CN118185677A - Synthetic liquid fuel - Google Patents
Synthetic liquid fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN118185677A CN118185677A CN202410407551.3A CN202410407551A CN118185677A CN 118185677 A CN118185677 A CN 118185677A CN 202410407551 A CN202410407551 A CN 202410407551A CN 118185677 A CN118185677 A CN 118185677A
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- heavy oil
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PWATWSYOIIXYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 PWATWSYOIIXYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 122
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000221089 Jatropha Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000003377 Shepherdia canadensis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000018324 Shepherdia canadensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019737 Animal fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000170916 Paeonia officinalis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000057114 Sapium sebiferum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005128 Sapium sebiferum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000248162 Xanthoceras sorbifolium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009240 Xanthoceras sorbifolium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 oleum gossypii semen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004174 sulfur cycle Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 13
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 10
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 8
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC[14CH3] DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butylhexane Natural products CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
A synthetic liquid fuel comprising the composition of: a light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkane, a catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkane, a biological heavy oil component and a petrochemical heavy oil component; the mass fraction of the light oil component is 0-49%, and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86% of the mass of the light oil component; the mass fraction of the biological heavy oil component is 2-95%; the mass fraction of the petrochemical heavy oil component is 2-95%; the petrochemical heavy oil component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon is one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene and pentylbenzene, and the mass of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon accounts for 1-80% of the petrochemical heavy oil component; the mass content of mixed aromatic hydrocarbon of the synthetic liquid fuel is 0.02-80%. The closed flash point of the synthetic liquid fuel is not lower than 55 ℃, the combustion performance is good, and the oil consumption is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuels, in particular to a synthetic liquid fuel which has good driving performance, combustion performance and safety, and can be used as mixed fuel oil for a heavy oil engine system, a middle-large heavy diesel engine system for ships and a heavy oil boiler combustion system for middle-large heavy diesel generator engine.
Background
The industrial combustion system mostly adopts heavy oil as fuel, and has the characteristics of low price and good safety. However, conventional diesel/heavy oil fuels are still refined from petroleum-based raw materials, and with the ever decreasing global reserves and refining capacity, attempts to fill the ever expanding supply gap with partially renewable raw materials (e.g., waste vegetable or animal oils) have become an urgent need for the modern industry.
The biodiesel is produced by using animal and vegetable oil or waste edible oil and fat through a conversion technology, and is directly used or mixed with diesel/heavy oil to be used as fuel. The biodiesel has the advantages of clean environment, clean energy, dispersed energy supply and the like, and is the best alternative fuel for diesel oil/heavy oil. However, the biodiesel produced by taking the waste grease as the raw material has complex raw material components, generally contains a large amount of easily-oxidized saturated and unsaturated double bonds, reduces the combustion heat value and has large oil consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a synthetic liquid fuel which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems.
The invention is realized in the following way:
A synthetic liquid fuel comprising the composition of: a light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkane, a catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkane, a biological heavy oil component and a petrochemical heavy oil component; the mass fraction of the light oil component is 0-49%, and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86% of the mass of the light oil component; the mass fraction of the biological heavy oil component is 2-95%; the mass fraction of the petrochemical heavy oil component is 2-95%;4. the petrochemical heavy oil component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon is one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene and pentylbenzene, and the mass of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon accounts for 1-80% of the petrochemical heavy oil component; the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthetic liquid fuel is 0.02-80%.
In some embodiments, the bio-heavy oil component is present in an amount of 50 to 95% by mass.
In some embodiments, the petrochemical heavy oil component is present in an amount of 50-95% by mass.
In some embodiments, the petrochemical heavy oil is one or more of 180# heavy oil, 240# heavy oil, 280# heavy oil, 350# heavy oil, 380# heavy oil, 500# heavy oil, 180# low sulfur heavy oil, 240# low sulfur heavy oil, 280# low sulfur heavy oil, 350# low sulfur heavy oil, 380# low sulfur heavy oil, 500# low sulfur heavy oil, light cycle oil, low sulfur light cycle oil, low sulfur cycle oil. The petrochemical heavy oil component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon is one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene and pentylbenzene, and the mass of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon accounts for 1-80% of the petrochemical heavy oil component; the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthetic liquid fuel is 0.02-80%.
In some embodiments, the light oil component is present in an amount of 4-49% by mass.
In some embodiments, the synthetic liquid fuel has a closed-end flash point of not less than 55 ℃.
In some embodiments, the mass of the catalytic component is 86% -10000 of the mass of the light oil component.
In some embodiments, the aromatic hydrocarbons comprise 1-80% by mass of the petrochemical heavy oil component.
In some embodiments, the bio-heavy oil component comprises one or more of biodiesel (including fatty acid methyl esters, fatty acid ethyl esters, and the like), biological oils and fats, animal and vegetable oils and fats, oleaginous algae oils and derivatives of biological oils and fats. Wherein the animal fat can be chicken, duck, pig, cattle, sheep, fish, etc. The vegetable oil can be palm oil, oleum gossypii semen, soybean oil, oleum Helianthi, soapberry oil, oleum Rapae, oleum ricini, xanthoceras sorbifolia oil, jatropha oil, peony flower and fruit oil, chinese tallow tree, etc. Wherein the derivative of biological oil and its derivative can be food waste oil.
In some embodiments, the light oil component of the C6-C12 alkane composition comprises a single alkane having 6-12 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
In some embodiments, the catalytic component of the C13-C16 alkane composition comprises a single alkane having from 13 to 16 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
The synthetic liquid fuel is used as the engine fuel of a medium-large heavy diesel engine, the engine fuel of a medium-large heavy diesel engine for ships, the engine fuel of a medium-large heavy diesel generator and the fuel of a heavy oil boiler.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the closed flash point of the synthetic liquid fuel is not lower than 55 ℃, the combustion performance is good, and the oil consumption is low.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a synthetic liquid fuel, which at least comprises a light oil component consisting of C6-C12 alkane, a catalytic component consisting of C13-C16 alkane, a biological heavy oil component and a petrochemical heavy oil component, wherein the light oil component improves the fuel performance of the fuel, and meanwhile, the addition of the catalytic component in a proper proportion is beneficial to further improving the flash point of the liquid fuel so as to be beneficial to meeting the set safety standard.
Wherein the light oil component can be from common petroleum raw materials such as pyrolysis gasoline, reformed gasoline and the like, and is purified by a cutting process to remove unfavorable cetane number components, and the light oil component is composed of alkane with C6-C12 in a favorable way; for convenience of description, the alkane composition of C13-C16 is called a catalytic component, the catalytic component can be from common petroleum raw materials such as paraffin, kerosene and the like, and is purified by a cutting process to remove unfavorable cetane number components, and the alkane composition of C13-C16 is selected to be favorable; the mass content of the light oil component is 0-49%, and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86% of the mass of the light oil component.
Within this range, the specific level of catalytic component is such that the final fuel closed-end flash point meets the requirements, and in order to accommodate the market-accepted standards in most areas, the liquid fuel of the present invention should have a closed-end flash point of greater than 55 ℃, more preferably greater than 65 ℃. In a specific embodiment, the impact of the catalytic component on the flash point of the light oil component can be determined first, and the flash point of the finally obtained liquid fuel can be further determined, so that the reasonable proportion among the components can be obtained. Typically, the closed-end flash point after mixing the light oil component with the catalytic component is greater than 50 ℃, more preferably the closed-end flash point after mixing the light oil component with the catalytic component is greater than 60 ℃; more preferably, the closed-end flash point of the light oil component after being mixed with the catalytic component is more than 65 ℃, still more preferably, the closed-end flash point of the light oil component after being mixed with the catalytic component is more than 70 ℃, and the final liquid fuel has excellent combustibility and safety.
In the embodiments of the present invention, how to blend the components is not particularly limited, for example, mixing the light oil component with the catalytic component first, then mixing with the biological heavy oil component and the petrochemical heavy oil component, or mixing the selected components together according to the respective content ratios so that the obtained fuel reaches the required flash point standard. Finally, the method is characterized in that the proper addition amount of the light oil component and the catalytic component is selected, so that the closed-end flash point of the liquid fuel meets the relevant standard and is used as an important index of the safety of the liquid fuel.
In a specific embodiment, the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86-10000 of the mass of the light oil component; in a specific embodiment, the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86-5000 of the mass of the light oil component, which is favorable for ensuring the expected safety of the fuel and controlling the cost performance of the final liquid fuel. The catalytic component selected may be added to the light oil component or may be a split fraction from a petroleum processing chain.
In one embodiment, the light oil component is present in the fuel in an amount of 5% by mass, the catalytic component is present in the fuel in an amount of 150% by mass, the catalytic component is present in the fuel in an amount of 7.5% by mass, the total of the light oil component and the catalytic component is present in the fuel in an amount of 12.5% by mass, the bio-heavy oil component is present in the fuel in an amount of 50% by mass, and the petrochemical heavy oil component is present in the fuel in an amount of 37.5% by mass.
As an integral component of the liquid fuel of the present invention, the catalytic component of the C13-C16 alkane composition may comprise a single alkane having from 13 to 16 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof. Wherein the catalytic component composed of the C13-C16 alkane comprises one or more than two of normal alkane with 13-16 carbons, isoparaffin and cycloalkane.
In embodiments of the present invention, the light oil component of the C6-C12 alkane composition may be a single alkane comprising 6-12 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
In a more specific embodiment, the light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkane is a mixture of one or more than two of normal alkane with 6-12 carbons, isoparaffin and naphthene. For example, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane and dodecane, thereby reducing the octane number of the liquid fuel and improving the cetane number, and the liquid fuel can be used for middle and large heavy diesel engine fuels, middle and large heavy diesel engine fuels for ships, middle and large heavy diesel generator engine fuels and heavy oil boiler fuels instead of diesel oil heavy oil, and achieves the effects of high heat value, low pollution and low cost.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the bio-heavy oil component includes one or a mixture of two or more of biodiesel (including fatty acid methyl ester, fatty acid ethyl ester, etc.), biological grease, animal and vegetable grease, oily algae grease, and derivatives of biological grease. Wherein the animal fat can be chicken, duck, pig, cattle, sheep, fish, etc. The vegetable oil can be palm oil, oleum gossypii semen, soybean oil, oleum Helianthi, soapberry oil, oleum Rapae, oleum ricini, xanthoceras sorbifolia oil, jatropha oil, peony flower and fruit oil, chinese tallow tree, etc. Wherein the derivative of biological oil and its derivative can be food waste oil.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the petrochemical heavy oil is one or a mixture of two or more of 180# heavy oil, 240# heavy oil, 280# heavy oil, 350# heavy oil, 380# heavy oil, 500# heavy oil, 180# low sulfur heavy oil, 240# low sulfur heavy oil, 280# low sulfur heavy oil, 350# low sulfur heavy oil, 380# low sulfur heavy oil, 500# low sulfur heavy oil, light cycle oil, low sulfur light cycle oil, and low sulfur cycle oil. Petrochemical heavy oil contains a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbon, the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon can contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, the content of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon is about 1-80%, and the mass content of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon of the synthetic liquid fuel is about 0.02-80%.
As described above, the liquid fuel of the present invention is obtained by blending a bio-heavy oil component and a petrochemical heavy oil component with a catalytic component and/or a light oil component in a proper ratio, and the mass content of the bio-heavy oil component is 2 to 95%, preferably 5 to 95%, preferably 30 to 95%, preferably 60 to 95%, based on the synthetic liquid fuel. The petrochemical heavy oil component has a mass content of 2 to 95%, preferably 10 to 95%, preferably 20 to 95%, preferably 60 to 95%.
The fuel of the invention is from reasonable blending products of hydrocarbon components, biological heavy oil components and petrochemical heavy oil components with different requirements on carbon structures, hydrocarbon compounds serving as the light oil components and catalytic components can be synthetic products, but are usually products of raw oil purification and refining, such as solvent oil and the like meeting the requirements, aromatic hydrocarbons contained in the raw oil, generally toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene and the like, are considered as impurities which need to be removed as much as possible in the refining process, and the cleaner the aromatic hydrocarbons are, the higher the treatment cost of the raw oil is, and are necessarily reflected in the cost of the fuel product. The present inventors have found that the biological heavy oil component and petrochemical heavy oil component, particularly animal and vegetable oil, have low heat value due to their oxygen-containing structure, and tend to affect the thermal effect of the fuel, but when the liquid fuel contains a proper amount of aromatic hydrocarbon component, the combustion effect is not significantly affected, and sometimes some improvement is exhibited. Therefore, when the fuel oil of the invention is prepared, the component oil is allowed to be used without strict dearomatization and purification, for example, crude-extracted gasoline fraction is used, and the content of aromatic hydrocarbon in the component oil often contains a certain amount of aromatic hydrocarbon and petrochemical heavy oil is very high, so long as the content of aromatic hydrocarbon in the final liquid fuel is not more than 80%, no further refining and removal are needed, thereby greatly reducing the purity requirement of the raw oil, widening the selection path of the raw oil, and reducing the cost of the liquid fuel as the final product. From the viewpoint of combustion effect, the inventors believe that the fuel may contain a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbon such as toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, etc., and the content thereof is controlled to be 0.02 to 80%. In a specific scheme, according to the property parameters of each component oil, if the aromatic hydrocarbon is really needed to exist in the liquid fuel product, the aromatic hydrocarbon component can be introduced into the selected light oil component or the final fuel to improve the heat value of the fuel; the light oil component and the catalytic component can also select cut fractions on the petroleum processing chain, and the latter should be a means more suitable for industrial production, for example, the crude gasoline fraction often contains a certain aromatic hydrocarbon, and needs to be refined and removed, but may be used as the light oil component of the fuel of the invention, for example, C8-12 solvent oil or other equivalent distillate oil, which contains a certain aromatic hydrocarbon, such as toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, etc., and the removal is not needed for the fuel of the invention, so that the raw material cost is reduced, and the existence of aromatic hydrocarbon is beneficial to the improvement of the heat value of the fuel. The same applies to the selection of the catalytic component of the appropriate distillation range, for example the C13-16 solvent oil or other comparable distillate. Petrochemical heavy oils contain significant amounts of mixed aromatics, which may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, with aromatics levels between about 1-80%. The mass content of mixed aromatic hydrocarbon of the synthetic liquid fuel is about 0.02-80%.
The invention provides a liquid fuel, which is characterized in that a high-volatility catalytic component and/or a light oil component with proper proportion is selected as a solvent, and a biological heavy oil component and a petrochemical heavy oil component are dissolved and blended, so that the volatility of the biological heavy oil component and the petrochemical heavy oil component is improved, the viscosity is reduced, and the liquid fuel with excellent combustibility is obtained. The catalytic components with proper proportion are introduced, so that the combustion performance of the fuel is ensured, the use safety of the fuel is improved, and the fuel is beneficial to being used as the substitute fuel of a heavy diesel engine to enter the fuel oil market. In this sense, the present invention can be considered as the development and extension of the inventors' own study results for many years.
The invention also provides application of the liquid fuel as a medium-large heavy diesel engine fuel, a medium-large heavy diesel engine fuel for ships, a medium-large heavy diesel generator engine fuel and a heavy oil boiler fuel, application of the liquid fuel as a diesel/heavy oil combustion system fuel and application of the liquid fuel as a ship diesel/heavy oil combustion system fuel.
The liquid fuel of the invention is prepared from biological heavy oil, petrochemical heavy oil component, catalytic component and/or light oil component, shows the combustion characteristics of gasoline and kerosene, and has the simplest experiment, for example, the liquid fuel is ignited in a cylinder, a simulated combustion experiment is carried out, and the cylinder pressure heat release curve is measured. The obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve presents a smooth unimodal curve, which shows that the liquid fuel is gasified smoothly in the combustion process without knocking phenomenon. The effect can also be explained from the characteristics of the component oils used, the catalytic component having the effect of adjusting the flash point of the mixture after mixing the light oil component and the catalytic component, which in turn increases after mixing with the biological heavy oil component and the petrochemical heavy oil component. And the catalytic component, the light oil component, the biological heavy oil component and the petrochemical heavy oil component can form a more uniform mixture after being mixed, so that the occurrence of phase separation is avoided; meanwhile, the addition of the catalytic component enables the gasification process of the liquid fuel mixture to be smoother, the fuel gradually passes through an early flame diffusion period, a flame high-speed propagation period and a flame termination period after being injected into the cylinder, and the cylinder pressure heat release curve presents a smooth unimodal curve without sudden knocking.
The liquid fuel of the invention can replace heavy oil, is used for various middle and large heavy diesel engine fuels, middle and large heavy diesel engine fuels for ships, middle and large heavy diesel generator engine fuels and heavy oil boiler fuels, has the advantages of complete combustion, low pollution and no pollution, and the introduction of the light oil component and the catalytic component in proper proportion improves the safety of the fuel, so that the blended fuel with the biological heavy oil component as a matrix is used for replacing heavy oil for various middle and large heavy diesel engine fuels, middle and large heavy diesel engine fuels for ships, middle and large heavy diesel generator engine fuels and heavy oil boiler fuels, and provides a guarantee in technical aspect and market admittance, and is used as a clean and low-cost diesel heavy oil substitute to make up the weakness of petrochemical heavy oil in resources and cost more powerfully.
Example 1
The liquid fuel comprises the following components:
light oil component: from heavy straight-run naphtha, the distillation range is 100-220 ℃, and the alkane with the component of C8-C12 is determined by rectification and purification; the C6-C12 alkanes mainly comprise: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
Catalytic components: the components of the refined kerosene are determined to be C13-C16 alkane by rectification and purification at the distillation range of 200-300 ℃; the C13-C16 alkane mainly comprises C13-C16 normal alkane, C13-C16 isoparaffin and C13-C16 naphthene.
Petrochemical heavy oils contain significant amounts of mixed aromatics, which may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, with aromatics levels between about 1-80%. The synthetic liquid fuel has a mixed aromatic content of between about 0.02% and about 80%.
Biological heavy oil component: cotton seed oil.
Petrochemical heavy oil component: 240# heavy oil.
Catalytic component/light oil component=2 (mass ratio), based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the biological heavy oil component is 55%, the light oil component is 10%, the catalytic component is 20%, and the petrochemical heavy oil component is 15%, and the liquid fuel composition of the invention is obtained by mixing and blending, and the closed flash point of the liquid fuel composition is measured to be about 60 ℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains about 15% of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons.
Example 2
The components of the light oil component, the catalytic component, the biological heavy oil component, and the petrochemical heavy oil component were the same as in example 1.
Catalytic component/light oil component=1.3 (mass ratio), based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the biological heavy oil component is 45%, the light oil component is 15%, the catalytic component is 19.5%, and the petrochemical heavy oil component is 20.5%, and the mixture is prepared. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention was obtained and its closed-end flash point was measured to be about 63 ℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains about 17% of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons.
Example 3
Light oil component: the heavy cracked naphtha is obtained by rectifying and purifying at the distillation range of 150-220 ℃ and the components are determined to be C9-C12 alkane, and the C9-C12 alkane mainly comprises: C9-C12 n-alkanes, C9-C12 isoparaffins, C9-C12 cycloalkanes;
Catalytic components: the components of the refined kerosene are determined to be C13-C16 alkane by rectification and purification at the distillation range of 200-300 ℃; the C13-C16 alkane mainly comprises C13-C16 normal alkane, C13-C16 isoparaffin and C13-C16 naphthene.
Petrochemical heavy oils contain significant amounts of mixed aromatics, which may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, with aromatics levels between about 1-80%. The synthetic liquid fuel has a mixed aromatic content of between about 0.02% and about 80%.
Biological heavy oil component: soybean oil.
Petrochemical heavy oil component: 350# heavy oil.
Catalytic component/light oil component=3 (mass ratio), based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 30% of biological heavy oil component, 5% of light oil component, 15% of catalytic component and 50% of petrochemical heavy oil component are mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the invention, and the closed flash point of the liquid fuel composition is measured to be about 65 ℃, and the content of mixed aromatic hydrocarbon contained in the liquid fuel composition of the invention is about 30%.
Example 4
The components of the light oil component, the catalytic component, the biological heavy oil component, and the petrochemical heavy oil component were the same as in example 3.
Catalytic component/light oil component=300 (mass ratio), based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the biological heavy oil component 21.9%, the light oil component 0.1%, the catalytic component 30% and the petrochemical heavy oil component 48%, and the liquid fuel composition of the present invention is obtained by mixing and blending, and the closed-end flash point of the liquid fuel composition is measured to be about 67 ℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains about 32% of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons.
Example 5
The components of the light oil component, the catalytic component and the petrochemical heavy oil component were the same as those in example 1, but the biological heavy oil component was a food waste oil.
Catalytic component/light oil component=100 (mass ratio), based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the biological heavy oil component is 22%, the light oil component is 0.2%, the catalytic component is 20%, and the petrochemical heavy oil component is 57.8%, and the liquid fuel composition of the invention is obtained by mixing and blending, and the closed-end flash point of the liquid fuel composition is measured to be about 70 ℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains about 35% of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons.
Example 6
The components of the light oil component, the catalytic component and the petrochemical heavy oil component were the same as those in example 1, but the biological heavy oil component was a food waste oil.
The mixed oil after the preparation has a closed-end flash point of more than 60 ℃ measured by the catalytic component/light oil component=50 (mass ratio), and the mixed oil is mixed and prepared by 17.7% of biological heavy oil component, 0.3% of light oil component, 15% of catalytic component and 67% of petrochemical heavy oil component according to the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the invention, wherein the closed-end flash point is measured to be about 66 ℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains about 38% of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons.
Example 7
The liquid fuel comprises the following components:
light oil component: from heavy straight-run naphtha, the distillation range is 100-220 ℃, and the alkane with the component of C8-C12 is determined by rectification and purification; the C6-C12 alkanes mainly comprise: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
Catalytic components: the components of the refined kerosene are determined to be C13-C16 alkane by rectification and purification at the distillation range of 200-300 ℃; the C13-C16 alkane mainly comprises C13-C16 normal alkane, C13-C16 isoparaffin and C13-C16 naphthene.
Petrochemical heavy oils contain significant amounts of mixed aromatics, which may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, with aromatics levels between about 1-80%. The synthetic liquid fuel has a mixed aromatic content of between about 0.02% and about 80%.
Biological heavy oil component: jatropha oil or soapberry oil.
Petrochemical heavy oil component: 380# heavy oil.
The liquid fuel composition of the invention is obtained by mixing and blending 90% of biological heavy oil, 0% of light oil, 8% of catalytic component and 2% of petrochemical heavy oil according to the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, wherein the light oil is 0, and the closed flash point of the liquid fuel composition is measured to be about 70 ℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains about 3% of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons.
Example 8
The liquid fuel comprises the following components:
light oil component: from heavy straight-run naphtha, the distillation range is 100-220 ℃, and the alkane with the component of C8-C12 is determined by rectification and purification; the C6-C12 alkanes mainly comprise: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
Catalytic components: the components of the refined kerosene are determined to be C13-C16 alkane by rectification and purification at the distillation range of 200-300 ℃; the C13-C16 alkane mainly comprises C13-C16 normal alkane, C13-C16 isoparaffin and C13-C16 naphthene.
Petrochemical heavy oils contain significant amounts of mixed aromatics, which may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, with aromatics levels between about 1-80%. The synthetic liquid fuel has a mixed aromatic content of between about 0.02% and about 80%.
Biological heavy oil component: palm oil.
Petrochemical heavy oil component: 180# heavy oil.
The liquid fuel composition of the invention is obtained by mixing and blending 3.5% of the biological heavy oil component, 7.5% of the catalytic component and 89% of the petrochemical heavy oil component according to the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, wherein the light oil component is 0, and the closed flash point of the liquid fuel composition is measured to be about 65 ℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains about 50% of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons.
Example 9
The liquid fuel comprises the following components:
light oil component: from heavy straight-run naphtha, the distillation range is 100-220 ℃, and the alkane with the component of C8-C12 is determined by rectification and purification; the C6-C12 alkanes mainly comprise: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
Catalytic components: the components of the refined kerosene are determined to be C13-C16 alkane by rectification and purification at the distillation range of 200-300 ℃; the C13-C16 alkane mainly comprises C13-C16 normal alkane, C13-C16 isoparaffin and C13-C16 naphthene.
Petrochemical heavy oils contain significant amounts of mixed aromatics, which may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, with aromatics levels between about 1-80%. The synthetic liquid fuel has a mixed aromatic content of between about 0.02% and about 80%.
Biological heavy oil component: palm oil.
Petrochemical heavy oil component: 180# heavy oil.
Catalytic component/light oil component=2000 (mass ratio), based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the biological heavy oil component is 2%, the light oil component is 0.01%, the catalytic component is 20%, and the petrochemical heavy oil component is 77.99%, and the liquid fuel composition of the invention is obtained by mixing and blending, and the closed-end flash point of the liquid fuel composition is measured to be about 65 ℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains about 50% of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons.
Example 10
The liquid fuel comprises the following components:
light oil component: from heavy straight-run naphtha, the distillation range is 100-220 ℃, and the alkane with the component of C8-C12 is determined by rectification and purification; the C6-C12 alkanes mainly comprise: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
Catalytic components: the components of the refined kerosene are determined to be C13-C16 alkane by rectification and purification at the distillation range of 200-300 ℃; the C13-C16 alkane mainly comprises C13-C16 normal alkane, C13-C16 isoparaffin and C13-C16 naphthene.
Petrochemical heavy oils contain significant amounts of mixed aromatics, which may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylene, with aromatics levels between about 1-80%. The synthetic liquid fuel has a mixed aromatic content of between about 0.02% and about 80%.
Biological heavy oil component: palm oil.
Petrochemical heavy oil component: 180# heavy oil.
Catalytic component/light oil component=2000 (mass ratio), based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 77.99% of biological heavy oil component, 0.01% of light oil component, 20% of catalytic component and 2% of petrochemical heavy oil component, and the liquid fuel composition of the invention is obtained by mixing and blending, and the closed-end flash point of the liquid fuel composition is measured to be about 65 ℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains about 2% of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons.
The liquid fuels of examples 1 to 10 were ignited in a cylinder, and a simulated combustion experiment was performed to determine a cylinder pressure heat release profile. The obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve presents a smooth unimodal curve, which shows that the liquid fuel is gasified smoothly in the combustion process without knocking phenomenon.
The liquid fuels of examples 1 to 8 were subjected to a black smoke test, a nitrogen oxide value test, and a fuel consumption test, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Examples | Black smoke value (g/m) | NOx value (10 -6mg/m3) | Oil consumption per hour (L) |
| Example 1 | 4.90 | 6370 | 85.75 |
| Example 2 | 5.88 | 6860 | 88.69 |
| Example 3 | 4.90 | 6370 | 85.75 |
| Example 4 | 6.37 | 7350 | 89.18 |
| Example 5 | 7.84 | 7840 | 90.16 |
| Example 6 | 7.35 | 7546 | 89.67 |
| Example 7 | 8.04 | 7938 | 90.65 |
| Example 8 | 9.80 | 8330 | 95.55 |
| Example 9 | 4.80 | 6243 | 84.04 |
| Example 10 | 4.95 | 6434 | 86.61 |
| #180 Low sulfur heavy oil | 12.00 | 1200 | 105.00 |
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A synthetic liquid fuel comprising the composition of: a light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkane, a catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkane, a biological heavy oil component and a petrochemical heavy oil component; the mass fraction of the light oil component is 0-49%, and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86% of the mass of the light oil component; the mass fraction of the biological heavy oil component is 2-95%; the mass fraction of the petrochemical heavy oil component is 2-95%; the petrochemical heavy oil component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon is one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene and pentylbenzene, and the mass of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon accounts for 1-80% of the petrochemical heavy oil component; the mass content of mixed aromatic hydrocarbon of the synthetic liquid fuel is 0.02-80%.
2. The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the mass content of the bio-heavy oil component is 50 to 95%.
3. The synthetic liquid fuel of claim 1, wherein the petrochemical heavy oil component is present in an amount of 50-95% by mass.
4. The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the petrochemical heavy oil is one or more of 180# heavy oil, 240# heavy oil, 280# heavy oil, 350# heavy oil, 380# heavy oil, 500# heavy oil, 180# low sulfur heavy oil, 240# low sulfur heavy oil, 280# low sulfur heavy oil, 350# low sulfur heavy oil, 380# low sulfur heavy oil, 500# low sulfur heavy oil, light cycle oil, low sulfur light cycle oil, and low sulfur cycle oil; the petrochemical heavy oil component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon is one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene and pentylbenzene, and the mass of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon accounts for 1-80% of the petrochemical heavy oil component; the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthetic liquid fuel is 0.02-80%.
5. The synthetic liquid fuel of claim 1, wherein the liquid fuel has a closed-cell flash point of not less than 55 ℃.
6. The synthetic liquid fuel of claim 1, wherein the catalytic component is 86% -10000% by mass of the light oil component.
7. The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the bio-heavy oil component comprises one or a mixture of two or more of biodiesel, vegetable oil and fat, animal oil and fat, oily algae oil and a derivative of the biological oil and fat; wherein the biodiesel comprises fatty acid methyl ester and fatty acid ethyl ester; the animal fat is chicken, duck, pig, cattle, sheep and fish fat; the vegetable oil is palm oil, oleum gossypii semen, soybean oil, oleum Helianthi, soapberry oil, oleum Rapae, oleum ricini, xanthoceras sorbifolia oil, jatropha oil, peony flower and fruit oil, and Chinese tallow tree oil; the derivative of biological grease is food waste oil.
8. The synthetic liquid fuel of claim 1, wherein the light oil component of the C6-C12 alkane composition comprises a single alkane having 6-12 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
9. The synthetic liquid fuel of claim 1 wherein the catalytic component of the C13-C16 alkane composition comprises a single alkane having from 13 to 16 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
10. Use of the synthetic liquid fuel according to any one of claims 1-9 as a medium and large heavy diesel engine fuel, a marine medium and large heavy diesel engine fuel, a medium and large heavy diesel generator engine fuel, a heavy oil boiler fuel.
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