CN118476365B - Vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision method and device - Google Patents
Vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision method and device Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 290
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention provides a dynamic decision-making method and a device for controlling accurate water and fertilizer of vegetables, which relate to the technical field of vegetable planting, comprehensively analyze and judge the accuracy level of water and fertilizer application by collecting soil and vegetable parameters, firstly collect the lengths of vegetable roots, generate the average length and root length variance of the vegetable roots, collect soil samples, generate soil layering density evaluation coefficients reflecting the influences of soil hardness layering of planting areas and the distribution of vegetable roots on soil fertilizer amount, meanwhile, the soil permeability rate is collected for the planting area, a soil infiltration evaluation coefficient reflecting the soil infiltration and density degree of the planting area is generated, the soil layering density evaluation coefficient and the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient are subjected to fitting analysis, a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient is generated, the water and fertilizer accurate application degree is judged through the soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient, workers are assisted in judging the water and fertilizer application accuracy level, and vegetable planting is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable planting, in particular to a vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision method and device.
Background
Vegetable planting refers to agricultural activities in which various vegetables are planted in a farmland, greenhouse, or other planting environment. When planting vegetables in multiple places in farmland, the staff needs to accurately apply the water and fertilizer required by vegetable growth, and the soil is kept in a good water and fertilizer concentration state, but because the root length of the vegetables is limited, the water and fertilizer on the upper layer in the soil are only absorbed, so that the density of the soil on the lower layer is uneven with that of the soil on the upper layer, the water and fertilizer in the soil is influenced by the density of the soil, the water and fertilizer concentration is hard to accurately control, meanwhile, the root and stem of the vegetables has an absorption effect on the water and fertilizer, and the soil has a penetration effect on the water, so that the water and fertilizer concentration can be influenced, and the staff can not judge whether the water and fertilizer are accurately applied to the soil.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the disclosure and therefore it may include information that does not form the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for accurately controlling dynamic decision of water and fertilizer for vegetables, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, obtaining Numbering the vegetable finished product, collecting the root length, and generating the average length of the vegetable root;
s2, dividing the planting area into equal areas Collecting cylindrical soil samples of each sub-region, numbering the cylindrical soil samples, uniformly dividing each cylindrical soil sample into two layers of sub-sample soil from top to bottom, respectively weighing the two layers of sub-sample soil, performing correlation analysis to generate a soil mass ratio, performing correlation analysis to the soil mass ratio to generate an average mass ratio, performing correlation analysis to the soil mass ratio and the average mass ratio, and generating a mass ratio variance;
S3, carrying out correlation analysis on the average mass ratio, the vegetable rhizome length variance and the mass ratio variance to generate a soil layering density evaluation coefficient;
s4, collecting a central annular cylindrical soil sample of the planting area, and collecting the soil permeability rate according to the annular cylindrical soil sample;
s5, performing correlation analysis on the soil permeability to generate a soil infiltration evaluation coefficient;
S6, performing correlation analysis on the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient and the soil layering density evaluation coefficient, generating a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient of a planting area, comparing the soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient with a threshold value, and outputting a vegetable water and fertilizer application accurate grade.
Further, the saidNot less than 30, the firstRoot length of vegetableExpressed in cm, relative to the length of the vegetable rootstockPerforming correlation analysis to obtain average length of vegetable rhizome according to the formulaPerforming correlation analysis on the average length of the vegetable rootstock and the length of the vegetable rootstock to generate a vegetable rootstock length variance, wherein the formula is as follows: Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein, Is the average length of the root and stem of the vegetable,The root length variance of the vegetables.
Further, in the step S2, the cylindrical soil sample is collected by using a ring cutter, and the diameter of the cylindrical soil sample is 2 cm, and the height of the cylindrical soil sample is 2 cmCm, the formula used is:。
further, the bottom soil mass and the upper soil mass of each columnar soil sample after layering are respectively weighed, and the ratio of the bottom soil mass to the upper soil mass is recorded as The soil mass ratioSubscript of (2)Represent the firstA block sub-region; carrying out correlation analysis on the soil mass ratio to generate an average mass ratio, wherein the formula is as follows: performing correlation analysis on the soil mass ratio and the average mass ratio to generate a mass ratio variance, wherein the formula is as follows: wherein In order to be an average mass ratio,The average mass ratio reflects the soil hardness gradient of the subareas, and the mass ratio variance reflects the density change uniformity of the upper and lower layers of the soil of the planting area.
Further, in the step S3, a correlation analysis is performed on the average mass ratio, the vegetable rhizome length variance and the mass ratio variance, and a soil layering density evaluation coefficient is generated according to the following formula: wherein The coefficients are evaluated for the soil stratification density,As the hardness factor of the soil, the soil is provided with a plurality of soil hardness factors,The range of the values is as followsThe soil layering density evaluation coefficient reflects the influence of soil hardness layering of a planting area and the distribution of vegetable rootstock on the soil fertilizer amount.
Further, in the step S4, the outer diameter of the annular cylindrical soil sample is 10 cm, the inner diameter is 5 cm, and the height isCm.
Further, in the step S4, the annular column-shaped soil sample is fixedly placed in an annular column-shaped container C with a filter screen at the bottom, clean water with the same volume as the annular column-shaped soil sample is injected into the container C, then the clean water is continuously injected into the container C through a scale container D, so that the clean water level in the container C is kept unchanged, and the time is recorded in the container DVariable fresh water consumption; wherein the consumption of clear waterIndicating time of dayWhen the amount of the clear water in the container D is lost,In units of seconds(s),In milliliters.
Further, the soil penetration rate includes a soil initial penetration rate and a soil stabilization penetration rate, and the soil penetration rate is adjusted with time in the container DVariable fresh water consumptionPerforming correlation analysis to generate soil initial infiltration rateAnd soil steady infiltration rateThe formula is as follows: wherein, For the time when the consumption of fresh water in the container D is stable,For the clear water consumption amount when the clear water consumption in the container D is stable, the soil initial seepage rateReflects the water permeation rate and the soil steady permeation rate when the soil water is unsaturatedThe water penetration rate at which the soil is saturated with water is reflected.
Further, the soil infiltration rate is improvedAnd soil steady infiltration ratePerforming correlation analysis to generate soil infiltration evaluation coefficientsThe formula is as follows:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of As soil water penetration factors, the soil infiltration evaluation coefficients reflect comprehensive evaluation coefficients of soil infiltration and density degree of the planting area;
Performing correlation analysis on the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient and the soil layering density evaluation coefficient to generate a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient of a planting area The formula is as follows:；
accurately applying soil water and fertilizer to evaluate coefficients And threshold valueComparing whenWhen the soil water and fertilizer application precision rate is expressed as a first level; when (when)When the soil water and fertilizer application precision rate is represented as a second level; when (when)And when the soil water and fertilizer application precision rate is three-level.
The invention also provides a vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision device, which is used for executing a vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision method, and comprises the following steps:
the regional division module is used for dividing the planting region into equal areas A block sub-region;
The first acquisition module is used for acquiring the data of the first data, the first acquisition module is used for acquiring Vegetable root length of the finished vegetable product;
The first analysis module is used for performing correlation analysis on the lengths of the vegetable roots and stems and generating average lengths of the vegetable roots and variances of the lengths of the vegetable roots and stems;
The second acquisition module is used for acquiring the information divided by the area dividing module The column-shaped soil samples in the block subareas are vertically placed, and are evenly divided into two layers of sub-sample soil from top to bottom and respectively weighed;
the second analysis module is used for carrying out ratio treatment on the soil quality of the two layers of subsamples to generate a soil quality ratio, carrying out correlation analysis on the soil quality ratio to generate an average quality ratio, carrying out correlation analysis on the soil quality ratio and the average quality ratio to generate a quality ratio variance, and carrying out correlation analysis on the average quality ratio, the vegetable rhizome length variance and the quality ratio variance to generate a soil layering density evaluation coefficient;
The third acquisition module is used for acquiring a central annular column-shaped soil sample of the planting area and acquiring the soil permeability rate according to the annular column-shaped soil sample;
The third analysis module is used for performing correlation analysis on the soil permeability and generating a soil infiltration evaluation coefficient;
The comprehensive analysis module is used for carrying out correlation analysis on the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient and the soil layering density evaluation coefficient to generate a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient of a planting area;
the comparison module is used for comparing the soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient with a threshold value and outputting the vegetable water and fertilizer application accurate grade.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the method, soil density transverse-longitudinal distribution, soil water permeability and vegetable rhizome parameters are comprehensively considered for the first time, vegetable rhizome length is collected to generate vegetable rhizome average length rhizome length variance, soil samples are collected to generate soil layering density assessment coefficients reflecting the influences of soil hardness layering of a planting area and distribution of vegetable rhizomes on soil fertilizer amount, meanwhile, soil permeability is collected for the planting area to generate soil infiltration assessment coefficients reflecting the soil water permeability and density degree of the planting area, the soil layering density assessment coefficients and the soil infiltration assessment coefficients are subjected to fitting analysis to generate soil water and fertilizer accurate application assessment coefficients, the soil water and fertilizer accurate application assessment coefficients are collected to judge the water and fertilizer application accurate degree, and workers are assisted in judging the water and fertilizer application accurate level, so that vegetable planting is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the overall method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overall device system module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
It is to be noted that unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein should be taken in a general sense as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are used only to indicate a relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed accordingly.
Examples:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
A dynamic decision method for controlling precise water and fertilizer for vegetables is provided, which requires precise application of water and fertilizer during the growth period of vegetables. Wherein, the water fertilizer in the soil drifts under the influence of soil density pores; the rootstalk has an absorption effect on the water and fertilizer, and affects the concentration; soil has a penetrating effect on moisture. Therefore, the accurate control of the water and fertilizer in the soil needs to comprehensively consider the density distribution of the soil, the penetration depth of vegetable rootstock and the water penetration rate of the soil, and the specific steps of the invention comprise:
Step 1: acquisition of And (3) a vegetable finished product, wherein the vegetable finished product is a state of the vegetable after a growth period. Numbering the vegetable roots and stems and collecting the lengths of the vegetable roots and stems to generate average lengths of the vegetable roots and stems;
The said Not less than 30, the firstRoot length of vegetableExpressed in cm, relative to the length of the vegetable rootstockPerforming correlation analysis to generate the average length of vegetable rootstocks, wherein the formula is as follows: performing correlation analysis on the average length of the vegetable rootstock and the length of the vegetable rootstock to generate a vegetable rootstock length variance, wherein the formula is as follows: Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein, Is the average length of the root and stem of the vegetable,The root length variance of the vegetables.
Step 2: dividing planting areas into equal areasThe block subareas, the cylindrical soil samples of each subarea are collected by using a cutting ring, the diameter of the cylindrical soil samples is 2 cm, and the height of the cylindrical soil samples is 2 cmCm, wherein: Numbering the cylindrical soil samples, vertically placing each cylindrical soil sample, uniformly dividing each cylindrical soil sample into two layers of sub-sample soil from top to bottom, respectively weighing, performing correlation analysis to generate a soil mass ratio, performing correlation analysis to the soil mass ratio to generate an average mass ratio, and performing correlation analysis to the soil mass ratio and the average homogeneity ratio to generate a mass ratio variance;
Respectively weighing the bottom soil mass and the upper soil mass of each cylindrical soil sample after layering, and recording the ratio of the bottom soil mass to the upper soil mass as The soil mass ratioSubscript of (2)Represent the firstA block sub-region; carrying out correlation analysis on the soil mass ratio to generate an average mass ratio, wherein the formula is as follows: performing correlation analysis on the soil mass ratio and the average mass ratio to generate a mass ratio variance, wherein the formula is as follows: wherein In order to be an average mass ratio,The average mass ratio reflects the gradient change amplitude of the soil hardness of the subarea, and the mass ratio variance reflects the uniformity of the density change of the upper layer and the lower layer of the soil of the planting areaThe smaller the numerical value of the fertilizer is, the more uniform the density of the upper layer and the lower layer of the soil in the planting area is, the more uniform the fertilizer permeation is, the more convenient the control of the amount of the fertilizer applied to the soil by the staff is, and the accuracy of the fertilizing addition amount is improved.
Step 3: performing correlation analysis on the average mass ratio, the vegetable rhizome length variance and the mass ratio variance to generate a soil layering density evaluation coefficient;
Carrying out correlation analysis on the average mass ratio, the vegetable rhizome length variance and the mass ratio variance to generate a soil layering density evaluation coefficient, wherein the formula is as follows: wherein The coefficients are evaluated for the soil stratification density,As the hardness factor of the soil, the soil is provided with a plurality of soil hardness factors,The range of the values is as followsThe soil layering density evaluation coefficient reflects the influence of soil hardness layering of a planting area and the distribution of vegetable rootstock on the soil fertilizer amount.
The larger the vegetable rhizome length variance is, the more uneven the vegetable rhizome length is, the more discrete the soil fertilizer is absorbed by the rhizome, so that the soil fertilizer content distribution is discrete, the accurate fertilizer application amount is affected by staff, the density distribution uniformity in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the soil is reflected by the average mass ratio and the mass ratio variance, the larger the numerical value is, the more uneven the fertilizer distribution is, the more discrete the fertilizer distribution is, the accurate control of the applied fertilizer by the staff is inconvenient, and therefore, the larger the numerical value of the soil layering density evaluation coefficient is, the more difficult the staff is to apply the accurate fertilizer.
Step 4: collecting a central annular cylindrical soil sample of a planting area, wherein the outer diameter of the annular cylindrical soil sample is 10 cm, the inner diameter is 5 cm, and the height isCentimeter, and collecting the soil permeation rate according to the annular column soil sample;
The specific method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of fixedly placing a circular cylindrical soil sample in a circular cylindrical container C with a filter screen at the bottom, injecting clean water with the same volume as the circular cylindrical soil sample into the container C, continuously injecting the clean water into the container C through a scale container D, keeping the clean water level in the container C unchanged, and recording the time in the container D Variable fresh water consumption; wherein the consumption of clear waterIndicating time of dayWhen the amount of the clear water in the container D is lost,In units of seconds(s),In milliliters.
Step 5: performing correlation analysis on the soil permeability to generate a soil infiltration evaluation coefficient;
the soil permeation rate comprises a soil initial permeation rate and a soil stabilization permeation rate, and the soil permeation rate is equal to the soil stabilization permeation rate in the container D along with time Variable fresh water consumptionPerforming correlation analysis to generate soil initial infiltration rateAnd soil steady infiltration rateThe formula is as follows: wherein, For the time when the consumption of fresh water in the container D is stable,For the clear water consumption amount when the clear water consumption in the container D is stable, the soil initial seepage rateReflects the water permeation rate and the soil steady permeation rate when the soil water is unsaturatedThe water penetration rate at which the soil is saturated with water is reflected.
Rate of soil incipient penetrationAnd soil steady infiltration ratePerforming correlation analysis to generate soil infiltration evaluation coefficientsThe formula is as follows:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is the soil water penetration factor, the water permeability is high,The range of the values is as followsThe soil infiltration evaluation coefficient reflects the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the soil infiltration and density degree of the planting area;
Performing correlation analysis on the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient and the soil layering density evaluation coefficient to generate a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient of a planting area The formula is as follows:。
Step 6: and performing correlation analysis on the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient and the soil layering density evaluation coefficient to generate a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient of a planting area, comparing the soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient with a threshold value, and outputting a vegetable water and fertilizer application accurate grade.
Accurately applying soil water and fertilizer to evaluate coefficientsAnd threshold valueComparing, thresholdSet to 34.5 whenWhen the soil water and fertilizer application precision rate is expressed as a first level; when (when)When the soil water and fertilizer application precision rate is represented as a second level; when (when)And when the soil water and fertilizer application precision rate is three-level.
Referring to fig. 2, the invention further provides a vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision device, which is used for executing a vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision method, comprising:
the regional division module is used for dividing the planting region into equal areas A block sub-region;
The first acquisition module is used for acquiring the data of the first data, the first acquisition module is used for acquiring Vegetable root length of the finished vegetable product;
The first analysis module is used for performing correlation analysis on the lengths of the vegetable roots and stems and generating average lengths of the vegetable roots and variances of the lengths of the vegetable roots and stems;
The second acquisition module is used for acquiring the information divided by the area dividing module The column-shaped soil samples in the block subareas are vertically placed, and are evenly divided into two layers of sub-sample soil from top to bottom and respectively weighed;
the second analysis module is used for carrying out ratio treatment on the soil quality of the two layers of subsamples to generate a soil quality ratio, carrying out correlation analysis on the soil quality ratio to generate an average quality ratio, carrying out correlation analysis on the soil quality ratio and the average quality ratio to generate a quality ratio variance, and carrying out correlation analysis on the average quality ratio, the vegetable rhizome length variance and the quality ratio variance to generate a soil layering density evaluation coefficient;
The third acquisition module is used for acquiring a central annular column-shaped soil sample of the planting area and acquiring the soil permeability rate according to the annular column-shaped soil sample;
The third analysis module is used for performing correlation analysis on the soil permeability and generating a soil infiltration evaluation coefficient;
The comprehensive analysis module is used for carrying out correlation analysis on the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient and the soil layering density evaluation coefficient to generate a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient of a planting area;
the comparison module is used for comparing the soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient with a threshold value and outputting the vegetable water and fertilizer application accurate grade.
Accurately applying soil water and fertilizer to evaluate coefficientsAnd threshold valueComparing, thresholdSet to 34.5 whenWhen the soil water and fertilizer application accuracy is expressed as one level, the soil water and fertilizer application accuracy is expressed as more than 95%; when (when)When the soil water and fertilizer application accuracy is expressed as two levels, the soil water and fertilizer application accuracy is expressed as 70-95%; when (when)When the soil water and fertilizer application accuracy is three-level, the soil water and fertilizer application accuracy is lower than 70%. Wherein, the soil water and fertilizer is accurately applied with an evaluation coefficientThe larger the value of (2) is, the higher the water and fertilizer application accuracy is.
The above formulas are all formulas with dimensions removed and numerical values calculated, the formulas are formulas with a large amount of data collected for software simulation to obtain the latest real situation, and preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.
The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination. When implemented in software, the above-described embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. The vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, obtaining Numbering the vegetable finished product, collecting the root length, and generating the average length of the vegetable root;
s2, dividing the planting area into equal areas Collecting cylindrical soil samples of each sub-region, numbering the cylindrical soil samples, uniformly dividing each cylindrical soil sample into two layers of sub-sample soil from top to bottom, respectively weighing the two layers of sub-sample soil, performing correlation analysis to generate a soil mass ratio, performing correlation analysis to the soil mass ratio to generate an average mass ratio, performing correlation analysis to the soil mass ratio and the average mass ratio, and generating a mass ratio variance;
S3, carrying out correlation analysis on the average mass ratio, the vegetable rhizome length variance and the mass ratio variance to generate a soil layering density evaluation coefficient;
s4, collecting a central annular cylindrical soil sample of the planting area, and collecting the soil permeability rate according to the annular cylindrical soil sample;
s5, performing correlation analysis on the soil permeability to generate a soil infiltration evaluation coefficient;
S6, performing correlation analysis on the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient and the soil layering density evaluation coefficient to generate a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient of a planting area, comparing the soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient with a threshold value, and outputting a vegetable water and fertilizer application accurate grade;
The said Not less than 30, the firstRoot length of vegetableExpressed in cm, relative to the length of the vegetable rootstockPerforming correlation analysis to generate the average length of vegetable rootstocks, wherein the formula is as follows: performing correlation analysis on the average length of the vegetable rootstock and the length of the vegetable rootstock to generate a vegetable rootstock length variance, wherein the formula is as follows: Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein, Is the average length of the root and stem of the vegetable,The root length variance of the vegetable is;
In the step S2, a ring cutter is used for collecting the cylindrical soil sample, the diameter of the cylindrical soil sample is 2 cm, and the height of the cylindrical soil sample is Cm, the formula used is:；
Respectively weighing the bottom soil mass and the upper soil mass of each cylindrical soil sample after layering, and recording the ratio of the bottom soil mass to the upper soil mass as The soil mass ratioSubscript of (2)Represent the firstA block sub-region; carrying out correlation analysis on the soil mass ratio to generate an average mass ratio, wherein the formula is as follows: performing correlation analysis on the soil mass ratio and the average mass ratio to generate a mass ratio variance, wherein the formula is as follows: wherein In order to be an average mass ratio,The average mass ratio reflects the soil hardness gradient of the subareas, and the mass ratio variance reflects the density change uniformity of the upper and lower layers of the soil of the planting area;
in the step S3, performing correlation analysis on the average mass ratio, the vegetable rhizome length variance and the mass ratio variance to generate a soil layering density evaluation coefficient, wherein the formula is as follows: wherein The coefficients are evaluated for the soil stratification density,As the hardness factor of the soil, the soil is provided with a plurality of soil hardness factors,The range of the values is as followsThe soil layering density evaluation coefficient reflects the influence of soil hardness layering in a planting area and the distribution of vegetable rootstock on the soil fertilizer amount;
in S4, the annular cylindrical soil sample is fixedly placed in an annular cylindrical container C with a filter screen at the bottom, clean water with the same volume as the annular cylindrical soil sample is injected into the container C, then the clean water is continuously injected into the container C through a scale container D, so that the clean water level in the container C is kept unchanged, and the time in the container D is recorded Variable fresh water consumption; wherein the consumption of clear waterIndicating time of dayWhen the amount of the clear water in the container D is lost,In units of seconds(s),Is in milliliters;
the soil permeation rate comprises a soil initial permeation rate and a soil stabilization permeation rate, and the soil permeation rate is equal to the soil stabilization permeation rate in the container D along with time Variable fresh water consumptionPerforming correlation analysis to generate soil initial infiltration rateAnd soil steady infiltration rateThe formula is as follows: wherein, For the time when the consumption of fresh water in the container D is stable,For the clear water consumption amount when the clear water consumption in the container D is stable, the soil initial seepage rateReflects the water permeation rate and the soil steady permeation rate when the soil water is unsaturatedReflects the water penetration rate when the soil is saturated with water;
Rate of soil incipient penetration And soil steady infiltration ratePerforming correlation analysis to generate soil infiltration evaluation coefficientsThe formula is as follows:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of As soil water penetration factors, the soil infiltration evaluation coefficients reflect comprehensive evaluation coefficients of soil infiltration and density degree of the planting area;
Performing correlation analysis on the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient and the soil layering density evaluation coefficient to generate a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient of a planting area The formula is as follows:；
accurately applying soil water and fertilizer to evaluate coefficients And threshold valueComparing whenWhen the soil water and fertilizer application precision rate is expressed as a first level; when (when)When the soil water and fertilizer application precision rate is represented as a second level; when (when)And when the soil water and fertilizer application precision rate is three-level.
2. The vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the S4, the outer diameter of the annular cylindrical soil sample is 10 cm, the inner diameter is 5 cm, and the height isCm.
3. The vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision device is used for executing the vegetable accurate water and fertilizer control dynamic decision method as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the regional division module is used for dividing the planting region into equal areas A block sub-region;
The first acquisition module is used for acquiring the data of the first data, the first acquisition module is used for acquiring Vegetable root length of the finished vegetable product;
The first analysis module is used for performing correlation analysis on the lengths of the vegetable roots and stems and generating average lengths of the vegetable roots and variances of the lengths of the vegetable roots and stems;
The second acquisition module is used for acquiring the information divided by the area dividing module The column-shaped soil samples in the block subareas are vertically placed, and are evenly divided into two layers of sub-sample soil from top to bottom and respectively weighed;
the second analysis module is used for carrying out ratio treatment on the soil quality of the two layers of subsamples to generate a soil quality ratio, carrying out correlation analysis on the soil quality ratio to generate an average quality ratio, carrying out correlation analysis on the soil quality ratio and the average quality ratio to generate a quality ratio variance, and carrying out correlation analysis on the average quality ratio, the vegetable rhizome length variance and the quality ratio variance to generate a soil layering density evaluation coefficient;
The third acquisition module is used for acquiring a central annular column-shaped soil sample of the planting area and acquiring the soil permeability rate according to the annular column-shaped soil sample;
The third analysis module is used for performing correlation analysis on the soil permeability and generating a soil infiltration evaluation coefficient;
The comprehensive analysis module is used for carrying out correlation analysis on the soil infiltration evaluation coefficient and the soil layering density evaluation coefficient to generate a soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient of a planting area;
the comparison module is used for comparing the soil water and fertilizer accurate application evaluation coefficient with a threshold value and outputting the vegetable water and fertilizer application accurate grade.
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| CN103081624A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-08 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Partitioned management method of soil nutrients |
| CN108966729A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-11 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所（山东省农业科学院玉米工程技术研究中心） | A kind of characterization and evaluation method of Maize at Seedling Stage salt tolerance |
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| CN108966729A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-11 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所（山东省农业科学院玉米工程技术研究中心） | A kind of characterization and evaluation method of Maize at Seedling Stage salt tolerance |
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