CN118668128A - High-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000565 Non-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate, which comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.003 percent, si:1.2 to 3.0 percent of Mn:0.1 to 0.6 percent, P:0.01 to 0.15 percent of Al:0.1 to 0.4 percent of Ni:0.05 to 1.0 percent; the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities; wherein the mass percentage of Si+Al is as follows: 1.3 to 3.2 percent. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the high-magnetic-induction low-iron-loss non-oriented electrical steel plate, which comprises the following steps: smelting and casting; heating; rough rolling, finish rolling and coiling; aging treatment: aging for 1-4h at 500-650 ℃ in the temperature drop process after coiling, and naturally cooling to room temperature; directly pickling without normalizing annealing, and then carrying out primary cold rolling; continuous annealing and insulating coating.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the same.
Background
With the increasing demands of energy conservation, consumption reduction and environmental protection, the non-oriented electrical steel plate is expected to have higher magnetic induction and higher strength under the condition of relatively lower manufacturing cost as the electrical steel plate of raw and auxiliary materials such as various motors, compressors, EI iron cores, driving motors and the like.
In order to effectively improve the magnetic induction of the finished steel plate, the prior art generally adopts the steps of reducing the Si and Al contents in the steel and adopting a normalized intermediate annealing measure to improve the recrystallization microstructure of the hot rolled steel plate so as to obtain a more favorable crystal texture proportion. However, limiting the addition of Si and Al content in the steel may result in deterioration of mechanical properties of the finished steel sheet, which is disadvantageous in greatly increasing the frequency, rotation speed, etc. of the electric tool.
For example, chinese patent literature with publication No. CN104073715A, publication No. 2014, 10-1, entitled "a high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel and method for manufacturing same", discloses a method, which provides raw materials with excellent plate quality for the subsequent process by controlling the heating rate of the normalizing heating section and the speed of the normalizing cooling section and adopting a proper shot blasting pickling process system, and improves the magnetic induction B50 by 200-500 gauss and improves the iron loss physical quality level by 3-5% without adding additional alloy elements and changing the annealing process of the finished product. However, the patent document does not improve the mechanical properties of the product.
For another example, chinese patent document with publication number CN105239005A, publication date 2016, 1 month, 13, entitled "high permeability non-oriented silicon steel and production method" discloses a steel material comprising the following components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.003%, si:0.1-1.8%, al less than or equal to 0.99%, mn:0.1-0.5%, sn:0.005-0.08%, cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, and S is less than or equal to 0.005%; the production steps are as follows: vacuum treatment is carried out after steelmaking; heating the casting blank after casting blank; normalizing after hot rolling; cold rolling after pickling; annealing a finished product; and (3) coating. On the premise of meeting the magnetic performance, the invention controls S and Cu by vacuum treatment so as to meet Cu+S less than or equal to 0.006 percent and Cu/S=0.5-1.7; and then, through hot rolling, normalizing and specific finished product annealing processes, coarser spherical MnS-Cu 2 S composite inclusions are obtained, so that sulfides such as MnS, cu 2 S and the like are reduced, meanwhile, the influence of cooling stress on magnetic domains is reduced, more 180 ℃ magnetic domains or similar magnetic domains are obtained, the volume ratio can reach more than 60%, and the magnetic conductivity is improved. However, the patent document does not improve the mechanical properties of the product.
Based on this, it is desired to obtain a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having high magnetic induction while also having excellent mechanical properties.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel plate, which reduces the cost and simultaneously ensures that the steel plate has higher magnetic induction and higher yield ratio by optimizing the chemical composition design and the process design of the steel.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet, which contains Fe and unavoidable impurities, and further contains the following chemical elements in percentage by mass:
0＜C≤0.003％、Si：1.2～3.0％、Mn：0.1～0.6％、P：0.01～0.15％、Al：0.1～0.4％、Ni：0.05～1.0％；
wherein the mass percentage of Si+Al is as follows: 1.3 to 3.2 percent;
It does not contain Sn and Sb elements.
Further, the invention also provides a high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate, which comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass:
c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.003 percent, si:1.2 to 3.0 percent of Mn:0.1 to 0.6 percent, P:0.01 to 0.15 percent of Al:0.1 to 0.4 percent of Ni:0.05 to 1.0 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Further, in the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention, among the unavoidable impurities, each impurity element content satisfies at least one of the following: s is less than or equal to 0.004 percent, N is less than or equal to 0.0025 percent O is less than or equal to 0.0025 percent.
Further, in the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention, the mass percentage of each chemical element satisfies at least one of the following:
Ni：0.1～0.5％；
P：0.01～0.08％。
in the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet, the design principle of each chemical element is as follows:
C: when the C content is higher than 0.0030%, the steel is easy to combine with harmful elements in the steel, a large amount of generated harmful impurities are contained, and grains grow up in the processes of pinning continuous annealing and stress relief annealing, so that the iron loss of the finished steel plate is abnormally increased. Based on the above, the content of C in the high-strength low-iron-loss non-oriented electrical steel plate is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.0030 percent by mass.
Si: si can affect both the electromagnetic and mechanical properties of the finished steel sheet. In the invention, when the Si content is higher than 3.0%, the magnetic induction of the finished steel plate is obviously deteriorated, and the cold rolling property is reduced; when the Si content is less than 1.2%, the effect of reducing the iron loss and improving the mechanical strength is not good. Based on the above, the Si mass percentage content of the element in the high-strength low-iron-loss non-oriented electrical steel plate is between 1.2% and 3.0%.
Mn: mn and the impurity element S are combined to generate MnS, which is beneficial to controlling the form and the quantity of the inclusions, and further can effectively reduce the harm to the magnetic performance. Therefore, in the present invention, it is necessary to add Mn of 0.1% or more and Mn content of more than 0.6% or more, which is liable to destroy the recrystallization favorable texture of the finished steel sheet and greatly increase the manufacturing cost of the steel. Based on the above, the Mn content of the elements in the high-strength low-iron-loss non-oriented electrical steel sheet is between 0.1% and 0.6% by mass.
P: in the present invention, the addition of P to steel can be significant to the strength of the steel. When the P content is higher than 0.01%, the strength of the steel starts to rise rapidly, but after the P content is higher than 0.15%, the cold rolling property is obviously reduced, and abnormal conditions such as edge cracking, belt breakage and the like of the steel plate can be caused. Therefore, the P content is controlled to be 0.01-0.15%. Further, in order to further improve the beneficial effects of the scheme, the preferable range of the P element can be controlled to be 0.01-0.08%.
Al: al can obviously improve the resistivity of the material and improve the iron loss performance of the finished steel plate. In the invention, when the Al content is lower than 0.1%, the iron loss is not well reduced; when the Al content is more than 0.4%, the castable properties of the continuous casting molten steel are significantly deteriorated. Based on the above, the Al content of the element in the high-strength low-iron-loss non-oriented electrical steel sheet is between 0.1% and 0.4% by mass.
Ni: ni is a ferromagnetic element, and has similar properties to Fe, and in the invention, the magnetic induction intensity of the material can be obviously improved by adding 0.05% or more of Ni. However, ni has a high market price, and is preferably limited to 1.0% or less from the viewpoint of economy. Further, in order to further improve the beneficial effects of the present invention, the preferable range of the Ni element may be controlled to be 0.1 to 0.5%.
In the invention, the contents of Si and Al in the steel are respectively limited to 1.2-3.0% and 0.1-0.4%, and the sum of the Si and Al is limited to 1.3-3.2%. This is because, when the sum of the Si and Al contents is less than 1.3%, the strength of the steel cannot be effectively improved, and the iron loss of the steel is reduced; on the other hand, if the sum of Si and Al contents is higher than 3.2%, the magnetic induction of the steel cannot be effectively improved, and it is necessary to additionally increase the normalized intermediate annealing to improve the recrystallized microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet.
Further, in the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet, the ratio of the long axis to the short axis in the microstructure of the hot rolled sheet is more than or equal to 75 percent by the equiaxial crystal product ratio between 1.0 and 4.0.
Further, the thickness of the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel plate is 0.2-0.5mm.
Further, the high-magnetic-induction low-iron-loss non-oriented electrical steel plate disclosed by the invention has the iron loss P 15/50 being less than or equal to 3.0W/kg, the magnetic induction B 50 being more than or equal to 1.7T and the yield ratio being more than or equal to 0.78.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet, which can obtain a high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent mechanical properties by controlling the thickness of a hot rolled intermediate slab and the thickness of a hot rolled sheet, and by assisting an aging treatment after coiling, without the need of a normalized intermediate annealing during the manufacturing process of the steel sheet.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet, comprising the steps of:
(1) Smelting and casting;
(2) Heating;
(3) Rough rolling, finish rolling and coiling: controlling the thickness of the intermediate billet after rough rolling to be 20-45 mm, and controlling the thickness of the hot rolled plate after finish rolling to be 1.2-2.0 mm;
(4) Aging treatment: aging for 1-4h at 550-650 ℃ in the temperature drop process after coiling, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
(5) The normalizing annealing is not carried out, and the primary cold rolling is carried out after the direct pickling;
(6) Continuous annealing and insulating coating.
The manufacturing method of the invention controls the hot-rolled thickness because the thinner the hot-rolled thickness is, the smaller the heat flow gradient of the hot-rolled surface layer and the core part is under the same temperature condition, the more sufficient the recrystallization of the hot-rolled microstructure is, and the more favorable the formation of equiaxed crystals which are more favorable for the magnetic induction of the finished steel plate is. In view of this, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, the thickness of the intermediate slab after rough rolling is controlled to 20 to 45mm, and the thickness of the hot rolled sheet after finish rolling is controlled to 1.2 to 2.0mm by a high finish rolling reduction, but under the high hot rolling finish rolling reduction, the equiaxed crystals in the hot rolled microstructure are elongated continuously in the rolling direction, and the ratio of the long and short axes is larger and larger, generally exceeding 4.0. In this case, the magnetic anisotropy of the hot-rolled steel sheet increases, and the yield ratio of the hot-rolled steel sheet decreases. Therefore, after hot rolling and coiling, aging treatment is carried out for 1-4 hours at the temperature ranging from 550-650 ℃ in the cooling process, and under the action of Ni element, the growth speed of the equiaxed crystal along the vertical rolling direction is increased, so that the ratio of the equiaxed crystal length to the minor axis along the rolling direction is reduced, and the equiaxed crystal volume ratio between 1.0-4.0 is more than or equal to 75 percent. The higher the ratio, the better the technology allows.
Further, in the step (2) of the production method of the present invention, the heating furnace-in temperature is 20 to 800 ℃, and the heating furnace-out temperature is 1050 to 1200 ℃.
Further, in the step (3) of the production method of the present invention, the finish rolling temperature is controlled to 750 to 950 ℃.
Further, in the step (3) of the production method of the present invention, the winding temperature is controlled to 550 to 750 ℃.
The high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate and the manufacturing method thereof have the following advantages:
the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate adopts a brand-new chemical composition design, does not need to add Sn and Sb trace elements, but adds Ni element, and controls the total amount of Al and Si elements.
According to the manufacturing method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate, the thickness of the hot-rolled rough rolling intermediate blank and the thickness of the hot-rolled finish rolling plate are optimized, and the aging treatment is carried out on the hot-rolled steel coil after finish rolling and coiling.
In addition, the manufacturing method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate can obviously reduce the control difficulty of steelmaking impurity elements and harmful inclusions, and does not adopt a normalized intermediate annealing process. Therefore, the energy medium consumption is less, and the production operation process is simple and convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the relationship between the mass percentage of Ni element contained in the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the magnetic induction intensity.
FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the equiaxed grain ratio of the long and short axes ratio between 1.0-4.0 and the yield ratio of the final product of the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention in the hot rolled sheet state.
Detailed Description
The high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to specific examples and drawings, but the explanation and illustration should not be construed as unduly limiting the technical scheme of the present invention.
The inventor finds that under the component system of the invention, the Ni content has an important influence on the magnetic induction intensity of the finished product. Fig. 1 shows the relationship between the mass percentage of Ni element contained in the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the magnetic induction intensity.
As shown in fig. 1, when the Ni element content is between 0% and 0.05%, the magnetic induction B 50 of the steel sheet is significantly improved as the Ni element content increases, and the magnetic induction B 50 is made to be 1.7T or more when the Ni content is 0.05%, so that the lower limit of the addition of the Ni element is defined to be 0.05%. And when the Ni element content is higher than 0.05%, as the Ni element content is increased, it can be seen that the magnetic induction B 50 of the steel plate is not significantly improved any more, so that the upper limit of the Ni content is controlled to be 1.0% based on the economic consideration.
Examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2
Table 1 shows the mass percentages of the chemical elements in the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheets of examples 1 to 6 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 2.
Table 1 (wt.%), the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities other than S, N, O
The high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel plates of the embodiments 1 to 6 are prepared by the following steps:
(1) After molten iron in a blast furnace is subjected to molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, RH refining and continuous casting in sequence, a continuous casting blank with the target nominal thickness of 230mm is obtained, and the chemical element proportion of the continuous casting blank in each embodiment is shown in a table 1 and is consistent with the chemical element proportion of a finished product in each embodiment.
(2) Heating: the heating furnace-in temperature is 20-800 ℃, and the heating furnace-out temperature is 1050-1200 ℃;
(3) Rough rolling, finish rolling and coiling: controlling the thickness of the intermediate billet after rough rolling to be 20-45 mm, and controlling the reduction rate of the finish rolling pass and the cooling water distribution to enable the thickness of the hot rolled plate after finish rolling to be 1.2-2.0 mm; controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 750-950 ℃ and the coiling temperature to be 550-750 ℃;
(4) Aging treatment is carried out for 1-4 hours at the temperature of 550-650 ℃ in the cooling process, and then natural cooling is carried out to room temperature;
(5) Directly pickling without normalizing annealing, and then cold-rolling to obtain a cold-rolled sheet with the target thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm;
(6) And (3) carrying out continuous annealing under the condition of a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed atmosphere, wherein the continuous annealing temperature is 850-1000 ℃, and then insulating the coating.
The manufacturing process of comparative example 1 was substantially the same as that of each example of the present invention, but the hot rolling process parameters did not meet the requirements of the present invention, and the hot rolling process parameters were directly cooled naturally without aging treatment after coiling.
The manufacturing procedure of comparative example 2 was substantially the same as that of each example of the present invention, but the intermediate hot rolled rough rolled product was directly cooled naturally without aging treatment after coiling, and the hot rolled finish rolled product had a thickness of 35mm and a thickness of 2.6mm, and the hot rolling process parameters did not satisfy the requirements of the present invention.
Table 2 shows specific process parameters of the manufacturing methods of the high magnetic induction low core loss non-oriented electrical steel sheets of examples 1 to 6 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 2.
Table 2.
As shown in table 2, the equiaxed grain ratios of the hot rolled sheets of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2 of the present invention, in which the ratio of the long and short axes was between 1.0 and 4.0, were shown based on sampling the high magnetic induction low iron loss non-oriented electrical steel sheets of examples 1 to 6 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 2, and were measured according to the GB T24178-2009 billet solidification structure low-power evaluation method.
The inventors have also found through studies that the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis in the hot rolled sheet is between 1.0 and 4.0, and that the equiaxed crystal ratio is closely related to the yield ratio of the finished product.
FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the equiaxed grain ratio of the long and short axes ratio between 1.0-4.0 and the yield ratio of the final product of the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention in the hot rolled sheet state. Wherein the "equiaxed crystal size qualification ratio" in fig. 2 refers to an equiaxed crystal ratio in which the ratio of the long and short axes is between 1.0 and 4.0.
As shown in FIG. 2, when the equiaxial crystal ratio of the long axis to the short axis is between 1.0 and 4.0 and reaches 75%, the yield ratio of the finished steel plate can reach more than 0.78.
In addition, the high magnetic induction low iron loss non-oriented electrical steel sheets of examples 1 to 6 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 2 were sampled and tested for various properties, and the results obtained from the observation and the test of the properties are shown in table 3, and the specific test means of the properties are as follows:
Iron loss performance test: based on the national standard GB/T3658-1990, the iron loss performance test is carried out by adopting an Aibostan method, the test temperature is 20 ℃ constant temperature test, the sample size is 30mm multiplied by 300mm, the target mass is 0.5kg, and the test parameter is P 15/50.
Magnetic induction performance test: based on the national standard GB/T3658-1990, the iron loss performance test is carried out by adopting an Aibostan method, the test temperature is 20 ℃ constant temperature test, the sample size is 30mm multiplied by 300mm, the target mass is 0.5kg, and the test parameter is B 50.
The mechanical property testing method comprises the following steps: part 1 of the tensile test of metallic materials based on national standard GB T228.1-2010: room temperature testing methods tensile testing was performed using standard samples after machining. The test temperature was room temperature and the gauge length of the test specimen was 50mm.
Table 3 shows the results of the observations and the related performance tests of the high magnetic induction low core loss non-oriented electrical steel sheets of examples 1-6 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1-2.
Table 3.
As can be seen from the combination of tables 1,2 and 3, in examples 1 to 6 meeting the design requirements of the present invention, due to the adoption of the unique hot rolling process and the aging treatment after coiling, the final product has a high yield ratio and good electromagnetic performance on the premise of not adopting conventional normalizing annealing, the iron loss P 15/50 of the finished steel plate is less than or equal to 3.0W/kg, the magnetic induction B 50 is more than or equal to 1.7T, and the yield ratio is more than or equal to 0.78.
It should be noted that the combination of the features in this application is not limited to the combination described in the claims or the combination described in the specific embodiments, and all the features described in this application may be freely combined or combined in any manner unless contradiction occurs between them.
It should also be noted that the above-recited embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention. It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and similar changes or modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure, and it is intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate contains Fe and unavoidable impurities, and is characterized by also containing the following chemical elements in percentage by mass:
0＜C≤0.003％、Si：1.2～3.0％、Mn：0.1～0.6％、P：0.01～0.15％、Al：0.1～0.4％、Ni：0.05～1.0％；
wherein the mass percentage of Si+Al is as follows: 1.3 to 3.2 percent;
It does not contain Sn and Sb elements.
2. The high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentages of the chemical elements are:
c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.003 percent, si:1.2 to 3.0 percent of Mn:0.1 to 0.6 percent, P:0.01 to 0.15 percent of Al:0.1 to 0.4 percent of Ni:0.05 to 1.0 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
3. The high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein, among the unavoidable impurities, each impurity element content satisfies at least one of: s is less than or equal to 0.004 percent, N is less than or equal to 0.0025 percent O is less than or equal to 0.0025 percent.
4. The high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of each chemical element satisfies at least one of the following:
Ni：0.1～0.5％；
P：0.01～0.08％。
5. the high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis in the microstructure of the hot rolled sheet is not less than 75% by volume of equiaxed crystals having a ratio of 1.0 to 4.0.
6. The high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the thickness thereof is 0.2 to 0.5mm.
7. The high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the iron loss P 15/50 is not more than 3.0W/kg, the magnetic induction B 50 is not less than 1.7T, and the yield ratio is not less than 0.78.
8. A method for manufacturing a high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) Smelting and casting;
(2) Heating;
(3) Rough rolling, finish rolling and coiling: controlling the thickness of the intermediate billet after rough rolling to be 20-45 mm, and controlling the thickness of the hot rolled plate after finish rolling to be 1.2-2.0 mm;
(4) Aging treatment: aging for 1-4 h at 550-650 ℃ in the temperature drop process after coiling, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
(5) Directly pickling without normalizing annealing, and then carrying out primary cold rolling;
(6) Continuous annealing and insulating coating.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the heating temperature is 20 to 800℃and the heating temperature is 1050 to 1200 ℃.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 750 to 950 ℃.
11. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the winding temperature is controlled to 550 to 750 ℃.
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| CN202310257729.6A CN118668128A (en) | 2023-03-16 | 2023-03-16 | High-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN202310257729.6A CN118668128A (en) | 2023-03-16 | 2023-03-16 | High-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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