CN118050203A - Layered acquisition sampling device for detecting undisturbed soil of hillside fields - Google Patents
Layered acquisition sampling device for detecting undisturbed soil of hillside fields Download PDFInfo
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- CN118050203A CN118050203A CN202410437618.8A CN202410437618A CN118050203A CN 118050203 A CN118050203 A CN 118050203A CN 202410437618 A CN202410437618 A CN 202410437618A CN 118050203 A CN118050203 A CN 118050203A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004181 pedogenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling and detection, and particularly provides a layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting undisturbed soil of a hillside farmland; comprises a frame, wherein a drilling propulsion mechanism for drilling and moving towards a soil layer is arranged on the frame; the drilling propulsion mechanism comprises a travel frame vertically and slidably arranged on the frame, a plurality of drilling barrel assemblies are vertically and rotatably arranged on the travel frame, and a precession driving assembly for driving the drilling barrel assemblies to synchronously rotate is arranged on the travel frame; the device provided by the invention can acquire a plurality of samples in a single sampling process, can compare the samples to reduce the influence of random sampling, and can also provide a plurality of sample backups; in addition, the double-layer sleeving combination and the single quick-dismantling design of the built-in drilling cylinder and the built-out drilling cylinder are adopted in the drilling cylinder assembly, the built-in drilling cylinder adopts the half-and-half splicing structure design and the inner and outer sets of windows, so that the sampling pressure can be adjusted, the quick layered sampling and the quick-dismantling complete sampling are realized, and the sampling quality and the integrity of the sample are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling and detection, and particularly provides a layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting undisturbed soil of a hillside farmland.
Background
The hillside cultivated land is dry land with poor flatness, serious water and soil loss and low crop yield, and the landform type mainly refers to land with a gradient of 6-25 degrees, and is mostly called hillside cultivated land after reclamation. The existence of the hillside fields severely restricts the great improvement of the crop yield of the dry lands, so that in order to scientifically plant and guide the hillside fields to improve the crop yield, the original soil of the hillside fields is required to be sampled and detected, and the soil sampling and detecting has the following purposes: 1) Knowing the current situation of the soil environment: soil quality, nutrient content, organic matters, microbial activity and other conditions of the hillside farmland can be deeply known through soil layer sampling detection; such information is critical to assessing land productivity, understanding soil health, and developing targeted land management measures.
2) Evaluating soil pollution conditions: sampling detection can help identify contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticide residues, etc. that may be present in hillside fields, thereby assessing soil pollution levels and potential risks; the method has important significance for protecting soil environment and ensuring the safety of agricultural products.
3) Guiding agricultural production: according to the soil sampling detection result, more scientific and reasonable agricultural production measures such as fertilization, irrigation, cultivation and the like can be formulated, and the land utilization rate and the crop yield are improved. Meanwhile, scientific basis can be provided for agricultural structure adjustment and crop planting planning.
4) And (3) researching a soil evolution rule: by long-term sampling detection of the soil layer of the hillside farmland, the evolution rule of soil nutrients and properties can be researched, and data support is provided for predicting the soil change trend and formulating a long-term soil management strategy.
When current soil sampling detects, generally bore the sample through the soil sampler that has a bore section of thick bamboo to soil, and be the single bore section of thick bamboo structure basically, in addition in order to cooperate the deep sample that carries out the deeper soil layer, bore a section of thick bamboo and be mostly elongated cylindric, need carry out deep sample when the soil structure state of hillside land is under the unknown circumstances, current soil sampling equipment obviously has following drawback: 1) The existing sampler with a single drilling barrel structure can only finish single sample sampling at a time, and when the quality of a sampled sample is poor or the sampled sample cannot be used as a detection sample due to damage, repeated sampling is needed, so that the sampler is inconvenient.
2) When taking a sample to deeper soil layer, along with boring deeply, bore a section of thick bamboo internal pressure and can increase gradually, on the one hand probably can lead to the fact the destruction to boring a section of thick bamboo self structure, on the other hand, the sample produces the extrusion and destroys, especially when needs acquire soil layer distribution state information, can influence the integrality and the accuracy of sample, and current general sampler does not possess pressure release structure mostly, and the sampler pressure release state that possesses pressure release structure is generally unadjustable, can't carry out adaptability pressure release to the state of detected soil.
3) The drilling barrel of the existing sampler is of a complete cylindrical structure, or a notch is formed in the drilling barrel, but the sampling sample is taken out of the barrel in a pushing mode from one end of the drilling barrel basically, careful operation is needed when the sampling sample is withdrawn, the integrity of the sample is easily damaged if the sampling sample is improperly operated, sampling failure is caused, and particularly when the sample is tightly attached in the drilling barrel, the withdrawal difficulty is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a layered acquisition sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside farmland, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical scheme: the layered acquisition sampling device for the original soil detection of the hillside farmland comprises a rack, wherein a drilling propulsion mechanism for drilling and moving towards a soil layer is arranged on the rack; the drilling propelling mechanism comprises a travel frame which is vertically and slidably arranged on the frame, a plurality of drilling barrel assemblies are vertically and rotatably arranged on the travel frame, and a screw driving assembly which drives a plurality of drilling barrel assemblies to synchronously rotate is arranged on the travel frame.
The drilling barrel assembly comprises a rotary barrel rotatably mounted on the travel frame, and a plug seat is coaxially arranged in the rotary barrel and rotatably mounted; the rotary drum bottom is detachably connected and installed with an external drilling barrel, the inserting seat bottom is detachably connected and installed with an internal drilling barrel, two ends of the external drilling barrel are opened, and the external drilling barrel is sleeved on the internal drilling barrel.
A plurality of outer cylinder gaps are formed in the external drill cylinder in an axial distribution manner, and the outer cylinder gaps are communicated with the external drill cylinder in the radial direction; the inner cylinder notch is arranged on the inner drill cylinder in a one-to-one correspondence manner with the plurality of outer cylinder notches in an axial distribution manner, the inner drill cylinder is of a half-and-half splicing structure, and the inner cylinder notch and the splicing surface of the inner drill cylinder are relatively and vertically communicated.
The top end of the rotary drum is provided with a pressure relief adjusting component for driving the plug seat to rotate; when the pressure relief adjusting component drives the plug seat to rotate, the built-in drill cylinder synchronously rotates along with the plug seat, and the gap of the inner cylinder and the gap of the outer cylinder at the opposite position continuously change between a complete dislocation state and a complete superposition state.
Preferably, the outer wall of the built-in drilling cylinder is attached to the inner wall of the external drilling cylinder, and the bottom end of the built-in drilling cylinder is located in the external drilling cylinder.
Preferably, the top end of the external drilling cylinder is in plug-in fit with the bottom end of the rotary cylinder, the top end of the external drilling cylinder is sleeved with a rotary screw sleeve, and the screw sleeve is installed on the side wall, close to the bottom end, of the rotary cylinder in a screwing fit manner.
Preferably, the bottom end of the plug seat is provided with a key hole, and the top end of the built-in drill cylinder is provided with a plug key which is in plug fit with the key hole; the utility model discloses a rotary drum drilling machine, including socket, rotary drum, locating pin, socket top, pin hole, inner drill section of thick bamboo concatenation face, the socket top is fixed with the spring leaf, be connected with two locating pins on the spring leaf, two the locating pin is radially relative slip grafting along the rotary drum is on the socket, just the locating pin link up and stretches into in the spliced eye, set up on the pin hole with two locating pin grafting complex pinhole, just the pin hole is relative to the inner drill section of thick bamboo concatenation face link up perpendicularly and set up.
Preferably, a plurality of grafting feet are circumferentially distributed at the bottom end of the rotary drum, and a plurality of grafting gaps which are in one-to-one grafting fit with the grafting feet are circumferentially distributed at the top end of the external drilling drum.
Preferably, the pressure release adjusting component comprises a driven frame which is vertically installed at the top end of the rotary drum in a sliding fit manner, an adjusting screw is connected to the driven frame in a threaded fit manner, and the adjusting screw is vertically fixed at the top end of the plug-in seat.
Preferably, a plurality of drill cylinder assemblies are circumferentially distributed; the precession driving assembly comprises a driving shaft which is vertically and rotatably arranged on the travel frame, the driving shaft is positioned at the circumference distribution center of the drilling barrel assemblies, a central gear is fixed on the driving shaft, and a driven gear ring meshed with the central gear is fixed on the rotating barrel.
Preferably, the frame comprises a base, a plurality of guide sleeves which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the drill drum assemblies are fixed on the base, and when the external drill drum passes through the guide sleeves at the corresponding positions, the outer wall of the external drill drum is in contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve.
Preferably, a plurality of earth inserting pins for being inserted into soil layers are hinged to the bottom end of the base.
Preferably, rotary cutting saw teeth are arranged at the bottom end of the external drill cylinder.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the invention provides a layered acquisition sampling device for detecting undisturbed soil of a hillside land, which is provided with a plurality of drilling barrel assemblies to replace sampling equipment arranged in a traditional single drilling barrel, so that a plurality of samples can be obtained in a single sampling process, the sampling can be compared to reduce the influence of random sampling, and a plurality of sample backups can be provided; the double-layer sleeved combination design of the built-in drilling cylinder and the external drilling cylinder is adopted in the drilling cylinder assembly, the built-in drilling cylinder adopts a half-and-half splicing structure design, the built-in drilling cylinder and the external drilling cylinder are of independent quick assembly and disassembly structures, in addition, a plurality of inner cylinder notches distributed in the axial direction of the built-in drilling cylinder are matched with a plurality of outer cylinder notches distributed in the axial direction of the external drilling cylinder to form a plurality of groups of pressure relief windows, the pressure relief windows can also be used as a plurality of groups of layered sampling windows, and the pressure relief adjusting components for adjusting the sizes of the windows are matched, so that the sizes of the pressure relief windows can be adjusted timely according to the detected soil state before sampling, the proper sampling pressure of the drilling cylinder assembly is ensured, the sampling quality is improved, the sample integrity is ensured, in addition, a plurality of layered sampling windows which can be completely opened can realize quick layered interception sampling, the quick assembly is realized, the sample integrity is ensured, and meanwhile, the problems of larger material withdrawal resistance and sample damage caused by improper operation existing during material withdrawal of the existing drilling cylinder are solved.
Drawings
The invention and its features, aspects and advantages will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings. Like numbers refer to like parts throughout the several views, and are not intended to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a layered collection sampling device for detecting undisturbed soil in a hillside field.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a layered collection sampling device for detecting undisturbed soil of a hillside farmland, which is provided by the invention, under another view angle.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a layered collection sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside farmland.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the drill barrel assembly.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the drill barrel assembly.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of B-B of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the external drill barrel and the rotary barrel mounted in a matched manner.
Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view at C in fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the assembly of the internal drill barrel with the socket and the pressure relief adjustment assembly.
Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view at D in fig. 10.
In the figure: 1. a frame; 11. a base; 111. a guide sleeve; 112. a ground pin; 12. a guide post; 13. a top plate; 2. drilling and pushing mechanism; 21. a motor I; 22. a screw rod; 23. a travel frame; 231. a travel plate; 232. rotating the support plate; 233. a sleeve; 24. a precession drive assembly; 241. a motor II; 242. a drive shaft; 243. a sun gear; 3. a drill cylinder assembly; 4. a rotating drum; 41. a driven gear ring; 42. a plug pin; 43. a bearing is arranged in the bearing; 44. a guide rod sleeve; 45. a socket; 451. a key hole; 452. a spring piece; 453. a positioning pin; 5. an external drill cylinder; 51. a plugging notch; 52. a thread sleeve; 53. an outer cylinder notch; 54. rotary cutting saw teeth; 6. a drill cylinder is arranged in the drill pipe; 61. a plug key; 611. a pin hole; 62. an inner barrel gap; 7. a pressure relief adjustment assembly; 71. a passive rack; 711. a guide rod; 712. a bridging plate; 72. and adjusting the screw.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, the following description will be given in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4, a layered sampling device for detecting undisturbed soil of a hillside field comprises a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 comprises a top plate 13 and a base 11 which are vertically distributed, two cylindrical guide posts 12 are vertically welded between the top plate 13 and the base 11, when sampling is carried out, the base 11 can be directly placed on the ground, the main body of the base 11 is disc-shaped, a groove is formed in the bottom end of the base 11, four ground inserting pins 112 are uniformly distributed and hinged in the inner circumference of the groove for facilitating stable sampling, the front ends of the ground inserting pins 112 are pointed, when the device is not used, the ground inserting pins 112 can be hidden in the groove, and when sampling is carried out, the ground inserting pins 112 can be rotated to a vertical state and can be inserted into a soil layer, so that the sampling device can be stably placed on the soil surface.
As shown in fig. 1,2, 3 and 4, a drilling propulsion mechanism 2 which moves towards soil layer drilling is arranged on the frame 1; the drilling propulsion mechanism 2 comprises a travel frame 23 vertically and slidably arranged on the frame 1, a first motor 21 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the top end of the top plate 13 through bolts, a screw rod 22 is vertically and rotatably arranged between the top plate 13 and the base 11 through bearings, and the top end of the screw rod 22 is fixed on an output shaft of the first motor 21; the stroke frame 23 comprises a stroke plate 231 and a rotation support plate 232 which are vertically distributed, two sleeves 233 are vertically welded between the stroke plate 231 and the rotation support plate 232, the two sleeves 233 are correspondingly and slidably arranged on the two guide posts 12 one by one, and the stroke plate 231 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 22.
As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the rotary support plate 232 is provided with four drill pipe assemblies 3, and in this embodiment, the four drill pipe assemblies 3 are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the disc center of the base 11; the drilling cylinder assembly 3 comprises a rotary cylinder 4 which vertically penetrates through and is rotatably arranged on a rotary supporting plate 232, the rotary cylinder 4 is of an up-down penetrating structure, a built-in bearing 43 is welded in the rotary cylinder 4, and a plug-in seat 45 is coaxially rotatably arranged in the rotary cylinder 4 through the built-in bearing 43; the bottom end of the rotary drum 4 is detachably connected with an external drilling cylinder 5, the bottom end of the plug seat 45 is detachably connected with an internal drilling cylinder 6, two ends of the external drilling cylinder 5 are opened, the external drilling cylinder 5 is sleeved on the internal drilling cylinder 6, the outer wall of the internal drilling cylinder 6 is attached to the inner wall of the external drilling cylinder 5, the bottom end of the internal drilling cylinder 6 is positioned in the external drilling cylinder 5, and rotary cutting saw teeth 54 are arranged at the bottom end of the external drilling cylinder 5; the stroke frame 23 is provided with a screwing driving assembly 24 for driving the four drums 4 to synchronously rotate, the screwing driving assembly 24 comprises a second motor 241 which is fixed at the top end of the stroke plate 231 through bolts, a driving shaft 242 is vertically and rotatably arranged between the stroke plate 231 and the rotation supporting plate 232 through bearings, the driving shaft 242 is positioned at the circumference distribution center of the four drilling drum assemblies 3, a central gear 243 is fixed on the driving shaft 242, and a driven gear ring 41 meshed with the central gear 243 is fixed on the drums 4.
As shown in fig. 2, 5, 6, 7,8 and 9, two plug pins 42 are circumferentially distributed at the bottom end of the rotary drum 4, two plug gaps 51 which are in plug fit with the two plug pins 42 are formed at the top end of the external drill drum 5, a thread bush 52 is sleeved at the top end of the external drill drum 5, external threads which are matched with the thread bush 52 are arranged on the outer side wall, close to the bottom end, of the rotary drum 4, and the thread bush 52 is installed on the external threads of the rotary drum 4 in a screwing fit manner; when the external drilling cylinder 5 and the rotary cylinder 4 are in butt joint and installation, the plug pins 42 are aligned with the plug gaps 51, then the rotary cylinder 4 is held and fixed, the screw sleeve 52 is screwed in a rotating mode, the external drilling cylinder 5 is in butt joint with the bottom end of the rotary cylinder 4, the top end face of the external drilling cylinder 5 is in close contact with the bottom end face of the rotary cylinder 4, and when the external drilling cylinder 5 needs to be disassembled, only the screw sleeve 52 needs to be rotated reversely, so that the external drilling cylinder 5 can be disassembled quickly. Three outer barrel notches 53 are distributed on the outer drill barrel 5 along the axial direction, and the outer barrel notches 53 are communicated with the outer drill barrel 5 in the radial direction.
As shown in fig. 2, 5, 6, 7, 10 and 11, the socket 45 is cylindrical, and a key hole 451 with a square section is formed at the bottom end of the socket 45 along the central axis; the built-in drilling cylinder 6 is of a half-and-half splicing structure; the top end of the built-in drill cylinder 6 is welded with a plug key 61 which is in plug fit with the plug key hole 451; the top end of the plug seat 45 is welded with a spring piece 452, the spring piece 452 is provided with two pieces heads which extend downwards in a bending way, the two pieces heads of the spring piece 452 are welded and fixed with positioning pins 453, the two positioning pins 453 are plugged on the plug seat 45 in a sliding way along the radial direction of the rotary drum 4, the positioning pins 453 penetrate through and extend into the plug holes, the plug key 61 is provided with a pin hole 611 which is in plug fit with the two positioning pins 453, and the pin hole 611 is vertically penetrated relative to the splicing surface of the built-in drill barrel 6; three inner cylinder notches 62 which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and matched with the three outer cylinder notches 53 are arranged on the built-in drill cylinder 6 in an axial distribution mode, the inner cylinder notches 62 are arranged in a penetrating mode in the direction perpendicular to the splicing face of the built-in drill cylinder 6, and in the embodiment, the inner cylinder notches 62 and the outer cylinder notches 53 are identical in size and structure. When the built-in drill cylinder 6 and the plug seat 45 are in butt joint and installation, firstly, the two heads of the spring piece 452 are opened to enable the two locating pins 453 to be pulled out of the plug holes, then the plug key 61 of the built-in drill cylinder 6 in a spliced state is completely inserted into the plug holes, finally, the spring piece 452 is loosened to enable the two locating pins 453 to be automatically inserted into the pin holes 611, so that the butt joint and locking between the built-in drill cylinder 6 and the plug seat 45 are completed, when the built-in drill cylinder 45 needs to be disassembled, the locating pins 453 are pulled out firstly, and then the plug key 61 is pulled out of the plug key holes 451, so that the built-in drill cylinder 6 can be quickly disassembled.
In order to improve stability in drilling movement, four guide sleeves 111 which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four drill barrel assemblies 3 are fixed on the base 11, and when the external drill barrel 5 passes through the guide sleeve 111 at the corresponding position, the outer wall of the external drill barrel 5 is in contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve 111. In addition, in the process of the assembly and disassembly operations of the internal drill pipe 6 and the external drill pipe 5, the internal drill pipe 6 is assembled first and then the external drill pipe 5 is assembled, whereas in the process of the disassembly operations, the external drill pipe 5 is disassembled first and then the internal drill pipe 6 is disassembled.
The top end of the rotary drum 4 is provided with a pressure relief adjusting component 7 for driving the plug-in seat 45 to rotate; the pressure release adjusting component 7 comprises a passive frame 71, two guide rod sleeves 44 are integrally formed and processed at the top end of the rotary drum 4, the passive frame 71 comprises two guide rods 711 which are vertically and slidably inserted in the two guide rod sleeves 44 in one-to-one correspondence, and a bridging plate 712 which is horizontally welded between the top ends of the two guide rods 711, an adjusting screw 72 is connected to the bridging plate 712 in a threaded fit manner, and the adjusting screw 72 is vertically welded at the top end of the inserting seat 45. When the adjusting screw 72 is rotated, the adjusting screw 72 drives the inserting seat 45 to rotate, so that the built-in drill pipe 6 synchronously rotates along with the inserting seat 45, the inner pipe notch 62 and the outer pipe notch 53 at the opposite position continuously change between the completely dislocated state and the completely overlapped state, and the passive frame 71 plays a role in locking the rotating position of the built-in drum 4, that is, the dislocated relation between the inner pipe notch 62 and the outer pipe notch 53 can be kept unchanged after adjustment.
In the sampling device provided by the invention, four drilling barrel assemblies 3, namely four sample drilling stations, can simultaneously obtain four samples in a single drilling sampling process, and can be used for reference and comparison, so that the randomness of the single sampling sample is avoided, and when the quality of the sampling sample is poor or destroyed, a plurality of backup samples are provided, and repeated sampling for a plurality of times is avoided.
In the drill cylinder assembly 3, a double-layer drill cylinder structure formed by sleeving and combining the inner part of the built-in drill cylinder 6 and the outer part of the built-out drill cylinder 5 replaces the existing drill cylinder structure, when in actual drilling and sampling, the built-out drill cylinder 5 is used as a main drill cylinder for performing drilling and sampling, the built-in drill cylinder 6 is used as a space container for accommodating soil samples, and the built-out drill cylinder 5 compensates for the defect of the structural strength of the built-in drill cylinder 6 in a half-and-half structure; the three outer cylinder notches 53 are uniformly distributed in the axial direction of the external drilling cylinder 5, the three inner cylinder notches 62 are correspondingly matched with the external drilling cylinder 5 in the axial direction of the internal drilling cylinder 6, on one hand, the outer cylinder notches 53 and the inner cylinder notches 62 are axially combined to form three groups of uniformly distributed pressure release windows, so that pressure can be released uniformly in the axial direction of the drilling cylinder assembly 3, the pressure state in the drilling cylinder can be judged according to the humidity and hardness state of the soil of the detected sloping field before actual sampling, the pressure state in the drilling sampling process can be judged according to long-term sampling experience, and then the pressure release adjusting assembly 7 is used for rotary adjustment so as to change the opening size of the hydraulic window, so that a better sampling sample can be obtained under proper sampling pressure, and real-time adjustment can be performed in the drilling sampling process; on the other hand, the outer barrel notch 53 and the inner barrel notch 62 are axially combined to form three groups of uniformly distributed layered sampling windows, after drilling sampling is completed, the windows are completely opened through the pressure release adjusting component 7, if layered sampling is only needed, sampling samples can be obtained by intercepting at the three layered sampling windows, in addition, the built-in drilling barrel 6 and the external drilling barrel 5 are of quick-dismantling structures, and the built-in drilling barrel 6 is of a half-and-half splicing structure, so that when the complete sampling samples are required to be obtained, the external drilling barrel 5 and the built-in drilling barrel 6 can be sequentially disassembled, the built-in drilling barrel 6 is half-and-half opened, the complete sampling samples can be quickly obtained, the disassembling and obtaining process is convenient and quick, the problems that the existing one-end pushing mode is adopted in the traditional long drilling barrel sample withdrawing process, the sample is easy to extrude and damage the sample are solved, and the quality and the integrity of the sampling samples can be ensured.
When in formal sampling, the sampling device is vertically placed on the ground, the earth-inserting pin 112 is inserted into the soil layer to ensure stable placement, then the motor 21 and the motor 241 are synchronously started, the motor 21 drives the screw rod 22 to rotate, the screw rod 22 drives the stroke frame 23 to descend along the two guide posts 12 at a uniform speed and drives the four drilling cylinder assemblies 3 to synchronously descend, the motor 241 drives the driving shaft 242 to rotate, the central gear 243 synchronously drives the four driven gear rings 41, so that the four drilling cylinder assemblies 3 synchronously rotate, the external drilling cylinder 5 carries out rotary cutting drilling on the soil layer through the rotary cutting saw teeth 54 while the drilling cylinder assemblies 3 descend to drill, a soil layer sample obtained by drilling enters the built-in drilling cylinder 6, the drilling is stopped after the drilling is carried out to a preset depth, the drilling cylinder assemblies 3 are driven to ascend through the drilling propulsion mechanism 2, and then the drilling cylinder assemblies 3 carry the drilled sample out of the soil layer; finally, the sampled sample can be taken out in layers or completely according to the requirement.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, wherein devices and structures not described in detail are to be understood as being implemented in a manner common in the art; any person skilled in the art will make many possible variations and modifications, or adaptations to equivalent embodiments without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, which do not affect the essential content of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a sloping field undisturbed soil detects with layering sampling device which characterized in that: the soil layer drilling and advancing device comprises a frame (1), wherein a drilling and advancing mechanism (2) which moves towards soil layer drilling is assembled on the frame (1); the drilling propulsion mechanism (2) comprises a travel frame (23) vertically and slidably installed on the frame (1), a plurality of drilling barrel assemblies (3) are vertically and rotatably installed on the travel frame (23), and a precession driving assembly (24) for driving the drilling barrel assemblies (3) to synchronously rotate is assembled on the travel frame (23);
The drilling barrel assembly (3) comprises a rotary barrel (4) rotatably mounted on a travel frame (23), and a plug seat (45) is coaxially arranged in the rotary barrel (4); an external drilling barrel (5) is detachably connected and installed at the bottom end of the rotary barrel (4), an internal drilling barrel (6) is detachably connected and installed at the bottom end of the inserting seat (45), two ends of the external drilling barrel (5) are opened, and the external drilling barrel (5) is sleeved on the internal drilling barrel (6);
A plurality of outer barrel notches (53) are formed in the outer drill barrel (5) in an axial distribution mode, and the outer barrel notches (53) are communicated with the outer drill barrel (5) in the radial direction; a plurality of inner cylinder notches (62) which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and matched with the plurality of outer cylinder notches (53) are arranged on the inner drill cylinder (6) along the axial direction, the inner drill cylinder (6) is of a half-and-half splicing structure, and the inner cylinder notches (62) are communicated in the direction perpendicular to the splicing surface of the inner drill cylinder (6);
The top end of the rotary drum (4) is provided with a pressure relief adjusting component (7) for driving the plug seat (45) to rotate; when the pressure relief adjusting component (7) drives the plug seat (45) to rotate, the built-in drill cylinder (6) synchronously rotates along with the plug seat (45), and the inner cylinder notch (62) and the outer cylinder notch (53) at the opposite position continuously change between a complete dislocation state and a complete superposition state.
2. The layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside field according to claim 1, wherein the layered acquisition and sampling device is characterized in that: the outer wall of the internal drilling cylinder (6) is attached to the inner wall of the external drilling cylinder (5), and the bottom end of the internal drilling cylinder (6) is positioned in the external drilling cylinder (5).
3. The layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside field according to claim 1, wherein the layered acquisition and sampling device is characterized in that: the top of the external drilling cylinder (5) is in plug-in fit with the bottom of the rotary cylinder (4), a threaded sleeve (52) is rotatably sleeved at the top of the external drilling cylinder (5), and the threaded sleeve (52) is installed on the side wall, close to the bottom, of the rotary cylinder (4) in a screwing fit manner.
4. The layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside field according to claim 1, wherein the layered acquisition and sampling device is characterized in that: a key hole (451) is formed in the bottom end of the plug seat (45), and a plug key (61) which is in plug fit with the key hole (451) is arranged at the top end of the built-in drill cylinder (6); the utility model discloses a drilling machine, including grafting seat (45), spring leaf (452) are connected with two locating pins (453), two locating pins (453) are radially relative slip grafting along rotary drum (4) on grafting seat (45), just locating pins (453) link up and stretch into in the spliced eye, set up on grafting key (61) with two locating pins (453) grafting complex pinhole (611), just pinhole (611) link up perpendicularly setting relatively built-in drilling drum (6) splice face.
5. A layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting undisturbed soil of a hillside field according to claim 3, wherein: a plurality of plug pins (42) are circumferentially distributed at the bottom end of the rotary drum (4), and a plurality of plug gaps (51) which are in one-to-one corresponding plug fit with the plug pins (42) are circumferentially distributed at the top end of the external drill drum (5).
6. The layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside field according to claim 1, wherein the layered acquisition and sampling device is characterized in that: the pressure release adjusting component (7) comprises a driven frame (71) which is vertically arranged at the top end of the rotary drum (4) in a sliding fit mode, an adjusting screw (72) is connected to the driven frame (71) in a threaded fit mode, and the adjusting screw (72) is vertically fixed at the top end of the plug-in seat (45).
7. The layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside field according to claim 1, wherein the layered acquisition and sampling device is characterized in that: the drill cylinder assemblies (3) are circumferentially distributed; the precession driving assembly (24) comprises a driving shaft (242) which is vertically and rotatably arranged on the stroke frame (23), the driving shaft (242) is positioned at the circumference distribution center of the plurality of drilling barrel assemblies (3), a central gear (243) is fixed on the driving shaft (242), and a driven gear ring (41) meshed with the central gear (243) is fixed on the rotary barrel (4).
8. The layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside field according to claim 1, wherein the layered acquisition and sampling device is characterized in that: the frame (1) comprises a base (11), a plurality of guide sleeves (111) which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the drill barrel assemblies (3) are fixed on the base (11), and when the external drill barrel (5) passes through the guide sleeves (111) at the corresponding positions, the outer wall of the external drill barrel (5) is in contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve (111).
9. The layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside field according to claim 8, wherein: the bottom end of the base (11) is hinged with a plurality of earth inserting pins (112) for being inserted into a soil layer.
10. The layered acquisition and sampling device for detecting the undisturbed soil of a hillside field according to claim 1, wherein the layered acquisition and sampling device is characterized in that: the bottom end of the external drill cylinder (5) is provided with rotary cutting saw teeth (54).
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| CN118706515A (en) * | 2024-08-27 | 2024-09-27 | 中铁五局集团第一工程有限责任公司 | Method and device for assisting in detecting underwater concrete sampling |
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| CN118706515A (en) * | 2024-08-27 | 2024-09-27 | 中铁五局集团第一工程有限责任公司 | Method and device for assisting in detecting underwater concrete sampling |
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