CN118138088A

CN118138088A - Method and communication device for acquiring training data

Info

Publication number: CN118138088A
Application number: CN202211530929.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛松岩; 刘礼福; 陈宏智; 孙琰
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-01
Filing date: 2022-12-01
Publication date: 2024-06-04
Also published as: WO2024114686A1

Abstract

The application provides a method and a communication device for acquiring training data, which are applied to a scene of combining an AI with a wireless network, in particular to a scene of combining an AI model for beam management with the wireless network. The method comprises the following steps: the first communication device receives a reference signal from the second communication device, wherein the reference signal occupies a plurality of symbols in one time slot; the first communication device performs measurement based on the reference signal to obtain a plurality of measurement results; the first communication device transmits all or part of the plurality of measurements to the second communication device, the all or part of the measurements being used for training of the AI model. In this way, the first communication device can collect a plurality of training data in a short time, that is, measurement results of measurement based on a plurality of reference signals received in one slot, so that training of the AI model can be performed based on the plurality of training data.

Description

Method and communication device for acquiring training data

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a communications device for acquiring training data.

Background

When using artificial intelligence (ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AI) models in a communication network, how training data for the AI models are collected is a considerable problem.

Taking beam management as an example, a suitable set of beam pairs may be established and maintained between the network device and the terminal device. For downlink transmission, the network side needs to select a suitable transmit beam, the terminal side needs to select a suitable receive beam, and a group of beam pairs are formed together to maintain a good radio connection, and the above-mentioned beam selection process may also be called service beam selection. Currently, beam selection is mainly done by reference signals and corresponding beam measurements. When AI models are used in beam management, such as in the selection of beams, some training data needs to be collected to select the appropriate beam. The accuracy of the training data obtained based on the current training data obtaining method is not high enough, and a better training data obtaining method is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a method and a communication device for acquiring training data, which are used for transmitting reference signals on a plurality of time domain units (such as a plurality of second time domain units in a first time domain unit), so as to obtain a plurality of measurement results of the reference signals, and reporting the measurement results, wherein the measurement results can be used as training data of an AI model.

In a first aspect, a method of acquiring training data is provided, which may be performed by a communication device. The communication apparatus may be a communication device (such as a terminal device) or may be a component (such as a chip or a circuit) in a communication device, which is not limited. The first communication device will be described below as an example.

The method may include: the first communication device receives reference signals from the second communication device, wherein the reference signals occupy X second time domain units in one first time domain unit, and X is an integer greater than 1; the first communication device performs measurement based on the reference signal to obtain a measurement result of the reference signal; the first communication device sends m measurement results to the second communication device, the measurement results of the reference signal comprise m measurement results, the m measurement results are used for training of an artificial intelligence AI model, and m is an integer which is more than 1 and less than X or equal to X.

Optionally, X is greater than 4. Thus, the reference signal may occupy more than 4 small time domain units (i.e., the second time domain unit) in one large time domain unit (i.e., the first time domain unit), so that the first communication device may receive more than 4 reference signals in a shorter time (e.g., in one first time domain unit), and further may obtain measurement results of the more than 4 reference signals.

Alternatively, m is greater than 4. In this way, more than 4 measurement results can be used for training the AI model, and training of the AI model based on a large number of measurement results can be achieved. Compared with the conventional training of the AI model based on one measurement result or less than 4 measurement results, the scheme of the application can realize the acquisition of a large amount of training data, further perform the training of the AI model based on a large amount of training data, and improve the performance of the AI model.

Optionally, assuming that the first communication device performs measurement based on the reference signal, and obtains M measurement results (M is an integer less than or equal to X), the M measurement results are any one of the following: m measurements, any M of the M measurements, a particular M of the M measurements. Taking the measurement result as RSRP as an example, the specific M measurement results in the M measurement results may be, for example, larger M RSRP; or may also include a larger m ' RSRP and a smaller m "RSRP, m ' and m" being integers greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to m, and m ' +m "=m.

Based on the above technical solution, the reference signal occupies a plurality of second time domain units in one first time domain unit, so that the first communication device may perform measurement based on the plurality of reference signals received in the first time domain unit to obtain a plurality of measurement results, and further the first communication device may report the plurality of measurement results or a part of measurement results in the plurality of measurement results, which are used for training the AI model by the second communication device. In this way, the second communication device can obtain training data (i.e. m measurement results) of the AI model, which is acquired by the first communication device in a shorter time (i.e. on a plurality of second time domain units in one time domain unit), so as to perform training of the AI model.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first communication device receives first indication information from the second communication device, wherein the first indication information is used for triggering the first communication device to send the m measurement results; the first communication device transmitting m measurement results to the second communication device, including: in response to the first indication information, the first communication device transmits the m measurement results to the second communication device.

Based on the technical scheme, the first communication device can determine whether to report according to the reporting mode of reporting m measurement results based on the triggering of the second communication device, so that a specific reporting mode can be determined according to actual requirements.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the m is determined by the first communication device based on second indication information or a predefined determination, wherein the second indication information is received by the first communication device from the second communication device side.

In one example, the first communication device receives second indication information from the second communication device, the second indication information indicating m. Based on this example, the first communication device may determine m, i.e. the number of reported measurement results, based on the indication of the second communication device.

Another example, m is predefined. Based on this example, the first communication device may itself determine m, i.e. the number of reported measurement results.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the m measurement results are determined by the first communication device based on third indication information or a predefined determination, wherein the third indication information is received by the first communication device from the second communication device.

In an example, the first communication device receives third indication information from the second communication device, where the third indication information indicates that m measurement results are reported. Based on this example, the first communication device may determine m measurements, i.e. which measurements to report, based on the indication of the second communication device.

As another example, the m measurements are predefined, as any m measurements are predefined, as well as a specific m measurements are predefined, as well as all measurements are predefined. Based on this example, the first communication device may itself determine m measurements, i.e. which measurements to report.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, an interval between two adjacent second time domain units in the X second time domain units is T1 second time domain units, and T1 is an integer greater than 0 or equal to 0; or the X second time domain units comprise at least two groups of second time domain units, two adjacent groups of second time domain units in the at least two groups of second time domain units are spaced by T2 second time domain units, each group of second time domain units in the at least two groups of second time domain units comprises at least two second time domain units, at least two second time domain units in each group of second time domain units are continuous, and T2 is an integer greater than 0.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first time domain unit and the second time domain unit are units in a time domain, and at least one of the second time domain units is included in the first time domain unit.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first time domain unit is a slot or a mini-slot.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second time domain unit is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first communication device receives fourth indication information from the second communication device, wherein the fourth indication information indicates the time domain position occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the fourth indication information is a bit map of at least two bits; or the fourth indication information includes one or more of the following: a starting position of the reference signal in one of the first time domain units, the number of the second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in one of the first time domain units, an interval between the reference signal in two adjacent second time domain units in one of the first time domain units, or an ending position of the reference signal in one of the first time domain units.

Alternatively, if the fourth indication information indicates part of the above-mentioned pieces of information, then other information in the pieces of information may be default, such as determined based on a pre-defined or pre-stored setting of the protocol. In this way, the first communication apparatus can determine the time domain position of the reference signal based on the content indicated by the fourth indication information and the default content.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the sending, by the first communication device, m measurement results to the second communication device includes: the first communication device sends m quantized measurement results to the second communication device, wherein the m quantized measurement results are obtained by quantizing the m measurement results by the first communication device through X1 bits, and X1 is determined by the first communication device based on fifth instruction information or predefining, and the fifth instruction information is received by the first communication device from the second communication device side.

Illustratively, the fifth indication information indicates X1, or the fifth indication information indicates that the first communication apparatus reports the measurement result of the reference signal in X1 bits.

Based on the technical scheme, when the first communication device reports m measurement results, each measurement result can be quantized according to X1 bits, and the scheme is simple and easy to implement.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the sending, by the first communication device, m measurement results to the second communication device includes: the first communication device sends m quantized measurement results to the second communication device, wherein the m quantized measurement results are obtained by quantizing m1 measurement results in the m measurement results by using X2 bits and m2 measurement results in the m measurement results by using X3 bits, m1 and m2 are integers greater than or equal to 1, and m1+m2=m, wherein X2 and/or X3 are determined by the first communication device based on sixth indication information or predefined determination, and the sixth indication information is received by the first communication device from the second communication device side.

For example, the sixth indication information indicates X2 and/or X3, or the sixth indication information indicates that the first communication apparatus reports m1 measurement results according to X2 bits and/or reports m2 measurement results according to X3 bits. For example, if the sixth indication information indicates X2 or X3, X2 and X3 may have an association relationship, so that the first communication device may determine the other according to X2 or X3 indicated by the sixth indication information and the association relationship between X2 and X3.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the reference signal corresponds to one beam direction in each of the X second time domain units, and the reference signal corresponds to a different beam direction in at least two of the X second time domain units.

Optionally, the beam directions of the reference signals on the respective second time domain units are different. Therefore, rapid beam traversal of multiple angles of a airspace can be realized, and the training data collection speed is improved.

Optionally, if the X time domain units include at least two sets of second time domain units, beam directions of the reference signal on each set of second time domain units in the at least two sets of second time domain units are different. Therefore, rapid beam traversal of multiple angles of a airspace can be realized, and the training data collection speed is improved.

Based on the technical scheme, if the reference signal is sent to the plurality of second time domain units in the first time domain unit, the beams of the reference signal on the second time domain units can be designed to be different or partially different according to actual requirements, so that rapid beam traversal of a plurality of angles of a space domain can be realized, and the training data collection speed can be improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the AI model is an AI model for beam management.

Based on the technical scheme, the AI model is an AI model for beam management, so that training data of the AI model for beam management can be collected by using the scheme of the application in beam management, and a proper beam can be selected.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the reference signal occupies a frequency domain unit on a frequency domain; or the reference signal occupies a plurality of frequency domain units on a frequency domain, the interval between two adjacent frequency domain units in the plurality of frequency domain units is T3 frequency domain units, and T3 is an integer greater than or equal to 0; or the reference signal occupies a plurality of frequency domain units on a frequency domain, the plurality of frequency domain units comprises at least two groups of frequency domain units, two adjacent groups of frequency domain units in the at least two groups of frequency domain units are separated by T4 time domain units, each group of frequency domain units in the at least two groups of frequency domain units comprises at least two frequency domain units, at least two frequency domain units in each group of frequency domain units are continuous, and T4 is an integer greater than 0.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first communication device receives sixth indication information from the second communication device, wherein the sixth indication information indicates a frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the sixth indication information is a bit map of at least two bits, or the sixth indication information indicates an index of a frequency domain unit occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first communication device receives seventh indication information from the second communication device, the seventh indication information indicating a pattern of the reference signal.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, N values of the seventh indication information have a correspondence with N patterns, where N is an integer greater than 1, and the method further includes: and the first communication device determines the pattern of the reference signal according to the corresponding relation and the value of the seventh indication information.

In a second aspect, a method of acquiring training data is provided, which may be performed by a communication device. The communication apparatus may be a communication device (such as a network device) or may be a component (such as a chip or a circuit) in a communication device, which is not limited. The second communication device will be described as an example.

The method may include: the second communication device sends reference signals to the first communication device, wherein the reference signals occupy X second time domain units in one first time domain unit, and X is an integer greater than 1; the second communication device receives m measurements of the reference signal from the first communication device, the m measurements being used for training of an artificial intelligence AI model, m being an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to X.

Optionally, X is greater than 4.

Alternatively, m is greater than 4.

Based on the above technical solution, the reference signal occupies a plurality of second time domain units in one first time domain unit, so that the first communication device may perform measurement based on the plurality of reference signals received in the first time domain unit to obtain a plurality of measurement results, and further the first communication device may report the plurality of measurement results or a part of measurement results in the plurality of measurement results, which are used for training the AI model by the second communication device. After the second communication device acquires the training data (i.e., m measurement results) of the AI model, which are acquired by the first communication device in a short time (i.e., on a plurality of second time domain units in one time domain unit), the training of the AI model can be performed according to actual needs.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second communication device sends first indication information to the first communication device, wherein the first indication information is used for triggering the first communication device to send the m measurement results.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second communication device sends second indication information to the first communication device, the second indication information indicating the m.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second communication device sends third indication information to the first communication device, where the third indication information indicates the m measurement results.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementation manners of the second aspect, an interval between two adjacent second time domain units in the X second time domain units is T1 second time domain units, and T1 is an integer greater than 0 or equal to 0; or the X second time domain units comprise at least two groups of second time domain units, two adjacent groups of second time domain units in the at least two groups of second time domain units are spaced by T2 second time domain units, each group of second time domain units in the at least two groups of second time domain units comprises at least two second time domain units, at least two second time domain units in each group of second time domain units are continuous, and T2 is an integer greater than 0.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first time domain unit is a time slot or a mini-time slot.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second time domain unit is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second communication device sends fourth indication information to the first communication device, wherein the fourth indication information indicates the time domain position occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the fourth indication information is a bit map of at least two bits; or the fourth indication information includes one or more of the following: a starting position of the reference signal in one of the first time domain units, the number of the second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in one of the first time domain units, an interval between the reference signal in two adjacent second time domain units in one of the first time domain units, or an ending position of the reference signal in one of the first time domain units.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second communication device receives m measurements of the reference signal from the first communication device, including: the second communication device receives m quantized measurement results from the first communication device, wherein the m quantized measurement results are obtained by quantizing the m measurement results by the first communication device by using X1 bits, and X1 is determined by the first communication device based on fifth instruction information or predefining, and the fifth instruction information is sent by the second communication device to the first communication device;

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second communication device receives m measurements of the reference signal from the first communication device, including: the second communication device receives m quantized measurement results from the first communication device, wherein the m quantized measurement results are obtained by quantizing m1 measurement results in the m measurement results by using X2 bits by the first communication device and m2 measurement results in the m measurement results by using X3 bits, m1 and m2 are integers greater than or equal to 1, and m1+m2=m, wherein X2 and/or X3 are determined by the first communication device based on sixth indication information or predetennined information, and the sixth indication information is transmitted to the first communication device by the second communication device.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reference signal corresponds to one beam direction in each of the X second time domain units, and the corresponding beam directions of the reference signal are different in at least two of the X second time domain units.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the AI model is an AI model for beam management.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the reference signal occupies a frequency domain unit in a frequency domain; or the reference signal occupies a plurality of frequency domain units on a frequency domain, the interval between two adjacent frequency domain units in the plurality of frequency domain units is T3 frequency domain units, and T3 is an integer greater than or equal to 0; or the reference signal occupies a plurality of frequency domain units on a frequency domain, the plurality of frequency domain units comprises at least two groups of frequency domain units, two adjacent groups of frequency domain units in the at least two groups of frequency domain units are separated by T4 time domain units, each group of frequency domain units in the at least two groups of frequency domain units comprises at least two frequency domain units, at least two frequency domain units in each group of frequency domain units are continuous, and T4 is an integer greater than 0.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second communication device sends sixth indication information to the first communication device, wherein the sixth indication information indicates the frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the sixth indication information is a bit map of at least two bits, or the sixth indication information indicates an index of a frequency domain unit occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second communication device transmits seventh indication information to the first communication device, the seventh indication information indicating a pattern of the reference signal.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, N values of the seventh indication information have a correspondence with N patterns, where N is an integer greater than 1.

Regarding the advantageous effects of the second aspect, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in the first aspect, and details are not repeated here.

In a third aspect, there is provided a communication device for performing the method provided in the first or second aspect above. In particular, the apparatus may comprise means and/or modules, such as a processing unit and/or a communication unit, for performing the method provided by any of the above-mentioned implementations of the first or second aspect. The communication device may be the first communication device or may be the second communication device.

In one implementation, the apparatus is a communication device. When the apparatus is a communication device, the communication unit may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface; the processing unit may be at least one processor. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.

In another implementation, the apparatus is a chip, a system-on-chip, or a circuit for use in a communication device. When the apparatus is a chip, a system-on-chip or a circuit used in a terminal device, the communication unit may be an input/output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or a related circuit, etc. on the chip, the system-on-chip or the circuit; the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit or logic circuit, etc.

In a fourth aspect, there is provided a communication apparatus comprising: at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor configured to execute the computer program or instructions stored in the at least one memory to perform the method provided by any one of the implementations of any one of the first or second aspects. The communication device may be the first communication device or may be the second communication device.

The communication device may also include input/output circuitry.

Optionally, the apparatus comprises at least one memory as described above.

In one implementation, the apparatus is a communication device.

In another implementation, the apparatus is a chip, a system-on-chip, or a circuit for use in a communication device.

In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a processor configured to perform the method provided in the above aspects.

The operations such as transmitting and acquiring/receiving, etc. related to the processor may be understood as operations such as output and input of the processor, and may be understood as operations such as transmitting and receiving by the radio frequency circuit and the antenna, if not specifically stated, or if not contradicted by actual function or inherent logic in the related description, which is not limited by the present application.

In a sixth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, the computer readable storage medium storing program code for execution by a device, the program code comprising instructions for performing the method provided by any one of the implementations of any one of the first or second aspects.

In a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method provided by any of the implementations of any of the first or second aspects described above.

In an eighth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface, the processor reading instructions stored on a memory through the communication interface, and performing the method provided by any implementation manner of any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

Optionally, as an implementation manner, the chip further includes a memory, where a computer program or an instruction is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program or the instruction stored in the memory, and when the computer program or the instruction is executed, the processor is configured to perform a method provided by any one of the foregoing implementation manners of the first aspect or the second aspect.

A ninth aspect provides a communication system comprising the first communication device and/or the second communication device as described above.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system 100 suitable for use in embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wide beam and a narrow beam suitable for use in embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method 300 for acquiring training data according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a communication device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of another communication device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a chip system 1200 according to an embodiment of the application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical scheme provided by the application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: fifth generation (5th generation,5G) or new wireless (NR) systems, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (time division duplex, TDD) systems, wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN) systems, satellite communication systems, future communication systems, such as sixth generation mobile communication systems, or fusion systems of multiple systems, etc. The technical solution provided by the present application may also be applied to device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine (machine to machine, M2M) communication, machine type communication (MACHINE TYPE communication, MTC), and internet of things (internet of things, ioT) communication systems or other communication systems.

One communication device in a communication system may transmit signals to or receive signals from another communication device. Wherein the signal may comprise information, signaling, data, or the like. The communication apparatus may also be replaced by a network element, an entity, a network entity, a device, a communication apparatus, a communication module, a node, a communication node, etc., which is described in this disclosure as an example. For example, the communication system may comprise at least one first communication device and at least one second communication device. The second communication device may send the reference signal to the first communication device. It will be appreciated that, as an example, the first communication device in the present disclosure may be replaced by a terminal device, and the second communication device may be replaced by a network device, both of which perform the corresponding methods in the present disclosure.

The terminal device in the embodiment of the application comprises various devices with wireless communication functions, and can be used for connecting people, objects, machines and the like. The terminal device can be widely applied to various scenes, for example: cellular communication, D2D, V2X, peer to peer (P2P), M2M, MTC, ioT, virtual Reality (VR), augmented reality (augmented reality, AR), industrial control, autopilot, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city drone, robot, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery, etc. The terminal device may be a terminal in any of the above scenarios, such as an MTC terminal, an IoT terminal, etc. The terminal device may be a User Equipment (UE) standard of the third generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project,3GPP), a terminal (terminal), a fixed device, a mobile station (mobile station) device or a mobile device, a subscriber unit (subscriber unit), a handheld device, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a cellular phone (cellular phone), a smart phone (smart phone), a session initiation protocol (session initialization protocol, SIP) phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (personal DIGITAL ASSISTANT, PDA), a computer, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a wireless modem, a handheld device (handset), a laptop computer (laptop computer), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a smart book, a vehicle, a satellite, a global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS) device, a target tracking device, an aircraft (e.g., a drone, a helicopter, a multi-helicopter, a quad-helicopter, or an airplane, etc.), a ship, a remote control device smart home device, an industrial device, or a device built into the above device (e.g., a modem, a communication module or a wireless modem of the above device), a wireless modem, a communication module or other processing device, or a wireless modem. For convenience of description, the terminal device will be described below by taking a terminal or UE as an example.

It should be appreciated that in some scenarios, the UE may also be used to act as a base station. For example, the UEs may act as scheduling entities that provide sidelink signals between UEs in a V2X, D2D or P2P or the like scenario.

In the embodiment of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the terminal device may be the terminal device, or may be a device capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the function, for example, a chip system or a chip, and the device may be installed in the terminal device. In the embodiment of the application, the chip system can be formed by a chip, and can also comprise the chip and other discrete devices.

The network device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, and the network device may also be referred to as an access network device or a radio access network device, for example, the network device may be a base station. The network device in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a radio access network (radio access network, RAN) node (or device) that accesses the terminal device to the wireless network. The base station may broadly cover or replace various names in the following, such as: a node B (NodeB), an evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a relay station, an access point, a transmission point (TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING point, TRP), a transmission point (TRANSMITTING POINT, TP), a master station, a secondary station, a multi-mode radio (MSR) node, a home base station, a network controller, an access node, a radio node, an Access Point (AP), a transmission node, a transceiver node, a baseband unit (BBU), a radio frequency remote unit (remote radio unit, RRU), an active antenna unit (ACTIVE ANTENNA unit, AAU), a radio frequency head (remote radio head, RRH), a Central Unit (CU), a Distributed Unit (DU), a positioning node, and the like. The base station may be a macro base station, a micro base station, a relay node, a donor node, or the like, or a combination thereof. A base station may also refer to a communication module, modem, or chip for placement within the aforementioned device or apparatus. The base station may also be a mobile switching center, a device that performs a base station function in D2D, V2X, M M communication, a network side device in a 6G network, a device that performs a base station function in a future communication system, or the like. The base stations may support networks of the same or different access technologies. The embodiment of the application does not limit the specific technology and the specific equipment form adopted by the network equipment.

The base station may be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone may be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells may move according to the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone may be configured to function as a device to communicate with another base station.

In the embodiment of the present application, the means for implementing the function of the network device may be the network device, or may be a means capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, for example, a chip system or a chip, and the means may be installed in the network device. In the embodiment of the application, the chip system can be formed by a chip, and can also comprise the chip and other discrete devices.

Network devices and terminal devices may be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, hand-held or vehicle-mounted; the device can be deployed on the water surface; but also on aerial planes, balloons and satellites. In the embodiment of the application, the scene where the network equipment and the terminal equipment are located is not limited. In addition, the terminal device and the network device may be hardware devices, or may be software functions running on dedicated hardware, or software functions running on general-purpose hardware, for example, be virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform), or be entities including dedicated or general-purpose hardware devices and software functions.

A communication system suitable for use in embodiments of the present application will first be briefly described as follows.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system 100 suitable for use in embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the wireless communication system includes a radio access network 100. The radio access network 100 may be a next generation (e.g., 6G or higher version) radio access network, or a legacy (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G, or 2G) radio access network. One or more terminal devices (120 a-120j, collectively 120) may be interconnected or connected to one or more network devices (110 a, 110b, collectively 110) in the radio access network 100. Fig. 1 is only a schematic diagram, and other devices may be further included in the wireless communication system, for example, a core network device, a wireless relay device, and/or a wireless backhaul device, which are not shown in fig. 1.

In practical applications, the wireless communication system may include a plurality of network devices (also referred to as access network devices) at the same time, or may include a plurality of terminal devices at the same time, which is not limited. One network device may serve one or more terminal devices simultaneously. One terminal device may also access one or more network devices simultaneously. The embodiment of the application does not limit the number of terminal equipment and network equipment included in the wireless communication system.

In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will be given for the terms involved in the embodiments of the present application.

1. Artificial intelligence (ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AI): the learning machine has learning ability, can accumulate experience, and solves the problems of natural language understanding, image recognition, chess playing and the like which can be solved by human through experience. Artificial intelligence may be understood as the intelligence exhibited by a machine made by a person. Artificial intelligence generally refers to the technology of presenting human intelligence by a computer program. The goal of artificial intelligence includes understanding intelligence by constructing computer programs with symbolically meaningful reasoning or reasoning.

2. Machine learning (MACHINE LEARNING): is one implementation of artificial intelligence. Machine learning can be categorized into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

And the supervised learning learns the mapping relation from the sample value to the sample label by using a machine learning algorithm according to the acquired sample value and the sample label, and expresses the learned mapping relation by using a machine learning model. The process of training the machine learning model is the process of learning such a mapping relationship. For example, in signal detection, a noise-containing received signal is a sample, and a true constellation point corresponding to the signal is a label. Machine learning is expected to learn the mapping between samples and labels by training, i.e., to have a machine learning model learn a signal detector. During training, model parameters are optimized by calculating the error between the predicted value of the model and the real label. Once the mapping learning is complete, the learned mapping can be used to predict the sample label for each new sample. The supervised learning mapping may include linear mapping and non-linear mapping. The learned tasks may be classified into classification tasks and regression tasks according to the type of the tag.

And the unsupervised learning utilizes an algorithm to automatically discover the internal mode of the sample according to the acquired sample value. One type of algorithm in unsupervised learning uses the sample itself as a supervisory signal, i.e., the mapping relationship of the model learning from sample to sample is called self-supervised learning. During training, model parameters are optimized by calculating errors between predicted values of the model and the samples themselves. Self-supervised learning can be used for applications of signal compression and decompression recovery, and common algorithms include self-encoders and countermeasure generation networks.

Reinforcement learning is a class of algorithms that learn a strategy to solve a problem by interacting with the environment, unlike supervised learning. Unlike supervised learning and unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning has no explicit "correct" action label data, and the algorithm needs to interact with the environment to obtain the reward signal fed back by the environment, and further adjust the decision action to obtain a larger value of the reward signal. In the downlink power control, the reinforcement learning model adjusts downlink transmission power of each user according to the total system throughput rate fed back by the wireless network, so that higher system throughput rate is expected to be obtained. The goal of reinforcement learning is also to learn the mapping between the environmental state and the optimal decision action. However, since the label of "correct action" cannot be obtained in advance, the network cannot be optimized by calculating an error between the action and the "correct action". Reinforcement learning training is achieved through iterative interactions with the environment.

Furthermore, deep learning is also an important branch in machine learning. Deep learning relies on the learning algorithm, and a neural network architecture is adopted to realize the establishment of the mapping relation between input data and network output. According to the general approximation theorem, the neural network can theoretically approximate any continuous function, so that the neural network has the capability of learning any mapping. While the conventional communication system needs to design a communication module by means of abundant expert knowledge, the deep learning-based communication system can automatically discover an implicit mode structure from a large number of data sets, establish a mapping relation between data and obtain performance superior to that of the conventional modeling method.

Deep learning algorithms can generally be divided into two main phases, a training phase and an reasoning phase. In the training stage, a large amount of data is needed to be relied on, so that the network learns the mapping relation between the input and the output, and therefore, the quality of the training data can directly influence the performance of an AI algorithm. After training is completed, the deep learning algorithm is used in the reasoning stage to infer the corresponding output result by inputting data.

3. AI model: the method is an algorithm or a computer program capable of realizing an AI function, the AI model characterizes the mapping relation between the input and the output of the model, or the AI model is a function model mapping the input with a certain dimension to the output with a certain dimension, and the parameters of the function model can be obtained through machine learning training. For example, f (x) =ax ² +b is a quadratic function model, which can be regarded as an AI model, and a and b are parameters of the AI model, and a and b can be obtained through machine learning training. Illustratively, the AI model referred to in the following embodiments of the present application is not limited to being a neural network, a linear regression model, a decision tree model, a support vector machine (support vector machine, SVM), a bayesian network, a Q learning model, or other machine learning (MACHINE LEARNING, ML) model.

AI model design mainly includes a data collection link (e.g., collecting training data and/or reasoning data), a model training link, and a model reasoning link. Further, an inference result application link can be included. In the foregoing data collection procedure, a data source (data source) is used to provide training data sets and reasoning data. In the model training link, an AI model is obtained by analyzing or training data (TRAINING DATA) provided by a data source. The AI model is obtained through model training node learning, which is equivalent to obtaining the mapping relation between the input and the output of the AI model through training data learning. In the model reasoning link, an AI model trained by the model training link is used for reasoning based on the reasoning data provided by the data source, so as to obtain a reasoning result. The link can also be understood as: the reasoning data is input into an AI model, and output is obtained through the AI model, and the output is a reasoning result. The inference results may indicate: configuration parameters used (performed) by the execution object, and/or operations performed by the execution object. The issuing of the inference results is performed in the inference result application link, for example, the inference results may be uniformly planned by the execution (actor) entity, for example, the execution entity may send the inference results to one or more execution objects (for example, a core network device, an access network device, or a terminal device, etc.) for execution. For another example, the executing entity can also feed back the performance of the AI model to the data source, so that the updating training of the AI model can be conveniently carried out subsequently.

It is understood that the implementation of the AI model may be, without limitation, a hardware circuit, or may be software, or may be a combination of software and hardware. Non-limiting examples of software include: program code, program, subroutine, instructions, instruction set, code segments, software modules, applications, or software applications, or the like.

4. Training data set: the amount and quality of data used for model training, model verification, or model testing in machine learning will affect the effectiveness of machine learning. The training data may include inputs to the AI model, or include inputs to the AI model and target outputs. The target output is a target value of the output of the AI model, and may also be referred to as an output truth value, a comparison truth value, a label or a label sample.

5. Model training: and training the model parameters by selecting a proper loss function and utilizing an optimization algorithm to enable the value of the loss function to be smaller than a threshold or enable the value of the loss function to meet the target requirement. The loss function is used to measure the difference between the predicted and actual values of the model.

6. Channel: or wireless channel, is a description of the path between a transmitting end and a receiving end in wireless communications. For radio waves, which are transmitted from a transmitting end to a receiving end without a physical connection therebetween, it is also possible that there is more than one propagation path, and in order to visually describe the operation between the transmitting end and the receiving end, it is conceivable to have a link channel between them that is invisible and is called a channel.

7. Cell: and the wireless coverage area identified by the base station identification code or the global cell identification code is adopted. In wireless communication, a cell is not a fixed spatial location concept, but a virtual spatial concept, which indicates the spatial range in which the same base station identity is received.

8. The resource: the data or information may be carried over resources.

In the frequency domain, the resource may include one or more frequency domain units. A frequency domain unit may be a Resource Element (RE), or a Resource Block (RB), or a sub-channel (sub-channel), or a resource pool (resource pool), or a bandwidth part (BWP), or a carrier, or a channel, or an interlace (RB), etc.

9. And (3) a sky surface: the antenna array surface is an antenna array system formed by arranging a plurality of same antennas according to a certain rule in principle, and is mainly used for enhancing the directivity of the antennas, improving the gain coefficient of the antennas or obtaining the required directional characteristic.

10. Beam: is a communication resource. The beam may be embodied in the NR protocol as a spatial filter (SPATIAL FILTER), or spatial filter (SPATIAL FILTER) or spatial parameter (SPATIAL PARAMETERS). The beam used to transmit the signal may be referred to as a transmit beam (transmission beam, tx beam), may be referred to as a spatial transmit filter (spatial domain TRANSMIT FILTER) or spatial transmit parameters (spatial domain TRANSMIT PARAMETER); the beam used to receive the signal may be referred to as a receive beam (Rx beam), may be referred to as a spatial receive filter (spatial domain RECEIVE FILTER) or spatial receive parameters (spatial domain RECEIVE PARAMETER).

The transmit beam may refer to a distribution of signal strengths formed in spatially different directions after a signal is transmitted through an antenna, and the receive beam may refer to a signal strength distribution of a wireless signal received from the antenna in spatially different directions.

It should be understood that the above listed NR protocols are examples of beam embodiments and should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. The present application does not exclude the possibility of defining other terms in future protocols to represent the same or similar meanings.

Furthermore, the beam may be a wide beam, or a narrow beam, or other type of beam. The technique of forming the beam may be a beamforming technique or other technique. The beamforming technique may specifically be a digital beamforming technique, an analog beamforming technique, or a hybrid digital/analog beamforming technique, etc. Different beams may be considered different resources. The same information or different information may be transmitted through different beams.

As an example, when using a low frequency band or an intermediate frequency band, the signal may be transmitted omnidirectionally or through a wider angle; when the high-frequency band is used, due to the smaller carrier wave wavelength of the high-frequency communication system, the antenna array formed by a plurality of antenna arrays can be arranged at the transmitting end and the receiving end, the transmitting end transmits signals with a certain beam forming weight, so that the transmitted signals form beams with space directivity, and meanwhile, the receiving end receives the signals with the antenna array with the certain beam forming weight, so that the receiving power of the signals at the receiving end can be improved, and the path loss is resisted.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wide beam and a narrow beam suitable for use in embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 2 (a), the network device and the terminal device may communicate with each other through a wide beam or through a narrow beam. As shown in fig. 2 (b), the narrow beam has a spotlight-like effect, and the limited transmission energy is converged in a narrow direction, so that the coverage of the network device can be greatly improved.

11. Beam management: a suitable set of beam pairs is established and maintained between the network device and the terminal device, and for downlink transmission, the network side needs to select a suitable transmit beam, the terminal side needs to select a suitable receive beam, and the above-mentioned beam selection process may also be referred to as service beam selection, in combination to form a set of beam pairs to maintain a good radio connection.

Currently, beam selection is mainly done by reference signals and corresponding beam measurements. Specifically, the network side configures reference signal resources for the terminal side according to the user capacity and the network resources, after the configuration is completed, the network side sends reference signals to the terminal side according to the configuration, the terminal side measures the reference signals and feeds back measurement results to the network side, and the network side performs transmission beam configuration according to the measurement results reported by the terminal.

When the AI model is used in beam management, a large amount of training data needs to be collected, that is, the network side needs to configure a large amount of reference signals for measurement on the terminal side.

The reference signals currently used for beam management mainly include two types of synchronization signal blocks (synchronization signal block, SSB) and channel state information reference signals (channel status information REFERENCE SIGNAL, CSI-RS).

The SSB is a cell broadcast signal, and includes a primary synchronization signal (primary synchronization signal, PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (secondary synchronization signal, SSS), a physical broadcast channel (physical broadcast channel, PBCH), and a demodulation reference signal (demodulation REFERENCE SIGNAL, DMRS). The network device broadcasts the SSB periodically (e.g., 20 ms in period). The functions of SSB are not limited to beam management, but include cell search, initial access, time-frequency synchronization, carrying system broadcast information, etc. SSB may be considered a wide beam signal. If the network side frequently sends the SSB, the terminal side frequently measures the SSB, which causes larger measurement overhead, and the fixed period can cause longer time for data collection, which is unfavorable for the collection of training data of the neural network.

The CSI-RS is a user level signal, and the network side configures one or more sets of CSI-RS resources for the user according to practical situations, such as the number of antenna ports and the number of users. The function of CSI-RS is not limited to beam management, but also includes channel quality measurement, etc. CSI-RS may be considered a narrow beam signal. Because the configuration of the CSI-RS is limited by the number of antenna ports and the number of users, the CSI-RS cannot be configured densely in the time domain. In addition, the configuration capability of the CSI-RS resource set (resource set) is limited, the network side can configure at most 16 CSI-RSResourceSet, each CSI-RSResourceSet contains at most 64 CSI-RS, and the total number of CSI-RS resources configured by the network side is not more than 128. When the network side antenna surface is large, the possible beam direction of the CSI-RS exceeds the maximum configuration number of the CSI-RS supported currently, so that part of beam directions cannot be measured, and the performance of the AI model is affected.

In view of the above, the present application proposes a method that is beneficial for solving or improving the above-mentioned problems.

It should be noted that, in the present application, the "indication" may include a direct indication, an indirect indication, an explicit indication, or an implicit indication. When a certain indication information is described for indicating a, it is understood that the indication information carries a, which may be direct indication a or indirect indication a. The indirect indication may be that the indication information directly indicates B and the correspondence between B and a, so as to achieve the purpose of indicating a by the indication information. The correspondence between B and a may be predefined by a protocol, pre-stored, or obtained by configuration between communication devices.

In the application, the information indicated by the indication information is called information to be indicated. In a specific implementation process, there are various ways to indicate the information to be indicated, for example, but not limited to, the information to be indicated may be directly indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or an index of the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can also be indicated indirectly by indicating other information, wherein the other information and the information to be indicated have an association relation. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of the specific information may also be achieved by means of a pre-agreed (e.g., protocol-specified) arrangement sequence of the respective information, thereby reducing the indication overhead to some extent. In addition, the information to be indicated can be sent together as a whole or can be divided into a plurality of pieces of sub-information to be sent separately, and the sending periods and/or sending occasions of the pieces of sub-information can be the same or different.

It should be noted that at least one item referred to in the present application indicates one item or a plurality of items. Plural (items) means two (items) or more than two (items). "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. In addition, it should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used in the present application to describe various objects, these objects should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one object from another.

The method provided by the embodiment of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiment provided by the application can be applied to the communication system shown in fig. 1, and is not limited.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method 300 for acquiring training data according to an embodiment of the present application. The method 300 shown in fig. 3 may include the following steps.

The first communication device receives reference signals from the second communication device, the reference signals occupying X second time domain units within one first time domain unit 310.

Wherein X is an integer greater than 1. Optionally, X is greater than 4.

Wherein the second time domain unit may be considered as a time domain unit within the first time domain unit. In particular, the first time domain unit may include a plurality of second time domain units, and the X second time domain units may be part of or all of the plurality of second time domain units.

In one example, a first time domain unit is a slot and a second time domain unit is a symbol, such as an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM) symbol. In another example, one first time domain unit is one mini-slot and one second time domain unit is one symbol, such as one OFDM symbol.

It will be appreciated that the first time domain unit may be considered a large time domain unit and the second time domain unit may be considered a small time domain unit of the large time domain unit, and embodiments of the present application are not limited with respect to the specific form or specific naming of the first time domain unit and the second time domain unit.

It will also be appreciated that in embodiments of the present application, a reference signal occupies a second time domain unit in the time domain, in other words, a reference signal is transmitted over a second time domain unit. In step 310, the first communication device receives a reference signal from the second communication device, where the reference signal occupies X second time domain units in one first time domain unit, and may be replaced by: the first communication device receives X reference signals from the second communication device, wherein the X reference signals occupy X second time domain units in one first time domain unit. There is no limitation regarding the number of frequency domain units occupied by one reference signal in the frequency domain.

As an example, the first communication means is a terminal device or a component in a terminal device, such as a chip or a circuit; the second communication means is a network device or a component in a network device, such as a chip or a circuit.

The first communication device performs measurement based on the reference signal, and obtains a measurement result of the reference signal 320.

For convenience of description, it is assumed that the first communication apparatus performs measurement based on the reference signal, resulting in M measurement results. Alternatively, M is greater than 4. Specifically, in step X310, the first communication device receives X reference signals, and the first communication device performs measurement based on the X reference signals to obtain M measurement results, where M may be smaller than X, that is, the first communication device may perform measurement based on the received part of the reference signals to obtain M measurement results, where M is smaller than X; or M may be equal to X, that is, the first communication device may perform measurement based on all the received reference signals, thereby obtaining X measurement results. It can be appreciated that the embodiment of the present application is not limited to whether the terminal device measures a part of reference signals or all reference signals in the X reference signals. For convenience of description, the first communication device performs measurement based on the reference signal, and M measurement results are taken as an example for illustration.

Wherein one measurement of the reference signal may comprise, for example, one or more of: the reference signal received power (REFERENCE SIGNAL RECEIVING power, RSRP) (or RSRP measurement) may be a received signal strength indicator (RECEIVED SIGNAL STRENGTH indicator, RSSI) (or RSSI measurement), or signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (signal to interference plus noise ratio, SINR) (or SINR measurement).

The first communication device sends m measurement results to the second communication device, the measurement results of the reference signal including m measurement results, the m measurement results being used for training of the AI model 330.

Wherein m is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to X. Alternatively, m is greater than 4.

As an example, training of the AI model is deployed on the second communication device side. The second communication device measures training data (e.g., one or more measurement results of the reference signal) obtained by the first communication device by acquiring the reference signal, and uses the training data acquired from the first communication device side for training of the AI model.

Optionally, the AI model is an AI model for beam management. In this scenario, the tag of the AI model may be, for example, information of reference signals corresponding to the m measurement results or may be information of m beams corresponding to the m measurement results, and is, for example, m beam IDs.

Taking the AI model for beam management as an example, in this scenario, the reference signal is, as an example, a reference signal dedicated to beam management. The reference signal may be a newly designed reference signal, such as a reference signal different from an existing reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB, etc.); or a new type of reference signal based on the existing reference signal, such as a new CSI-RS, which is dedicated to beam management. Based on the above, the reference signal is dedicated to beam management, so that the second communication device can send the reference signal according to the actual requirement, for example, the reference signal can be denser in the time domain according to the actual requirement and the actual communication environment, and further measurement can be performed based on the denser reference signal in the time domain, thereby facilitating collection of the AI model training data.

It is understood that the application scenario of the AI model may be used for other scenarios besides beam management, such as AI model-based channel state information (channel status information, CSI) feedback or CSI prediction, AI model-based positioning, etc. The embodiment of the application is not limited to the specific application scene of the AI model.

Optionally, the method 300 further comprises: the first communication device receives first indication information from the second communication device, wherein the first indication information is used for triggering the first communication device to send m measurement results; the first communication device transmitting m measurement results to the second communication device, comprising: in response to the first indication information, the first communication device transmits m measurement results to the second communication device. Based on this, the first communication device may determine to report m measurement results to the second communication device based on the indication of the second communication device, in other words, the first communication device may determine to report m measurement results to the second communication device based on the trigger of the second communication device.

For example, there are multiple reporting modes of the first communication device, such as a reporting mode (e.g. denoted as mode # 1) for reporting m measurement results and one or more other reporting modes provided by the present application, and the first communication device may determine which reporting mode to use according to the indication of the second communication device. The reporting mode of the first communication device may indicate how many measurement results the first communication device specifically reports. For example, the pattern #1 indicates that the first communication device reports m measurement results, and the other reporting model (e.g. denoted as pattern # 2) indicates that the first communication device reports z measurement results (z is an integer greater than 1 or equal to 1 and less than m), in other words, if the reporting pattern is pattern #1, the first communication device reports m measurement results; if the reporting mode is mode #2, the first communication device reports z measurement results.

In one example, the first indication information may be implemented by one or more bits. For example, assuming that whether the first communication apparatus reports in the mode #1 is instructed by 1 bit, if the bit is set to "0", it means that the first communication apparatus reports in the mode # 1; if the bit is set to "1", it indicates that the first communication apparatus does not report in mode # 1. In the case that there are multiple reporting modes, i.e. the value of m is variable, a specific value of m may be indicated by multiple bits. It is to be understood that the above is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive.

In another example, the first indication information is a special field, and the first communication device may determine the reporting mode according to whether the special field is received. For example, if the first communication device receives the special field (i.e., the first indication information), it is determined to report in mode # 1; if the first communication device does not receive the special field (i.e. the first indication information), it is determined that the reporting is not performed in mode # 1. It is to be understood that the above is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive.

The foregoing is illustrative, and is not limiting. For example, the first communication device may also default, such as determining whether to report using mode #1 based on a protocol predefined or pre-stored setting.

Optionally, the determination of m includes the following two implementations.

In one possible implementation, the first communication device determines m according to an indication of the second communication device. Illustratively, the second communication device sends second indication information to the first communication device, the second indication information indicating m; and the first communication device determines m according to the second indication information, and then the first communication device reports m measurement results.

In another possible implementation, the first communication device defaults, such as determining, based on a predefined or pre-stored setting of the protocol, the value of m, and the first communication device reports m measurement results.

Optionally, the determination manner of the m measurement results includes the following two manners.

In one possible implementation, the first communication device determines m measurement results according to an instruction of the second communication device. Illustratively, the second communication device sends third indication information to the first communication device, the third indication information indicating m measurement results; the first communication device determines m measurement results according to the third indication information, and then the first communication device reports the m measurement results.

For example, the third indication information indicates that the m measurement results are specific m measurement results. Taking the measurement result as RSRP as an example, the specific m measurement results may be, for example, larger m RSRP; or may also include a larger m ' RSRP and a smaller m "RSRP, m ' and m" being integers greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to m, and m ' +m "=m.

For another example, the third indication information indicates that the m measurement results are arbitrary m measurement results. It will be appreciated that the m measurements, in particular which m measurements, may be determined for the first communication device based on its requirements.

For another example, the third indication information indicates that the M measurement results are all measurement results, i.e., M measurement results.

In another possible implementation, the first communication device defaults, e.g. determines based on a protocol predefined or pre-stored setting, m measurements, and the first communication device reports the m measurements. Assuming that the first communication device performs measurement based on the reference signal, M measurement results are obtained, and optionally, the M measurement results are any one of the following: m measurements, any M of the M measurements, a particular M of the M measurements. For a specific m measurement results, reference may be made to the foregoing description, and no further description is given here.

Alternatively, the following two implementations may be included with respect to a specific reporting manner.

One possible implementation way, the first communication device reports m measurement results.

For example, if the first communication device reports all measurement results, the first communication device may sequentially report measurement results of each reference signal according to a preset rule, such as index (index) based on the reference signal, e.g. report measurement results of each reference signal sequentially from low to high or from high to low according to index. Accordingly, the second communication device defaults, e.g., based on a predefined or pre-stored setting of the protocol, and the first communication device reports sequentially according to index of the reference signal, e.g., sequentially from low to high or from high to low according to index.

Assume that the first communication device transmits m measurement results to the second communication device through Channel State Information (CSI) report (CSI report), and that the measurement result is RSRP, based on this implementation, the CSI report is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

In another possible implementation manner, the first communication device reports m measurement results and indexes (such as identifiers (RS resource indicator) of reference signal resources) of reference signals corresponding to the m measurement results. In this way, the reference signal corresponding to the measurement result can be obtained directly based on the index of the reference signal, that is, the measurement results of which reference signals are reported by the first communication device can be obtained. As an example, the m measurement results and the index of the reference signal corresponding to the m measurement results may be carried in the same message, such as the same CSI report.

Assume that the first communication device sends m measurement results and RS resource indicator corresponding to the m measurement results to the second communication device through CSI report, and the measurement result is RSRP, and based on this implementation, the CSI report is shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

In the embodiment of the present application, in consideration of signaling overhead, the measurement result reported by the first communication device may be a quantized measurement result. Two possible implementations are described below.

In a first possible implementation, all measurements of the m measurements are reported in X1 bits.

Illustratively, the first communication device receives fifth indication information, where the fifth indication information indicates X1 or the fifth indication information indicates that the first communication device reports a measurement result of the reference signal according to X1 bits; in response to the fifth indication information, the first communication apparatus transmits m quantized measurement results, wherein the m quantized measurement results are obtained by quantizing the m measurement results by the first communication apparatus using X1 bits. The specific manner of quantifying the measurement result by the communication device is not limited, and reference may be made to the existing manner.

As an example, the specific value of X1 may be configured according to the actual training requirements.

The above-described knowledge of the quantization by X1 bits by the fifth instruction information is exemplified, and this is not limited. For example, the first communication device you can also quantize by X1 bits according to default, e.g. based on a pre-defined or pre-stored setting of the protocol.

In a second possible implementation, part of the m measurement results are reported according to X2 bits, and the rest of the m measurement results are reported according to X3 bits.

Illustratively, the first communication device receives sixth indication information, where the sixth indication information indicates X2 and/or X3, or the sixth indication information indicates that the first communication device reports m1 measurement results according to X2 bits and/or reports m2 measurement results according to X3 bits; in response to the sixth indication information, the first communication device transmits m1 quantized measurement results and m2 quantized measurement results, wherein the m1 quantized measurement results are obtained by quantizing the m1 measurement results by using X2 bits by the first communication device, and the m2 quantized measurement results are obtained by quantizing the m2 measurement results by using X3 bits by the first communication device. Wherein the m measurement results include m1 measurement results and m2 measurement results, m1 and m2 are integers greater than or equal to 1, and m1+m2=m. The specific manner of quantifying the measurement result by the communication device is not limited, and reference may be made to the existing manner.

For example, the sixth indication information indicates that the first communication apparatus reports m1 measurement results according to X2 bits and reports m2 measurement results according to X3 bits, and the first communication apparatus determines X2 and X3 according to the sixth indication information. For another example, the sixth indication information instructs the first communication apparatus to report m1 measurement results according to X2 bits, the first communication apparatus determines X2 according to the sixth indication information, and X2 is associated with X3, so the first communication apparatus can learn X3 based on X2, that is, the first communication apparatus determines to report measurement results (i.e., m2 measurement results) other than m1 measurement results among m measurement results according to X3 bits associated with X2. For another example, the sixth indication information instructs the first communication apparatus to report m2 measurement results according to X3 bits, the first communication apparatus determines X3 according to the sixth indication information, and X3 is associated with X2, so the first communication apparatus can learn X2 based on X3, that is, the first communication apparatus determines to report measurement results (i.e., m1 measurement results) other than m2 measurement results among the m measurement results according to X2 bits associated with X3.

Wherein the m1 measurement results may be, for example, the highest one or a plurality of higher RSRP; the m2 measurement results may be, for example, RSRP other than the m1 RSRP out of the m RSRP. Or the m1 measurement results may be the highest one RSRP, and the m2 measurement results may be, for example, the difference between the remaining RSRP of the m RSRP and the highest RSRP, where X2 may be greater than X3.

As an example, the specific values of X2 and/or X3 may be configured according to actual training requirements.

The above-mentioned knowledge of reporting m1 measurement results according to X2 bits and reporting m2 measurement results according to X3 bits by the sixth indication information is an exemplary illustration, and is not limited thereto. For example, the first communication device may also report m1 measurements in X2 bits and m2 measurements in X3 bits according to a default, e.g. predefined or pre-stored settings determination based on the protocol.

The above description has been given of a specific scheme for reporting, and the following description will refer to the time-frequency domain position of the reference signal by taking a first time domain unit as a slot and taking a second time domain unit as an OFDM symbol as an example. It will be appreciated that the above reporting scheme and the scheme of time-frequency domain location of the reference signal described below may be used in combination, or may be used alone, without limitation.

Alternatively, the time domain position of the reference signal may include the following two schemes.

In scheme 1, T1 second time domain units are located between two adjacent second time domain units in the X second time domain units, and T1 is an integer greater than 0 or equal to 0. In the present application, "T1 second time domain units are located between two adjacent second time domain units in X second time domain units" may also be expressed as "two adjacent second time domain units in X second time domain units are separated by T1 second time domain units".

The following description will be made in connection with two cases.

Case 1, T1 equals 0. In this case, the reference signal occupies a plurality of second time domain units within the first time domain unit, and the plurality of second time domain units are consecutive.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present application. Assume that one first time domain unit is a slot, one second time domain unit is an OFDM symbol, and 14 OFDM symbols are included in one slot. As shown in fig. 4, 1 reference signal occupies 1 OFDM symbol in the time domain, where each reference signal occupies 1 subcarrier, that is, subcarrier 6 in the frequency domain, the first communication device may receive 14 reference signals in 1 slot, the 14 reference signals occupy 14 OFDM symbols in the time domain, and the 14 OFDM symbols are: OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 1, OFDM symbol 2, OFDM symbol 3, OFDM symbol 4, OFDM symbol 5, OFDM symbol 6, OFDM symbol 7, OFDM symbol 8, OFDM symbol 9, OFDM symbol 10, OFDM symbol 11, OFDM symbol 12, OFDM symbol 13. It can be seen that the 14 OFDM symbols are consecutive OFDM symbols.

Case 2, T1 is greater than 0. In this case, the reference signal occupies a plurality of time domain units in the time domain, and a space between two adjacent time domain units among the plurality of time domain units is T1 time domain units.

Fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application. Assume that one first time domain unit is a slot, one second time domain unit is an OFDM symbol, and 14 OFDM symbols are included in one slot. As shown in fig. 5, 1 reference signal occupies 1 OFDM symbol in the time domain, where each reference signal occupies 1 subcarrier, that is, subcarrier 6 in the frequency domain, the first communication device may receive 7 reference signals in 1 slot, the 7 reference signals occupy 7 OFDM symbols in the time domain, and the 7 OFDM symbols are: OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 2, OFDM symbol 4, OFDM symbol 6, OFDM symbol 8, OFDM symbol 10, OFDM symbol 12. It can be seen that every adjacent two of the 7 OFDM symbols are separated by 1 OFDM symbol, i.e. t1=1.

It will be appreciated that the above embodiment 1 is an exemplary illustration, and is not limited thereto, and modifications belonging to the above embodiment are applicable to the embodiment of the present application. For example, two second time domain units adjacent to each other in the plurality of second time domain units are separated by T1 second time domain units, two second time domain units adjacent to each other in the plurality of second time domain units are separated by T1' second time domain units, T1' is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and T1 is not equal to T1 '. As another example, a greater or lesser number of OFDM symbols may be included within a slot. For another example, the starting position of the second time domain units may be OFDM symbol 0, or may be another position (such as a middle OFDM symbol), which is not limited.

Scheme 2, wherein the x second time domain units include at least two sets of second time domain units, the T2 second time domain units are located between two adjacent sets of second time domain units in the at least two sets of second time domain units, at least one set of second time domain units in the at least two sets of second time domain units includes at least two second time domain units, the at least two second time domain units are continuous, and T2 is an integer greater than 0.

Based on this scheme, for convenience of description, the second time domain units that are continuous in time domain may be considered as a set of second time domain units, and the reference signal occupies at least two sets of second time domain units in 1 first time domain unit, and a time interval between two adjacent sets of second time domain units in the at least two sets of second time domain units is T2 second time domain units.

Fig. 6 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application. Assume that one first time domain unit is a slot, one second time domain unit is an OFDM symbol, and 14 OFDM symbols are included in one slot. As shown in fig. 6, 1 reference signal occupies 1 OFDM symbol in the time domain, the first communication device may receive 10 reference signals (or 5 sets of reference signals, each set including 2 reference signals) in 1 slot, where each reference signal occupies 1 subcarrier, that is, subcarrier 6, in the frequency domain, and the 10 reference signals occupy 5 sets of OFDM symbols in the time domain, and the 5 sets of OFDM symbols are: a set of OFDM symbols comprising OFDM symbol 0 and OFDM symbol 1, a set of OFDM symbols comprising OFDM symbol 3 and OFDM symbol 4, a set of OFDM symbols comprising OFDM symbol 6 and OFDM symbol 7, a set of OFDM symbols comprising OFDM symbol 9 and OFDM symbol 10, a set of OFDM symbols comprising OFDM symbol 12 and OFDM symbol 13. It can be seen that two adjacent sets of OFDM symbols are separated by 1 OFDM symbol, i.e. t2=1.

It will be appreciated that scheme 2 above is an exemplary illustration and is not limited in this regard. For example, in at least two sets of second time domain units, two sets of second time domain units are partially adjacent to each other by T2' second time domain units, T2' is an integer greater than 0, and T2 is not equal to T2 '. For another example, the number of sets of second time domain units in the at least two sets of second time domain units are not all equal. As another example, a greater or lesser number of OFDM symbols may be included within a slot. For another example, the starting position of the at least two second time domain units may be OFDM symbol 0, or may be another position (such as a middle OFDM symbol), which is not limited.

Alternatively, the frequency domain location of the reference signal may include the following three schemes.

Scheme 1, the reference signal occupies one frequency domain unit on the frequency domain.

Based on the scheme, the reference signal occupies a plurality of second time domain units in one first time domain unit and occupies one frequency domain unit in the frequency domain.

For example, taking the example shown in fig. 4 as an example, 14 reference signals occupy 14 OFDM symbols within 1 slot, and the 14 reference signals occupy one subcarrier, namely subcarrier 6, in the frequency domain. As another example, taking the example shown in fig. 5 as an example, 7 reference signals occupy 7 OFDM symbols within 1 slot, and the 7 reference signals occupy one subcarrier, namely subcarrier 6, in the frequency domain. As another example, taking the example shown in fig. 6 as an example, 10 reference signals occupy 10 OFDM symbols within 1 slot, and the 10 reference signals occupy one subcarrier, namely subcarrier 6, in the frequency domain.

In scheme 2, the reference signal occupies a plurality of frequency domain units on the frequency domain, two adjacent frequency domain units in the plurality of frequency domain units are separated by T3 frequency domain units, and T3 is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

Based on the scheme, the reference signal occupies a plurality of second time domain units in one first time domain unit, occupies a plurality of frequency domain units in a frequency domain, and the frequency domain units occupied by two adjacent reference signals in the reference signal are separated by T3 time domain units.

Optionally, the positions of the reference signals in the time domain are the same on each of the plurality of frequency domain units.

Case 1, T3 equals 0. In this case, the reference signal occupies a plurality of frequency domain units on the frequency domain, and the plurality of frequency domain units are consecutive frequency domain units.

Fig. 7 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the first communication apparatus may receive 7 reference signals within 1 slot, the 7 reference signals occupying 7 OFDM symbols in the time domain, wherein each reference signal occupies 2 subcarriers in the frequency domain, namely subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1. It can be seen that the subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1 are consecutive subcarriers. Further, as an example, on subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1, the positions of the reference signals in the time domain are the same, e.g., on subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1, the positions of the reference signals in the time domain are: OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 2, OFDM symbol 4, OFDM symbol 6, OFDM symbol 8, OFDM symbol 10, OFDM symbol 12.

Case 2, T3 is greater than 0. In this case, the reference signal occupies a plurality of frequency domain units on the frequency domain, and a space between adjacent two frequency domain units among the plurality of frequency domain units is T3 frequency domain units.

Fig. 8 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the first communication device may receive 7 reference signals within 1 slot, the 7 reference signals occupy 7 OFDM symbols in the time domain, wherein each reference signal occupies 3 subcarriers in the frequency domain, namely subcarrier 0, subcarrier 4, and subcarrier 8. It can be seen that each adjacent two of the 3 subcarriers are separated by 3 subcarriers, i.e., t3=3. Further, as an example, on subcarrier 0, subcarrier 4, subcarrier 8, the positions of the reference signals in the time domain are the same, e.g., on subcarrier 0, subcarrier 4, subcarrier 8, the positions of the reference signals in the time domain are: OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 2, OFDM symbol 4, OFDM symbol 6, OFDM symbol 8, OFDM symbol 10, OFDM symbol 12.

It will be appreciated that scheme 2 above is an exemplary illustration and is not limited in this regard. For example, a part of two adjacent frequency domain units in the plurality of frequency domain units are separated by T3 frequency domain units, a part of two adjacent frequency domain units are separated by T3' frequency domain units, T3' is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and T3 is not equal to T3 '.

In scheme 3, the reference signal occupies a plurality of frequency domain units on a frequency domain, the plurality of frequency domain units includes at least two sets of frequency domain units, an interval between two adjacent sets of frequency domain units in the at least two sets of frequency domain units is T4 frequency domain units, wherein each set of frequency domain units in the at least two sets of frequency domain units includes at least two frequency domain units, and at least two frequency domain units in each set of frequency domain units are continuous, and T4 is an integer greater than 0.

Based on this scheme, for convenience of description, the frequency domain units that are continuous in the frequency domain may be considered as a set of frequency domain units, and the reference signal occupies at least two sets of frequency domain units in the frequency domain, where a time interval between two adjacent sets of frequency domain units in the at least two sets of frequency domain units is T4 frequency domain units.

Fig. 9 is another schematic diagram of a reference signal provided according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, the first communication apparatus may receive 7 reference signals in 1 slot, where the 7 reference signals occupy 7 OFDM symbols in the time domain, and each reference signal occupies 2 groups of subcarriers in the frequency domain, and the 2 groups of subcarriers are: a set of subcarriers comprising subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1, a set of subcarriers comprising subcarrier 6 and subcarrier 7. It can be seen that 4 sub-carriers are spaced between adjacent groups of sub-carriers, i.e. t4=4.

It will be appreciated that scheme 3 above is an exemplary illustration and is not limited in this regard. For example, a part of two adjacent sets of frequency domain units in the at least two sets of frequency domain units are separated by T4 frequency domain units, a part of two adjacent sets of frequency domain units are separated by T4' frequency domain units, T4' is an integer greater than 0, and T4 is not equal to T4 '. As another example, the number of frequency domain units in each of the at least two sets of frequency domain units is not all equal.

The above describes the time-frequency domain position of the reference signal, and the following describes the determination method of the time-frequency domain resource.

Alternatively, the first communication apparatus may learn the time-frequency domain resource of the reference signal through any one of the following schemes.

In the scheme 1, the first communication apparatus receives the indication information #1 (i.e., fourth indication information) from the second communication apparatus, the indication information #1 indicating the time domain position occupied by the reference signal, and the indication information #2 indicating the frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal.

Based on this scheme, the first communication apparatus can learn the time domain resource and the frequency domain resource occupied by the reference signal through the indication information #1 and the indication information # 2.

The indication information #1 and the indication information #2 may be carried in the same signaling, or may be carried in different signaling, without limitation. As an example, the indication information #1 and the indication information #2 are carried in the same signaling, such as radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) signaling. The implementation of the indication information #1 and the indication information #2 is described below.

Optionally, the fifth indication information and the indication information #1 and/or the indication information #2 may be carried in the same signaling, or may also be carried in different signaling, without limitation. Alternatively, the sixth indication information and the indication information #1 and/or the indication information #2 may be carried in the same signaling, or may be carried in different signaling, without limitation.

1) Indication information #1

In a first possible implementation, the indication information #1 is a bitmap of at least two bits. Assuming that the bit value corresponding to the second time domain unit is "1" to indicate that the second time domain unit has a reference signal, and the bit value corresponding to the second time domain unit is "0" to indicate that the second time domain unit has no reference signal. For example, taking the example shown in fig. 4 as an example, the indication information #1 may pass through a 14-bit bitmap, and the 14-bit bitmap is denoted as "11111111111111". For another example, taking the example shown in fig. 5 as an example, the indication information #1 may pass through a 14-bit bitmap, and the 14-bit bitmap is denoted as "10101010101010". For another example, taking the example shown in fig. 6 as an example, the indication information #1 may pass through a 14-bit bitmap, and the 14-bit bitmap is denoted as "11011011011011". It will be appreciated that the above examples are illustrative and that embodiments of the application are not limited thereto.

A second possible implementation manner, the indication information #1 includes any one of the following: a starting position of the reference signal in a first time domain unit, a number of second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in the first time domain unit, an interval between two adjacent second time domain units of the reference signal in the first time domain unit, or an ending position of the reference signal in the first time domain unit.

Example 1, the indication information #1 includes a start position of the reference signal within one first time domain unit.

For example, the number of second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in one first time domain unit and the intervals of the reference signal in two adjacent second time domain units in one first time domain unit may be defaulted (as determined based on a predefined or prestored setting of the protocol), so that the time domain resource occupied by the reference signal may be known by indicating the starting position of the reference signal in the information #1 in one first time domain unit and the default number of second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in one first time domain unit and the intervals of the reference signal in two adjacent second time domain units in one first time domain unit.

An exemplary illustration is given by way of example in fig. 5. For example, assuming that the indication information #1 indicates that the starting position of the reference signal in one slot is the position of OFDM symbol 0, and the number of OFDM symbols occupied by the default reference signal in one slot is 7, and the interval of the reference signal on two adjacent OFDM symbols is 1 OFDM symbol, then it can be known that the time domain resources occupied by the reference signal are: OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 2, OFDM symbol 4, OFDM symbol 6, OFDM symbol 8, OFDM symbol 10, OFDM symbol 12.

It is to be understood that the starting position of the reference signal in a first time domain unit may be OFDM symbol 0, or may be another position (such as a certain OFDM symbol in the middle), which is not limited.

Example 2, the indication information #1 includes a second number of time domain units occupied by the reference signal in one first time domain unit.

For example, the starting position or the ending position of the reference signal in one first time domain unit and the interval between two adjacent second time domain units in one first time domain unit may be defaulted (as determined based on the predefined or prestored settings of the protocol), so that the time domain resource occupied by the reference signal may be known by indicating the number of second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in the information #1 in one first time domain unit and the starting position or the ending position of the default reference signal in one first time domain unit and the interval between two adjacent second time domain units in one first time domain unit.

An exemplary illustration is given by way of example in fig. 5. For example, assuming that the indication information #1 indicates that the number of OFDM symbols occupied by the reference signal in one slot is 7, and the starting position of the default reference signal in one slot is OFDM symbol 0, and the interval of the reference signal on two adjacent OFDM symbols is 1 OFDM symbol, it can be known that the time domain resources occupied by the reference signal are: OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 2, OFDM symbol 4, OFDM symbol 6, OFDM symbol 8, OFDM symbol 10, OFDM symbol 12.

Example 3, the indication information #1 includes an interval of the reference signal on two adjacent second time domain units within one first time domain unit.

For example, the starting position or the ending position of the reference signal in a first time domain unit and the number of second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in a first time domain unit may be defaulted (e.g., determined based on a predefined or prestored setting of the protocol), so that the time domain resource occupied by the reference signal may be known by indicating the number of second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in the information #1 in a first time domain unit and the starting position or the ending position of the default reference signal in a first time domain unit and the number of second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in a first time domain unit.

An exemplary illustration is given by way of example in fig. 5. For example, assuming that the indication information #1 indicates that the interval of the reference signal on two adjacent OFDM symbols is 1 OFDM symbol, and the starting position of the default reference signal in one slot is OFDM symbol 0, and the number of OFDM symbols occupied by the reference signal in one slot is 7, it can be known that the time domain resources occupied by the reference signal are: OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 2, OFDM symbol 4, OFDM symbol 6, OFDM symbol 8, OFDM symbol 10, OFDM symbol 12.

Example 4, the indication information #1 includes an end position of the reference signal within one first time domain unit.

For example, the number of second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in one first time domain unit and the intervals of the reference signal in two adjacent second time domain units in one first time domain unit may be defaulted (as determined based on a predefined or prestored setting of the protocol), so that the time domain resource occupied by the reference signal may be known by indicating the end position of the reference signal in the information #1 in one first time domain unit and the number of second time domain units occupied by the default reference signal in one first time domain unit and the intervals of the reference signal in two adjacent second time domain units in one first time domain unit.

An exemplary illustration is given by way of example in fig. 5. For example, assuming that the indication information #1 indicates that the end position of the reference signal in one slot is OFDM symbol 12, and the number of OFDM symbols occupied by the default reference signal in one slot is 7, and the interval of the reference signal on two adjacent OFDM symbols is 1 OFDM symbol, it can be known that the time domain resources occupied by the reference signal are: OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 2, OFDM symbol 4, OFDM symbol 6, OFDM symbol 8, OFDM symbol 10, OFDM symbol 12.

While each of the information has been described above separately, it is to be understood that each of the information described above may also be used in combination, and a specific example is listed below.

Example 5, the indication information #1 includes a start position of the reference signal in one first time domain unit, an interval of the reference signal on two adjacent second time domain units in one first time domain unit, and the number of second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in one first time domain unit.

Thus, the time domain resource occupied by the reference signal can be obtained by indicating the starting position of the reference signal in the first time domain unit, the intervals of the reference signal on two adjacent second time domain units in the first time domain unit, and the number of the second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in the first time domain unit in the information # 1.

An exemplary illustration is given by way of example in fig. 5. For example, assuming that the indication information #1 indicates that the starting position of the reference signal in one slot is OFDM symbol 0, the number of OFDM symbols occupied by the reference signal in one slot is 7, and the interval between the reference signal on two adjacent OFDM symbols is 1 OFDM symbol, then it can be known that the time domain resource occupied by the reference signal is: OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 2, OFDM symbol 4, OFDM symbol 6, OFDM symbol 8, OFDM symbol 10, OFDM symbol 12.

In a third possible implementation, several possible time domain positions of the reference signal are preconfigured, and the indication information #1 indicates the time domain position.

For example, a plurality of time domain positions of the reference signal, such as the time domain positions shown in fig. 4 to 6, are preconfigured, and the time domain positions have a correspondence (e.g. denoted as a correspondence # 1) with the values of the indication information #1, so that the first communication device can learn the time domain positions of the reference signal based on the values of the indication information #1 and the correspondence # 1.

The correspondence #1 may exist in the form of a table, a function, a text, or a character string, for example, stored or transmitted, and table 3 below is an example of presenting the correspondence #1 in the form of a table.

TABLE 3 Table 3

Value of instruction information #1	Time domain position
		W1	Time domain position #1
W2	Time domain position #2
		W3	Time domain position #3

Taking table 3 as an example, assume that 3 time domain positions, i.e., time domain position #1, time domain position #2, and time domain position #3, are preconfigured, and the indication information #1 is implemented by 2 bits, where the indication information #1 may have different bit values, for example, W1 is bit "00", W2 is bit "01", and W3 is bit "10".

For example, if the indication information #1 has a value W1, such as "00", the first communication device may know that the time domain position of the reference signal is the time domain position #1, such as the time domain position shown in fig. 4, based on the indication information # 1; if the indication information #1 has a value W2, such as "01", the first communication device may learn, based on the indication information #1, that the time domain position of the reference signal is the time domain position #2, such as the time domain position shown in fig. 5; if the indication information #1 has a value W3, such as "10", the first communication device may learn, based on the indication information #1, that the time domain position of the reference signal is the time domain position #3, such as the time domain position shown in fig. 6.

It is to be understood that table 3 is merely exemplary and is not limiting. For example, the value of the indication information #1 may be replaced by other parameters, as long as different time domain positions can be distinguished. As another example, a greater number of time domain locations may be included in table 3.

2) Indication information #2

In a first possible implementation, the indication information #2 is a bitmap of at least two bits. Assuming that the bit value corresponding to the frequency domain unit is "1" indicates that the frequency domain unit has a reference signal, and the bit value corresponding to the frequency domain unit is "0" indicates that the frequency domain unit has no reference signal. For example, taking the example shown in fig. 4 or fig. 5 or fig. 6 as an example, the indication information #2 may pass through a 12-bit bitmap, and the 12-bit bitmap is denoted as "000000100000". For another example, taking the example shown in fig. 7 as an example, the indication information #2 may pass through a 12-bit bitmap, and the 12-bit bitmap is denoted as "110000000000". For another example, taking the example shown in fig. 8 as an example, the indication information #2 may pass through a 12-bit bitmap, and the 12-bit bitmap is denoted as "100010001000". For another example, taking the example shown in fig. 9 as an example, the indication information #2 may pass through a 12-bit bitmap, and the 12-bit bitmap is denoted as "110000110000". It will be appreciated that the above examples are illustrative and that embodiments of the application are not limited thereto.

In a second possible implementation, the indication information #2 indicates an index of a frequency domain unit occupied by the reference signal. For example, taking the example shown in fig. 4 or fig. 5 or fig. 6 as an example, the frequency domain unit occupied by the reference signal is subcarrier 6, so the indication information #2 may indicate the index of subcarrier 6, such as the binary of 6, that is, 0110.

A third possible implementation manner, the indication information #2 includes any one of the following: the starting position of the reference signal on the frequency domain, the number of frequency domain units occupied by the reference signal on the frequency domain, the interval of the reference signal on two adjacent frequency domain units, or the ending position of the reference signal on the frequency domain. This way is similar to the second possible implementation of the above-mentioned indication information #1, and will not be repeated here.

In a fourth possible implementation, several possible frequency domain positions of the reference signal are preconfigured, and the indication information #2 indicates the frequency domain position. This way is similar to the third possible implementation of the above-mentioned indication information #1, and will not be repeated here.

In scheme 2, the time domain position occupied by the reference signal is preconfigured, and the first communication device receives indication information #2, where the indication information #2 indicates the frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal. For the indication information #2, reference may be made to the related description in the first possible manner, which is not described herein.

Based on this scheme, the first communication device can learn the frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal based on the indication information #2, and since the time domain position occupied by the reference signal is preconfigured, the first communication device can also learn the time domain position occupied by the reference signal.

In scheme 3, the frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal is preconfigured, and the first communication device receives indication information #1, where the indication information #1 indicates the time domain position occupied by the reference signal. For the indication information #1, reference may be made to the related description in the first possible manner, which is not described herein.

Based on this scheme, the first communication apparatus can learn the time domain position occupied by the reference signal based on the indication information #1, and since the frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal is preconfigured, the first communication apparatus can also learn the frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal.

Scheme 4, the time-frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal is preconfigured.

For example, the pattern (pattern) of the reference signal is preconfigured such that the first communication device can learn the time-frequency domain location of the reference signal directly based on the preconfigured pattern.

Scheme 5. The first communication device pre-configures a plurality of patterns of the reference signal, and receives indication information #4, the indication information #4 indicating the patterns of the reference signal.

For example, a plurality of patterns of the reference signal may be preconfigured, such as patterns shown in fig. 4 to 9, where the patterns have a correspondence (e.g. denoted as a correspondence # 2) with the value of the indication information #4, so that the first communication device may learn the patterns of the reference signal based on the value of the indication information #4 and the correspondence #2, and may further learn the time-frequency domain position of the reference signal.

The correspondence #2 may exist in the form of a table, a function, a text, or a character string, for example, stored or transmitted, and table 4 below is an example of presenting the correspondence #2 in the form of a table.

TABLE 4 Table 4

Value of instruction information #4	pattern
		N1	pattern#1
N2	pattern#2
		N3	pattern#3
N4	pattern#4

Taking table 4 as an example, assume that 4 patterns, i.e., pattern #1, pattern #2, pattern #3, pattern #4, are preconfigured, and the indication information #3 is implemented by 2 bits, where the indication information #3 may have different bit values, for example, N1 is bit "00", N2 is bit "01", N3 is bit "10", and N4 is bit "11".

For example, if the indication information #3 has a value of N1, such as "00", the first communication device may learn that the pattern of the reference signal is pattern #1 based on the indication information #3; if the indication information #3 has a value of N2, for example, "01", the first communication device may learn that the pattern of the reference signal is pattern #2 based on the indication information #3; if the indication information #3 has a value of N3, for example, "10", the first communication device may learn that the pattern of the reference signal is pattern #3 based on the indication information #3; if the indication information #3 has a value of N4, e.g. "11", the first communication device may learn that the pattern of the reference signal is pattern #4 based on the indication information # 3.

It is to be understood that table 4 is merely exemplary and is not limiting. For example, the value of the indication information #3 may be replaced with other parameters as long as different patterns can be distinguished. As another example, a greater number of patterns may be included in Table 4. In addition, different patterns in Table 4 may exist in the form of different parameters.

The above describes the time-frequency domain position of the reference signal, and the following describes the beam direction of the reference signal.

Optionally, the reference signal corresponds to one beam direction in each of the X second time domain units, and the reference signal corresponds to a different beam direction in at least two of the X second time domain units. According to the scheme, if the reference signal is sent on a plurality of time domain units, the beams of the reference signal on each time domain unit can be designed to be different according to actual requirements, so that the full-angle rapid beam traversal of a space domain can be realized, and the training data collection speed under an AI beam management scene can be improved.

In one example, the reference signal occupies X second time domain units within one first time domain unit, and the reference signal has different beam directions on the X second time domain units. Taking a slot comprising 14 OFDM symbols as an example, if the reference signal is transmitted on all 14 OFDM symbols, and the beam directions of the reference signal on the 14 OFDM symbols may be different, the first communication device may receive the reference signal in 14 directions in one slot.

In another example, the reference signal occupies at least two sets of second time domain units within one first time domain unit, and the reference signal has different beam directions on the sets of second time domain units. Taking the example shown in fig. 6 as an example, the reference signal occupies 5 sets of OFDM symbols in one slot, and the beam directions of the reference signal on each set of OFDM symbols in the 5 sets of OFDM symbols are different, so that in one slot, the first communication device can receive the reference signals in 5 directions.

Optionally, the method 300 further comprises: the first communication device receives configuration information of at least one reference signal resource set from the second communication device. Wherein each set of reference signal resources (RSResourceSet) includes resources of at least two reference signals. The number of antenna ports and/or the frequency domain position of the reference signals in the same reference signal resource set are the same. The number of antenna ports and/or frequency domain positions of the reference signals in different reference signal resource sets may be different or the same, and are not limited.

It will be appreciated that some optional features of the various embodiments of the application may, in some circumstances, be independent of other features or may, in some circumstances, be combined with other features without limitation.

It will also be appreciated that in some of the embodiments described above, the transmission information is referred to multiple times. Taking the example of sending information from a to B, sending information from a to B may include sending information from a directly to B, or sending information from a to B through other devices or network elements, which is not limited.

It will also be appreciated that in some of the embodiments described above, reference is made to predefining a number of times, which may represent protocol predefining or pre-stored settings or defaults, etc.

It will be further appreciated that in some of the above embodiments, reference signals are mainly exemplified by X second time domain units in one first time domain unit, which is not limited. For example, the reference signal may also occupy Y first time domain units, where Y is an integer greater than 1, and the number and/or positions of the reference signal occupied by the second time domain units on each of the Y first time domain units may be all the same, or may be partially the same, or may be completely different, without limitation.

Taking the first time domain unit as a time slot, the second time domain unit as an OFDM symbol, and 1 reference signal occupies 1 OFDM symbol in the time domain as an example. For example, the second communication device transmits 14 reference signals to the first communication device, the 14 reference signals occupy 2 slots, and the OFDM symbols occupied by the reference signals on each of the 2 slots are the same, as shown in fig. 5 by pattern of the reference signals on each slot. For another example, the second communication device sends 15 reference signals to the first communication device, where the 15 reference signals occupy 3 slots, and OFDM symbols occupied by the reference signals on 2 slots (e.g., on the first 2 slots) in the 3 slots are the same, as shown in fig. 5, where the reference signals on pattern on the 2 slots occupy one OFDM symbol on the remaining one slot (e.g., on the last slot) in the 3 slots, and the one OFDM symbol may be any one OFDM symbol.

Alternatively, the transmission/reception of the reference signal may be periodic, the above description is directed to a periodic scheme, the transmission/reception of the reference signal may be repeated in the period, the specific periodic configuration may be predefined based on the configuration or protocol of the network device, which is not limited herein, or the transmission/reception of the reference signal may be one-shot, i.e., non-periodic, the above description is directed to a scheme involved in the one-shot, and the specific triggering manner may be based on one or more of signaling of the network device, such as RRC layer signaling, media access control (medium access control, MAC) layer signaling, or physical layer signaling, such as downlink control information (downlink control information, DCI), which is not limited herein.

Alternatively, when the configuration is performed, if the patterns of the reference signal on each time slot are the same, the configuration of each time slot can be implemented by configuring the time slot occupied by the reference signal and the pattern of one time slot.

It is also to be understood that the aspects of the embodiments of the application may be used in any reasonable combination, and that the explanation or illustration of the various terms presented in the embodiments may be referred to or explained in the various embodiments without limitation.

It should also be understood that, in the foregoing embodiments of the method and operations implemented by the apparatus, the method and operations may also be implemented by component parts (such as a chip or a circuit) of the apparatus, which are not limited thereto.

The method provided by the embodiment of the application is described in detail above with reference to fig. 3 to 9. The following describes the device provided in the embodiment of the present application in detail with reference to fig. 10 to 12. It should be understood that the descriptions of the apparatus embodiments and the descriptions of the method embodiments correspond to each other, and thus, descriptions of the details not described may be referred to the method embodiments above, and are not repeated herein for brevity.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a communication device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 1000 comprises a transceiver unit 1010 and a processing unit 1020. The transceiver unit 1010 may be used to implement corresponding communication functions. The transceiver unit 1010 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit. The processing unit 1020 may be configured to perform processing, such as making measurements based on reference signals.

Optionally, the apparatus 1000 may further include a storage unit, where the storage unit may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit 1020 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the apparatus implements the foregoing method embodiments.

As a design, the apparatus 1000 is configured to perform the steps or processes performed by the first communication apparatus in the above method embodiment, the transceiver 1010 is configured to perform the transceiver-related operations on the first communication apparatus side in the above method embodiment, and the processing unit 1020 is configured to perform the processing-related operations on the first communication apparatus side in the above method embodiment.

In one possible implementation, the apparatus 1000 is configured to perform steps or processes performed by the first communication apparatus in the embodiment shown in fig. 3. Optionally, the transceiver 1010 is configured to receive a reference signal from the second communication device, where the reference signal occupies X second time domain units in one first time domain unit, and X is an integer greater than 1; a processing unit 1020, configured to perform measurement based on the reference signal, and obtain a measurement result of the reference signal; the transceiver 1010 is further configured to send m measurement results to the second communication device, where the m measurement results are all or part of measurement results of the reference signal, the m measurement results are used for training the artificial intelligence AI model, and m is an integer greater than 1 and less than X or equal to X.

It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and is not described herein for brevity.

As another design, the device 1000 is configured to perform the steps or processes performed by the second communication device in the above method embodiment, the transceiver 1010 is configured to perform the transceiver-related operations on the second communication device side in the above method embodiment, and the processing unit 1020 is configured to perform the processing-related operations on the second communication device side in the above method embodiment.

In one possible implementation, the apparatus 1000 is configured to perform steps or processes performed by the second communication apparatus in the embodiment shown in fig. 3. Optionally, the transceiver 1010 is configured to send a reference signal to the first communication device, where the reference signal occupies X second time domain units in one first time domain unit, and X is an integer greater than 1; the transceiver 1010 is further configured to receive m measurement results of the reference signal from the first communication device, where the m measurement results are used for training of the artificial intelligence AI model, and the m measurement results are all or part of the measurement results of the reference signal, and m is an integer greater than 1 and less than X or equal to X.

It should also be appreciated that the apparatus 1000 herein is embodied in the form of functional units. The term "unit" herein may refer to an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (e.g., a shared, dedicated, or group processor, etc.) and memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable components that support the described functionality. In an alternative example, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the apparatus 1000 may be specifically a communication apparatus (such as a first communication apparatus and a second communication apparatus) in the foregoing embodiments, and may be used to perform each flow and/or step corresponding to the communication apparatus in each foregoing method embodiment, which is not repeated herein.

The apparatus 1000 of each of the above aspects has a function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the communication apparatus (e.g., the first communication apparatus, and also e.g., the second communication apparatus, etc.) in the above method. The functions may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software comprises one or more modules corresponding to the functions; for example, the transceiver unit may be replaced by a transceiver (e.g., a transmitting unit in the transceiver unit may be replaced by a transmitter, a receiving unit in the transceiver unit may be replaced by a receiver), and other units, such as a processing unit, etc., may be replaced by a processor, to perform the transceiver operations and related processing operations in the various method embodiments, respectively.

The transceiver 1010 may be a transceiver circuit (e.g., may include a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit), and the processing unit may be a processing circuit.

It should be noted that the apparatus in fig. 10 may be the device in the foregoing embodiment, or may be a chip or a chip system, for example: system on chip (SoC). The receiving and transmitting unit can be an input and output circuit and a communication interface; the processing unit is an integrated processor or microprocessor or integrated circuit on the chip. And are not limited herein.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of another communication device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 1100 comprises a processor 1110, the processor 1110 being coupled to a memory 1120, the memory 1120 being for storing a computer program or instructions and/or data, the processor 1110 being for executing the computer program or instructions stored by the memory 1120 or for reading the data stored by the memory 1120 for performing the methods in the method embodiments above.

Optionally, the processor 1110 is one or more.

Optionally, the memory 1120 is one or more.

Alternatively, the memory 1120 may be integrated with the processor 1110 or provided separately.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 11, the apparatus 1100 further comprises a transceiver 1130, the transceiver 1130 being for receiving and/or transmitting signals. For example, the processor 1110 is configured to control the transceiver 1130 to receive and/or transmit signals.

As an example, the processor 1110 may have the function of the processing unit 1020 shown in fig. 10, the memory 1120 may have the function of a storage unit, and the transceiver 1130 may have the function of the transceiver unit 1010 shown in fig. 10.

Alternatively, the apparatus 1100 is configured to perform the operations described above as being performed by a communication device (e.g., a first communication device, a second communication device, etc.) in various method embodiments.

For example, the processor 1110 is configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the memory 1120 to perform the operations associated with the communication device (e.g., the first communication device, and also the second communication device, etc.) in the above respective method embodiments.

It should be appreciated that the processor referred to in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (DIGITAL SIGNAL processors, DSPs), application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (field programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

It should also be understood that the memory referred to in embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory and/or nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable programmable ROM (erasable PROM), an electrically erasable programmable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (random access memory, RAM). For example, RAM may be used as an external cache. By way of example, and not limitation, RAM includes the following forms: static random access memory (STATIC RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DYNAMIC RAM, DRAM), synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double DATA RATE SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ENHANCED SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SYNCHLINK DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).

It should be noted that when the processor is a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, the memory (storage module) may be integrated into the processor.

It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a chip system 1200 according to an embodiment of the application. The system-on-chip 1200 (or may also be referred to as a processing system) includes logic 1210 and input/output interface 1220.

Logic 1210 may be a processing circuit in system-on-chip 1200, among other things. Logic 1210 may be coupled to the memory unit to invoke instructions in the memory unit so that system-on-chip 1200 can implement the methods and functions of embodiments of the present application. The input/output interface 1220 may be an input/output circuit in the chip system 1200, and outputs information processed by the chip system 1200, or inputs data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 1200 for processing.

Specifically, for example, if the first communication device is mounted with the chip system 1200, the logic circuit 1210 is coupled to the input/output interface 1220, and the input/output interface 1220 can input the reference signal to the logic circuit 1210 for processing, such as measuring the reference signal to obtain the measurement result of the reference signal. For another example, if the second communication device is mounted with the chip system 1200, the logic circuit 1210 is coupled to the input/output interface 1220, and the input/output interface 1220 can input the measurement result of the reference signal from the first communication device to the logic circuit 1210 for processing.

Alternatively, the chip system 1200 is configured to implement the operations performed by a communication device (e.g., a first communication device, a second communication device, etc.) in the various method embodiments described above.

For example, logic 1210 is configured to implement the process-related operations performed by a communication device (e.g., a first communication device, and a second communication device) in the above method embodiments; the input/output interface 1220 is used to implement the transmission and/or reception related operations performed by a communication device (e.g., a first communication device, and also e.g., a second communication device) in the above method embodiments.

The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for implementing the method performed by a communication device (e.g., a first communication device, and also e.g., a second communication device) in the above-described method embodiments.

For example, the computer program when executed by a computer may enable the computer to implement the method performed by a communication device (e.g., a first communication device, and also e.g., a second communication device) in the embodiments of the method described above.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, implement the method performed by a communication device (e.g., a first communication device, and also e.g., a second communication device) in the above-described method embodiments.

The embodiment of the application also provides a communication system, which comprises the first communication device and/or the second communication device in the above embodiments. For example, the system comprises the first communication device and/or the second communication device in the embodiment shown in fig. 3.

The explanation and beneficial effects of the related content in any of the above-mentioned devices can refer to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and are not repeated here.

In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interface, device or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, produces a flow or function in accordance with embodiments of the present application, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. For example, the computer may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. For example, the aforementioned usable media include, but are not limited to, U disk, removable hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and the like.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of acquiring training data, comprising:

The first communication device receives reference signals from the second communication device, wherein the reference signals occupy X second time domain units in one first time domain unit, and X is an integer greater than 1;

The first communication device performs measurement based on the reference signal to obtain a measurement result of the reference signal;

The first communication device sends m measurement results to the second communication device, wherein the m measurement results are all or part of measurement results of the reference signal, the m measurement results are used for training an artificial intelligence AI model, and m is an integer which is more than 1 and less than or equal to X.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

the first communication device receives first indication information from the second communication device, wherein the first indication information is used for triggering the first communication device to send the m measurement results;

the first communication device transmitting m measurement results to the second communication device, including:

In response to the first indication information, the first communication device transmits the m measurement results to the second communication device.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein m is determined by the first communication device based on second indication information or a predefined, wherein the second indication information is received by the first communication device from the second communication device.

4. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the m measurements are determined by the first communication device based on a third indication information or a predefined, wherein the third indication information is received by the first communication device from the second communication device side.

5. The method according to any one of claim 1 to 4, wherein,

The interval between two adjacent second time domain units in the X second time domain units is T1 second time domain units, and T1 is an integer greater than 0 or equal to 0; or alternatively

The X second time domain units comprise at least two groups of second time domain units, two adjacent groups of second time domain units in the at least two groups of second time domain units are separated by T2 second time domain units, each group of second time domain units in the at least two groups of second time domain units comprises at least two second time domain units, at least two second time domain units in each group of second time domain units are continuous, and T2 is an integer greater than 0.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the first time domain unit is a slot and/or the second time domain unit is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:

The first communication device receives fourth indication information from the second communication device, wherein the fourth indication information indicates the time domain position occupied by the reference signal.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of determining the position of the probe is performed,

The fourth indication information is a bit map of at least two bits; or alternatively

The fourth indication information includes one or more of: a starting position of the reference signal in one of the first time domain units, the number of the second time domain units occupied by the reference signal in one of the first time domain units, an interval between the reference signal in two adjacent second time domain units in one of the first time domain units, or an ending position of the reference signal in one of the first time domain units.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first communication device transmitting m measurements to the second communication device comprises:

the first communication device transmits m quantized measurements to the second communication device,

The m quantized measurement results are obtained by quantizing the m measurement results by the first communication device by using X1 bits, wherein X1 is determined by the first communication device based on fifth indication information or predefined determination, and the fifth indication information is received by the first communication device from the second communication device side; or alternatively

The m quantized measurement results are obtained by quantizing m1 measurement results in the m measurement results by the first communication device by using X2 bits and m2 measurement results in the m measurement results by using X3 bits, m1 and m2 are integers greater than or equal to 1, and m1+m2=m, wherein X2 and/or X3 are/is determined by the first communication device based on sixth indication information or predefined information, and the sixth indication information is received by the first communication device from the second communication device.

10. The method according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the reference signal corresponds to one beam direction in each of the X second time domain units, and wherein the corresponding beam directions of the reference signal are different in at least two of the X second time domain units.

11. The method of any of claims 1-10, the AI model being an AI model for beam management.

12. A method of acquiring training data, comprising:

the second communication device sends reference signals to the first communication device, wherein the reference signals occupy X second time domain units in one first time domain unit, and X is an integer greater than 1;

the second communication device receives m measurements from the first communication device, the m measurements being used for training of an artificial intelligence AI model and the m measurements being all or part of the measurements of the reference signal, m being an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to X.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the method further comprises:

The second communication device sends first indication information to the first communication device, wherein the first indication information is used for triggering the first communication device to send the m measurement results.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein,

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the first time domain unit is a slot and/or the second time domain unit is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol.

16. A communication device comprising means or units for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A communication device comprising a processor for executing a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to cause the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 15.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising the memory and/or a communication interface coupled with the processor,

The communication interface is used for inputting and/or outputting information.

19. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program or instructions, which when run on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 15.

20. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product comprises a computer program or instructions for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 15.