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CN118077773A - Modulated milk powder for shaping intestinal tract of enterobacter and application thereof - Google Patents

Modulated milk powder for shaping intestinal tract of enterobacter and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118077773A
CN118077773A CN202211501688.2A CN202211501688A CN118077773A CN 118077773 A CN118077773 A CN 118077773A CN 202211501688 A CN202211501688 A CN 202211501688A CN 118077773 A CN118077773 A CN 118077773A
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calcium
vitamin
milk powder
shaping
parts
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Inventor
周玉权
王晓彦
段素芳
陈青山
刘彪
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Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co Ltd
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Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/16—Agglomerating or granulating milk powder; Making instant milk powder; Products obtained thereby
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/1522—Inorganic additives, e.g. minerals, trace elements; Chlorination or fluoridation of milk; Organic salts or complexes of metals other than natrium or kalium; Calcium enrichment of milk
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/1526—Amino acids; Peptides; Protein hydrolysates; Nucleic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/1528—Fatty acids; Mono- or diglycerides; Petroleum jelly; Paraffine; Phospholipids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/158—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives containing vitamins or antibiotics

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a prepared milk powder for shaping enterobacter jejuni, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17-26 parts of protein; 8-20 parts of fat; 2-8 parts of dietary fiber; 0.1 to 0.45 portion of compound vitamin; 0.2 to 2 portions of compound mineral; wherein the dietary fiber comprises polydextrose and galactooligosaccharides. The milk powder provided by the invention has a synergistic effect on a certain component and dosage, improves the structure of intestinal flora, and particularly promotes the shaping of intestinal type of enterobacteria.

Description

Modulated milk powder for shaping intestinal tract of enterobacter and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nutritional supplements, in particular to a modified milk powder for shaping enterobacter jejuni and application thereof.
Background
The human intestinal tract contains a large number of microbiota, and the microbiota interact with each other to form a complex network, and the types and the quantity of the microbiota are kept in dynamic balance within a certain range. Bacteria in the human gastrointestinal tract are statistically divided into mainly 4 gates according to natural attributes: thick-walled bacteria (Firmicutes), bacteroides (Bacteroid), proteus (Proteus) and Actinomycetes (Actinomycetes). The ratio of the firmicutes to the bacteroides is often used as an indicator of structural changes in the intestinal flora.
The intestinal flora is generally classified into 3 types, namely Bacteroides (bacterioides), praecox (Prevotella) and ruminococcus (Ruminococcus), according to the type, composition and quantity of the specific intestinal flora. The intestinal form will generally remain stable regardless of age, sex, BMI, race, genetic background, geographical location, but changes in long-term diet may cause changes in the intestinal form. Individuals of different intestinal types vary in nutrition digestion, absorption, metabolism, immunity, and drug metabolism.
The intestinal type is closely related to the past long-term dietary habit of people, such as the existing diet of the bacteroides crowd has more protein and animal fat intake; the intestinal group contains a large proportion of bacteroides specific carbohydrate-active enzymes which decompose animal carbohydrates, and the carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes are significantly enriched, so that the capacity of decomposing sugar and protein is increased. The existing diet of the population of the Probiotics type is mainly composed of carbohydrate, so that the dietary fiber is rich in the intestinal flora of the population or the population not in the west, the Probiotics hydrolase specifically hydrolyzes the plant fiber, but the capability of decomposing protein and fat of the intestinal population is reduced as a whole.
Backhed F, and the like, found that the fat content of the sterile mice is 42 percent lower than that of the conventional mice, but after the specific flora is transplanted into the sterile mice, the total fat content of the sterile mice is increased, which indicates that the intestinal flora can promote the absorption and storage of energy and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of obesity, and also proves that the intestinal flora can influence the obesity for the first time, and the prologue of the intestinal flora and the obesity research is opened. Subsequent studies have shown that obese animals and humans often have a disturbed intestinal flora. Compared with non-obese patients, the intestinal flora of obese patients is significantly changed, which is mainly represented by the decrease of intestinal flora diversity and the significant increase of the ratio of the firmicutes to the bacteroides.
Researches show that the milk body can obviously reduce the body fat content and the body fat rate and increase the skeletal muscle content when people drink the milk body of the bacteroides intestinal group; while no similar changes were observed in the population of the praecox intestinal type. Meanwhile, researches report that proper calcium intake is helpful for reducing weight and body fat rate. The dietary calcium intake is insufficient for the whole population in China, especially for children, the calcium deficiency rate of children aged 4-13 is about 90%, and the average calcium intake is only 1/3 of the recommended intake.
At the intake level of different calcium and compositions thereof, whether the intestinal flora diversity and the structure are different or not and whether the intestinal type is different or not are not reported at present. Therefore, how to shape the sausage of Bacteroides to promote health effects after milk drink is very well studied.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal type of the enterobacter, and the milk powder provided by the invention can be used for shaping the intestinal type of the enterobacter.
The invention provides a prepared milk powder for shaping enterobacter jejuni, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
17-26 parts of protein; 8-20 parts of fat; 2-8 parts of dietary fiber; 0.1 to 0.45 portion of compound vitamin; 0.2 to 2 portions of compound mineral;
Wherein the dietary fiber comprises polydextrose and galactooligosaccharides.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyglucose to the galacto-oligosaccharide is 0.5-10:1.
Preferably, the compound vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin C, folic acid and lutein or the combination of one or more of the vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folic acid and lutein with vitamin D3; the content of vitamin D3 in the compound vitamin is 2-14 mug/100 g.
Preferably, the compound mineral comprises one or more of ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and selenium-enriched yeast and a calcium source;
The calcium source comprises one or more of calcium carbonate, calcium gluconate, calcium citrate, calcium lactate, L-calcium lactate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, L-threonine, calcium glycinate, calcium aspartate, calcium citrate malate, calcium acetate, calcium chloride, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin E succinate, calcium glycerophosphate, calcium oxide, calcium sulfate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, milk mineral salt, casein calcium, calcium malate and calcium ascorbate
The calcium content in the compound mineral is 240-1320 mg/100g.
Preferably, the raw materials providing the protein source include two or more of raw milk, whole milk powder, skim milk powder, whey powder, desalted whey powder and whey protein powder;
The raw materials for providing fat source are one or more of whole milk powder, soybean oil, cream, anhydrous cream and phospholipid.
The invention provides a preparation method of a prepared milk powder for shaping intestinal type of enterobacteria, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) Mixing raw materials for providing protein sources, raw materials for providing fat sources, dietary fibers, compound vitamins and compound minerals to obtain feed liquid;
b) Homogenizing the feed liquid, sterilizing, concentrating, and spray drying to obtain the final product.
Preferably, the temperature of the mixed materials in the step A) is 40-60 ℃; the mixing time is 25-60 min; the mass concentration of the feed liquid is 10% -30%;
The homogenizing pressure in the step B) is 25-160 Mpa; homogenizing at 50-60 deg.c; the sterilization temperature is 90-100 ℃; the sterilization time is 10-25 s; the concentration temperature is 47-55 ℃; the air inlet temperature of the spray drying is 160-230 ℃ and the air exhaust temperature is 75-95 ℃.
The invention provides an application of the prepared milk powder in any one of the above to preparation of a product for shaping intestinal pseudo-bacteria.
Preferably, the shaping the enterobacteroides intestinal form comprises increasing the relative abundance of the bacteroides phylum; the abundance of the bacteroides is that of bacteroides in feces; the shaping of the enterobacteroides gut includes reducing the relative abundance of firmicutes; the abundance of the firmicutes is that of the firmicutes in feces.
Preferably, the shaping of the enterobacteroides intestinal form comprises reducing the ratio of firmicutes/bacteriobacteroides and has no significant effect on the diversity and community abundance of fecal flora.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal type of the enterobacter jejuni, which comprises the following nutrients in parts by weight: 17-26 parts of protein; 8-20 parts of fat; 2-8 parts of dietary fiber; 0.1 to 0.45 portion of compound vitamin; 0.2 to 2 portions of compound mineral; wherein the dietary fiber comprises polydextrose and galactooligosaccharides. The milk powder provided by the invention has a synergistic effect on a certain component and dosage, improves the structure of intestinal flora, and particularly promotes the shaping of intestinal type of enterobacteria.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a species relative abundance bar graph of the intestinal flora distribution of rat faeces at the first 10 flora distribution at the genus level;
FIG. 2 is a ternary phase diagram of 28-day feces at the portal level;
FIG. 3 is a graph of T_test species differences at portal level of the intestinal flora of rats after exposure to the combination group of calcium+vitamin D+PDX+GOS (PDX: GOS=1:1);
fig. 4 is a graph of t_test species differences at portal level of the rat intestinal flora after exposure of the calcium+vitamin d+pdx+gos combination group (PDX: gos=4:1).
Detailed Description
The invention provides a prepared milk powder for shaping intestinal pseudo-bacillus and application thereof, and a person skilled in the art can properly improve process parameters by referring to the content of the invention. It is expressly noted that all such similar substitutions and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and they are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that the invention can be practiced and practiced with modification and alteration and combination of the methods and applications herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The bacteriodes intestinal group has better health effect in reducing body fat and improving skeletal muscle after drinking milk than other intestinal groups. The invention provides an application of milk powder in shaping bacteroides enterotype and an application thereof in food, in particular to an application of milk powder in shaping bacteroides enterotype, which is characterized in that the structure of intestinal flora is improved, the relative abundance of bacteroides in feces is improved at the level of door, the relative abundance of bacteroides is reduced, the ratio of bacteroides to bacteroides is further reduced, and the bacteroides enterotype is shaped.
The invention provides a prepared milk powder for shaping enterobacter jejuni, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
17-26 parts of protein; 8-20 parts of fat; 2-8 parts of dietary fiber; 0.1 to 0.45 portion of compound vitamin; 0.2 to 2 portions of compound mineral;
Wherein the dietary fiber comprises polydextrose and galactooligosaccharides.
The invention provides a prepared milk powder for shaping intestinal type of enterobacter, which comprises 17-26 parts by weight of protein; preferably 18 to 25 parts by weight; more preferably, it comprises 19 to 24 parts by weight.
The source of the protein of the present invention may be any source used in the art, such as two or more of raw milk, whole milk powder, skim milk powder, whey powder, desalted whey powder and whey protein powder.
Sources of milk powder proteins that may be used in embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, milk protein powder, milk protein concentrate, milk protein serving, skim milk solids, skim milk, skim anhydrous milk, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, sweet whey, acid whey, casein, acid casein, caseinate, and any combination thereof.
The raw materials of the prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal type of the enterobacter jejuni comprise 8-20 parts by weight of fat; preferably 9 to 19 parts by weight; more preferably 10 to 18 parts by weight.
The raw materials of the fat source provided by the invention are one or more of whole milk powder, soybean oil, cream, anhydrous cream and phospholipid.
The raw materials of the prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal type of the enterobacter jejuni comprise 2-8 parts by weight of dietary fibers; preferably comprises 3 to 7 weight parts of dietary fiber; more preferably, the amount may be 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, or 7 parts by weight, or a point value between any two of the above.
Wherein the dietary fiber comprises polydextrose and galactooligosaccharides. The source of the dietary fiber also comprises fructo-oligosaccharides, isomerized lactose or xylo-oligosaccharides;
The mass ratio of the polydextrose to the galactooligosaccharide is 0.5-10:1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of the polyglucose to the galactooligosaccharide is (1 to 9): 1, a step of; more preferably (1 to 8): 1, a step of; most preferably (1 to 7): 1, a step of; specifically, the ratio can be 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1 and 8:1; or a point value between any two of the above.
The polydextrose meets the requirement of GB 25541; galactooligosaccharides meet the requirements of the Ministry of health, 2008, no. 20.
The raw materials of the prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal type of the enterobacter jejuni comprise 0.1 to 0.45 weight part of compound vitamin; preferably comprises 0.15 to 0.40 parts by weight; more preferably 0.2 to 0.40 parts by weight;
specifically, the compound vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin C, folic acid and lutein or the combination of one or more of the vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folic acid and lutein and vitamin D3;
The content of vitamin D3 in the compound vitamin is preferably 2-14 mug/100 g; more preferably 2 to 12. Mu.g/100 g; most preferably 2.2 to 10. Mu.g/100 g.
The raw materials of the prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal type of the enterobacter jejuni comprise 0.2 to 2 parts by weight of compound mineral substances; preferably comprises 0.5 to 1.8 parts by weight; more preferably, it may be 0.6 to 1.6 parts by weight; particularly preferably, the amount may be 0.7 parts by weight, 0.9 parts by weight, 1.1 parts by weight, 1.3 parts by weight or 1.6 parts by weight or a point value between any two of the above.
Specifically, the compound mineral comprises one or more of ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and selenium-enriched yeast and a calcium source;
The calcium source comprises one or more of calcium carbonate, calcium gluconate, calcium citrate, calcium lactate, L-calcium lactate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, L-threonine, calcium glycinate, calcium aspartate, calcium citrate malate, calcium acetate, calcium chloride, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin E succinate, calcium glycerophosphate, calcium oxide, calcium sulfate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, milk mineral salt, casein calcium, calcium malate and calcium ascorbate
The preferable content of the compound mineral calcium is 240-1320 mg/100g; more preferably 250 to 1300mg/100g; most preferably 500 to 1300mg/100g; particularly preferably 1000 to 1300mg/100g.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials of the prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal tract of the enterobacter jejuni provided by the present invention include the following nutrients in parts by weight:
18-25 parts of protein; 9-19 parts of fat; 3-7 parts of dietary fiber; 0.15 to 0.40 portion of compound vitamin; 0.2 to 2 portions of compound mineral;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials of the prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal tract of the enterobacter jejuni provided by the present invention include the following nutrients in parts by weight:
19-24 parts of protein; 10-18 parts of fat; 4-6 parts of dietary fiber; 0.2 to 0.40 portion of compound vitamin; 0.5 to 1.7 portions of compound mineral;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials of the prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal tract of the enterobacter jejuni provided by the present invention include the following nutrients in parts by weight:
19.2 parts of protein, 15.3 parts of fat, 6.8 parts of dietary fiber, 1290mg/100g of calcium and 8.1 mug/100 g of vitamin D3, wherein the weight ratio of the polydextrose to the galactooligosaccharide in the prepared milk powder is 1.3:1.
In some embodiments of the invention, the raw materials of the prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal tract of the enterobacter jejuni provided by the invention comprise the following nutrients in parts by weight:
22.5 parts of protein, 14.5 parts of fat, 3.4 parts of dietary fiber, 1140mg/100g of calcium and 7.6 mug/100 g of vitamin D3, wherein the weight ratio of the polydextrose to the galactooligosaccharide in the prepared milk powder is 3.2:1 based on effective substances.
The prepared milk powder of the invention can also be selectively added with solid corn syrup, maltodextrin, choline, DHA, ARA, lactoferrin, probiotics and other components, and the invention is not limited to this.
The invention provides a preparation method of a prepared milk powder for shaping intestinal type of enterobacteria, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) Mixing raw materials for providing protein sources, raw materials for providing fat sources, dietary fibers, compound vitamins and compound minerals to obtain feed liquid;
b) Homogenizing the feed liquid, sterilizing, concentrating, and spray drying to obtain the prepared milk powder with improved absorption capacity.
The preparation method of the prepared milk powder for shaping the intestinal tract of the enterobacter comprises the steps of firstly mixing raw materials for providing protein sources, raw materials for providing fat sources, dietary fibers, compound vitamins and compound minerals to obtain feed liquid. Preferably, the raw materials are added into raw milk or water for mixing; obtaining evenly mixed feed liquid, preferably, the mass concentration of the feed liquid is 10% -30%, the mixing temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the mixing time is 25-60 min; more preferably, the mass concentration of the feed liquid is 12-28%, the mixing temperature is 45-55 ℃, and the mixing time is 30-55 min.
Homogenizing the feed liquid, preferably, the homogenizing pressure is 25-160 MPa, and the homogenizing temperature is 50-60 ℃; more preferably, the homogenizing pressure is 50-150 Mpa; the homogenizing temperature is 52-58 ℃.
Sterilizing the homogenized feed liquid, wherein the sterilization temperature is preferably 90-100 ℃ and the sterilization time is 10-25 s; more preferably, the sterilization temperature is 91-99 ℃; the sterilization time is 12-23 s.
Concentrating the sterilized feed liquid, preferably at 47-55deg.C, with feed liquid concentration of 45-55wt%; more preferably, the concentration temperature is 48-53 ℃; the concentration of the feed liquid is 46-53 wt%;
Spray drying the concentrated feed liquid at 165-230 deg.c and 75-95 deg.c to obtain homogeneous dried powder, i.e. milk powder. More preferably, the air inlet temperature of the spray drying is 170-220 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is 80-90 ℃.
The components and the proportion are technical characteristics of mutually supporting each other in function and having interaction relation; the application of the present invention can be realized as long as the above specific components and proportions are satisfied.
The invention provides an application of the prepared milk powder in any one of the above to preparation of a product for shaping intestinal pseudo-bacteria.
The inventor discovers that the prepared milk powder provided by the invention has the effect of improving intestinal flora.
The invention improves the composition of intestinal flora, including improving the composition of the flora in feces, and shaping the intestinal form of the enterobacteria.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the shaping of the enterobacteroides intestinal form comprises increasing the relative abundance of the bacteriobacteroides phylum.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the shaping of the enterobacteroides intestinal form comprises reducing the relative abundance of firmicutes.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the shaping the enterobacteroides intestinal form comprises reducing the ratio of firmicutes/bacteriobacteroides, without significantly affecting the diversity and community abundance of fecal flora.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the abundance of bacteroides and/or firmicutes is that of bacteroides and/or firmicutes in feces; preferably as a result of rat faeces.
The invention provides a 'milk powder' for regulating the health effect of intestinal flora structure and application of the composition in food. In particular, the invention provides the application of the composition in preparing foods for regulating intestinal flora, and the health effect of the composition is verified by sequencing and analyzing fecal 16s rRNA, so that unexpected effects are achieved.
The method comprises the following steps: 1) The composition has no significant effect on the diversity and community richness of feces; 2) The composition improves intestinal flora structure, and at the level of door, improves the relative abundance of Bacteroides in feces, reduces the relative abundance of Trichoderma, and reduces the ratio of Trichoderma to Bacteroides. 3) After the composition is dried, the intestinal flora takes the bacteroides as the highest relative abundance, and the bacteroides intestinal type is molded.
The present invention provides 5 different comparative examples, a low calcium group, a high calcium group, a calcium+vitamin D group, a calcium+vitamin d+pdx+gos group (PDX: gos=1:1), a calcium+vitamin d+pdx+gos group (PDX: gos=4:1), by a growth phase rat model simulating different intake levels of calcium; the low-calcium group calcium dose only accounts for 1/3 of the recommended amount of the growth-period animal model, and the high-calcium group calcium dose is supplemented to the recommended ideal dose of the growth-period animal; the calcium dosage after the calcium plus vitamin D group is 3/4 of that of the high-calcium group, and the vitamin D dosage is 1.5 times of that of the low-calcium group and the high-calcium group; the calcium+vitamin d+pdx+gos combination (PDX: gos=1:1), the calcium dose after supplementation was 3/4 of the high calcium group and the vitamin D dose was 1.5 times of the low and high calcium groups; the calcium dose after calcium + vitamin D + PDX + GOS combination (PDX: GOS = 4:1) supplementation was 3/4 of the high calcium group and the vitamin D dose was 1.5 times that of the low and high calcium groups.
The invention discovers that compared with the low-calcium group, the relative abundance of the firmicutes of the high-calcium group is increased, the relative abundance of the bacteroides is reduced, and the fact that the proportion of the firmicutes and the bacteroides cannot be adjusted by simply increasing calcium is suggested. Compared with a low-calcium group, the abundance of the thick-walled bacteria of the calcium+vitamin D group is reduced, the relative abundance of the Proteus is increased, and the relative abundance of the bacteroides is not greatly changed; on the basis, the polydextrose and the galactooligosaccharide are added, so that the relative abundance of the bacteroides can be further increased, the relative abundance of the firmicutes can be reduced, and the proportion of the firmicutes to the bacteroides can be reduced; in addition, intestinal flora is formed with the highest relative abundance of bacteroides, and bacteroides intestinal type is formed.
By comparing the above groups, the invention discovers that the composition of calcium, vitamin D, PDX and GOS has obvious effects on changing the structure of intestinal flora and shaping the intestinal type of bacteroides, and obtains unexpected technical effects.
The invention provides an application of a prepared milk powder in preparing a product for shaping intestinal tracts of enterobacteria; the invention discovers that the synergistic effect of certain components and dosages of calcium, vitamin D, PDX and GOS improves the structure of intestinal flora, and particularly promotes the modeling of intestinal type of enterobacteria.
The product of the invention includes food; the food includes dairy products, snack foods, drinks or pet foods.
The food products of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art and include, but are not limited to, vegetable products, edible mushroom products, legume products, beverage products, and the like.
The dairy product comprises liquid milk (pasteurized milk, sterilized milk, prepared milk, fermented milk); milk powder (whole milk powder, skim milk powder, partially skim milk powder, modified milk powder, bovine colostrum powder); other dairy products. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the first is liquid milk. Mainly comprises sterilized milk, yoghourt and the like. The second category is the milk powder category. Including whole milk powder, skim milk powder, whole sweetened milk powder, flavored milk powder, infant milk powder, and other formula milk powders. The third class is condensed milk. The fourth group is the milk fat group. Including cream for cake making, common breaded butter, and the like. The fifth category is cheeses and processed cheeses. The sixth category is the cream category. The seventh category is other dairy products. Mainly comprises casein, lactose, milk slices and the like.
The dairy product according to the invention preferably comprises one or several of milk flakes, cheese or milk-based snacks.
The product can be powder, gel, paste, solid, concentrate, suspension, etc.
The above-described food products of the present invention include the above-described creamer and ingredients well known in the food art. The present invention has been described for the above milk powder clearly, and will not be described again.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail the prepared milk powder for shaping intestinal pseudo-bacteria and the application thereof provided by the present invention with reference to examples.
Example 1
4400Kg of raw cow milk, 350kg of desalted whey powder, 30kg of polydextrose, 50kg of galactooligosaccharide, 25kg of whey protein powder, 16kg of calcium carbonate, 8kg of milk mineral salt, 2kg of phospholipid, 3.5kg of compound vitamins (including vitamin D3, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin B1, lutein and folic acid) and 1.5kg of compound minerals (including ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and magnesium sulfate).
The main nutritional components of the formula milk powder are as follows: the milk powder comprises 19.2% of protein, 15.3% of fat, 6.8% of dietary fiber, 1290mg/100g of calcium and 8.1 mug/100 g of vitamin D3, wherein the weight ratio of the polydextrose to the galactooligosaccharide in the milk powder is 1.3.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the prepared milk powder, which comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing: adding desalted whey powder, polydextrose, galactooligosaccharide, whey protein powder, milk mineral salt, phospholipid and other raw materials, as well as compound vitamins, calcium carbonate and compound minerals into raw milk to mix to obtain uniformly mixed feed liquid, wherein the mixing concentration is preferably 19%, the mixing temperature is 50 ℃, and the mixing time is 50min;
2) Homogenizing: homogenizing the feed liquid, preferably, the homogenizing pressure is 115MPa, and the homogenizing temperature is 55 ℃;
3) Pasteurizing: sterilizing the homogenized feed liquid, wherein the sterilization temperature is preferably 91 ℃ and the sterilization time is 15s;
4) Concentrating: concentrating the sterilized feed liquid, preferably at 50 ℃ and 49%;
5) Spray drying: spray drying the concentrated feed liquid to obtain powder with air inlet temperature of 191 deg.c and air exhaust temperature of 89 deg.c.
Example 2
3400Kg of raw milk, 300kg of skim milk powder, 230kg of desalted whey powder, 25kg of polydextrose, 10kg of galacto-oligosaccharide, 12kg of calcium carbonate, 2kg of phospholipid, 1kg of choline, 2.5kg of compound vitamins (including vitamin D3, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C) and 1kg of compound minerals (including ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate).
The main nutritional components of the formula milk powder are as follows: 22.5% of protein, 14.5% of fat, 3.4% of dietary fiber, 1140mg/100g of calcium and 7.6 mug/100 g of vitamin D3, wherein the weight ratio of the polyglucose to the galacto-oligosaccharide in the prepared milk powder is 3.2.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the prepared milk powder, which comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing: adding raw materials such as skimmed milk powder, desalted whey powder, polydextrose, galactooligosaccharide, choline, phospholipid, and the like, and compound vitamins, calcium carbonate and compound minerals into raw milk to mix to obtain uniformly mixed feed liquid, wherein the mixing concentration is preferably 20.5%, the mixing temperature is 48 ℃, and the mixing time is 47min;
2) Homogenizing: homogenizing the feed liquid, preferably at a homogenizing pressure of 140MPa and a homogenizing temperature of 59 ℃;
3) Pasteurizing: sterilizing the homogenized feed liquid, preferably at 95 ℃ for 25s;
4) Concentrating: concentrating the sterilized feed liquid, preferably at 55 ℃ and 53%;
5) Spray drying: spray drying the concentrated feed liquid to obtain uniform powder, wherein the air inlet temperature is 210 ℃ and the air outlet temperature is 85 ℃.
Example 3 animal test
1.1 Test animals and groups:
SPF-grade weaned SD rats, 60 males, weighing 45 g-65 g, were purchased from Beijing Veitz laboratory animal technologies Inc., animal eligibility number SCXK (Beijing) 2016-0006. Animals were kept in a barrier grade animal house from the university of Sichuan China, china and the university of China, china and China, and had a certification No. SYXK (Chuan) 2018-011. The free drinking water and full feeding of animals are ensured in the feeding process, and the drinking water is sterilized pure water. The rats are raised in a cage with stainless steel wires at the bottom, the animal houses are kept in a quiet, clean, ventilated and proper illumination state, the humidity is 40-70% at 20-26 ℃, and the light and shade alternation period is 12 hours.
Rats were fed adaptively for 2 weeks with AIN-93G standard feed (south-pass tenofeil feed technologies, inc. Production license number Su Sizheng ((2019) 06092). Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 12 animals each by weight, each group being given with calcium, vitamin D3, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), polydextrose (PDX) by mixed feeding, the feed formulas of each group being given in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1 grouping of experiments
Table 2 feed formulation for each experimental group
1.2 Experimental methods
The feces of each group of rats 28 days after gastric lavage were collected, 16s rRNA gene sequencing was performed, and the sequencing data were analyzed for OTU, sample complexity, multiple sample comparisons, and the like.
1.3 Experimental results
(1) Effect of "D-calcium supplement" on structure and composition of 28-day fecal intestinal flora
1) Alpha diversity analysis of 28 day feces
The number of OUT sequences for each sample was analyzed for Alpha diversity and the Alpha diversity index was calculated as follows. There was no statistical difference in Observed _ Species, shannon, simpson, chao, ACE, goods _coverage, pd_hole_tree index for the low and high ratio groups compared to the boost group. Indicating that each experimental group has no significant effect on the diversity of feces and the abundance of communities.
Table 3 table of the index of diversity of intestinal flora in fecal samples of growing rats for 28 days in combination with prebiotics
2) At portal level, analysis of intestinal flora structure
Structural changes in flora
FIG. 1 is a species relative abundance bar graph of intestinal flora distribution at the first 10 flora at the genus level for rat faeces; figure 2 is a ternary phase diagram of 28-day stool at the portal level.
From the species relative abundance bar graph and ternary phase graph, the highest ratio of the phylum pachyrhizus (Firmicutes) and the phylum bacteroides (Bacteroidetes) in rat feces was found at the portal level, followed by the phylum actinomycetes (Actinobacteria) and the phylum proteus (Proteobacteria).
Compared with the low-calcium group, the relative abundance of the firmicutes in the high-calcium group is increased, the relative abundance of the bacteroides is reduced, and the fact that the proportion of the firmicutes and the bacteroides cannot be adjusted by simply increasing the calcium is suggested.
Compared with a low-calcium group, the relative abundance of the thick-walled bacteria of the calcium+vitamin D3 group is reduced, the relative abundance of the Proteus is increased, and the relative abundance of the bacteroides is not greatly changed;
Compared with the calcium+vitamin D3 group, the calcium+vitamin D3+pdx+gos combined group (PDX: gos=1:1) and the calcium+vitamin D3+pdx+gos combined group (PDX: gos=4:1) significantly increase the relative abundance of the phylum pseudomycota (Bacteroidota), and reduce the relative abundance of the firmicutes phylum (Firmicutes); from the aspect of the ratio, the ratio of the bacteroides in the intestinal flora is the highest.
It was found by calculation that the ratio of the calcium+vitamin d3+pdx+gos combination group (PDX: gos=4:1), the calcium+vitamin d+pdx+gos combination group (PDX: gos=1:1) and the calcium+vitamin D3 group of firmicutes/bacteroides door (Firmicutes/Bacteroidota) was 0.29±0.09, respectively; 0.48+ -0.11; 1.54.+ -. 0.7, the combination of prebiotics significantly reduced this ratio (P < 0.05).
The ratio of firmicutes to bacteroides is often used as an indicator of structural changes in the intestinal microbiota, and studies have shown that intestinal microbiota in obese animals and humans exhibit higher firmicutes/bacteroides ratios, and that a decrease in the ratio can aid in weight control. Meanwhile, from the aspect of intestinal type, the capacity of decomposing sugar and protein of the bacteroides crowd is increased, and the metabolic capacity of nutrient substances is improved.
The results suggest that combining GOS/PDX on the basis of the calcium + vitamin D group can improve the structure of the intestinal flora by reducing the ratio of firmicutes/bacteroides in the intestinal flora, which is the highest in relative abundance with bacteroides, and shape the bacteroides intestinal type.
T_test species difference analysis
FIG. 3 is a graph of T_test species differences at portal level of the intestinal flora of rats after exposure to the combination group of calcium+vitamin D+PDX+GOS (PDX: GOS=1:1); fig. 4 is a graph of t_test species differences at portal level of the rat intestinal flora after exposure of the calcium+vitamin d+pdx+gos combination group (PDX: gos=4:1).
As can be seen from the above t_test species difference analysis chart, the combination group of calcium+vitamin d+pdx+gos (PDX: gos=1:1) and the combination group of calcium+vitamin d+pdx+gos (PDX: gos=4:1) were bacteroides (Bacteroidota) and actinomycota (Actinobacteriota) with significantly increased abundance at the gate level compared to the calcium+vitamin D group; all that significantly reduces the abundance is the firmicutes door (Firmicutes).
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The prepared milk powder for shaping the sausage of the enterobacter jejuni is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
17-26 parts of protein; 8-20 parts of fat; 2-8 parts of dietary fiber; 0.1 to 0.45 portion of compound vitamin; 0.2 to 2 portions of compound mineral;
Wherein the dietary fiber comprises polydextrose and galactooligosaccharides.
2. The modified milk powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polydextrose to the galacto-oligosaccharide is 0.5 to 10:1.
3. The modified milk powder of claim 1, wherein the compound vitamins comprise vitamin a, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin C, folic acid, and lutein in combination with vitamin D3; the content of vitamin D3 in the compound vitamin is 2-14 mug/100 g.
4. The modified milk powder of claim 1, wherein the complex minerals comprise a combination of one or more of ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and selenium-enriched yeast with a calcium source;
The calcium source comprises one or more of calcium carbonate, calcium gluconate, calcium citrate, calcium lactate, L-calcium lactate, calcium hydrophosphate, L-threonine, calcium glycinate, calcium aspartate, calcium citrate malate, calcium acetate, calcium chloride, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin E calcium succinate, calcium glycerophosphate, calcium oxide, calcium sulfate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, milk mineral salt, casein calcium, calcium malate and calcium ascorbate, and the calcium content in the compound mineral is 240-1320 mg/100g.
5. The modified milk powder of claim 1, wherein the protein-derived raw material comprises two or more of raw milk, whole milk powder, skim milk powder, whey powder, desalted whey powder and whey protein powder;
The raw materials for providing fat source are one or more of whole milk powder, soybean oil, cream, anhydrous cream and phospholipid.
6. A method for preparing the modified milk powder for shaping intestinal type of escherichia coli according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
a) Mixing raw materials for providing protein sources, raw materials for providing fat sources, dietary fibers, compound vitamins and compound minerals to obtain feed liquid;
b) Homogenizing the feed liquid, sterilizing, concentrating, and spray drying to obtain the final product.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the mixture in step a) is 40 to 60 ℃; the mixing time is 25-60 min; the mass concentration of the feed liquid is 10% -30%;
The homogenizing pressure in the step B) is 25-160 Mpa; homogenizing at 50-60 deg.c; the sterilization temperature is 90-100 ℃; the sterilization time is 10-25 s; the concentration temperature is 47-55 ℃; the air inlet temperature of the spray drying is 160-230 ℃ and the air exhaust temperature is 75-95 ℃.
8. Use of the modified milk powder according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for the preparation of a product for shaping the intestinal tract of enterobacteria.
9. The use according to claim 8, wherein said shaping of the enterobacteroides intestinal form comprises increasing the relative abundance of the bacteroides phylum; the abundance of the bacteroides is that of bacteroides in feces; the shaping of the enterobacteroides gut includes reducing the relative abundance of firmicutes; the abundance of the firmicutes is that of the firmicutes in feces.
10. The use according to claim 8, wherein said shaping of the enterobacteroides intestinal form comprises reducing the ratio of firmicutes/bacteriobacteroides and has no significant effect on the diversity and community abundance of fecal flora.
CN202211501688.2A 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 Modulated milk powder for shaping intestinal tract of enterobacter and application thereof Pending CN118077773A (en)

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