CN118612927A - X-ray source high-voltage insulation structure - Google Patents
X-ray source high-voltage insulation structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN118612927A CN118612927A CN202411085077.3A CN202411085077A CN118612927A CN 118612927 A CN118612927 A CN 118612927A CN 202411085077 A CN202411085077 A CN 202411085077A CN 118612927 A CN118612927 A CN 118612927A
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source, which belongs to the technical field of X-rays, and particularly relates to an internal sealing structure, comprising a high-voltage insulation cylinder, a metal heat dissipation cylinder, a sealing bottom plate and an expansion deformation device; the high-voltage insulating cylinder adopts insulating engineering plastic, and an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are communicated are formed in the high-voltage insulating cylinder; an X-ray tube and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit are respectively arranged in the upper cavity and the lower cavity; the input electrode and the expansion deformation device of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit are positioned on the side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder, and the voltage output end is connected with the anode of the X-ray tube; and filling insulating medium in other areas inside the high-voltage insulating cylinder. Preferably, the metal foil is also wrapped around the outside of the high-voltage insulating cylinder. The invention uses insulating engineering plastic as a high-voltage insulating cylinder, has high insulation pressure resistance, does not generate micro-tip discharge to degrade insulating medium, is beneficial to improving the overall insulating performance and stability of a high-voltage power supply, and solves the problems of undetachable X-ray source encapsulation structure, difficult heat dissipation and poor stability of a metal shell structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of X rays, and particularly relates to a high-voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source.
Background
The X-ray source is a device for generating X-rays and consists of an X-ray tube, a high-voltage power supply and a control circuit. In an X-ray tube, electrons emitted from an electron gun are accelerated by a high-voltage electric field and bombard an anode target to generate X-rays. The high-voltage power supply converts the low-voltage direct current into high-voltage direct current after a series of operations such as filtering, inversion, preliminary boosting, voltage doubling rectification and the like, and provides the high-voltage direct current for the X-ray tube. The control circuit indirectly controls the working process of the high-voltage power supply by controlling the input low-voltage direct current and simultaneously controls the working process of the X-ray source. The circuit structure of the high-voltage power supply comprises a filter circuit, an inverter circuit, a transformer boosting circuit and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit; the filter circuit, the inverter circuit and the transformer booster circuit are commonly designed on a circuit board together with the control circuit and are independently arranged outside the X-ray tube; when the voltage doubling rectifying circuit works, the input alternating current is required to be gradually increased to high-voltage direct current, and the alternating current is usually required to be independently placed in an insulating structure, so that the high-voltage is prevented from arcing and discharging to a low-voltage end, and the high-voltage circuit is prevented from being damaged. The alternating current output by the transformer booster circuit is connected with the voltage doubling rectifying circuit in the insulating structure through a high-voltage input electrode arranged on the outer side of the insulating structure. The high voltage DC generated during the operation of the high voltage power supply is loaded on the anode target of the X-ray tube, thereby generating a high voltage electric field in the X-ray tube.
The high-voltage power supply is used as a core component of the X-ray source, and whether the performance of the high-voltage power supply is stable or not directly determines the performance of the X-ray source. On the one hand, the high-voltage direct current output by the high-voltage power supply ranges from a few kilovolts to hundreds of kilovolts, and can stably work for a long time, so that the high-voltage power supply is required to have enough withstand voltage to avoid arc discharge damage. On the other hand, the volume of the high voltage power supply directly affects the volume of the X-ray source, which is more advantageous when transported, installed and used. Therefore, providing a sufficiently high stable high voltage for an X-ray tube within a sufficiently small volume is a technical problem that high voltage power supplies have been sought to break through. The insulation structure performance of the high-voltage power supply directly determines the stability of the high-voltage power supply.
The volume of the X-ray source is also limited by its power. The larger the power of the X-ray source, the larger the volume of the high voltage power supply and the X-ray tube, and the more heat is generated. By improving the heat dissipation capacity of the X-ray source, the X-ray source can stably work. Therefore, for integrated X-ray sources, a high voltage power supply with small volume, light weight, good dielectric breakdown voltage and fast heat dissipation is a goal that is commonly pursued in the X-ray source industry.
In the existing X-ray emitting device, the high-voltage insulation structure generally adopts an insulation encapsulation mode to encapsulate the voltage doubling rectifying circuit into a whole. For example, chinese patent CN111937498A, CN111955056a and CN110574137B refer to a high-voltage insulation structure, in which an epoxy resin encapsulation is used to encapsulate a voltage doubler rectifier circuit in a solid insulation block, then a metal housing is mounted on the upper portion of the solid insulation block, an X-ray tube is mounted in the metal housing, and a liquid insulation medium is filled between the X-ray tube and the housing. The structure for encapsulating the voltage doubling rectifying circuit into a whole can reduce the whole volume and improve the integration level, but has the following problems: firstly, once the voltage doubling rectifying circuit fails, the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is undetachable and cannot be overhauled, so that the maintenance cost of the X-ray source is increased; secondly, the filling and sealing mode is extremely easy to form low vacuum bubbles in the filling and sealing body, so that Pa type discharge is caused, and the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is damaged; third, the thermal conductivity of the solid insulating material is poor, heat is difficult to be conducted out of the solid insulating block rapidly, heat is accumulated, and the risk of damaging the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is increased.
Besides epoxy resin, the potting material can also be silicon rubber with certain elasticity. For example, chinese patent CN206259315U discloses an X-ray tube and a high-voltage insulation structure, in which a silicon rubber with a certain elasticity is used as a potting material, the X-ray tube and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit are potted together in a metal housing, and only an X-ray outlet is left on the side wall of the metal housing. Although this structure effectively improves the integration level and reduces the volume, the following problems are caused as well: firstly, low-straight air bubbles are easy to occur in a potting structure, so that Pa type discharge is caused, and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit is easy to damage; secondly, the silicon rubber has elasticity, and is heated to expand and deform, so that a tiny cavity is formed at the contact part of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the X-ray tube with the silicon rubber, thereby causing Pa-type discharge and reducing the stability of the X-ray source; thirdly, the silicon rubber has poor heat dissipation capability, and heat accumulation causes high local temperature near the anode end of the X-ray tube, so that the stability of the X-ray source is reduced.
In order to avoid the Pay discharge problem caused by the solid encapsulating material, a liquid insulating medium can be used for filling gaps around the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the X-ray tube. For another example, chinese patent CN210668257U and CN210668263U disclose a high voltage insulation structure of a high voltage X-ray source, and compared with patent CN206259315U, only the silicone rubber potting material is replaced by liquid insulating oil, but the outer shell is a metal shell such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. This construction requires a relatively large interior cavity of the metal shell and requires a flat and smooth interior cavity side wall of the metal shell. On the one hand, the liquid insulating oil can be degraded along with long-time working of the X-ray source, so that the insulation voltage is reduced, and if the insulation distance between the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the side wall of the inner cavity of the metal is insufficient, the insulation voltage is insufficient, so that the stability of the X-ray source is reduced; on the other hand, if the surface of the inner cavity of the metal shell is not smooth enough, under the action of a high-voltage power supply electric field, metal tip micro-discharge can occur, arc discharge is caused, and insulation oil degradation is accelerated; the micro discharge seriously and even directly causes high voltage breakdown to damage a high voltage power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the volume of a metal shell is larger and micro-discharge degradation insulating medium of a metal tip is easy to occur in the existing X-ray source high-voltage insulating structure, the invention provides the X-ray source high-voltage insulating structure, compared with the metal shell, the high-voltage insulating cylinder made of insulating engineering plastic is adopted, the volume of the insulating cylinder can be reduced, the micro-tip discharge degradation insulating medium is not generated while the high-voltage insulating structure is subjected to high insulation withstand voltage, and the heat dissipation efficiency and the stability of the X-ray source are improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source comprises a high-voltage insulation cylinder 1, a metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 sleeved at the upper end of the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1, a sealing bottom plate 3 positioned at the bottom of the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1, and an expansion deformation device 5 arranged on the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1;
The side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is provided with a first through hole 11 and a second through hole 12, and the first through hole 11 is connected with the expansion deformation device 5; the inside of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is a cylindrical cavity and is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are communicated with each other; a voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6 is arranged in the lower cavity; the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 is coaxial with the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, a cylindrical cavity is formed in the metal heat dissipation cylinder, and an X-ray tube 7 is placed in a space formed by the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 and the upper cavity; the input electrode of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6 is embedded in the second through hole 12, and the voltage output end 62 is electrically connected with the anode 72 of the X-ray tube 7; the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 and the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 and the sealing bottom plate 3, and the shell 71 of the X-ray tube 7 and the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 are sealed by corresponding matched sealing grooves and sealing rings; the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is filled with insulating medium after the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6 and the X-ray tube 7 are placed; the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is made of insulating engineering plastic.
Further, the material of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is specifically Polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyester (PBT), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), or the like.
Further, the high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source further comprises a metal foil 9 coated on the outer wall of the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1.
Further, the upper end of the metal foil 9 is electrically connected to the outside of the lower end of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2, and the lower end of the metal foil 9 is electrically connected to the sealing bottom plate 3.
Further, the metal foil 9 is a conductive metal film, and is specifically made of copper or aluminum.
Further, the insulating medium is a liquid insulating medium.
Further, the liquid insulating medium is transformer oil, in particular No. 45 transformer oil, no. 10 transformer oil or No. 25 transformer oil and the like.
Further, the high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source further comprises a plurality of metal pull rods 4 arranged around the metal foil 9, the upper ends of the metal pull rods 4 are connected with the metal radiating cylinder 2 through fasteners, and the lower ends of the metal pull rods are connected with the sealing bottom plate 3 through fasteners.
Further, the distance between the upper top surface 18 of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 and the upper top surface 22 of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 is 20-50 mm.
Further, the expansion deformation device 5 comprises a bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 and a fixing ring 52; wherein the bowl-shaped expansion-deformation structure 51 includes a middle concave portion 53 embedded in the first through hole 11, and a turn-over 54 provided around the middle concave portion 53; a plurality of groups of combination holes 55 are arranged on the turning edge 54, the fixed ring 52 and the side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, and each group of combination holes 55 are coaxial; the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 is arranged between the fixed ring 52 and the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, and the overturning edge 54 is tightly attached to the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 through a fastener.
Further, the holes in the side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 in the combined hole 55 are screw holes.
Further, the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 is made of elastic material, specifically rubber.
Further, the expansion volume of the liquid insulating medium when it is warmed up from room temperature to the desired maximum temperature is smaller than the deformation volume of the bowl-shaped expansion-deformation structure 51.
Further, when the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is cylindrical, a circular sinking plane 17 is arranged on the outer side wall, the first through hole 11 is positioned at the center of the circular sinking plane 17, and screw holes 56 corresponding to the combined holes 55 are arranged around the first through hole 11; the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 is arranged between the fixed ring 52 and the circular sinking plane 17, and the overturning edge 54 is tightly attached to the circular sinking plane 17 through a fastener.
Further, the voltage output 62 is electrically connected to the anode 72 of the X-ray tube 7 by a connection line, in particular a metal spring 8.
Further, an inner step 15 is arranged at the bottom end of the inside of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, a first chuck 61 is arranged at the bottom surface of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6, a plurality of groups of combined counter bores 151 are arranged on the outer side edge of the first chuck 61 and the inner step 15, and the first chuck 61 and the inner step 15 are connected and fixed through fasteners.
Further, a partition plate 13 is provided inside the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1; wherein, the middle of the lower plane of the baffle 13 is an inward sinking plane 131 for assisting in fixing the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6; a third through hole 132 is formed in the center of the partition plate 13 and used for penetrating through the connecting wire; a plurality of fourth through holes 133 are formed around the third through holes 132 to circulate the liquid insulating medium in the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
Further, a second chuck 63 matching with the inner wall of the high voltage insulation tube 1 is disposed around the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6, for assisting in fixing the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6, and a plurality of fifth through holes 64 are formed in the second chuck 63 to circulate the liquid insulation medium in the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
Further, a plurality of fin heat dissipation grooves 21 are formed on the outer side wall of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2, so as to increase the heat dissipation area of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2.
Further, the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is rectangular with a square bottom surface or cylindrical.
Further, when the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is rectangular, the total number of the metal pull rods 4 is 4, and the metal pull rods are respectively embedded into 4 edges of the outer side wall of the rectangular.
Further, when the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is cylindrical, the metal pull rod 4 is cylindrical in shape.
Further, the outer side wall of the upper end part of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 sleeved with the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 is smaller than that of the lower end part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a high-voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source, which is characterized in that a voltage doubling rectifying circuit and an X-ray tube are arranged in the high-voltage insulation structure with communicated space, and insulation mediums are filled in other areas in the high-voltage insulation structure; on one hand, as the high-voltage insulating cylinder is made of insulating engineering plastics, the high-voltage insulating cylinder has higher insulating pressure-resistant strength, and compared with a metal shell, the volume can be smaller when bearing the same insulating pressure-resistant; on the other hand, the high-voltage insulating cylinder made of engineering plastic materials can not generate micro-tip discharge and degrade liquid insulating medium, so that the problems of arc discharge, high-voltage breakdown and the like are avoided, and the stability of the X-ray source is further improved;
2. Because the heat dissipation capacity of the insulating engineering plastic is slightly insufficient compared with that of metal, the metal heat dissipation cylinder and the metal sealing bottom plate are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the high-voltage insulating cylinder, so that the overall heat dissipation efficiency is improved; in order to further adapt to the heat radiation requirement of the high-power X-ray source, a series of fin grooves are formed in the outer side face of the metal heat radiation barrel, so that the heat radiation area is increased, and the heat radiation efficiency is further improved;
3. Because the insulating engineering plastic has good insulativity and poor electric conductivity, under the action of a high-voltage electric field, static charges can be accumulated on the outer surface of the high-voltage insulating cylinder, when the charges are accumulated to a certain degree, the discharge arc of the air or the outer metal low-voltage end can be carried out, so that the high-voltage power supply is unstable, and the static charges accumulated on the outer surface of the high-voltage insulating cylinder can be effectively conducted by attaching and coating a layer of metal foil on the outer wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder, so that the discharge arc discharge is avoided; in addition, the metal foil can also be used as an electric field shielding structure, so that the interference of a high-voltage electric field of a high-voltage power supply to an outer control circuit is avoided, the influence of an electromagnetic field in an outer environment on the high-voltage power supply is avoided, and the stability of the X-ray source is further improved;
4. Preferably, the liquid insulating medium is filled in other areas inside the high-voltage insulating cylinder, so that on one hand, the liquid insulating medium is helpful for further improving the overall insulating property of the high-voltage power supply, and preventing low-vacuum bubbles from occurring inside the high-voltage power supply, and avoiding the problem of Pay discharge; on the other hand, the liquid insulating medium can be rolled rapidly under the action of an internal electric field generated by the voltage doubling rectifying circuit, and the rolled liquid insulating medium can accelerate and conduct heat generated by the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the X-ray tube to the peripheral high-voltage insulating cylinder for heat dissipation; because the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the liquid insulating medium around the X-ray tube can circulate, the heat generated by the voltage doubling rectifying circuit can be conducted by the rolling liquid insulating medium to the upper metal radiating cylinder and the metal sealing bottom plate at the bottom for radiating; therefore, the high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source is suitable for a low-power X-ray source, so that the volume is smaller and the stability is higher; the heat dissipation device is also suitable for a high-power X-ray source, can realize the rapid heat dissipation of the high-power X-ray source, improves the pressure resistance and stability, and avoids the problem of damage of the X-ray source caused by long-time heat accumulation of the high-power X-ray source;
5. preferably, the invention adopts the metal pull rod and the sealing ring as the tensioning, fixing and sealing structure, can be rapidly disassembled and overhauled, has simple requirements on the packaging process of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the X-ray tube, has low cost, and has practicability compared with a potting structure;
6. Preferably, an expansion deformation device matched with the volume expansion of the liquid insulating medium is added on the outer side of the high-voltage insulating cylinder, and corresponding deformation occurs along with the expansion and contraction of the liquid insulating medium, so that leakage and damage caused by the expansion of the liquid insulating medium are avoided, and the working stability of the high-voltage power supply is improved;
7. Preferably, the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder is designed into a cylindrical shape, so that the whole high-voltage insulating cylinder is of a circular cylinder structure, the processing and the installation can be facilitated, the volume and the weight of the high-voltage insulating structure of the X-ray source are reduced, and the heat dissipation is facilitated; more importantly, the circular ring column structure is favorable for improving the consistency of the insulation and voltage resistance characteristics at the outer side of the high-voltage power supply and reducing the instability caused by high-voltage electric field distortion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the external overall structure of a high voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to embodiment 1 of the present invention after the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the X-ray tube are mounted;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the high voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the high-voltage insulating cylinder in embodiment 1 of the present invention projected in the direction of the metal heat-dissipating cylinder with the plane of the inner step as a split plane;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a bowl-shaped expansion and deformation structure in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a bowl-shaped expansion and deformation structure in example 1 of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a top view; (b) is a cross-sectional view;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view showing the overall structure of a high voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the high voltage insulating cylinder in embodiment 2 of the present invention projected in the direction of the metal heat dissipating cylinder with the plane of the inner step as the split plane;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the outside of the high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to embodiment 3 of the present invention after the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the X-ray tube are mounted;
FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the high voltage insulation cylinder of embodiment 3 of the present invention projected in the direction of the metal heat sink cylinder with the plane of the inner step as the split plane;
fig. 13 is a top view of a voltage doubler rectifying circuit in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
The description of the various references in the drawings is as follows:
The high-voltage insulating cylinder, the 2-metal radiating cylinder, the 3-sealing bottom plate, the 4-metal pull rod, the 5-expansion deformation device, the 6-voltage doubling rectifying circuit, the 7-X-ray tube, the 8-metal spring, the 9-metal foil, the 11-first through hole, the 12-second through hole, the 13-baffle plate, the 14-outer step, the 15-inner step, the lower bottom surface of the 16-high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, the 17-round sinking plane, the upper top surface of the 18-high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, the 131-sinking plane, the 132-third through hole, the 133-fourth through hole, the 151-combined counter bore, the 21-fin radiating groove, the upper top surface of the 22-metal radiating cylinder 2, the lower bottom surface of the 23-metal radiating cylinder 2, the 24-inclined plane, the 51-bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure, the 52-fixed ring, the 53-middle sinking part, the 54-turning edge, the 55-combined hole, the 56-screw hole, the 61-first chuck, the 62-voltage output end, the 63-second chuck, the 64-fifth through hole, the 71-casing and the 72-anode.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the following specific examples are intended only to provide a more complete understanding of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a high-voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source, the whole structure is shown in fig. 1-3, and the high-voltage insulation structure comprises a high-voltage insulation cylinder 1, a metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 sleeved at the upper end of the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1, a sealing bottom plate 3 positioned at the bottom of the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1, 4 metal pull rods 4 arranged around the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1, an expansion deformation device 5 arranged on the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1, and a metal foil 9 attached and coated around the outer wall of the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1.
The inside of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 is a cylindrical cavity with a small upper part and a large lower part, the top end of the outer side wall of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 is a small cylinder, the middle section is a large cylinder, and the bottom end is a square; wherein, the small cylinder and the large cylinder are in smooth transition; a plurality of fin heat dissipation grooves 21 are provided around the large cylindrical shape for increasing the heat dissipation area of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2, and the number, groove width and groove depth of the fin heat dissipation grooves 21 are adjusted according to the power of the X-ray source.
The high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is made of insulating engineering plastic, and a first through hole 11 and a second through hole 12 are formed in the side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder; as shown in fig. 4, the inside of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is a cylindrical cavity, and is coaxial with the cylindrical cavity inside the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2, and the cylindrical cavity is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are communicated by arranging a baffle 13 inside the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1; the upper end outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 sleeved with the metal heat radiating cylinder 2 is cylindrical, the lower end outer side wall is a cuboid with a square bottom surface, and an outer step 14 is arranged between the upper end outer side wall and the lower end outer side wall; the distance between the upper top surface 18 of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 and the upper top surface 22 of the metal heat radiating cylinder 2 is 30 mm; the 4 edges of the cuboid are respectively dug out to form a small cuboid for placing the corresponding metal pull rod 4.
As shown in fig. 4, the middle of the lower plane of the partition 13 is an invagination plane 131, a third through hole 132 is formed in the center of the invagination plane, and a plurality of fourth through holes 133 are formed around the third through hole 132.
The voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6 of the high-voltage power supply is arranged in the lower cavity of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, an inner step 15 is arranged at the bottom end of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, and a first chuck 61 is arranged at the bottom surface of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6; a plurality of groups of combined counter bores 151 are arranged on the outer side edge of the first chuck 61 and the inner step 15, and the first chuck 61 and the inner step 15 are fixedly connected by utilizing screws matched with the combined counter bores 151, so that the up-and-down (longitudinal) movement of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is limited; the lateral movement of the voltage doubler rectifying circuit 6 is restricted by clamping the top surface of the voltage doubler rectifying circuit in the recess plane 131.
An X-ray tube 7 is placed in a space formed by the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 and the upper cavity inside the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, and a shell 71 of the X-ray tube 7 is clamped and fixed on the upper top surface 22 of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 so as to realize fixation.
The input electrode of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6 is embedded in the second through hole 12, and the voltage output end 62 is electrically connected with the anode 72 of the X-ray tube 7 through the metal spring 8 penetrating into the third through hole 132.
The expansion deformation device 5 comprises a bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 and a fixed ring 52; wherein, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 includes a middle concave portion 53 embedded in the first through hole 11, and a turn-over 54 provided around the middle concave portion 53; a plurality of groups of combination holes 55 are arranged on the turning edge 54, the fixed ring 52 and the side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, and each group of combination holes 55 are coaxial; the holes in the combined hole 55, which are positioned on the side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, are screw holes; the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 is arranged between the fixed ring 52 and the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, and the overturning edge 54 is tightly attached to the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 through matched screws. Fig. 6 (a) is a plan view of the bowl-shaped expansion and deformation structure 51, and fig. 6 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the bowl-shaped expansion and deformation structure 51.
The shape of the metal pull rod 4 is cuboid, the upper end is provided with a screw hole, the screw hole is formed in the lower end of the square bottom of the metal radiating cylinder 2, the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 and the sealing bottom plate 3 are fastened through the screw hole and the square sealing bottom plate 3.
The lower bottom surface 23 of the metal heat dissipation tube 2 and the outer step 14 of the high-voltage insulating tube 1, the lower bottom surface 16 of the high-voltage insulating tube 1 and the upper surface 31 of the sealing bottom plate 3, and the outer shell 71 of the X-ray tube 7 and the upper top surface 22 of the metal heat dissipation tube 2 are sealed by corresponding matched sealing grooves and sealing rings, so that the inside of the high-voltage insulating structure of the X-ray source is a sealing structure.
The inside of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 after the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6 and the X-ray tube 7 are placed is filled with a liquid insulating medium, and the fourth through hole 133 of the partition plate 13 is used for the circulation of the liquid insulating medium in the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
The metal foil 9 is tightly adhered and coated around the outer wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, and can rapidly conduct away static charges accumulated on the surface of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, so that abrupt discharge and ignition caused by charge accumulation are avoided. In addition, the metal foil 9 also plays a role in shielding and balancing the high-voltage electric field, so that the influence of the high-voltage electric field generated by the voltage-multiplying rectifying circuit 6 on the outer low-voltage circuit is avoided, and meanwhile, the voltage-multiplying rectifying circuit 6 is also prevented from being influenced by other external electromagnetic environments.
In this embodiment, the material of the high-voltage insulation cylinder 1 is one of Polyamide (PA) engineering plastics, specifically polyhexamethylene adipamide (PA-66); the liquid insulating medium is No. 45 transformer oil; the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 is made of rubber; the metal foil 9 is an aluminum foil.
The intermediate concave portion 53 of the bowl-shaped inflated deformation structure 51 has an outer diameter of 60 mm and a height of 20mm, resulting in a deformation volume of 56 mL. Since No. 45 transformer oil has an expansion coefficient of 0.07% at every 1 ℃ increase in temperature. When the volume of the liquid insulating medium filled in the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is 1500 mL, the X-ray source continuously works to cause the temperature of the liquid insulating medium to rise from the room temperature of 20 ℃ to the highest temperature of 60 ℃, at this time, the expansion volume of the liquid insulating medium is calculated to be about 42 mL, and the designed bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 with the deformation volume of 56 mL can meet the practical use requirement. In addition, the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 has the characteristics of oil resistance, corrosion resistance, X-ray irradiation resistance, good insulation property and the like, so that the stability of the X-ray source is improved.
The liquid insulating medium is fully contacted with the surfaces of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6 and the X-ray tube 7, so that air in the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is exhausted, the insulating property is improved, low-vacuum bubbles are prevented from occurring in the high-voltage power supply, the circuits are prevented from being damaged by arc discharge, and the service life of the high-voltage power supply is prolonged. In addition, when the X-ray source is in operation, the high-voltage electric field generated by the voltage-multiplying rectifying circuit 6 can drive the liquid insulating medium to roll quickly, and the fourth through hole 133 formed in the partition plate 13 enables the liquid insulating medium in the upper cavity and the lower cavity in the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 to better circulate, so that heat is quickly conducted to the surfaces of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 and the sealing bottom plate 3, and the temperature in the high-voltage power supply is kept stable.
The high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is made of PA-66, and has the functions of supporting, radiating, insulating and sealing. The high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 has higher strength, small thermal deformation and high dielectric strength and high volume resistivity, resists X-ray irradiation, effectively enhances the insulation and voltage-withstanding characteristics between the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6 and external low voltage, and improves the stability of an X-ray source. Compared with a potting structure, the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 has the advantages of simpler process, simpler and more convenient assembly and disassembly and higher stability; compared with a metal shell structure, the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 has lower cost, smaller volume, higher stability, lighter weight and convenience in installation, use and transportation under the condition of the same volume.
Example 2
The present embodiment proposes a high voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source, and the overall structure is shown in fig. 7 and 8, and compared with embodiment 1, the difference is only that:
The periphery of the large cylinder of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 is smooth, and fin heat dissipation grooves are not formed;
As shown in fig. 9, the lower end outer side wall of the high voltage insulation cylinder 1 is cylindrical, and an outer step 14 is arranged between the upper end outer side wall and the lower end outer side wall;
The outer side wall of the lower end of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is provided with a circular sinking plane 17, the first through hole 11 is positioned in the center of the circular sinking plane 17, and screw holes 56 corresponding to the combined holes 55 are arranged around the first through hole 11; the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure 51 is arranged between the fixed ring 52 and the circular sinking plane 17, and the close fitting of the turning edge 54 and the circular sinking plane 17 is realized through matched screws;
The shape of the metal pull rod 4 is cylindrical; the square bottom end of the metal heat dissipation cylinder 2 and the square sealing bottom plate 3 are subjected to rounding treatment.
Other structures are the same as in embodiment 1.
In the embodiment, the outer side wall of the lower end of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is designed to be cylindrical, so that the processing and the installation are convenient; the whole ring column structure that is the same of ring width that is of high voltage insulating cylinder 1 lower extreme reduces volume and weight, more does benefit to the heat dissipation to make the insulating withstand voltage characteristic in the high voltage power supply outside tend to agree, in order to reduce the unstability that high voltage electric field distortion caused.
Because the outer side wall of the lower end of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is arc-shaped, the expansion deformation device 5 is convenient to be tightly fixed by arranging the circular sinking plane 17 on the outer side wall of the lower end.
In the embodiment, fin radiating grooves are not arranged around the large cylindrical shape of the metal radiating cylinder 2, so that the metal radiating cylinder is more suitable for a low-power X-ray source.
Example 3
The present embodiment proposes a high voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source, the overall structure is as shown in fig. 10 and 11, and the difference from embodiment 2 is only that:
The high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is not provided with a baffle 13, the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 takes the plane of the inner step as a split surface, and a cross section projected towards the direction of the metal heat dissipation cylinder is a ring shape with the same ring width as shown in fig. 12;
As shown in fig. 13, in a top view of the voltage doubler rectifying circuit 6, a second chuck 63 is provided at an upper end of the voltage doubler rectifying circuit 6, and a plurality of fifth through holes 64 are formed in the second chuck 63; a plurality of groups of combined counter bores 151 are arranged on the outer side edge of the first chuck 61 and the inner step 15, and the first chuck 61 and the inner step 15 are fixedly connected by utilizing screws matched with the combined counter bores 151, so that the up-and-down (longitudinal) movement of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is limited; the second chuck 63 is clamped and fixed on the inner wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1, so that the lateral fixation of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit 6 is realized; the fifth through hole 64 is used for communicating the liquid insulating medium in the upper cavity and the lower cavity;
The small and large cylinders of the metal heat sink 2 do not transition smoothly but rather through the inclined surface 24.
Other structures are the same as in embodiment 1.
In the embodiment, the partition plate 13 is not adopted, but the second chuck 63 clamped with the inner wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is arranged at the upper end of the voltage-multiplying rectifying circuit 6 to fix the voltage-multiplying rectifying circuit 6, so that the processing of the high-voltage insulating cylinder 1 is facilitated while the cost is saved.
The embodiment adopts the inclined plane 24 for transition, so that the thickness of the side wall of the metal radiating cylinder 2 can be further reduced, the weight is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat is also facilitated to be quickly conducted from the inside of the metal radiating cylinder 2 to the surface, and the metal radiating cylinder is particularly suitable for an X-ray source with lighter overall weight requirement.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and advantages of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown, wherein the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific arrangements and instrumentalities shown, and wherein various other changes and combinations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source is characterized by comprising a high-voltage insulation cylinder (1), a metal heat dissipation cylinder (2) sleeved at the upper end of the high-voltage insulation cylinder (1), a sealing bottom plate (3) positioned at the bottom of the high-voltage insulation cylinder (1) and an expansion deformation device (5) arranged on the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulation cylinder (1);
The side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1) is provided with a first through hole (11) and a second through hole (12), and the first through hole (11) is connected with the expansion deformation device (5); the inside of the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1) is a cylindrical cavity and is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are communicated with each other; a voltage doubling rectifying circuit (6) is arranged in the lower cavity; the metal radiating cylinder (2) is coaxial with the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1), and an X-ray tube (7) is arranged in a space formed by the metal radiating cylinder (2) and the upper cavity; the input electrode of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit (6) is embedded into the second through hole (12), and the voltage output end (62) is electrically connected with the anode (72) of the X-ray tube (7); the metal radiating cylinder (2) and the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1), the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1) and the sealing bottom plate (3) and the shell (71) of the X-ray tube (7) and the metal radiating cylinder (2) are sealed through corresponding matched sealing grooves and sealing rings; an insulating medium is filled in the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1) after the voltage doubling rectifying circuit (6) and the X-ray tube (7) are placed;
the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1) is made of insulating engineering plastics, and is specifically polyamide, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, polyphenyl ether, polyester, polyphenylene sulfide or polybutylene terephthalate.
2. The high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to claim 1, further comprising a metal foil (9) attached to and coated on the outer wall of the high-voltage insulation cylinder (1), wherein the upper end of the metal foil (9) is electrically connected with the outer side of the lower end of the metal heat dissipation cylinder (2), and the lower end of the metal foil (9) is electrically connected with the sealing bottom plate (3).
3. The high voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source according to claim 2, characterized in that the metal foil (9) is made of aluminum or copper.
4. The high voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation medium is a liquid insulation medium, in particular transformer oil.
5. The high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a plurality of metal pull rods (4) arranged around the high-voltage insulation cylinder (1), wherein the upper ends of the metal pull rods (4) are connected with the metal heat dissipation cylinder (2) through fasteners, and the lower ends of the metal pull rods are connected with the sealing bottom plate (3) through fasteners.
6. The high voltage insulation structure of an X-ray source according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the expansion deformation device (5) comprises a bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure (51) and a fixing ring (52); wherein the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure (51) comprises a middle concave part (53) embedded in the first through hole (11), and a turnover edge (54) arranged around the middle concave part (53); a plurality of groups of combination holes (55) are arranged on the turning edge (54), the fixing ring (52) and the side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1); the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure (51) is arranged between the fixed ring (52) and the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1), and the overturning edge (54) is attached to the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulating cylinder (1) through a fastener.
7. The high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to claim 6, wherein the outer side wall of the high-voltage insulation cylinder (1) is cylindrical in shape, a circular sinking plane (17) is arranged on the outer side wall, the first through hole (11) is positioned at the center of the circular sinking plane (17), and screw holes (56) corresponding to the combined holes (55) are arranged around the first through hole (11); the bowl-shaped expansion deformation structure (51) is arranged between the fixing ring (52) and the circular sinking plane (17), and the overturning edge (54) is attached to the circular sinking plane (17) through a fastener.
8. The high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an inner step (15) is arranged at the bottom end of the inside of the high-voltage insulation cylinder (1), a first chuck (61) is arranged at the bottom surface of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit (6), a plurality of groups of combined counter bores (151) are arranged at the outer side edge of the first chuck (61) and on the inner step (15), and connection fixation of the first chuck (61) and the inner step (15) is achieved through a fastener.
9. The high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to claim 8, characterized in that a partition (13) is provided inside the high-voltage insulation cylinder (1); wherein, the middle of the lower plane of the baffle plate (13) is an inward sinking plane (131); a third through hole (132) is formed in the center of the partition plate (13); a plurality of fourth through holes (133) are formed around the third through hole (132).
10. The high-voltage insulation structure of the X-ray source according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of fin heat dissipation grooves (21) are formed in the outer side wall of the metal heat dissipation cylinder (2).
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