CN118080877B - Nanocrystalline particles for sensor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910020042 NbS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012869 ethanol precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GSGDTSDELPUTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonoxybenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 GSGDTSDELPUTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 46
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 4
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FSJWWSXPIWGYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;silver;sulfanide Chemical compound [SH-].[Ag].[Ag+] FSJWWSXPIWGYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y15/00—Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation, and discloses a nanocrystalline particle for a sensor and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method, ag 2S、NbS2 and Au nanoparticles are respectively synthesized by adopting a one-step thermal injection method, then the obtained Ag 2S、NbS2 and Au nanoparticles are mixed with an organic solvent, ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nanoparticles are prepared by a multi-step pyrolysis method, and finally a SiO 2 shell layer is coated on the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nanoparticles to obtain Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles, namely the nanocrystalline particles. The prepared nano-crystalline particles have good photo-thermal performance, and can be used as photo-thermal conversion materials with excellent photo-thermal performance and mechanical performance after being packaged by polydimethylsiloxane in one step, so that the problems of low efficiency, poor mechanical performance and the like of the photo-thermal conversion materials in the existing photo-thermal conversion sensors are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation, and particularly relates to a nanocrystalline particle for a sensor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development and transformation of technology, the demand of human beings for sensor technology is higher and higher, and the application of nanoparticles is a hot topic in sensor research. Nanoparticles have become an important technology in the field of sensor research due to their characteristics of small size, large specific surface area, and the like.
In the photothermal conversion sensor, development and design of efficient solar light capturing and converting materials are hot spots in recent years, including carbon materials, organic photothermal materials, plasma nanomaterials and the like, which are widely reported at present. And how to design a novel plasma nano material, so that the spectrum absorption range is wide (especially the full spectrum absorption performance) and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency is high, and the problems of low photo-thermal conversion material efficiency, poor mechanical performance and the like in the existing photo-thermal conversion sensor are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, the invention provides a nanocrystalline particle for a sensor and a preparation method thereof in order to overcome the defects of the prior art. Firstly, respectively synthesizing Ag 2S、NbS2 and Au nano-particles by adopting a one-step thermal injection method, then mixing the obtained Ag 2S、NbS2 and Au nano-particles with an organic solvent, preparing Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano-particles by adopting a multi-step pyrolysis method, and finally coating a SiO 2 shell layer on the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano-particles to obtain the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystal particles, namely the nano-crystal particles. The prepared nano-crystal particles have good photo-thermal performance, can be used as photo-thermal conversion materials with excellent photo-thermal performance and mechanical performance after being packaged by polydimethylsiloxane in one step, and can effectively solve the problems of low efficiency, poor mechanical performance and the like of the existing photo-thermal conversion materials.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a nanocrystalline particle for a sensor, which has a chemical general formula of Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2, and consists of 13.6-15.0 nm of Ag 2 S,4.1-5.0 nm of Au and flaky NbS 2, wherein a SiO 2 shell layer is epitaxially coated after the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au is mixed with a SiO 2 precursor solution of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate.
Preferably, the preparation method of the nanocrystalline particles for the sensor specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a reagent required by preparing Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles;
s2, synthesizing an organic solvent I containing Ag 2 S nano particles by a one-step hot injection method;
S3, synthesizing an organic solvent II containing NbS 2 nano particles by a one-step hot injection method;
s4, synthesizing an organic solvent III containing Au nano particles by a one-step thermal injection method;
S5, uniformly mixing the first organic solvent in the step S2, the second organic solvent in the step S3 and the third organic solvent in the step S4, and synthesizing the fourth organic solvent containing Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano particles by a multi-step pyrolysis method;
S6, carrying out surface modification on the organic solvent IV containing Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano particles, coating a SiO 2 shell layer, and centrifuging, washing and dispersing to obtain an organic solvent V, wherein Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano crystal particles are dispersed in the organic solvent V.
Preferably, in step S1, the reagent comprises silver nitrate with a purity of 99.85%, N-di-tert-butyl thioformate with a purity of 98%, ethanol with a purity of 99.98%, oleylamine with a purity of 85%, octadecene with a purity of 90%, cyclohexane with a purity of 99.8%, toluene with a purity of 99%, chloroauric acid with a purity of 99%, chloroform with a purity of 99%, triton-100 with a purity of 98%, polyoxyethylene (5) nonylphenyl ether with a purity of 99.5%, N-butanol with a purity of 99.9%, ammonia with a purity of 99.9%, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane with a purity of 99.9%, ethyl orthosilicate with a purity of 99.98%, methanol with a purity of 99.98%, an ethanol solution of NbCl 5, an oleylamine solution of sulfur powder, an ethanol solution of dodecylmercaptan, an ethanol solution of chloroauric acid with a purity of NbCl 5 in a ratio of 0.016 mmol/mL, an oleylamine solution of sulfur powder with a powder in a ratio of 0.0325/mL, and an ethanol solution of dodecylmercaptan in a concentration of 10% in a volume ratio of chloroauric acid with a ratio of 35/mL.
Preferably, in step S2, the following steps are specifically included:
S2.1, dissolving 0.2 mmol of silver nitrate and 60 mg of N, N-di-tert-butyl thioformate serving as a sulfur source in ethanol of 1 mL to obtain an organic solvent A;
S2.2, placing 4 mL oleylamine and 6 mL octadecene into a three-neck flask of 50mL, heating to 205 ℃ under nitrogen protection while stirring, then injecting the organic solvent A in the step S2.1 into the three-neck flask, keeping the temperature at 190 ℃ and heating stably for 15 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent B;
S2.3, the organic solvent B in the step S2.2 is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 2 mL toluene, so as to obtain an organic solvent I containing Ag 2 S nano particles.
Preferably, in step S3, the following steps are specifically included:
S3.1, uniformly mixing an ethanol solution of NbCl 5 of 0.5 mL with an oleylamine solution of sulfur powder of 0.5 mL to obtain an organic solvent C;
s3.2, placing 4 mL oleylamine and 6 mL octadecene into a three-neck flask of 50 mL, heating to 205 ℃ under nitrogen protection while stirring, then injecting the organic solvent C in the step S3.1 into the three-neck flask, heating to 300 ℃ stably for 10 minutes, naturally cooling to 200 ℃, then injecting the ethanol solution of dodecyl mercaptan of 0.5 mL, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent D;
S3.3, the organic solvent D in the step S3.2 is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then is dispersed in 2 mL toluene, so as to obtain an organic solvent II containing NbS 2 nano particles.
Preferably, in step S4, the following steps are specifically included:
S4.1, placing 4 mL oleylamine and 6 mL octadecene into a three-neck flask of 50 mL, heating to 180 ℃ under the nitrogen protection atmosphere while stirring, then injecting 10 mg chloroauric acid and 1 mL ethanol into the three-neck flask, keeping the temperature at 160 ℃ and heating stably for 10 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent E;
s4.2, the organic solvent E in the step S4.1 is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 1 mL chloroform, so as to obtain an organic solvent III containing Au nano particles.
Preferably, in step S5, the following steps are specifically included:
S5.1, placing the organic solvent I in the step S2, the organic solvent II in the step S3 and the organic solvent III in the step S4 into a three-neck flask of 100 mL, heating to 160 ℃ for reaction for 10 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent F;
s5.2, the organic solvent F in the step S5.1 is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 3 mL chloroform, so as to obtain an organic solvent IV containing Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano particles.
Preferably, in step S6, the following steps are specifically included:
S6.1, placing 28.8 mL cyclohexane, 6.6 mL triton-100, 1.0 mL polyoxyethylene (5) nonylphenyl ether, 6.6 mL n-butanol, 3 mL water and 0.5 mL ammonia water into a three-neck flask of 50 mL, and uniformly mixing to obtain an organic solvent G;
S6.2, adding the organic solvent G in the step S6.1 into the organic solvent IV in the step S5 of 1.0 mL, adding 15 microliters of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 100 microliters of tetraethoxysilane, and uniformly stirring for 2 hours to obtain an organic solvent H;
S6.3, adding 50 mL methanol into the organic solvent H in the step S6.2 to terminate the reaction, and centrifugally washing for two times to obtain an organic solvent five, wherein Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles are dispersed in the organic solvent five.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows: the invention synthesizes a novel nano-crystalline particle Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2, adopts a one-step thermal injection method to synthesize Ag 2S、NbS2 and Au nano-particles respectively, then mixes the obtained Ag 2S、NbS2 and Au nano-particles with an organic solvent, prepares Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano-particles by a multi-step pyrolysis method, and finally coats a SiO 2 shell layer on the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano-particles to obtain the novel nano-crystalline particle Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2, namely the nano-crystalline particle. The Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles prepared by the method can be used as a photothermal conversion material for a photothermal conversion sensor after being packaged by polydimethylsiloxane in one step.
The invention selects three nano particles of Ag 2S、NbS2 and Au to effectively synthesize novel nano crystal particles of Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2,Ag2S、NbS2 and Au, and the strong plasma laser coupling effect among the three nano crystal particles effectively couples the respective absorption spectrums of Ag 2S、NbS2 and Au, so that the nano crystal particles have extremely high absorptivity and extremely low reflectivity to light in the wavelength range of 400-3000 nanometers, particularly have stronger absorption at 800 nanometers, and are the basis for ensuring that the nano crystal particles have excellent photo-thermal conversion efficiency when being used for preparing photo-thermal conversion materials of photo-thermal conversion sensors.
According to the invention, the SiO 2 shell layer is selected to coat the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano particles so as to obtain Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano crystal particles, and the stability of the photo-thermal water evaporation material is effectively improved when the photo-thermal conversion material is used for preparing the photo-thermal conversion sensor.
The Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles prepared by the invention can be used as the photothermal conversion material for the photothermal conversion sensor after being packaged by polydimethylsiloxane in one step, and can still show the photothermal water evaporation rate of 3.824 kg.m -2·h-1 and the energy utilization efficiency of 96.6% even under the illumination of 1 kW/m 2. In addition, the photo-thermal conversion material applying the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystal particles also shows good mechanical properties (the compression of 70% can still be restored) and excellent performance stability under severe conditions (strong acid, strong alkali, high salt and strong oxidizing environment), and solves the problems of low efficiency, poor mechanical properties and the like of the current photo-thermal conversion material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a TEM morphology of Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an absorption spectrum of Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an absorption spectrum of the photo-thermal conversion material after Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles are used in the photo-thermal conversion material in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a temperature curve of the photo-thermal conversion material after Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles are used in the photo-thermal conversion material in example 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a mass change curve of the photo-thermal conversion material after Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles are used in the photo-thermal conversion material in example 1 of the present invention.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the present application. The preferred methods and materials described herein are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the application.
The experimental methods in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the test materials used in the examples described below, unless otherwise specified, were purchased from commercial sources.
Example 1: a nanocrystalline particle for a sensor, characterized by: the chemical general formula of the nanocrystalline particles is Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2, and the nanocrystalline particles consist of Ag 2 S, au and flaky NbS 2, and a SiO 2 shell layer is epitaxially coated after the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au is mixed with a SiO 2 precursor solution of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate.
The preparation method of the nanocrystalline particles for the sensor specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a reagent required by preparing Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles;
S2, dissolving 0.2 mmol of silver nitrate and 60 mg of N, N-di-tert-butyl thioformate serving as a sulfur source in 1mL of ethanol to obtain an organic solvent A; placing 4 mL oleylamine and 6 mL octadecene in a three-neck flask of 50 mL, heating to 205 ℃ under the nitrogen protection atmosphere while stirring, then injecting an organic solvent A into the three-neck flask, keeping the temperature at 190 ℃ and heating for 15 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent B; the organic solvent B is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 2 mL toluene to obtain an organic solvent I containing Ag 2 S nano particles;
s3, uniformly mixing an ethanol solution of NbCl 5 of 0.5 mL with an oleylamine solution of sulfur powder of 0.5 mL to obtain an organic solvent C; placing 4 mL oleylamine and 6 mL octadecene in a three-neck flask of 50mL, heating to 205 ℃ under the nitrogen protection atmosphere while stirring, then injecting an organic solvent C into the three-neck flask, heating to 300 ℃ for 10 minutes, naturally cooling to 200 ℃, then injecting an ethanol solution of 0.5 mL dodecyl mercaptan, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent D; the organic solvent D is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 2 mL toluene to obtain an organic solvent II containing NbS 2 nano particles;
S4, placing 4 mL oleylamine and 6 mL octadecene in a three-neck flask of 50 mL, heating to 180 ℃ under the nitrogen protection atmosphere while stirring, then injecting 10 mg chloroauric acid and 1 mL ethanol into the three-neck flask, keeping the temperature at 160 ℃ and heating stably for 10 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent E; the organic solvent E is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 1 mL chloroform to obtain an organic solvent III containing Au nano particles;
S5, placing the organic solvent I in the step S2, the organic solvent II in the step S3 and the organic solvent III in the step S4 into a three-neck flask of 100mL, heating to 160 ℃ for reaction for 10 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent F; the organic solvent F is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 3 mL chloroform, so as to obtain an organic solvent IV containing Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano particles;
S6, placing 28.8 mL cyclohexane, 6.6 mL triton-100, 1.0 mL polyoxyethylene (5) nonylphenyl ether, 6.6 mL n-butanol, 3 mL water and 0.5 mL ammonia water into a three-neck flask of 50 mL, and uniformly mixing to obtain an organic solvent G; adding the organic solvent G into the organic solvent IV in the step S5 of 1.0 mL, adding 15 microliters of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 100 microliters of tetraethoxysilane, and uniformly stirring for 2 hours to obtain an organic solvent H; adding 50 mL methanol into the organic solvent H to terminate the reaction, and centrifugally washing twice and dispersing in the methanol to obtain an organic solvent five, wherein Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles in the embodiment 1 of the invention are dispersed in the organic solvent five.
Experimental example
1. The preparation steps of the photothermal conversion material according to embodiment 1 of the present invention are as follows:
10 g polydimethyl siloxane monomer, 1 g silicon rubber curing agent, 1 g ammonium bicarbonate and 1 mL organic solvent 5 containing Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles are placed in a mortar for carefully grinding for 10 minutes, so that uniform and stable liquid is obtained. The milled liquid was transferred to a 100 mL beaker and heated in an oven at 135 ℃ for 2 hours. After the reaction, the temperature was lowered to room temperature and then the material was released from the mold to obtain a photothermal conversion material according to example 1 of the present invention.
2. TEM morphology of Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles in the embodiment 1 of the invention is obtained by shooting with a transmission electron microscope (model JEM-1200EX, manufacturer JEOL); the absorption spectrum of Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles is obtained by shooting with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (model UV-3600, manufacturer Shimadzu); the absorption spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the photothermal conversion material prepared from Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles are obtained by an integrating sphere measurement mode.
3. The temperature profile of the photothermal conversion material after the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles were used for the photothermal conversion material in example 1 of the present invention was obtained by suspending the photothermal conversion material in water, irradiating it with simulated solar light of 1: 1 kW/m 2 light intensity thereon, and recording the surface temperature of the material with an infrared camera.
4. The mass change curve of the photo-thermal conversion material after the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles are used for the photo-thermal conversion material in the embodiment 1 of the invention is obtained by suspending the photo-thermal conversion material in water, radiating the light with the simulated solar light with the light intensity of 1 kW/m 2 above the material, measuring the mass of the system every one hour, and calculating the water evaporation rate.
Analysis of results
Fig. 1 is a TEM morphology diagram of Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles in example 1 of the present invention, and it can be observed that the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano-particles are coated with a SiO 2 shell layer, and the stability of the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano-particles coated with a SiO 2 shell layer is significantly improved when the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano-particles are used for preparing a photothermal conversion material.
Fig. 2 shows the absorption spectrum of Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles in example 1 of the present invention, it can be observed that Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles have a very broad absorption spectrum and have a strong absorption at 800 nm, because the strong plasma laser coupling effect between Ag 2S、NbS2 and Au effectively couples the respective absorption spectra of Ag 2S、NbS2 and Au, so that Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles have excellent photo-thermal properties.
Fig. 3 shows the absorption spectrum of the photo-thermal conversion material after the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles are used in the photo-thermal conversion material in example 1 of the present invention, and it can be observed that the photo-thermal conversion material has extremely high absorptivity and extremely low reflectivity for light in the wavelength range of 400-3000 nm, and the excellent photo-thermal properties of the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles of the present invention are again verified.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the temperature profile of the photo-thermal conversion material after the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles are used for the photo-thermal conversion material in example 1 of the present invention, wherein the photo-thermal conversion material prepared from the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles of the present invention has the advantages of obvious temperature rise under illumination, high temperature rise speed, temperature balance within 1 minute, about 72 ℃, and capability of showing the photo-thermal evaporation rate of 3.824 kg.m -2·h-1 under illumination of 1 kW/m 2 by calculation, showing excellent photo-thermal conversion performance, and side evidence of excellent photo-thermal performance of the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a mass change curve of the photo-thermal conversion material after the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles are used in the photo-thermal conversion material in example 1 of the present invention, it can be observed that the photo-thermal conversion material prepared from the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles of the present invention has a fast water evaporation rate under light, 34.876 g of water is evaporated on the surface of 15.2 cm 2 for 6 hours, the water evaporation rate of the material at 1 kW m -2 light intensity is 3.824 kg m -2h-1, and the side surface proves excellent photo-thermal properties of the Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano-crystalline particles of the present invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the invention is illustrated in the figures of the accompanying drawings as one of its embodiments, without limitation in practice. In summary, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that the invention can be practiced without the specific details disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A nanocrystalline particle for a sensor, characterized by: the chemical general formula of the nano-crystalline particles is Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2, and the nano-crystalline particles consist of 13.6-15.0 nm of Ag 2 S,4.1-5.0 nm of Au and flaky NbS 2, and a SiO 2 shell layer is epitaxially coated after the Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au is mixed with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and an SiO 2 precursor solution of tetraethoxysilane.
2. A method for preparing nanocrystalline particles for sensors according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
S1, preparing a reagent required by preparing Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles;
s2, synthesizing an organic solvent I containing Ag 2 S nano particles by a one-step hot injection method;
S3, synthesizing an organic solvent II containing NbS 2 nano particles by a one-step hot injection method;
s4, synthesizing an organic solvent III containing Au nano particles by a one-step thermal injection method;
S5, uniformly mixing the first organic solvent in the step S2, the second organic solvent in the step S3 and the third organic solvent in the step S4, and synthesizing the fourth organic solvent containing Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano particles by a multi-step pyrolysis method;
S6, carrying out surface modification on the organic solvent IV containing Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano particles, coating a SiO 2 shell layer, and centrifuging, washing and dispersing to obtain an organic solvent V, wherein Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nano crystal particles are dispersed in the organic solvent V.
3. The method for preparing nanocrystalline particles for sensors according to claim 2, wherein: in step S1, the reagent comprises 99.85% silver nitrate, 98% N, N-di-tert-butyl thioformate, 99.98% ethanol, 85% oleylamine, 90% octadecene, 99.8% cyclohexane, 99.8% toluene, 99% chloroauric acid, 99% chloroform, 98% triton-100, 99.5% polyoxyethylene (5) nonylphenyl ether, 99.9% N-butanol, 99.9% ammonia water, 99.9% 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, 99.9% ethyl orthosilicate, 99.98% methanol, and an ethanol solution of NbCl 5, an oleylamine solution of sulfur powder, an ethanol solution of dodecyl mercaptan, an ethanol solution of chloroauric acid, wherein NbCl 5 in the ethanol solution of NbCl 5 takes up 0. mmol/mL, a sulfur powder in the oleylamine solution of sulfur powder takes up 0.032 mmol/mL, and a dodecyl mercaptan in the ethanol solution of 5. 10 mg/mL, and a chlorine solution in the ethanol solution of dodecyl mercaptan takes up 1/mL.
4. The method for preparing nanocrystalline particles for sensors according to claim 2, wherein: in step S2, the method specifically includes the following steps:
S2.1, dissolving 0.2 mmol of silver nitrate and 60 mg of N, N-di-tert-butyl thioformate serving as a sulfur source in ethanol of 1 mL to obtain an organic solvent A;
S2.2, placing 4 mL oleylamine and 6 mL octadecene into a three-neck flask of 50mL, heating to 205 ℃ under nitrogen protection while stirring, then injecting the organic solvent A in the step S2.1 into the three-neck flask, keeping the temperature at 190 ℃ and heating stably for 15 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent B;
S2.3, the organic solvent B in the step S2.2 is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 2 mL toluene, so as to obtain an organic solvent I containing Ag 2 S nano particles.
5. The method for preparing nanocrystalline particles for sensors according to claim 2, wherein: in step S3, the method specifically includes the following steps:
S3.1, uniformly mixing an ethanol solution of NbCl 5 of 0.5 mL with an oleylamine solution of sulfur powder of 0.5 mL to obtain an organic solvent C;
s3.2, placing 4 mL oleylamine and 6 mL octadecene into a three-neck flask of 50 mL, heating to 205 ℃ under nitrogen protection while stirring, then injecting the organic solvent C in the step S3.1 into the three-neck flask, heating to 300 ℃ stably for 10 minutes, naturally cooling to 200 ℃, then injecting the ethanol solution of dodecyl mercaptan of 0.5 mL, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent D;
S3.3, the organic solvent D in the step S3.2 is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then is dispersed in 2 mL toluene, so as to obtain an organic solvent II containing NbS 2 nano particles.
6. The method for preparing nanocrystalline particles for sensors according to claim 2, wherein: in step S4, the method specifically includes the following steps:
S4.1, placing 4 mL oleylamine and 6 mL octadecene into a three-neck flask of 50 mL, heating to 180 ℃ under the nitrogen protection atmosphere while stirring, then injecting 10 mg chloroauric acid and 1 mL ethanol into the three-neck flask, keeping the temperature at 160 ℃ and heating stably for 10 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent E;
s4.2, the organic solvent E in the step S4.1 is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 1 mL chloroform, so as to obtain an organic solvent III containing Au nano particles.
7. The method for preparing nanocrystalline particles for sensors according to claim 2, wherein: in step S5, the method specifically includes the following steps:
S5.1, placing the organic solvent I in the step S2, the organic solvent II in the step S3 and the organic solvent III in the step S4 into a three-neck flask of 100 mL, heating to 160 ℃ for reaction for 10 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an organic solvent F;
s5.2, the organic solvent F in the step S5.1 is subjected to ethanol precipitation and cyclohexane washing and then dispersed in 3 mL chloroform, so as to obtain an organic solvent IV containing Ag 2S-NbS2 -Au nano particles.
8. The method for preparing nanocrystalline particles for sensors according to claim 2, wherein: in step S6, the method specifically includes the following steps:
S6.1, placing 28.8 mL cyclohexane, 6.6 mL triton-100, 1.0 mL polyoxyethylene (5) nonylphenyl ether, 6.6 mL n-butanol, 3 mL water and 0.5 mL ammonia water into a three-neck flask of 50 mL, and uniformly mixing to obtain an organic solvent G;
S6.2, adding the organic solvent G in the step S6.1 into the organic solvent IV in the step S5 of 1.0 mL, adding 15 microliters of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 100 microliters of tetraethoxysilane, and uniformly stirring for 2 hours to obtain an organic solvent H;
S6.3, adding 50 mL methanol into the organic solvent H in the step S6.2 to terminate the reaction, and centrifugally washing for two times to obtain an organic solvent five, wherein Ag 2S-NbS2-Au@SiO2 nanocrystalline particles are dispersed in the organic solvent five.
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