from the second facet (52) is refracted and emitted to the upper area of the irradiation object, and the light cutoff plate (4) changes the shape of the light cutoff opening (41) after being moved by operation, so that the irradiation area and the irradiation object are adapted to each other.