CN118526430A

CN118526430A - A compact anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract and its preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN118526430A
Application number: CN202410656462.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王星宇; 黄检; 王承坚
Original assignee: Guangzhou Xinsimei Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Xinsimei Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-05-24
Filing date: 2024-05-24
Publication date: 2024-08-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract and a preparation method thereof, wherein the essential oil comprises the following components: phase A: 60-70% of anti-wrinkle agent, 20-38% of emollient and 3-7% of conditioner; and B phase: 0.1 to 0.5 percent of jasmine oil, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of sandalwood oil and 0.01 to 0.1 percent of mother chrysanthemum oil; and C phase: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of bergamot oil, 0.5 to 2 percent of tocopherol, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of bisabolol, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of sea buckthorn fruit oil and 0.1 to 0.3 percent of aromatic; the sum of the mass fractions of the phase A, the phase B and the phase C is 100 percent; wherein the anti-wrinkle agent comprises at least one of camellia seed oil, borage oil and plant squalane; the emollient is at least one selected from oleum Armeniacae amarum, caprylic/capric triglyceride, semen Brassicae Capitatae oil, sunflower seed oil, oleum Olivarum, oleum Vaccinii Vitis-idaeae; the conditioner comprises chia seed oil and camelina seed oil.

Description

A compact anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract and its preparation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of skin care products, in particular to compact anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Skin is an important organ responsible for various physiological functions such as a barrier function, thermoregulation or excretion, etc., which protects the human body from the external environment and prevents the outflow of internal moisture and useful components. Generally, the skin is gradually aged due to continuous contact with the outside, which includes continuous generation of free radicals by external contamination, ultraviolet irradiation, and the like. Free radicals, which are the products of human cellular metabolism, are destructive to unsaturated fatty acids, protein molecules, nucleic acid molecules, extracellular soluble components, and membrane lipids, resulting in wrinkles, sagging, and subcutaneous fat loss. The free radicals destroy collagen and elastin, so that the skin is moisturized, the function of maintaining elasticity is lost, and the skin aging is accelerated. The most typical changes caused by skin tissue aging are changes in the skin matrix, wherein human skin fibroblasts in the dermis layer age, decreasing the ability to produce fibers and matrix, and the amount of matrix is reduced overall, thinning the skin, decreasing skin elasticity, and forming wrinkles.

The main added effective components in the anti-wrinkle products in the current market are 1) antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, but the enzymes have poor stability, are placed for a long time at any time and are basically deactivated; 2) Small molecule antioxidant substances such as vitamin C, vitamin E, ergothioneine, resveratrol, coenzyme Q10 and the like are used for reducing free radical damage of skin, regulating immunity and improving self-protection effect of skin, but the substances only play an antioxidant effect and can prevent wrinkles, but cannot remove the generated wrinkles, so that the effect is unsatisfactory; 3) Natural extracts such as ginseng, rhodiola rosea, etc., but these extracts are costly and have low transdermal absorption, and the effect of actually reaching the basal layer of the skin is not significant. 4) Some of the products are quick in effect, and some of the hormone substances are often excessively added, so that the skin is potentially damaged greatly. Besides the use of these external cosmetic products, there are also cosmetic operations for removing wrinkles by means of medical operations in the beauty parlor, such as subcutaneous injection of hyaluronic acid, botulinum, etc., but these operations are on the one hand costly and safe, such as the insertion of the filler into the subcutaneous tissue by surgery, long-lasting in the body, with a certain safety risk, and on the other hand injection-type injections often require frequent injections.

With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the requirements of consumers on daily beauty and skin care products are higher and higher, and natural plant essential oil skin care products are favored by more and more consumers. However, most of the essential oil products on the market at present only contain simple single essential oil or simple stacks of various essential oils, have heavy burden on skin, have great irritation and very little effect, and cannot protect and repair the skin in all directions.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing the camellia seed oil extract and the preparation method thereof, wherein the tightening and anti-aging essential oil has the effects of relieving, repairing, reconstructing skin barrier, resisting aging and preserving moisture.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

A compact anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract comprises the following components:

Phase A: 60-70% of anti-wrinkle agent, 20-38% of emollient and 3-7% of conditioner;

and B phase: 0.1 to 0.5 percent of jasmine oil, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of sandalwood oil and 0.01 to 0.1 percent of mother chrysanthemum oil;

And C phase: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of bergamot oil, 0.5 to 2 percent of tocopherol, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of bisabolol, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of sea buckthorn fruit oil and 0.1 to 0.3 percent of aromatic;

The sum of the mass fractions of the phase A, the phase B and the phase C is 100 percent;

wherein the anti-wrinkle agent (i.e., the essential oil anti-wrinkle composition) comprises camellia seed oil;

The emollient is at least one selected from oleum Armeniacae amarum, caprylic/capric triglyceride, semen Brassicae Capitatae oil, sunflower seed oil, oleum Olivarum, oleum Vaccinii Vitis-idaeae;

The conditioner comprises chia seed oil and camelina seed oil.

According to the application, camellia seed oil is taken as a main base material essential oil, and the chia seed oil and the camelina sativa seed oil are taken as auxiliary materials, so that on one hand, the effects of continuously inhibiting elastase, eliminating free radicals and promoting cathepsin activity of the compound essential oil can be improved, and meanwhile, the camellia seed oil and the chia seed oil can be matched for use, so that the radiation resistance of skin can be enhanced, the camellia seed oil and the chia seed oil have a certain absorption capacity to ultraviolet rays, and the camellia seed oil and the chia seed oil are optimal choices for a group of computers, a group of mobile phones and people exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long time. On the other hand, the jasmine oil, the sandalwood oil, the mother chrysanthemum oil, the bergamot oil and the sea buckthorn fruit oil contain rich unsaturated fatty acids, so that an acidic layer in a cuticle can be maintained, a natural antibacterial defense mechanism of skin is formed, and the natural antibacterial defense mechanism can be combined with a large amount of linoleic acid, linolenic acid and unsaturated fatty acids in camellia seed oil to effectively repair the skin barrier function and rebuild epidermal cells, thereby preventing the diversion of skin water and reducing the influence of external environment, and achieving the purposes of wrinkle resistance and compactness. The tocopherol is an oil-soluble natural substance, can be used together with bisabolol, and has the effects of resisting inflammation and oxidization, enhancing the anti-aging capability of skin, preventing rough skin chapping, promoting wound healing, preventing pigmentation, avoiding rancidity and oxidization of grease, and stabilizing the grease. The components can improve rough skin, enhance elasticity, resist radiation, reduce pigmentation, etc. on facial skin, and camellia seed oil is permeated into skin to be absorbed by skin more easily, thereby achieving the purpose of tightening and resisting aging. The essential oil is applied to anti-aging products, and achieves the effects of improving skin relaxation, drying and water shortage, reducing wrinkles, increasing skin elasticity and the like, thereby improving the aging phenomena of skin wrinkles, relaxation, drying and water shortage, darkness and the like.

Preferably, the bergamot oil is a non-light sensitive bergamot oil.

Preferably, the anti-wrinkle agent (i.e., the essential oil anti-wrinkle composition) further comprises 30% -35% borage oil and plant squalane. Omega 6GLA in borage oil can act together with a large amount of linoleic acid, linolenic acid and unsaturated fatty acid in camellia seed oil to further strengthen the skin barrier function, prevent skin water from being shunted and reduce the influence of external environment, and realize wrinkle resistance and compactness.

Preferably, the anti-wrinkle agent comprises 29-32% of camellia seed oil, 1-3% of borage oil and 30-35% of plant squalane.

Preferably, the emollient comprises 6 to 12 percent of sweet almond oil, 8 to 13 percent of caprylic/capric triglyceride, 2 to 5 percent of cranberry seed oil, 1 to 2 percent of sunflower seed oil, 1 to 2 percent of olive oil, 1 to 2 percent of monkey bread seed oil and 1 to 2 percent of sandalwood seed oil.

Preferably, the mass fraction ratio of the chia seed oil to the camelina sativa seed oil in the conditioner is 1-3:1.

Preferably, the aromatic is selected from one or more of vetiver oil and rose oil.

Preferably, the tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

phase A: the anti-wrinkle agent comprises: 29.3 to 32.6 percent of camellia seed oil, 1.4 to 2.8 percent of borage oil, 29.3 to 34.6 percent of plant squalane, 20 to 38 percent of emollient, and 3 to 7 percent of conditioner;

The emollient comprises 8 to 11 percent of sweet almond oil, 9 to 12 percent of caprylic/capric triglyceride, 3 to 4 percent of crambe seed oil, 1 to 1.5 percent of sunflower seed oil, 1 to 1.5 percent of olive oil, 1 to 1.5 percent of monkey bread seed oil and 1 to 1.5 percent of sandalwood seed oil;

The conditioner comprises 2-3% of chia seed oil and 2-3% of camelina sativa seed oil;

and B phase: jasmine oil 0.1-0.2%, sandalwood oil 0.1-0.2%, mother chrysanthemum oil 0.01-0.1%;

And C phase: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of bergamot oil, 1 to 1.5 percent of tocopherol, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of bisabolol, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of sea buckthorn fruit oil and 0.1 to 0.3 percent of aromatic;

the sum of the mass fractions of the phase A, the phase B and the phase C is 100 percent.

More preferably, the tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

Phase A: the anti-wrinkle agent comprises: 30.5 to 31.5 percent of camellia seed oil, 1.4 to 2.8 percent of borage oil, 30.5 to 34.5 percent of plant squalane, 20 to 38 percent of emollient, and 3 to 7 percent of conditioner;

The conditioner is a natural skin conditioner and comprises 2-3% of chia seed oil and 2-3% of camelina sativa seed oil;

On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract, which comprises the following steps:

s1, heating an anti-wrinkle agent, an emollient and a conditioner to 50-60 ℃, and uniformly mixing to prepare a phase A;

S2, heating jasmine oil, sandalwood oil and chamomile oil to 45-60 ℃, and uniformly mixing to obtain a phase B;

s3, mixing the phase A and the phase B, adding bergamot oil, tocopherol, bisabolol, sea buckthorn fruit oil and aromatic, emulsifying, and discharging to obtain compact anti-aging essential oil.

On the other hand, the invention also provides application of the essential oil in preparing daily chemical products.

The mass percentage of the essential oil is 1-70% based on the total mass of the daily chemical product; preferably 10% to 60%, more preferably 15% to 50%.

Preferably, the daily chemical product is in a dosage form selected from the group consisting of a cream, a lotion, a spray, an oil, a foam, a water or a gel.

Preferably, the daily chemical product further comprises auxiliary materials acceptable in the daily chemical product;

Preferably, the adjunct comprises one or more of a surfactant, pH adjuster, emollient, emulsifier, thickener, humectant, skin protectant, and preservative.

The compact anti-aging essential oil disclosed by the invention is soft, moist and not greasy in skin feel, quick in absorption, soft and smooth after drying, and forms a very comfortable protective film on the surface of skin, and the compact anti-aging essential oil can be directly used as essential oil, can help to repair damaged skin, moisturize, lubricate and avoid dry marks, can enhance the radiation resistance of the skin, has a certain absorption capacity to ultraviolet rays, and is the best choice for a group of computers, a group of mobile phones and people exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long time; can also be used in combination with other cosmetics to moisten skin, promote the absorption of other cosmetic effective components, and moisten skin with high efficiency.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

According to the invention, camellia seed oil, chia seed oil, camelina seed oil, jasmine oil, sandalwood oil, chamomile flower oil, bergamot oil and sea buckthorn fruit oil are compounded, the synergistic effect of the components is fully exerted, the elastase can be inhibited, free radicals can be eliminated, the generation of nitrogen oxides can be inhibited, the activity of cathepsin can be promoted, the skin tissues can be anti-wrinkle and compact, and the effects of relieving and repairing, resisting aging and radiation and preserving moisture can be jointly realized.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the reagents, methods and apparatus employed in the present invention are those conventional in the art.

Reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Examples 1 to 14A compact anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract and a method for producing the same

The tightening anti-aging essential oil formulations of examples 1 to 14 are shown in table 1 below:

TABLE 1 tightening anti-aging essential oil formulations (wt%) for examples 1-14

The preparation method of the tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract comprises the following steps of:

Comparative examples 1 to 5

Comparative example 1: the camellia seed oil of example 7 was replaced with equal amount of water as control essential oil # 1, designated as comparative example 1;

comparative example 2: the Qiya seed oil and the camelina seed oil in example 7 were both replaced with water as control essential oil # 2, noted as comparative example 2;

comparative example 3: the equivalent amount of Qiya oil in example 7 was replaced with water as control essential oil 3#, designated as comparative example 3;

Comparative example 4: the same amount of camelina sativa seed oil in example 7 was replaced with water as control essential oil # 4, designated as comparative example 4;

Comparative example 5: the jasmine oil, sandalwood oil and mother chrysanthemum oil of example 7 were replaced with water as control essential oil # 5, which was designated as comparative example 5;

Comparative example 6: the bergamot oil and seabuckthorn fruit oil of example 7 were both replaced with water as control essential oil # 6, noted as comparative example 6;

Comparative example 7: the emollients (sweet almond oil, caprylic/capric triglyceride, crambe seed oil, sunflower seed oil, olive oil, monkey seed oil, sandalwood seed oil) of example 7 were all replaced with water as control essential oil # 7, designated as comparative example 7.

The application effects of the No. 1, no. 2, no. 3, no. 4, no. 5, no. 6 and No. 7 control essential oils are respectively shown in comparative examples 1-7. Experiments show that the camellia seed oil is adopted as main base stock essential oil, and the chia seed oil and the camelina sativa seed oil are adopted as auxiliary materials, so that on one hand, the effects of continuously inhibiting elastase, eliminating free radicals and promoting cathepsin activity of the compound essential oil can be improved, meanwhile, the camellia seed oil and the chia seed oil can be matched for use, so that the radiation resistance of skin can be enhanced, the camellia seed oil and the chia seed oil have certain absorption capacity to ultraviolet rays, and the camellia seed oil and the chia seed oil are optimal choices for a group of computers, a group of mobile phones and people exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long time. On the other hand, the jasmine oil, the sandalwood oil, the mother chrysanthemum oil, the bergamot oil and the sea buckthorn fruit oil contain rich unsaturated fatty acids, so that an acidic layer in a cuticle can be maintained, a natural antibacterial defense mechanism of skin is formed, and the natural antibacterial defense mechanism can be combined with a large amount of linoleic acid, linolenic acid and unsaturated fatty acids in camellia seed oil to effectively repair the skin barrier function and rebuild epidermal cells, thereby preventing the diversion of skin water and reducing the influence of external environment, and achieving the purposes of wrinkle resistance and compactness. When one or more components in the essential oil are changed or reduced, the anti-wrinkle tightening effect is obviously affected, which indicates that the interaction of the components in the tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing the camellia seed oil extract is indispensable.

Comparative examples 8 to 13

Table 2 comparative examples 8-13 provide tightening and anti-aging essential oil formulations (wt%)

The preparation method of the essential oil of comparative examples 1 to 13 is as follows:

Wherein comparative examples 1 to 7 were prepared by the method of referring to essential oil of example 7, the conditions were not changed except that the corresponding essential oil was replaced with water.

Application example 1 physical and chemical Properties and microorganism index measurement

To verify whether the samples of the present invention meet the hygienic specifications, the compact anti-aging essential oils prepared in examples 1 to 14 were subjected to hygienic tests and measured according to the "sterilization technical Specification" (2002 edition). The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 physical and chemical Properties and microbial index measurement results of the compact anti-aging essential oils of examples 1 to 14

The test results show that: the compact anti-aging essential oil product meets the detection standard of the disinfection technical Specification (2002 edition).

Application example 2 multiple complete skin irritation test

Referring to the "sterilizing technical Specification" 2002 edition, a plurality of complete skin irritation tests were performed on the compact anti-aging essential oil products of examples 1 to 14.

1. Experimental method

(1) The hairs on both sides of the spine of the back of the rabbit were removed with depilatory or scissors 24 hours before the test, without damaging the skin. The dehairing range was about 3cm by 3cm on the left and right.

(2) The next day the test substance (typically 5 times the concentration of the skin sanitizing application solution or 0.5mL (g) stock solution) was applied to one side of the skin and the other side was solvent applied as a control, and after 4 hours post-application, the residue was removed by washing with water or a suitable solvent without irritation. The application was once daily and continued for 14 days. The results were observed 24h after each application and scored as shown in table 4. In order to facilitate application of the test substance and observation of the results, hair should be sheared as necessary. The control zone was treated in the same manner as the test zone.

2. Evaluation rule

The average integral per day (stimulation index) was calculated for each animal and skin stimulation intensity was determined as in table 5.

The results of the skin irritation test of the tightening anti-aging essential oils of examples 1 to 14 on rabbit skin are shown in Table 6.

TABLE 4 scoring criteria for skin irritation response

TABLE 5 skin irritation intensity grading

Skin irritation index	Stimulation intensity level
		0～<0.5	No irritation
0.5～<2.0	Light irritation
		2.0～<6.0	Moderate irritation
6.0～8.0	Strong irritation

TABLE 6 results of experiments 1-14 of the skin irritation test of Tight anti-aging essential oil to Rabbit

As is clear from the results in Table 6, the skin irritation response scores of the examples 1 to 14 were 0, and they were of no irritation level, mild to the skin and high in safety.

In addition, the pathological detection results show that the skin, epidermis, dermis and accessory structures of the rabbit after the application of the tightening anti-aging essential oil in examples 1-14 are intact, and inflammatory cell infiltration and small vessel dilation are not seen. And moreover, the normal and damaged skin of the rabbit is administrated for multiple times, erythema, edema and other abnormal reactions are not found in the local administration, the average score of the skin irritation reaction is 0, and the normal and damaged skin of the rabbit is not found to be irritated by histopathology.

Application example 3 skin improvement Condition

1. Experimental method

(1) A subject: the 270 volunteers who participated in the experiment were healthy females and males aged 30-60 years. The women and men are half with no history of serious disease. The 270 volunteers were randomly divided into 27 groups, each group of volunteers corresponding to the tightening anti-aging essential oils of trial examples 1 to 14 and comparative examples 1 to 13, respectively, on a group basis.

(2) The test method comprises the following steps: after the face of the subject is washed by clear water, the corresponding tightening anti-aging essential oil is used for smearing the face, and the whole face is smeared at the usage amount of 1.0+/-0.05 g/time, and the whole face is continuously used for 4 weeks in the morning, in the middle and at night. Any product (cosmetic, external medicine or oral health product) cannot be used 15 days before the tested part.

A) After the face is thoroughly cleaned by using a unified face cleaning product, the face is gently wiped by using a paper towel, the face of a tester is photographed by a VISIA face image analyzer after the face is left for 15 minutes in a room with the room temperature of 21+/-1 ℃ and the humidity of 50+/-10% RH, and the interference between a reflecting area and hair is avoided as much as possible in an analysis area. Shooting the face (including the front face, the left side face and the right side face) of the subject, carrying out data statistics on the obtained absolute scores, and recording the detection data of wrinkles on the face of the subject. The test results are shown in Table 7.

B) Elasticity improvement condition: the skin elasticity tester (model: MPA 580) of German CK company is used for testing the skin elasticity value R2 and the skin compactness F4 before and after use respectively, the change degree of the skin elasticity is estimated according to the difference of the skin elasticity value and the skin compactness before and after the use, deltaR2= [ R2 (after use) -R2 (before use) ]x100 percent, and the larger the DeltaR 2 value is, the more the elasticity is enhanced; skin firmness Δf4= [ F4 (after use) -F4 (before use) ] × 100%. The results are shown in Table 7.

C) Moisturizing improvement condition: the moisture content of the face skin before and after the skin is used for tightening anti-aging essential oil is measured by a skin moisture measuring instrument, the improvement of skin moisture preservation is measured by a value of skin moisture content increase, and the larger the value is, the better the expression effect is, namely: change rate= (test value-initial value)/initial value 100%.

2. Experimental results

TABLE 7 test results

As shown in table 7, the essential oil product of the invention has excellent effect of increasing skin elasticity and firmness, and potential synergistic promotion relationship exists between essential oil components, and the auxiliary essential oil and functional auxiliary agent added in the essential oil can further improve the effect of increasing skin elasticity and firmness of the product.

While the invention has been described in terms of the foregoing embodiments as well as in terms of the detailed process equipment and process steps, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, but is merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A compact anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract, which is characterized by comprising the following components:

And B phase: 0.1 to 0.5 percent of jasmine flower oil, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of sandalwood oil, 0.01 to 0.3 percent of chamomile flower oil, 0.5 to 2 percent of tocopherol, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of bisabolol, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of sea buckthorn fruit oil and 0.1 to 0.3 percent of aromatic;

wherein the anti-wrinkle agent comprises camellia seed oil;

The conditioner comprises chia seed oil and camelina seed oil.

2. The tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract according to claim 1, wherein the anti-wrinkle agent further comprises borage oil, plant squalane.

3. The tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract according to claim 1, wherein the anti-wrinkle agent comprises 29% -32% of camellia seed oil, 1% -3% of borage oil and 30% -35% of plant squalane; the emollient comprises 6 to 12 percent of sweet almond oil, 8 to 13 percent of caprylic/capric triglyceride, 2 to 5 percent of crambe seed oil, 1 to 2 percent of sunflower seed oil, 1 to 2 percent of olive oil, 1 to 2 percent of monkey seed oil and 1 to 2 percent of sandalwood seed oil.

4. The compact anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction ratio of chia seed oil to camelina seed oil in the conditioner is 1-3:1.

5. The tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract according to claim 1, wherein the aromatic is selected from one or more of vetiver oil and rose oil.

6. A tightening and anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract according to claim 1 or 3, characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:

7. The process for preparing a compact anti-aging essential oil containing camellia seed oil extract as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the steps of:

8. Use of the essential oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the preparation of daily chemical products.

9. A daily chemical product is characterized in that,

The daily chemical product comprises the essential oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. The daily chemical article as recited in claim 9, wherein,

The mass percentage of the essential oil is 1-70% based on the total mass of the daily chemical product;

the daily chemical product is in the form of ointment, cream, emulsion, spray, oil, foam, water or gel.

The daily chemical product also comprises auxiliary materials acceptable in the daily chemical product; preferably, the adjunct comprises one or more of a surfactant, pH adjuster, emollient, emulsifier, thickener, humectant, skin protectant, and preservative.