CN118390548A - Combined supporting and retaining structure for road shoulder and steep slope and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a road shoulder and steep slope combined retaining structure, which belongs to the technical field of slope protection and mainly comprises a lattice beam embedded and fixed on a mountain slope surface, and a retaining wall connected with the lattice beam and respectively arranged at the slope top and the slope bottom of the mountain slope, wherein the retaining wall at the slope top is an anchor pile retaining wall, an anchor pile foundation of the anchor pile retaining wall is connected with a top beam of the lattice beam, an anchor rod of the anchor pile foundation is downwards inserted into a rock mass, and the anchor pile retaining wall and the lattice beam are respectively fixedly connected with the rock mass through a plurality of anchor rods which are downwards pulled in an inclined manner; and a water draining hole is arranged in the anchor pile soil blocking, and the water draining hole is obliquely downwards arranged on the outer surface. The invention can effectively prevent landslide, is safe and reliable, and has good construction economy, simple process and rapid construction.

Description

Combined supporting and retaining structure for road shoulder and steep slope and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of slope protection construction, in particular to a road shoulder abrupt slope combined retaining structure and a construction method thereof.

Background

In the construction process of mountain roads, due to the limitation of terrains, the width of the roadbed is not enough to be wide, the space of peripheral ditches is not reserved, and when heavy rainfall occurs, rainwater can permeate into soil gaps from slopes, so that the strength of the soil is reduced, the roadbed becomes soft and even is hollowed out, and landslide is caused. Because the high steep side slope formed by the collapse of the road shoulder threatens the road traffic safety and the personal safety of pedestrians, effective measures are needed to solve the problems of the collapse of the road shoulder and the slippage of the high steep side slope so as to ensure the safety and the trafficability of the road.

At present, common reinforcement measures of the side slopes at the road shoulder positions of mountain areas comprise slope setting treatment, retaining wall support, anti-slide piles and the like; the slope releasing treatment needs to destroy the original highway and the mountain in the slope releasing treatment, so that the original topography and landform are seriously destroyed, and the treatment engineering quantity is greatly increased. The retaining wall is adopted to support the wall body, the wall body is required to be thick and high, the construction difficulty is high at the position of the road shoulder, the slope is loaded, and the stability of the slope cannot be guaranteed. The steel pipe pile is used as a single-point support, and for a steep road shoulder, the stability of the steel pipe pile may be insufficient to support the whole steep road shoulder, especially when the risk of slope slippage is high. In addition, considering the length of the steep slope of the road shoulder, the use of the steel pipe pile requires higher cost, and meanwhile, the construction of the steel pipe pile on the steep slope road shoulder has the problems of high construction difficulty, complex process and the like, and additional support and safety measures are required.

Therefore, finding a combined retaining structure capable of effectively preventing the steep slope of the road shoulder from being unstable and researching a construction method with simple construction process, good stability and low economic cost is a problem to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is how to improve the stability of slopes such as road shoulder steep slopes and the like, and to better prevent landslide.

In order to achieve the above object, a person skilled in the art adopts the following technical scheme: the combined supporting and retaining structure for the steep slope of the road shoulder comprises a lattice beam which is embedded and fixed on the slope surface of a mountain side slope, and a retaining wall which is connected with the lattice beam and is respectively arranged at the slope top and the slope bottom of the mountain side slope, wherein the retaining wall at the slope top is an anchor pile retaining wall, an anchor pile foundation of the anchor pile retaining wall is connected with a top beam of the lattice beam, an anchor rod of the anchor pile foundation is downwards inserted into a rock mass, and the anchor pile retaining wall and the lattice beam are respectively fixedly connected with the rock mass through a plurality of anchor rods which are downwards pulled in an inclined manner; and a water draining hole is arranged in the anchor pile soil blocking, and the water draining hole is obliquely downwards arranged on the outer surface.

Further, the anchor pile retaining wall is vertical to the road surface adjacent to the upper part of the anchor pile retaining wall, the anchor pile retaining wall clings to the slope, and broken stone and concrete are filled in the corresponding roadbed hollowed part; the top surface of the anchor pile retaining wall is provided with a concrete guardrail, and the concrete guardrail is arranged along the pavement in an extending way, wherein the concrete guardrail is arranged on the top surface of the anchor pile retaining wall;

The top of the anchor pile retaining wall is reserved with a steel bar end to be welded, and the steel bar end to be welded is welded with the steel bars in the concrete guardrail.

Further, the reinforcement cage of the anchor pile retaining wall is welded and fixed with the corresponding anchor rod; and a plurality of expansion joints are respectively arranged on the retaining wall and the concrete guardrail along the path direction.

Further, the inclination angles of the anchor rods on the lattice beams and the anchor pile retaining walls and the horizontal line are 15 degrees.

Further, the pipe hole of the drain pipe is used as the drain hole, a notch is formed in the upper side of the drain pipe along the inclined direction, a permeable cover fully distributed with the water holes is embedded in the notch, bent flanges are arranged at two ends of the permeable cover, the flanges are embedded in end faces of two sides of an opening of the notch, and a V-shaped plate structure is arranged between two ends of the permeable cover.

Further, a push plate is installed at the inner end of the drain pipe in a sliding fit along the axial direction of the drain pipe, and the push plate can push out the building slag scraps accumulated in the drain pipe.

Further, the push plate is connected by a connecting rod, and the connecting rod axially slides in the drain pipe to bring out the push plate.

Meanwhile, the invention also provides a construction method of the road shoulder abrupt slope combined retaining structure, which is based on the implementation of the structure and mainly comprises the following steps:

Flattening a steep slope to be constructed, digging out a foundation of the anchor pile retaining wall, digging a stable soil layer when digging, and determining the elevation of the anchor pile foundation;

Step two, constructing a toe retaining wall, wherein the burying depth of the retaining wall is 1.5m, determining the width and the height according to toe retaining wall checking calculation, pouring in layers, and determining the top elevation of the toe retaining wall;

step three, determining the bottom and top positions of the lattice beams according to the elevation of the top of the toe retaining wall and the elevation of the foundation of the anchor pile, and adjusting according to the current situation of the slope;

Pouring an anchor pile foundation after the construction of the slope anchor rod is completed, drilling an anchor pile after hardening, constructing a wall back anchor rod of an anchor pile retaining wall after the drilling of the anchor pile is completed, directly connecting the anchor rod of the anchor pile and the wall back anchor rod with the wall steel bar of the anchor pile retaining wall, and finally pouring concrete; and after the construction of all the anchor rods of the anchor pile retaining wall is completed, the lattice beam formwork and the reinforcement cage are installed synchronously.

Further, when constructing the anchor pile retaining wall foundation, the length of the anchor pile foundation is matched with the slope, all anchor piles are arranged in a quincuncial shape, the left and right intervals are consistent, the upper and lower intervals are consistent, and each row of anchor piles are welded together by screw steel;

The section of the lattice beam is square, the construction of the lattice beam adopts formwork cast-in-situ, internal steel bars are manufactured and installed on site, when concrete is cast, the distance between a discharge hole or the bottom of a guide pipe and the bottom of the beam is not more than 2.0m, a hole is formed by adopting an anchor rod drilling machine, and the hole forming aperture is not less than 110mm;

when an anchor hole is drilled, the drilling depth is 0.5m longer than the design length of the anchor rod, clear water is needed to clean the hole after the drilling is completed, sediment at the bottom of the hole is removed, a drill rod is quickly pulled out after the hole is cleaned, and then an anchor rod body is placed;

When the anchor rod is grouted, full-length grouting is adopted, the grouting material is glued by pure cement slurry, the grouting pipe and the anchor rod are simultaneously placed in the hole, and the grouting pipe is 50-100 mm away from the hole bottom.

Further, when the anchor rod and the steel bar are welded, one end of the anchor rod to be welded is inserted into the drilled anchor hole, the temporary installation position of the steel bar to be welded is adjusted, so that the steel bar to be welded and the other end of the anchor rod to be welded can be in cross contact, the anchor rod to be welded is pressed on the steel bar to be welded, the anchor rod to be welded and the steel bar to be welded are kept in relatively fixed contact, and then the contact part is welded.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following main beneficial effects: the reinforced bars and the anchor rods of the anchor pile retaining wall are connected, so that the lateral tensile capacity of the wall body is improved, meanwhile, the roadbed is stabilized, and the reinforced concrete guardrail is designed at the top of the wall to play roles of intercepting water and preventing collision. The organic whole is formed among the anchor pile anchor rod, the cement paste and the soil around the anchor pile, so that the strength, bending resistance, tensile resistance and other performances of the anchor pile retaining wall are improved. The bottom of the anchor pile retaining wall pile is connected with the lattice beam, the lower part of the lattice beam is connected with the slope bottom retaining wall, and the anchor pile retaining wall, the lattice beam and the slope bottom retaining wall form a combined retaining structure, so that the overall stability and the anti-skid capability of the structure are improved, the stability of the slope is greatly improved, and the safety and the trafficability of a road can be ensured.

The technical scheme of the invention has reliable process, obvious retaining effect on roadbeds and side slopes, high construction efficiency and low economic cost, so that the invention has wider applicability, and particularly has obvious application effects of mountain slopes, roadbed side slopes and the like, wherein the landslide, the top and the bottom of the mountain road are all on highways.

Additional positive effects, advantages, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the detailed description of the specific embodiments which follows, and in part will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from that description or recognized by practicing the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combined supporting and retaining structure of a steep slope of a road shoulder;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drain pipe;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the drain pipe;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the construction method of the combined supporting and retaining structure of the road shoulder and steep slope before the anchor rod and the steel bar are fixed by the positioning fixture;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the positioning fixture after the anchor rods and the steel bars are fixed.

The side slope 1, a road 2, a concrete guardrail 3, an anchor pile retaining wall 4, a water drain pipe 5, a lattice beam 6, a toe retaining wall 7, a steel bar anchor rod 8, a water collecting groove 9, a push plate 10, a connecting rod 11, a shaft sleeve 12, a locking cover 13, a positioning column 14, a locking pin 15, a sliding rod 16, a driving column 17, a mounting ring 18, a rotating ring 19, a strip-shaped sliding hole 20, a rotating handle 21, a crank arm 22, an elastic pressing arm 23, a guide hole 24, a tension spring 25, steel bars 26 to be welded and anchor rods 27 to be welded.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more apparent, the principle of the present invention will be explained in depth herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and at least one detailed embodiment. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described below are provided for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention to practice.

As a specific application example of the present invention, a combined supporting and retaining structure for a road shoulder and steep slope is described in detail, as shown in fig. 1, mainly including an anchor pile retaining wall 4, a plurality of anchor rods, a lattice beam 6, and a toe retaining wall 7, wherein the retaining wall at the top of the slope is the anchor pile retaining wall 4, i.e. the anchor piles are specially provided, the anchor piles are provided with anchor rods, cement grouting is required, and the anchor rods in this embodiment can directly adopt the steel bar anchor rods 8. Because the automobile running on the road 2 above the anchor pile retaining wall 4 belongs to dynamic load, and the self-load of the retaining wall is added, the sliding force is increased, so that a tensile resistance force is required to be added in the horizontal direction of the wall body, namely, several rows of anchor rods can be driven in the horizontal (or oblique) direction of the back of the anchor pile retaining wall 4, and the anchor rods are preferably obliquely arranged so as to effectively fix the retaining wall and protect road shoulders. In addition, the anchor pile retaining wall 4 is necessarily provided with reinforcing steel bars, the bottoms of the reinforcing steel bars are connected with anchor rods of the anchor piles, the backs of the reinforcing steel bars are connected with horizontal anchor rods, the reinforcing steel bars, the horizontal anchor rods and the horizontal anchor rods are connected together, and finally, the formwork is used for pouring concrete.

In the embodiment, the anchor pile retaining wall 4 is preferably flush with the corresponding road surface of the road 2, the steel bars are reserved on the anchor pile retaining wall, the concrete guardrail 3 is designed, and the vehicle can be out of control to rush to the lower side of the side slope 1 due to the position of the road 2 close to the steep slope edge of the road shoulder, so that the anti-collision pier plays roles of protecting the vehicle and intercepting water; in addition, the steel bars in the concrete guardrail 3 are connected with the anchor pile retaining wall 4 and are firmer than the common anti-collision piers.

As one of the specific implementation details, as shown in fig. 1, the lattice beam 6 is laid on the side slope 1, and the lattice beam 6 is also designed with anchor rods, which can bear the tensile force to firmly fix the lattice beam 6 on the side slope 1. The uppermost part of the lattice beam 6 is provided with a capping beam, the lower part of the lattice beam is provided with a foundation beam, the capping beam is connected with the top anchor pile retaining wall 4, and the foundation beam is connected with the toe retaining wall 7 to form a whole for supporting and retaining the side slope 1. Specifically, the anchor rod can adopt HRB spiral-line reinforcing steel bars, full-length grouting is adopted for grouting, pure cement paste is adopted for grouting materials, cement label PC42.5R, ordinary Portland cement and water-cement ratio are 0.45-0.50.

The lattice beam 6 adopts a reinforced concrete structure, a groove is formed according to design requirements before construction of the lattice beam, if a slope surface is found to be provided with a groove, M5.0 cement mortar is needed to be filled up, cement soil (the proportion of cement to soil is 1:4) can be adopted for backfilling when the pit is large, the lattice beam 6 cannot be separated from the slope surface, the construction of the lattice beam 6 adopts formwork casting, and the formwork is leveled and clean.

The buried depth ratio of the retaining wall is less than 1.2m, the top reserved steel bar connection foundation beam and the lattice beam 6 are connected together, the retaining wall is provided with a settlement joint and an expansion joint every 10m, the joint width is 20-30 mm, asphalt hemp threads are filled in the joints, the joints are stuffed along the three sides of the inner roof and the outer roof, and the depth is not less than 150mm. The retaining wall should be provided with drain holes, can directly adopt drain pipe 5 to realize, and the drain hole adopts phi 75PVC pipe pre-buried, and the mouth of pipe outwards inclines 5% slope, and the drain hole interval is 1.5X1.5 m, should set up 0.5X10.5X10.5 m after the hole and strain the package soon. The retaining wall substrate is hard plastic raw soil, and the foundation burial depth is determined according to the actual condition of on-site excavation. The retaining wall bearing layer is a residual layer or a fully weathered layer, and the foundation bearing capacity is not less than 160kPa. The retaining wall should be poured and backfilled in layers, and the construction height of each layer is not more than 2.0m.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 2-3, the design of the drain pipe 5 may be that a notch is provided on the upper side of the drain pipe 5 along the oblique direction, that is, the extending path of the notch is the oblique direction, and a water permeable cover fully covered with water holes is embedded in the notch so as to allow water to permeate into the drain pipe 5 to drain. The turn-ups that buckle are had at this cover both ends that permeates water, turn-ups are embedded in the opening both sides terminal surface of breach for the installation, and be the platelike structure of V type between the cover both ends that permeates water, and on the positive drain pipe 5's of pointed end of V type structure inner wall, have a sunken water collection groove 9, on the inside wall of the cover that permeates water of water collection groove 9 top, a plurality of holes of permeating water have been seted up bilateral symmetry, the hole of permeating water all extends downwards towards water collection groove 9 slant, then make the nearly all inflow of discharged water in water collection groove 9, then concentrate the discharge.

Because the water drain pipe 5 is provided with a notch, in order to prevent the water permeable cover from being damaged partially, building materials fall into the water drain pipe 5, as shown in fig. 3, a push plate 10 is installed at the inner end of the water drain pipe 5 in a sliding fit along the axial direction of the water drain pipe, the push plate 10 is fully provided with perforations so as to be permeable, and the shape of the push plate 10 is consistent with the cross section of the pipe hole of the water drain pipe 5, so that building residues in the water drain pipe 5 can be taken out when the water drain pipe 5 slides. In more detail, a connecting rod 11 may be fixed on the end surface of the push plate 10 perpendicularly thereto, one end of the connecting rod 11 close to the outer end of the drain pipe 5 is axially slidably mounted on a sleeve 12, the sleeve 12 is fixed on the inner wall of the pipe hole of the drain pipe 5, one end of the connecting rod 11 penetrating out of the sleeve 12 is pressed by a locking cover 13 screwed on the sleeve 12, so that the push plate 10 and the connecting rod 11 are axially pressed tightly to be fixed in the drain pipe 5 for convenient taking out in subsequent use.

In addition, as shown in fig. 3, the above structural design is summarized, one side of the sleeve 12 is fixed on the wall of the drain hole, one end of the sleeve 12 is provided with a conical thread, one end of the locking cover 13 is provided with a conical thread hole in threaded fit with one end of the sleeve 12, and the other end is provided with a central hole for the positioning column 14 at the end of the connecting rod 11 to axially pass through. The outer side wall of the locking cover 13 is also radially and elastically provided with a locking pin 15 in a telescopic manner, when the locking cover 13 is screwed on the shaft sleeve 12 in a threaded fit manner to the end face of the central hole and the end face of the connecting rod 11 to be in contact, so that when the connecting rod 11 is axially fixed, the locking pin 15 can just axially spring into a water passing hole on the water permeable cover to realize the function of fixing the water permeable cover, thereby preventing the water permeable cover from sliding downwards.

In order to perform actual construction operation on the combined supporting and retaining structure of the road shoulder and steep slope, the construction method of the combined supporting and retaining structure of the road shoulder and steep slope is also provided, as shown in fig. 1, in the application scene, the slope 1 is vertically a road 2, the slope 1 needs to be supported, the steep slope is firstly flattened during construction, an anchor pile retaining wall 4 foundation is excavated, a stable soil layer is excavated, overexcavation is avoided as much as possible, and the elevation of the anchor pile foundation is determined. And then constructing a toe retaining wall 7, burying the retaining wall by 1.5m, determining the width and the height according to the checking calculation of the retaining wall, pouring in layers, and determining the top elevation. And determining the bottom and the top of the lattice beam 6 according to the elevation of the top of the retaining wall and the elevation of the foundation of the anchor pile, and adjusting according to the current situation of the slope. And after the construction of the slope anchor rod is completed, pouring an anchor pile foundation, performing anchor pile drilling of the anchor pile foundation after hardening, performing wall back anchor rod construction of the anchor pile retaining wall 4 after the anchor pile drilling is completed, directly connecting the anchor rod of the anchor pile and the wall back anchor rod of the anchor pile retaining wall 4 with wall body steel bars, and finally pouring concrete, wherein after the anchor pile retaining wall 4 anchor rod construction is completed, the lattice beam 6 formwork and steel bar cage installation can be performed synchronously, so that the efficiency is improved.

In the embodiment, the foundation width of the anchor pile retaining wall 4 is 1m, the length is determined according to the slope, the anchor piles are arranged in a quincuncial shape, the left-right spacing is 2m, the upper-lower spacing is 0.5m, and each row of anchor piles are welded together by 18 cm screw steel. The two anchor rod reinforcing bars under each anchor pile adopt threaded reinforcing bars with the diameter of 25 cm, the anchor pile anchor rods are welded with retaining wall reinforcing cages together, the reinforcing cages adopt 16 cm threaded steel, the spacing is 0.5m, and the retaining wall horizontal main bars also adopt 16 cm threaded steel with the diameter and the spacing is 0.5m. The main rib and the back anchor rod are welded together, and all the welding is full-welded. The anchor pile retaining wall 4 is perpendicular to the road surface, clings to the slope surface, and the hollowed part of the roadbed is backfilled with broken stone and concrete. The top of the anchor pile retaining wall 4 is reserved with steel bars, the anchor pile retaining wall and the concrete guardrail 3 are welded together, the concrete guardrail 3 is 0.9m high, the top width is 0.2m, the bottom width is 0.4m, and an expansion joint is designed between the retaining wall and the concrete guardrail 3 every 10 m.

In this embodiment, if the drain hole of the anchor pile retaining wall 4 is directly embedded by adopting a PVC pipe, a PVC pipe with Φ75 may be adopted, the pipe opening is inclined outward by 5% of the gradient, the vertical spacing of the drain hole is 2m, the horizontal spacing is 3m, a reverse filtration bag with 0.5x0.5x0.5mis arranged behind the hole, the retaining wall is poured and backfilled in layers, and the construction height of each layer is not more than 2.0m.

In the embodiment, the cross section of the lattice beam 6 is square, the specification is 0.3mX0.3m, the lattice beam 6 is constructed by adopting a formwork for cast-in-situ, and the formwork is flat and clean, so that the requirements on strength and rigidity are met. The steel bars can be manufactured and installed on site, but the number and the configuration of the steel bars are determined according to the design, and the distance between a discharge hole or the bottom of a guide pipe and the bottom of a beam is not more than 2.0m when concrete is poured, so that the concrete is prevented from being isolated when falling. And (5) adopting an anchor rod drilling machine to form holes, wherein the pore diameter of the holes is not less than 110mm.

When the anchor rod is constructed, the allowable deviation of the drilling angle of the anchor hole is +/-2 degrees, the allowable deviation of the hole position is +/-1%, and the allowable deviation of the hole depth and the rod length is +/-50 mm. Before the rod body is put down, the anti-corrosion treatment should be carried out, and the anchor rod body should be straightened, derusted and deoiled before use. The depth of the drilled hole should exceed the design length of the anchor rod by 0.5m, clear water is needed to clean the hole after the drilling is completed, sediment at the bottom of the hole is removed, and the drill rod should be pulled out rapidly after the hole is cleaned, so as to place the anchor rod body.

Specifically, the full-length grouting is adopted in grouting of the anchor rod, the grouting material is bonded by pure cement paste, cement label PC42.5R, ordinary Portland cement, cement mortar is pure cement paste with a cement-cement ratio of 0.45-0.50, and the 28-day unconfined compressive strength of the slurry material is not lower than 30MPa. The grouting pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa, the grouting pipe and the anchor rod are simultaneously placed into the hole, the grouting pipe is about 50-100 mm away from the bottom of the hole, the bottom of the lattice beam 6 is connected with the toe retaining wall 7, and the foundation beam acts on the firmest part of the frame to ensure the best retaining effect.

In this embodiment, if the height of the toe retaining wall 7 is lower than 5m, no reinforcement is needed, the retaining wall should be provided with drainage holes, the drainage holes are pre-buried with PVC pipes of Φ75, the pipe orifice is inclined outward by 5% of gradient, the distance between the drainage holes is 1.5x1.5m, and the reverse filtration bag of 0.5x0.5x0.5mshould be arranged behind the holes. In addition, during construction, the retaining wall substrate is hard plastic raw soil, the foundation burial depth is determined according to the actual condition of on-site excavation, the retaining wall bearing layer is a residual layer or a fully weathered layer, and the foundation bearing capacity is not less than 160kPa.

In addition, it should be noted that in the above construction, for the anchor rod acceptance test number not less than 5% and not less than 3 of the total number, the lattice beam 6 is reserved for acceptance detection anchor rods, the anchor rod retaining wall 4 is reserved for detection anchor rods by pvc pipe sleeves, the anchor piles are directly stretched to the top, after the later detection is completed, redundant steel bars are cut off, and the hole is sealed by cement.

Finally, since the anchor rods are fixed to the reinforcing bars at all positions or the number of welded and fixed is very large in the whole construction operation, the special attention is required to avoid the extremely dangerous condition of cold joint, and the corresponding anchor rods 17 to be welded are required to be firmly and accurately contacted with the reinforcing bars 26 to be welded and then welded, so that the welding quality is ensured. In this embodiment, when the anchor rod and the steel bar are welded, one end of the anchor rod 27 to be welded is already inserted into the drilled anchor hole, at this time, the temporary installation position of the steel bar 26 to be welded needs to be adaptively adjusted according to the site situation, so that the steel bar 26 to be welded and the other end of the anchor rod 27 to be welded can be in cross contact, for example, the anchor rod at this time is placed on the upper surface of the steel bar, then the anchor rod 27 to be welded is pressed on the steel bar 26 to be welded, so that the two are kept in relatively fixed contact, and then the welder welds the contact part and then fixes the contact part together. Specifically, in practice, a positioning fixture may be used to implement pre-positioning of the steel bar and the anchor rod for quick and reliable construction, as shown in fig. 4-5, where the positioning fixture includes a plurality of sliding rods 16 arranged on a surface of a mounting ring 18 in an annular array, the sliding rods 16 may be made of rectangular steel bars, a driving post 17 is fixed on a surface of each sliding rod 16, where the driving post 17 may be a cylinder, and each driving post 17 extends into a bar-shaped sliding hole 20 on a rotating ring 19 in a sliding fit, and the bar-shaped sliding hole 20 may be an arc-shaped waist hole structure or a linear hole extending in an inclined path. The rotary ring 19 is coaxially and rotationally mounted on the end face of the mounting ring 18, a rotary handle 21 is fixed on one side of the rotary ring 19 for holding, a crank arm 22 is fixed on the other side of the rotary ring 19, the crank arm 22 is similar to a hook-shaped structure, the free end of the crank arm 22 is slidingly and cooperatively positioned in a guide hole 24 of an elastic pressing arm 23, the guide hole 24 can be a rectangular bar hole, and a tension spring 25 connected with each other is further arranged in the included angle area between the crank arm 22 and the elastic pressing arm 23 to limit the elastic pressing arm 23 and the crank arm 22 to a set included angle range in a normal state.

In actual operation, the anchor rod and the steel bar are further reinforced and installed after pre-positioning contact, namely the whole formed by the installation ring 18 and the rotating ring 19 is axially sleeved on the steel bar to be welded, the annular passing area formed by surrounding all sliding rods 16 at the moment is large, the whole positioning clamp can be easily sleeved on the steel bar 26 to be welded, then the elastic pressing arm 23 is pulled to be far away from the crank arm 22, then the elastic pressing arm 23 can be pressed on the steel bar in advance, the initial contact state of the anchor rod and the steel bar is maintained, at the moment, the elastic pressing arm 23 further presses the anchor rod to the position in pressing contact with the surface of the steel bar due to the pulling force of the tension spring 25, so that firm pre-contact positioning is realized, then the rotating handle 21 is rotated, the rotating ring 19 is rotated, all sliding rods 16 are synchronously moved axially to be close to the steel bar under the sliding fit of the driving post 17 and the bar sliding blocks, namely all sliding rods are synchronously closed towards the steel bar along the radial direction of the rotating ring 19, and finally the steel bar ring is clamped as shown in fig. 5. In the short process of clamping the steel bars, when the crank arm 22 rotates along with the rotating handle 21, the elastic pressing arm 23 is rotated and extruded in the guide hole 24, so that the elastic pressing arm 23 tightly presses the anchor rod on the surface of the steel bars which are clamped and fixed at the moment, the anchor rod is extruded towards the steel bars while the steel bars are clamped in the circumferential direction, and the anchor rod and the steel bars are firmly contacted in the real sense at the moment, thereby avoiding the influence on the firm reliability of welding due to loose and loose contact of the anchor rod and the steel bars during welding. In addition, it should be specifically noted that, in the case where there is no high requirement for the installation inclination of the anchor rod, the bar-shaped sliding block can be directly used for clamping the reinforcing steel bar, the elastic pressing arm is only required for pressing the anchor rod, the contact in advance at the initial moment of welding is not required, and for many times, not all the anchor rods are required to have an accurate installation angle, but only the anchor pile retaining wall can be pulled to be combined with the rock body for force transmission, for example, the anchor pile retaining wall can be pulled in a diagonal manner or can be pulled horizontally, so that no special requirement is required, and in the case, the installation and positioning before welding are quicker. In actual construction, the rotating disc can be driven in an electric mode, and the structure can be designed, manufactured and used in an adaptive mode by a person skilled in the art, so that the structure is more convenient to use in a general occasion.

Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting, and that a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application, as to specific examples of its application, is provided to assist those skilled in the art in fully understanding the design concept of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application. For the detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application, those skilled in the art should make simple modifications or equivalent changes to the technical solution of the present application based on the preferred embodiments, but the core technical principles thereof should be covered in the protection scope of the present application as embodied in the claims without departing from the technical spirit, design spirit and scope of application of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The combined supporting and retaining structure for the road shoulder and steep slope comprises a lattice beam (6) embedded and fixed on the surface of a mountain slope (1) and retaining walls connected with the lattice beam (6) and respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the mountain slope (1), wherein the retaining wall at the top of the mountain slope is an anchor pile retaining wall (4), an anchor pile foundation of the anchor pile retaining wall (4) is connected with a top beam of the lattice beam (6), and the anchor pile foundation, the anchor pile retaining wall (4) and the lattice beam (6) are fixedly connected with a rock body through a plurality of anchor rods; and a water draining hole is arranged in the anchor pile soil blocking, and the water draining hole is obliquely downwards arranged on the outer surface.

2. The combined supporting and retaining structure for the road shoulder and steep slope according to claim 1, wherein the anchor pile retaining wall (4) is vertical to the road surface adjacent to the upper part of the road shoulder and steep slope, the anchor pile retaining wall (4) is closely attached to the slope, and the corresponding roadbed hollowed part is filled with broken stone and concrete; the top surface of the anchor pile retaining wall (4) is provided with a concrete guardrail (3), and the concrete guardrail (3) is arranged along the pavement in an extending way, wherein;

The top of the anchor pile retaining wall (4) is reserved with a steel bar end to be welded, and the steel bar end to be welded is welded with steel bars in the concrete guardrail.

3. The combined road shoulder and steep slope retaining structure according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement cage of the anchor pile retaining wall (4) is welded and fixed with the corresponding anchor rod; the retaining wall and the concrete guardrail (3) are respectively provided with a plurality of expansion joints along the path direction.

4. The combined road shoulder and steep slope retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclination angles of the anchor rods on the lattice beam (6) and the anchor pile retaining wall (4) and the horizontal line are 15 degrees.

5. The combined supporting and retaining structure for road shoulders and steep slopes according to claim 1, wherein the pipe hole of the water drain pipe (5) is used as the water drain hole, a notch is formed in the upper side of the water drain pipe (5) along the inclined direction, a permeable cover fully distributed with the water drain hole is embedded in the notch, bent flanges are arranged at two ends of the permeable cover, the flanges are embedded in end faces of two sides of an opening of the notch, and a V-shaped plate structure is arranged between two ends of the permeable cover.

6. The combined road and shoulder steep slope supporting and retaining structure according to claim 5, characterized in that a push plate (10) is installed at the inner end of the drain pipe (5) in a sliding fit along the axial direction of the drain pipe, and the push plate (10) can push out building slag scraps gathered in the drain pipe (5) outwards.

7. The combined road and shoulder steep slope supporting and retaining structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the push plate (10) is connected by a connecting rod (11), and the connecting rod (11) slides axially in the drain pipe (5) to bring out the push plate (10).

8. The construction method of the road shoulder abrupt slope combined retaining structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

flattening a steep slope to be constructed, digging out a foundation of the anchor pile retaining wall (4), digging a stable soil layer when digging, and determining the elevation of the anchor pile foundation;

Step two, constructing a toe retaining wall (7), determining the width and the height according to the checking calculation of the toe retaining wall (7), pouring in layers, and determining the top elevation of the toe retaining wall (7);

Determining the bottom and top positions of the lattice beams (6) according to the top elevation of the toe retaining wall (7) and the foundation elevation of the anchor piles, and adjusting according to the current situation of the slope;

Pouring an anchor pile foundation after the construction of the anchor rod of the slope is completed, drilling an anchor pile after hardening, constructing a wall back anchor rod of an anchor pile retaining wall (4) after the drilling of the anchor pile is completed, directly connecting the anchor rod of the anchor pile and the wall back anchor rod with wall steel bars of the anchor pile retaining wall (4), and finally pouring concrete; after all anchor rods of the anchor pile retaining wall (4) are constructed, the formwork supporting of the lattice beam (6) and the installation of the reinforcement cage are synchronously carried out.

9. The construction method of the combined road shoulder and steep slope retaining structure according to claim 8, wherein the length of the anchor pile foundation is adapted to the slope surface when the foundation of the anchor pile retaining wall (4) is constructed, all anchor piles are arranged in a quincuncial shape, the left-right spacing is consistent, the up-down spacing is consistent, and each row of anchor piles are welded together by screw steel;

the section of the lattice beam (6) is square, the construction of the lattice beam (6) adopts formwork cast-in-situ, internal steel bars are manufactured and installed on site, when concrete is cast, the distance between a discharge hole or the bottom of a guide pipe and the bottom of the beam is not more than 2.0m, a bolter is adopted for forming holes, and the pore diameter of the formed holes is not less than 110mm;

when an anchor hole is drilled, the drilling depth is 0.5m longer than the design length of the anchor rod, clear water is needed to clean the hole after the drilling is completed, sediment at the bottom of the hole is removed, a drill rod is quickly pulled out after the hole is cleaned, and then an anchor rod body is placed;

When the anchor rod is grouted, full-length grouting is adopted, the grouting material is glued by pure cement slurry, the grouting pipe and the anchor rod are simultaneously placed in the hole, and the grouting pipe is 50-100 mm away from the hole bottom.

10. The construction method of the road shoulder steep slope joint retaining structure according to claim 8, characterized in that when the anchor rod and the steel bar are welded, one end of the anchor rod (27) to be welded is inserted into the drilled anchor hole, the temporary installation position of the steel bar (26) to be welded is adjusted so that the steel bar (26) to be welded can be in cross contact with the other end of the anchor rod (27) to be welded, then the anchor rod (27) to be welded is pressed on the steel bar (26) to be welded, the two are kept in relatively fixed contact together, and then the contact part is welded.