CN118357503B - Device for recycling new energy battery and application method thereof - Google Patents
Device for recycling new energy battery and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims description 26
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012285 ultrasound imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D19/00—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by rotary discs
- B23D19/08—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by rotary discs for special use, e.g. for cutting curves, for chamfering edges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D33/00—Accessories for shearing machines or shearing devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/248—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves using special electromagnetic means or methods
- B23Q17/249—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves using special electromagnetic means or methods using image analysis, e.g. for radar, infrared or array camera images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for recycling a new energy battery and a use method thereof, which belong to the field of battery recycling, and comprise a platform on which the battery is laid in a lying way, wherein the front end of the platform is provided with a detection station; the end cover is cut by the cutting mechanism; the detection module detects the structural weakness of the end cover; the control module adjusts the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism on the end cover according to the detection result of the detection module; the assembly line transfers the battery from the detection station to the platform; the structural weakness of the end cover is detected by using the detection module in the cutting device, and the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism is adjusted according to the detection result, so that the cutting mechanism can provide smaller cutting pressure when cutting the structural weakness of the end cover, the abrasion of the end cover to the cutting mechanism is weakened, meanwhile, the abrasion area of the cutting mechanism is reduced due to the fact that the cutting depth of the cutting mechanism is prevented from changing greatly when the cutting mechanism cuts the structural weakness, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery recovery, in particular to a device for recovering a new energy battery and a using method thereof.
Background
Blade batteries are a new battery design that aims to increase the energy density and charge-discharge efficiency of the battery by using large-sized pole pieces. In this design, the positive and negative materials of the cell are made in very thin sheets that are laminated together to form the core of the cell. Because the pole piece has a larger area, more active substances can be contained under the condition of the same volume, so that the overall performance of the battery is improved.
Chinese patent CN116871287B discloses a system, a method and a medium for recovering and sorting blade batteries, the system comprises a transfer device arranged at one end of a battery cutting device, a first end face cutting mechanism and a second end face cutting mechanism are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the top of the transfer device, the first end face cutting mechanism and the second end face cutting mechanism respectively cut off two end caps of the battery and anode materials and cathode materials in the two end caps, so as to distribute the battery materials to different sorting machines for sorting. The patent indicates that in the current blade battery, the hardness of the base material adopted by the end cover is much higher than that of the soft shell or the pole piece base material, the structural strength of the end cover is also higher, and serious abrasion condition can be generated after the cutter performs multiple end cover cutting operations, but no effective solution exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a device for recovering a new energy battery and a use method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the cutter is seriously worn due to the fact that the structural strength of the end cover of the existing blade battery is larger than that of a soft shell or a pole piece substrate.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a device for recycling new energy batteries, which comprises a platform, wherein the battery with end covers at the upper end and the lower end is laid on the platform in a lying way, and a detection station is arranged at the front end of the platform; the cutting mechanism is arranged on the platform and cuts the end cover; the detection module is used for detecting the structural weakness of the end cover; the control module is used for adjusting the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism on the end cover according to the detection result of the detection module; a pipeline; is disposed between the inspection station and the platform and transfers the battery from the inspection station to the platform.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the detection module comprises an ultrasonic generating and receiving device, and the ultrasonic generating and receiving device transmits ultrasonic waves to a battery entering the detection station and receives returned ultrasonic information to form an image; the power supply is provided with a power supply, connecting the anode and the cathode of the battery to enable the battery to charge and release heat; the thermal imaging camera is used for acquiring a thermal imaging image of the surface of the end cover; the control module comprises a data processing system, a control module and a control module, wherein the data processing system is used for preprocessing a received ultrasonic information image and a thermal imaging image, acquiring structural information in the end cover through the ultrasonic information image, acquiring a temperature abnormal area of the surface of the end cover through observing the temperature distribution condition of the surface of the end cover, and combining and analyzing the detection results of an ultrasonic technology and a thermal imaging technology to finish positioning, identifying and classifying the structural weaknesses of the end cover; the prediction model is established based on the correlation between the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism and the weaknesses of different types of end cover structures; after the data processing system locates, identifies and classifies the structural weakness of the end cover, the prediction model predicts according to the identification result and outputs a prediction result, and the prediction result is used for adjusting the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism.
Still more preferably, the device further comprises a holding mechanism; at least one window is arranged on the platform; the battery is arranged on the platform and the end cover is aligned with the window towards the side surface of the platform; the abutting mechanism is arranged in the window, and when the cutting mechanism contacts the side surface of the end cover, which is far away from the platform, and cuts the end cover, the abutting mechanism abuts against the side surface of the end cover, which faces the platform; the control module simultaneously adjusts the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism to the end cover and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism to the end cover according to the detection result of the detection module.
Still further preferably, the holding mechanism includes a movable portion disposed on the platform and below the window; the supporting part is arranged on the movable part and supports against the side surface of the end cover; one end of the screw rod is fixedly arranged on the supporting part, and the other end of the screw rod extends outwards along the direction of the window and penetrates through the movable part; one end of the sliding rod is fixedly arranged on the supporting part, and the other end of the sliding rod extends outwards along the direction of the window and penetrates through the movable part; the limiting piece is in threaded connection with the end part of the screw rod penetrating through the movable part and propping against the end surface of the movable part, which is far away from the propping part; the elastic piece is arranged between the movable part and the supporting part, and two ends of the elastic piece are respectively connected to the movable part and the supporting part; the movable part moves along the direction of the window relative to the platform, and adjusts the elastic pressure of the elastic piece to the abutting part.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a using method of the device for recycling the new energy battery, which adopts the device for recycling the new energy battery and comprises the following steps that S1, the battery is transferred to a detection station, and the structural weakness of the end cover is detected by a detection module; s2, the control module adjusts the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism on the end cover and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism on the end cover based on the prediction model according to the detection result given by the detection module; s3, cutting off the end cover from the end part of the battery through a cutting mechanism and recycling.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, step S1 includes the steps of S11, detecting the end cover by using an ultrasonic technology, obtaining structural information inside the end cover by reflection of ultrasonic waves and echo signals, and detecting defects inside the end cover; s12, connecting the anode and the cathode of the battery in a detection station, simultaneously carrying out infrared thermal imaging on the end cover by utilizing a thermal imaging technology, observing the temperature distribution condition of the surface of the end cover, and detecting a temperature abnormal region of the surface of the end cover; s13, selecting a plurality of end caps as samples, carrying out combined analysis on detection results of ultrasonic technology and thermal imaging technology of the samples of the end caps, completing positioning, identification and classification of structural weaknesses of the end caps, and establishing a correlation prediction model of the types of the structural weaknesses of the end caps, cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism and elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism.
Still more preferably, step S13 includes the steps of S131, preprocessing the acquired ultrasonic information images and thermoforming images of the plurality of end caps, eliminating noise in the images and highlighting features in the images; s132, the preprocessed image is sent to an intelligent machine learning algorithm for feature extraction, and the features are used for subsequent structural weakness recognition; s133, based on the extracted features, the machine learning algorithm classifies and identifies the images through a prediction model obtained through training, judges whether the internal structure of the end cover has structural weaknesses or not, classifies and positions the structural weaknesses, and outputs the identification result to the control module, so that the control module adjusts the cutting pressure and the elastic supporting force according to the type of the structural weaknesses in the identification result, and adjusts the cutting mechanism and the moving path of the supporting structure on the end cover according to the positioning information of the structural weaknesses in the identification result.
Still more preferably, the method for training the machine learning algorithm in step S133 to obtain the prediction model includes the following steps of S1331, collecting sample data including structural weakness characteristics of a plurality of end caps, extracting characteristics of structural weakness of each end cap, marking a first label for a cutting pressure of a corresponding cutting mechanism for each sample, marking a second label for an elastic holding force of a corresponding holding mechanism for each sample, and summarizing the characteristics of structural weakness of each end cap and the two labels into a dataset; s1332, dividing a data set into a training set and a test set by adopting a cross-validation method, training a prediction model by using the training set, adjusting parameters of the model according to characteristics in the training set and two corresponding labels to maximize classification accuracy, evaluating the trained prediction model by using the test set, evaluating generalization capability of the model to new data, and optimizing super parameters of the model according to a model evaluation result; s1333, applying the trained prediction model, and predicting the most suitable cutting pressure and elastic supporting force by using the model according to the weak point characteristics of the end cover structure detected in the step S131.
Still further preferably, in step S1331, the data set is represented as a matrix and comprises m samples, wherein each row represents the same sample and each column is the same feature, wherein the structural weakness characteristics of the end cap are represented by x (i), the first label is represented by y (i), the second label is represented by z (i), the data set can be represented as,
In step S1332, the weakness characteristics of the various end cap structures are distinguished by determining an optimal hyperplane, and mapping it to the various cutting pressure levels, expressed as an optimization problem,
subject toαy(i)z(i)(wTx(i)+b)≥1，for i＝1,2,3…,m
Wherein w is the normal vector of the hyperplane; b is the intercept of the hyperplane; the value of w is w is a norm of (2); lambda is a regularization parameter used for balancing the complexity and fitting effect of the model; alpha is a weight parameter for balancing the importance of cutting pressure and elastic holding force.
Based on the above technical solution, preferably, in step S2, it is determined whether a structural weakness exists at a contact portion of the cutting mechanism and the end cover according to a prediction result, and if not, the cutting mechanism is controlled to cut the contact portion by using a cutting pressure in an initial state; if the contact part has a structural weakness, the adjusting and cutting mechanism applies smaller cutting pressure to the structural weakness part of the end cover, and simultaneously reduces the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism to the end cover.
Compared with the prior art, the device for recycling the new energy battery and the using method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the structural weakness of the end cover is detected by using the detection module in the cutting device, and the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism is adjusted according to the detection result, so that the cutting mechanism provides smaller cutting pressure when cutting the structural weakness of the end cover, the abrasion of the end cover on the cutting mechanism is weakened, the larger change of the cutting depth when the cutting mechanism cuts the structural weakness is avoided, the abrasion area of the cutting mechanism is increased, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
(2) According to the invention, when the end cover is cut, the abutting part abuts against the other side surface of the end cover, and the elastic abutting force is reduced according to the reduction of the cutting pressure, or the elastic abutting force is increased according to the increase of the cutting pressure, so that the cutting mechanism is prevented from generating stronger hard contact with the end cover, the cutting force on the end cover is always consistent, and the abrasion on a cutter is facilitated to be weakened.
(3) According to the invention, the structural weakness of the end cover can be more accurately positioned and identified by combining the ultrasonic technology and the thermal imaging technology, an effective basis is provided for applying proper cutting pressure to the cutting mechanism, a machine learning algorithm is adopted to train a prediction model, the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism are automatically adjusted according to the structural weakness of the end cover in the detection result, the structural weakness of the end cover is positioned, identified and classified, the cutting parameters are adjusted according to the prediction model, the cutting process is optimized, the cutter abrasion is reduced, and the problems caused by structural change of the end cover in the cutting process are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the end cap cutting device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the invention at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of using the end cap cutting device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a battery; 11. an end cap; 2. a platform; 201. a window; 3. detecting a station; 4. a cutting mechanism; 5. a pipeline; 6. a holding mechanism; 61. a movable part; 62. a holding portion; 63. a screw; 64. a slide bar; 65. a limiting piece; 66. an elastic member.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for recovering the new energy battery of the invention comprises a platform 2, a cutting mechanism 4, a detection module, a control module and a production line 6.
The battery 1 is a blade battery, the shell of the battery is a soft shell, and the upper end and the lower end of the battery are provided with end covers 11, so that the structural strength of the end covers 11 is far greater than that of the soft shell and pole piece substrates in the soft shell. The battery is discharged through electrolytic reaction, and in the long-term use process of the waste battery, the end cover 11 can be damaged or even broken down due to short circuit or other reasons, so that structural weak points are generated, and the structural strength of the structural weak points is lower than that of the normal parts.
The battery 1 is laid on the platform 2 in a lying way, a cutting station is arranged on the platform 2, and a detection station 3 is arranged at the front end of the platform 2.
The cutting mechanism 4 is provided on the platform 2 and cuts the end cap 11. The cutting mechanism 4 employs a usual disc cutter, and the cutting mechanism 4 moves laterally from the side surface of the end cap 11 to cut, and the end cap 11 is cut by high-speed rotation of a circular blade.
The detection module detects structural weakness of the end cap 11. The invention detects a plurality of structural weaknesses on the end cover 11 through the detection module, and plans the cutting route of the cutting mechanism 4 according to the arrangement condition of the structural weaknesses; since the structural weakness of the end cap 11 is lower than the structural strength of the normal portion, planning the cutting path of the cutting mechanism 4 as much as possible through the structural weakness portion can cut the portion of the end cap 11 with a smaller cutting pressure and a shorter cutting time, and the damage caused to the cutter of the cutting mechanism 4 during the cutting process is also smaller.
However, the cutting pressure when the cutting mechanism 4 and the end cover 11 are kept released is too small, and it is difficult to generate enough cutting strength for the end cover 11, so the control module adjusts the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism 4 to the end cover 11 according to the detection result of the detection module, so that the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism 4 to the end cover 11 is kept within the adaptive range, and the cutting pressure is reduced as much as possible on the basis of being capable of effectively cutting the end cover 11.
A line 5 is provided between the inspection station 3 and the platform 2 and transfers the batteries 1 from the inspection station 3 to the platform 2. The assembly line 5 adopts a common conveyor belt, and the battery 1 is loaded and unloaded at each station by a manipulator.
In a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, the detection module comprises an ultrasonic generating and receiving device, a power supply and a thermal imaging camera, and the control module comprises a data processing system and a prediction model.
Wherein, the ultrasonic wave generating and receiving device transmits ultrasonic waves to the battery 1 entering the detection station 3 and receives the returned ultrasonic waves to form an ultrasonic wave information image. The ultrasonic technique can detect defects such as voids, cracks, looseness, etc. inside the end cover 11, so as to identify structural weaknesses of the end cover 11 later.
Positive power supply of power supply connection battery 1 the negative electrode releases heat from charging the battery 1. When the battery 1 is disassembled and recovered, the battery 1 is usually also powered on to determine whether it can be charged or discharged normally, so as to classify the waste battery 1.
The thermal imaging camera acquires a thermal imaging image of the surface of the end cap 11. The thermal imaging technology can detect abnormal temperature areas, such as local overheating or abnormal cooling, on the surface of the end cover 11 when the battery 11 is powered on, so as to find structural abnormality or defect of the end cover 11.
The data processing system preprocesses the received ultrasonic information image and thermal imaging image, obtains the internal structural information of the end cover 11 through the ultrasonic information image, obtains the temperature abnormal area of the surface of the end cover 11 by observing the temperature distribution condition of the surface of the end cover 11, and combines and analyzes the detection results of the ultrasonic technology and the thermal imaging technology to finish the positioning, identification and classification of the structural weaknesses of the end cover 11.
The prediction model is built based on the correlation between the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism 4 and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism 6 and the structural weaknesses of different types of end covers 11; after the data processing system locates, identifies and classifies the structural weakness of the end cover 11, the prediction model predicts according to the identification result and outputs a prediction result, and the prediction result is used for adjusting the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism 4 and the elastic holding force of the holding mechanism 6.
In a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, the technician finds that when placing the battery 1 on the platform 2 for cutting and pressing down the cutter of the cutting mechanism 4 for cutting, there is a hard contact between the cutter and the end cap 11; the waste battery 1 has structural deformation and other defects, so that the side surface of the end cover 11 may not be flat, the battery 1 has structural deformation due to impact, scratch, dirt, discharge perforation and other conditions, so that the side surface of the end cover 11 has some raised parts or twisting parts formed by structural extrusion, and the structural strength of the deformed parts is larger than that of the normal surface of the end cover 11, so that the cutter of the cutting mechanism 4 contacts the deformed parts to cause larger abrasion. For the above case, the present embodiment further includes the abutting mechanism 6.
Wherein, at least one window 201 is opened on the platform 2. The battery 1 is fixed in position by providing the positioning and fixing mechanism on the platform 2, so that the end cap 11 can be aligned with the window 201 toward the side surface of the platform 2 when the battery 1 is provided on the platform 2.
The holding mechanism 6 is provided in the window 201, and when the cutting mechanism 4 contacts the side surface of the end cap 11 facing away from the stage 2 and cuts the end cap 11, the holding mechanism 6 holds against the side surface of the end cap 11 facing the stage 2. The end cover 11 can be regarded as being clamped between the abutting mechanism 6 and the cutter of the cutting mechanism 4, and the abutting mechanism 6 is used for buffering the cutting pressure applied to the end cover 11 so as to weaken the hard contact between the cutter of the cutting mechanism 4 and the end cover 11; in the case where the cutting mechanism 4 cuts the structural weak point portion on the end cap 11, since the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism 4 is small, it is necessary to simultaneously reduce the elastic holding force of the holding mechanism 6 against the end cap 11, and vice versa.
The control module simultaneously adjusts the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism 4 to the end cover 11 and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism 6 to the end cover 11 according to the detection result of the detection module. The control module can adopt common control electric elements such as a singlechip and the like.
In a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 2, the supporting mechanism 6 includes a movable portion 61, a supporting portion 62, a screw 63, a sliding rod 64, a limiting member 65 and an elastic member 66.
Wherein the movable part 61 is provided on the platform 2 below the window 201. The movable portion 61 is moved up and down with respect to the platform 2 by a slide rail mechanism or the like.
The abutting portion 62 is provided on the movable portion 61 and abuts on a side surface of the end cover 11. The abutting end of the abutting part 62 can be conical or ridge-shaped and always aligned with the cutter blade part of the cutting mechanism 4; in the process of abutting the end cover 11, the abutting end of the abutting portion 62 is flush with the upper surface of the platform 2, so that the end cover 11 is prevented from tilting relative to the platform 2.
One end of the screw 63 is fixedly arranged on the abutting portion 62, and the other end of the screw extends outwards through the movable portion 61 along the direction of the window 201.
One end of the slide bar 64 is fixedly arranged on the supporting part 62, and the other end extends outwards along the direction of the window 201 and penetrates the movable part 61.
The stopper 65 is screwed to the end of the screw 63 passing through the movable portion 61 and abuts against the end surface of the movable portion 61 away from the abutting portion 62. The screw 63 and the limiting piece 65 form a screw sliding block structure so as to accurately control the elastic supporting pressure of the supporting mechanism 6; in practical implementation, the limiting member 65 may be driven to rotate by a motor or the like, and the movable portion 61 is pushed to move relative to the abutting portion 62.
The elastic piece 66 is arranged between the movable part 61 and the supporting part 62, and two ends of the elastic piece are respectively connected to the movable part 61 and the supporting part 62; the movable portion 61 moves relative to the platform 2 along the direction of the window 201, and adjusts the elastic pressure of the elastic member 66 to the abutting portion 62. When the distance between the movable part 61 and the abutting part 62 increases, the elastic piece 66 elastically expands and the pressure is released, so that the abutting pressure of the abutting structure 6 is reduced; when the distance between the movable portion 61 and the abutting portion 62 is reduced, the elastic member 66 is elastically compressed and the pressure is accumulated, so that the abutting pressure of the abutting structure 6 is increased.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for using the device for recovering a new energy battery according to the present invention, which adopts any of the above embodiments, includes the following steps.
S1, transferring the battery 1 to a detection station 3, and detecting the structural weakness of the end cover 11 through a detection module. Because the battery 1 is subjected to conditions such as impact, extrusion or self charge and discharge in the use process, the end cover 11 is deformed or the end cover 11 is broken through by current, a plurality of different types of structural weaknesses exist on the waste battery 1.
S2, the control module adjusts the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism 4 on the end cover 11 and the elastic abutting force of the abutting mechanism 6 on the end cover 11 based on the prediction model according to the detection result given by the detection module. After identifying and classifying a plurality of structural weaknesses on the end cover 11, the cutting mechanism 4 can pass through the structural weaknesses as much as possible when cutting the end cover 11; when the cutting mechanism 4 cuts the structural weak point of the end cover 11, the cutting pressure applied to the end cover 11 is smaller than the cutting pressure applied to the normal part, so that the abrasion of the cutting structure weak point to the cutter is also smaller, and therefore, the cutting mechanism 4 cuts the end cover 11 and passes through the structural weak point as much as possible, and the abrasion consumption of the cutting process to the cutter can be weakened as much as possible.
And S3, cutting off and recycling the end cover 11 from the end part of the battery 1 through the cutting mechanism 4. A recovery process may be provided at the rear end of the platform 2, for example, a sorting mechanism may be provided at the rear end of the platform 2 to recover the cut end caps 11, and then the battery 1 after the end caps 11 are cut is conveyed to a subsequent processing process again through the line 5.
In a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, step S1 includes the following steps.
S11, detecting the end cover 11 based on the ultrasonic technology by using an ultrasonic generating and receiving device, acquiring structural information inside the end cover 11 through reflection of ultrasonic waves and echo signals, and detecting defects inside the end cover 11. The ultrasonic wave generating and receiving device sends out ultrasonic waves and receives the returned ultrasonic waves, the principle is similar to that of a radar, ultrasonic wave information can be formed into a real-time image, and an observer can know the internal structure of the end cover 11.
S12, the anode and the cathode of the battery 1 are connected in the detection station 3, the battery 1 releases heat after a period of time after being connected, and the distribution situation of heat on the end cover 11 is different, so that the thermal imaging camera is used for carrying out infrared thermal imaging on the end cover 11 based on a thermal imaging technology, the temperature distribution situation of the surface of the end cover 11 is observed, and the temperature abnormal area of the surface of the end cover 11 is detected, so that the position of the structural weakness on the end cover 11 can be identified.
S13, selecting a plurality of end caps 11 as samples, carrying out combination analysis on detection results of ultrasonic technology and thermal imaging technology of the samples of the plurality of end caps 11, completing positioning, identification and classification of structural weaknesses of the end caps 11, establishing a correlation prediction model of types of the structural weaknesses of the end caps 11, cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism 4 and elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism 6, enabling personnel to select the most suitable cutting pressure and elastic supporting force according to different types of structural weaknesses, enabling the cutting mechanism 4 to adopt the cutting pressure as small as possible on the basis of effectively cutting the end caps 11, and reducing abrasion to cutters.
In a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, step S13 includes the following steps.
S131, preprocessing the acquired ultrasonic information images and thermoforming images of the plurality of end caps 11, eliminating noise in the images and highlighting features in the images. Specifically, sample data including structural weakness characteristics of different end caps 11 are acquired by ultrasound and thermal imaging techniques: marking corresponding cutting pressure and supporting pressure for each sample data to indicate the influence degree of the structural weakness characteristic of the end cover 11 on the cutting pressure; the collected data is preprocessed, including noise removal, normalization of eigenvalues, etc., to ensure data quality and reliability.
S132, the preprocessed image is sent to an intelligent machine learning algorithm for feature extraction, and the features are used for subsequent structural weakness recognition. Features of structural weakness of the end cap 11 include its size, shape, location, density, etc.; the extracted features are converted into a format acceptable to machine learning algorithms, typically in the form of feature vectors.
S133, based on the extracted features, the machine learning algorithm classifies and identifies the images through a prediction model obtained through training, judges whether structural weaknesses exist in the inner structure of the end cover 11 or not, classifies and positions the structural weaknesses, and the identification result is used for being output to the control module, so that the control module adjusts the cutting pressure and the elastic supporting force according to the type of the structural weaknesses in the identification result, and adjusts the cutting mechanism 4 and the moving path of the supporting structure on the end cover 11 according to the positioning information of the structural weaknesses in the identification result.
In a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, the method for training the prediction model through the machine learning algorithm in step S133 includes the following steps.
S1331, collecting sample data containing the structural weakness characteristics of the end caps 11, extracting the structural weakness characteristics of the end caps 11, taking the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism 4 corresponding to each sample mark as a first label, taking the elastic holding force of the holding mechanism 6 corresponding to each sample mark as a second label, and summarizing the structural weakness characteristics of the end caps 11 and the two labels into a data set.
S1332, dividing the data set into a training set and a test set by adopting a cross-validation method, training a prediction model by using the training set, adjusting parameters of the model, such as kernel function type, regularization parameters and the like, according to the characteristics in the training set and the corresponding two labels, so as to maximize the accuracy of classification, evaluating the trained prediction model by using the test set, evaluating the generalization capability of the model on new data, and adjusting the super parameters of the model according to the result of model evaluation, wherein the evaluation indexes comprise indexes of calculation model accuracy, precision, recall rate, F1-score and the like.
S1333, applying the trained prediction model, and predicting the most suitable cutting pressure and elastic supporting force by using the model according to the structural weakness characteristics of the end cover 11 detected in the step S131. In addition, in practical application, new data are continuously collected and verified, and the model is continuously optimized according to feedback, so that the robustness and reliability of the model are ensured, and the performance of the model in practical application is continuously improved.
In a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, the dataset is represented as a matrix and comprises m samples, wherein each row represents the same sample and each column is the same feature, wherein the structural weakness feature of the end cap 11 is represented by x (i), and the first label is represented by y (i), the second label is represented by z (i), the dataset may be represented as,
In step S1332, the predictive model belongs to a supervised learning algorithm, the goal of which is to find an optimal hyperplane, separating different categories of data. In the case of classification problems, in particular, the goal is to find a maximally spaced hyperplane that can separate multiple classes of data. By determining an optimal hyperplane to distinguish the weaknesses of the different end cap 11 structures and mapping them to different cutting pressure levels, the underlying principle of the present predictive model is to maximize the separation, i.e. minimize the norms of the model parameters w and b, to ensure that the classification hyperplane is as far as possible from the nearest training sample point. This is denoted as an optimization problem,
subject toαy(i)z(i)(wTx(i)+b)≥1，for i＝1,2,3…,m
Wherein w is the normal vector of the hyperplane; b is the intercept of the hyperplane; the value of w is w is a norm of (2); lambda is a regularization parameter used for balancing the complexity and fitting effect of the model; alpha is a weight parameter for balancing the importance of cutting pressure and elastic holding force.
Thus, the classification decision function is:
hw,b(x)＝sign(wTx+b)，
where sign (-) is a sign function for determining which class the input x belongs to.
In a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, in step S2, it is determined whether a structural weakness exists at a contact portion of the cutting mechanism 4 with the end cap 11 according to a prediction result, and if not, the cutting mechanism 4 is controlled to cut the contact portion with a cutting pressure in an initial state; if there is a structural weakness in the contact portion, the adjustable cutting mechanism 4 applies a smaller cutting pressure to the structural weakness portion of the end cap 11, and simultaneously reduces the elastic holding force of the holding mechanism 6 against the end cap 11.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An apparatus for recycling a new energy battery, comprising:
The battery (1) with end covers (11) at the upper end and the lower end is arranged on the platform (2) in a lying way, and a detection station (3) is arranged at the front end of the platform (2);
the cutting mechanism (4) is arranged on the platform (2) and is used for cutting the end cover (11);
A detection module for detecting structural weaknesses of the end cover (11);
The control module is used for adjusting the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism (4) on the end cover (11) according to the detection result of the detection module;
A pipeline (5); the battery (1) is arranged between the detection station (3) and the platform (2) and is transferred from the detection station (3) to the platform (2);
the detection module comprises a detection module and a control module,
The ultrasonic wave generating and receiving device transmits ultrasonic waves to the battery (1) entering the detection station (3) and receives returned ultrasonic wave information to form an image;
The power supply is connected with the anode and the cathode of the battery (1) to enable the battery (1) to charge and release heat;
a thermal imaging camera for acquiring a thermal imaging image of the surface of the end cover (11);
The control module may comprise a control module configured to control the control module,
The data processing system is used for preprocessing the received ultrasonic information image and the thermal imaging image, acquiring structural information inside the end cover (11) through the ultrasonic information image, acquiring a temperature abnormal region on the surface of the end cover (11) through observing the temperature distribution condition of the surface of the end cover (11), and carrying out combined analysis on the detection results of the ultrasonic technology and the thermal imaging technology to finish positioning, identifying and classifying the structural weaknesses of the end cover (11);
The prediction model is established based on the correlation between the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism (4) and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism (6) and the structural weaknesses of different types of end covers (11);
after the data processing system locates, identifies and classifies the structural weakness of the end cover (11), the prediction model predicts according to the identification result and outputs a prediction result, and the prediction result is used for adjusting the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism (4) and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism (6).
2. The apparatus for recycling of new energy battery according to claim 1, wherein: also comprises a supporting mechanism (6);
At least one window (201) is formed in the platform (2);
The battery (1) is arranged on the platform (2) and the end cover (11) is aligned with the window (201) towards the side surface of the platform (2);
the abutting mechanism (6) is arranged in the window (201), and when the cutting mechanism (4) contacts the side surface of the end cover (11) far away from the platform (2) and cuts the end cover (11), the abutting mechanism (6) abuts against the side surface of the end cover (11) facing the platform (2);
The control module simultaneously adjusts the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism (4) on the end cover (11) and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism (6) on the end cover (11) according to the detection result of the detection module.
3. The apparatus for recycling of new energy battery according to claim 2, wherein: the supporting mechanism (6) comprises a supporting mechanism,
A movable part (61) arranged on the platform (2) and positioned below the window (201);
A holding portion (62) provided on the movable portion (61) and held against a side surface of the end cap (11);
one end of the screw rod (63) is fixedly arranged on the supporting part (62) and the other end of the screw rod extends outwards along the direction of the window (201) penetrating through the movable part (61);
one end of the sliding rod (64) is fixedly arranged on the supporting part (62) and the other end of the sliding rod extends outwards along the direction of the window (201) penetrating through the movable part (61);
A limiting piece (65) which is in threaded connection with the end part of the screw (63) penetrating through the movable part (61) and is abutted against the end surface of the movable part (61) far away from the abutting part (62);
An elastic member (66) which is arranged between the movable part (61) and the supporting part (62) and the two ends of which are respectively connected with the movable part (61) and the supporting part (62);
wherein the movable part (61) moves along the direction of the window (201) relative to the platform (2), and adjusts the elastic pressure of the elastic piece (66) to the abutting part (62).
4. The application method of the device for recycling the new energy battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of: an apparatus for recycling a new energy battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of,
S1, transferring the battery (1) to a detection station (3), and detecting the structural weakness of an end cover (11) through the detection module;
S2, the control module adjusts the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism (4) on the end cover (11) and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism (6) on the end cover (11) based on the prediction model according to the detection result given by the detection module;
S3, cutting off and recycling the end cover (11) from the end part of the battery (1) through the cutting mechanism (4).
5. The method of using a device for recycling new energy battery according to claim 4, wherein: said step S1 comprises the steps of,
S11, detecting the end cover (11) by using an ultrasonic technology, acquiring structural information inside the end cover (11) through reflection of ultrasonic waves and echo signals, and detecting defects inside the end cover (11);
S12, connecting the anode and the cathode of the battery (1) in a detection station (3), simultaneously carrying out infrared thermal imaging on the end cover (11) by utilizing a thermal imaging technology, observing the temperature distribution condition of the surface of the end cover (11), and detecting a temperature abnormal region of the surface of the end cover (11);
S13, selecting a plurality of end caps (11) as samples, carrying out combination analysis on detection results of ultrasonic technology and thermal imaging technology of the samples of the end caps (11), completing positioning, identification and classification of structural weaknesses of the end caps (11), and establishing a correlation prediction model of the types of the structural weaknesses of the end caps (11), the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism (4) and the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism (6).
6. The method of using a device for recycling new energy battery according to claim 5, wherein: the step S13 includes the steps of,
S131, preprocessing the acquired ultrasonic information images and thermoforming images of a plurality of end covers (11), eliminating noise in the images and highlighting features in the images;
S132, the preprocessed image is sent to an intelligent machine learning algorithm for feature extraction, and the features are used for subsequent structural weakness recognition;
S133, classifying and identifying images by a machine learning algorithm through a prediction model obtained through training based on the extracted features, judging whether structural weaknesses exist in the inner structure of the end cover (11), classifying and positioning the structural weaknesses, and outputting an identification result to the control module, so that the control module adjusts cutting pressure and elastic supporting force according to the type of the structural weaknesses in the identification result, and adjusts a cutting mechanism (4) and a moving path of the supporting structure on the end cover (11) according to positioning information of the structural weaknesses in the identification result.
7. The method of using a device for recycling new energy battery according to claim 6, wherein: the method for training to obtain the prediction model through the machine learning algorithm in the step S133 includes the following steps,
S1331, collecting sample data containing the structural weakness characteristics of a plurality of end covers (11), extracting the structural weakness characteristics of each end cover (11), taking the cutting pressure of the cutting mechanism (4) corresponding to each sample mark as a first label, taking the elastic supporting force of the supporting mechanism (6) corresponding to each sample mark as a second label, and summarizing the structural weakness characteristics of each end cover (11) and the two labels into a data set;
S1332, dividing a data set into a training set and a test set by adopting a cross-validation method, training a prediction model by using the training set, adjusting parameters of the model according to characteristics in the training set and two corresponding labels to maximize classification accuracy, evaluating the trained prediction model by using the test set, evaluating generalization capability of the model to new data, and optimizing super parameters of the model according to a model evaluation result;
S1333, applying the trained prediction model, and predicting the most suitable cutting pressure and elastic supporting force by using the model according to the structural weakness characteristics of the end cover (11) detected in the step S131.
8. The method of using a device for recycling new energy battery according to claim 7, wherein: in said step S1331, said dataset is represented as a matrix and comprises m samples, wherein each row represents the same sample and each column is the same feature, wherein the structural weakness feature of said end cap (11) is represented by x (i), and the first label is represented by y (i), the second label is represented by z (i), the dataset may be represented as,
In said step S1332, the weakness characteristics of the different end cap (11) constructions are identified by determining an optimal hyperplane, and mapping it to different cutting pressure levels, representing it as an optimization problem,
subject toαy(i)z(i)(wTx(i)+b)≥1，for i＝1,2,3…,m，
Wherein w is the normal vector of the hyperplane; b is the intercept of the hyperplane; the value of w is w is a norm of (2); lambda is a regularization parameter used for balancing the complexity and fitting effect of the model; alpha is a weight parameter for balancing the importance of cutting pressure and elastic holding force.
9. The method of using a device for recycling new energy battery according to claim 4, wherein: in the step S2, judging whether a structural weakness exists at the contact part of the cutting mechanism (4) and the end cover (11) according to a prediction result, and if not, controlling the cutting mechanism (4) to cut the contact part by adopting the cutting pressure in an initial state; if the contact part has a structural weakness, the cutting mechanism (4) is adjusted to apply smaller cutting pressure to the structural weakness of the end cover (11) and simultaneously reduce the elastic abutting force of the abutting mechanism (6) on the end cover (11).
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