CN118546911A - 一种具有拮抗线虫功效的蛋白酶 - Google Patents
一种具有拮抗线虫功效的蛋白酶 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种从产酶溶杆菌中分离获得的具有拮抗线虫功效的蛋白酶,其氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1;编码基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2。本发明所提供的蛋白酶可用于拮抗线虫,可以用于制备无毒高效的杀线虫制剂。本发明的蛋白酶对其它含有几丁质结构的生物也表现出强大的杀伤作用。本发明的蛋白酶不仅在农业中用于控制线虫具有重要价值,还能在生物防治领域中广泛应用,对抗各种含几丁质的有害生物,如害虫、真菌和寄生虫等。因此,该蛋白酶在农业、环保和公共卫生等领域均展现出巨大的应用潜力和价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药技术领域,具体涉及一种从产酶溶杆菌中分离获得的具有拮抗线虫功效的蛋白酶。
背景技术
根结线虫是一类植物寄生性线虫,可以导致植物根部形成根结,对植物根、茎、叶和果实等造成巨大伤害,还能传播真菌和细菌性病害,使得寄生植物更容易感染其他病害,被认为是农业中最具破坏性的害虫之一。根结线虫可以寄生于多种不同的农作物上,如瓜类、豆类、茄果类等多种蔬菜及葡萄、甘蔗、火龙果等水果。而且线虫生长周期较短,繁殖较快,对农作物造成巨大危害,造成巨大的经济损失。因此亟需对植物寄生线虫进行防治。
目前的防治措施主要有轮作、化学防治、土壤熏蒸等方式。作物轮作被认为是管理根结线虫寄生最实用,也是最古老的方式之一,但其周期较长,至少需要4年的轮作周期才能培养出非寄主植物,且植物抗线虫的特异性较强,当存在不同线虫时,其他线虫可能仍会寄生于植物上。化学防治主要利用有机磷类、氨基甲酸酯类等杀虫剂对线虫进行防治。然而,当前世界范围内植物寄生线虫危害频发,杀虫剂的长期重复使用增加了线虫产生抗药性的风险,而且长期向环境中释放杀虫剂可能会对环境和人类健康造成严重危害。土壤熏蒸因其效果稳定、使用高效等特点,也被广泛应用于土壤有害生物的治理。但熏蒸剂不能特异性的杀灭土壤中的真菌、细菌及线虫类等有害生物,而且也会将土壤中有益生物杀灭,造成更加严重的危害。因此寻找无毒高效且特异性的物质作为杀线虫剂就具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种从产酶溶杆菌中分离获得的具有拮抗线虫功效的蛋白酶,从而为提供一种新的拮抗线虫的物质。
本发明所提供的蛋白酶,其氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1,
MSKLATSPLRLRTALARAAGLFGLLCAHSAFAAPQAPFADDALAPAAVAPAACNYVEWTRGVNYTLGTIVRFPPNGQFYKLVNVGTNGSDGTDPTISTWYWQPTTCDGGGPSPGGFVVSEAQFNQMFPNRNGFYTYSGLIAALRSYPNFAKEGGDTIARQEAAAFLANVHHETGGLVHIREQNQANWDHYCQPAGTCGGKQYYGRGPIQLSWNYNYSAAGNALGLDLINNPDWVATNSAISWQTALWYWMTQRGAASNTPHQAMVNLRAFGETIRAINGGIECNAGGIGHQQMLNRVQIY RGFSATLGVPAGNNLEC;
本发明还提供所提供的蛋白酶的编码基因,其一种具体的氨基酸序列为SEQ IDNO:2;
ATGTCCAAGCTCGCCACGTCCCCGCTCCGCCTCCGCACCGCCCTCGCCCGCGCCGCCGGCCTGTTCGGCCTGTTGTGCGCGCATTCGGCCTTCGCCGCGCCGCAAGCGCCATTCGCCGACGATGCCCTCGCCCCGGCCGCGGTCGCGCCCGCCGCCTGCAACTACGTCGAATGGACGCGCGGGGTGAACTACACCCTCGGCACCATCGTGCGCTTCCCGCCGAACGGCCAGTTCTACAAGCTGGTCAACGTCGGCACCAACGGCAGCGACGGCACCGACCCGACCATCAGCACCTGGTACTGGCAGCCGACCACCTGCGACGGCGGCGGCCCCTCGCCGGGCGGCTTCGTGGTCAGCGAGGCGCAGTTCAACCAGATGTTCCCCAACCGCAACGGCTTCTACACCTACTCCGGGCTGATCGCGGCGCTGCGTTCGTATCCGAACTTCGCCAAGGAAGGCGGCGACACCATCGCGCGCCAGGAAGCGGCGGCGTTCCTGGCCAACGTCCACCACGAGACCGGCGGGCTGGTGCACATCCGCGAGCAGAACCAGGCCAACTGGGACCATTACTGCCAGCCGGCCGGCACCTGCGGCGGCAAGCAGTATTACGGGCGCGGGCCGATCCAGCTGAGCTGGAACTACAACTATTCCGCCGCCGGCAATGCGCTGGGGCTGGACCTGATCAACAACCCGGACTGGGTCGCCACCAACTCGGCGATCTCGTGGCAGACCGCCCTGTGGTACTGGATGACCCAGCGCGGCGCCGCCAGCAACACTCCGCACCAGGCGATGGTGAACCTGCGCGCGTTCGGCGAGACCATCCGCGCGATCAACGGCGGCATCGAATGCAACGCCGGCGGCATCGGCCACCAGCAGATGCTCAACCGGGTGCAGATCTATCGCGGCTTCAGCGCGACGCTCGGCGTGCCCGCGGGCAACAACCTGGAGTGCTGA。
本发明还提供所述的蛋白酶的一种用途,是在拮抗线虫或制备用于拮抗线虫的制品中的应用。
本发明再一个方面还提供一种用于拮抗线虫的制品,其中包含有上述的蛋白酶或能够重组表达该蛋白酶的工程菌株。
作为优选,所述的蛋白酶ChiG半致死浓度为0.08mg/ml。
本发明所筛选获得的蛋白酶在农业中可用于控制线虫,还能广泛应用在生物防治领域中,对抗各种含几丁质的有害生物,如害虫、真菌和寄生虫等,展现出巨大的应用潜力和价值。
附图说明
图1:蛋白酶ChiG诱导表达与纯化图,其中图A中的M为marker,泳道1为对照组BL21-pET28a;泳道2为BL21-pET-28a破碎上清;图B中 M为marker;泳道1、2、3、4、5、6、7分别对应10、20、50、75、100、250、500 mM咪唑洗脱液。
图2:温度(A)及pH(B)对蛋白酶ChiG活性的影响图,
图3:蛋白酶ChiG在不同温度(A)及不同pH(B)条件下的稳定性图,
图4:不同金属离子对蛋白酶ChiG活性的影响图,
图5:蛋白酶ChiG对线虫存活率的影响图,其中PB为磷酸缓冲液(Phosphatebuffer);ChiG即本发明所筛选的蛋白酶,结果表明是蛋白酶ChiG,而非缓冲液具有杀线虫的活性,
图6:表达菌株BL21-pET28a-ChiG对线虫存活率的影响图,其中BL21-pET28a为ChiG的表达载体,表明BL21-pET28a对线虫存活率无影响,而BL21-pET28a-ChiG可以降低线虫的存活率。
具体实施方式
本发明通过对能够抗秀丽隐杆线虫(野生型N2)的产酶溶杆菌Lysobacter enzymogenes YC36的基因组进行分析,发现了一个含结合结构域和催化结构域两个结构域的蛋白酶。将所发现的基因命名为ChiG,并将该基因克隆到pET-28a表达载体上,作为重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3),经诱导表达得到大小为34kDa的纯蛋白。对该酶进行了酶学分析及抗线虫效果的检测。
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明进行详细的描述。
实施例1:确定ChiG基因的氨基酸序列
所筛选的蛋白酶,其氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1,其编码基因的核苷酸序列为SEQID NO:2。通过SMART(https://smart.embl.de/)蛋白结构预测发现该蛋白包含结合结构域和催化结构域,通过UniProt及NCBI数据库对该蛋白进行比对,发现其与已报道的蛋白酶相比,最高相似度为41.5%,覆盖率为67%,确认为一种新型蛋白酶,命名为chiG。
实施例2:制备重组表达载体和重组表达ChiG基因
将chiG基因在产酶溶杆菌LeYC36基因组中进行PCR扩增,在上下游引物中加入酶切位点,将PCR产物纯化后与pET28a质粒进行双酶切并进行连接,构建pET28a-chiG连接产物,上下游引物分别为:
chiG-F:CCGGAATTCATGGCGCCGCAAGCGCCATT、
chiG-R:CCCAAGCTTTCAGCACTCCAGGTTGTTGCCCG;
通过热激转化法将pET28a-chiG连接产物转化至感受态细胞BL21中,获得BL21-pET28a-chiG重组菌株。
将BL21-pET28a-chiG重组菌株在含100 μg/mL卡那霉素的LB培养基中进行培养,培养至对数期(OD600=0.6-0.8)时加入终浓度为0.1 mM的IPTG, 在16℃条件下培养16h诱导蛋白的表达。收集菌体,4℃,12000 rpm,离心15 min后弃上清,用Binding Buffer重悬菌体,涡旋震荡1 min后,用超声波细胞破碎仪进行破碎,4℃,12000 rpm,10 min,取上清,上清液即为粗酶液。用0.22 μm滤器过滤粗酶液后,进行镍亲和层析。首先加入BindingBuffer对镍亲和柱进行预处理。后将粗酶液上柱,重复过柱3遍。然后加入不同浓度的咪唑洗脱,按照从低到高浓度,分别为10、50、75、100、250、500 mM依次洗脱,收集洗脱液。结果表明高纯度的蛋白酶ChiG在50、75、100 mM咪唑浓度下洗脱下来(图1),收集蛋白纯度高的洗脱液,用10 kDa超滤管进行超滤,最终用pH为8的PB溶解纯化蛋白,分装于离心管中,冻存于-80℃。
实施例3:ChiG的酶学性质
蛋白酶ChiG的最适反应温度为40℃(图2-A),最适反应pH为5(图2-B)。在40℃下保温2h后仍然有85%的活力(图3-A),该酶在pH 4-9的缓冲液中放置6h仍有40%以上的活力(图3-B),说明其具有良好的温度稳定性及pH稳定性。在10种金属离子溶液中,K+对能够激发ChiG酶的活性,Fe2+及Fe3+能显著抑制ChiG酶的活性(图4),其他金属离子对其酶活没有影响,说明其不属于金属性依赖酶。
实施例4:ChiG的抗线虫活性
ChiG的存在能严重影响线虫的存活率,本发明将已同步化含有大量L2时期的线虫平板,用M9缓冲液冲洗下来收集到1.5 mL的离心管中,1000 rpm离心2 min,弃上清,后再次添加M9缓冲液进行清洗,重复2-3次后,后剩余适量液体;取出20 μL到平板上,在4×普通光学显微镜下进行镜检,用M9缓冲液调整线虫浓度至2条/μL,向96孔板里添加线虫40条,加入2.5 μL的10 mM FudR,后加入50 μL纯化的几丁质酶ChiG,几丁质酶终浓度为0.2 mg/mL。添加相同体积的PB缓冲液作为对照;密封96孔板并在底部铺一层湿润的纱布以保持环境湿润,于20℃孵育3-5天,记录线虫的存活率。在普通光学显微镜4×下数存活的线虫数量,在10×下察看线虫状态。
在线虫的存活率实验中以蛋白的缓冲液作为对照,蛋白酶ChiG终浓度为0.08mg/ml的条件下线虫的存活率可下降至50%左右(图5)。
在线虫的平板实验中,用BL21-ChiG-pET28a表达菌株(实验组)、仅含pET28a载体的表达菌株(BL21-pET28a,对照组)诱导表达后涂布,喂养线虫看其线虫的存活状态,发现喂养ChiG-pET28a表达菌株存活率降至85%左右(图6)。
因此,本发明发现一种全新的蛋白酶ChiG,通过蛋白异源表达发现其具有良好的杀线虫活性,能够通过分解线虫体内的几丁质,破坏其结构,最终导致线虫死亡。推测其对其他含有几丁质结构的生物皆具有良好的拮抗作用,几丁质是许多生物(如昆虫、真菌和某些寄生虫)外骨骼和细胞壁的主要成分,通过分解这些生物体内的几丁质,该蛋白酶能够破坏它们的外壳和保护层,使其无法生存。由于其广谱高效的特点,该蛋白酶不仅在农业中用于控制线虫具有重要价值,还能在生物防治领域中广泛应用,对抗各种含几丁质的有害生物,如害虫、真菌和寄生虫等。因此,ChiG在农业、环保和公共卫生等领域均展现出巨大的应用潜力和价值。
Claims (10)
1.一种从产酶溶杆菌中分离获得的蛋白酶,其特征在于,所述的蛋白酶,其氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1。
2.一种基因,其特征在于,所述的基因编码权利要求1所述的蛋白酶。
3.如权利要求2所述的基因,其特征在于,所述的基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2。
4.权利要求1所述的蛋白酶在拮抗线虫中的应用。
5.权利要求1所述的蛋白酶在制备用于拮抗线虫的制品中的应用。
6.一种重组表达载体,其特征在于,所述的重组表达载体中插入用于编码权利要求1所述的蛋白酶的核酸片段。
7.一种工程菌株,其特征在于,所述的工程菌株携带有权利要求6所述的重组表达载体。
8.一种用于拮抗线虫的制品,其特征在于,所述的制品中包含有权利要求1所述的蛋白酶。
9.如权利要求8所述的制品,其特征在于,所述的蛋白酶的半致死浓度为0.08mg/ml。
10.如权利要求8所述的制品,其特征在于,所述的制品还包含有权利要求7所述的工程菌株。
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