CN117969356B - Detection method and detection device for average grain size of titanium alloy - Google Patents
Detection method and detection device for average grain size of titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN117969356B CN117969356B CN202410383693.0A CN202410383693A CN117969356B CN 117969356 B CN117969356 B CN 117969356B CN 202410383693 A CN202410383693 A CN 202410383693A CN 117969356 B CN117969356 B CN 117969356B
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of grain size detection, in particular to a detection method and a detection device for the average grain size of a titanium alloy, wherein the detection method comprises the following steps: cutting materials for detection from raw materials, polishing, removing impurities, quenching, cooling, cutting, grinding, microscopic photographing and calculating and analyzing; the detection device suitable for the detection method comprises fixed-length slitting equipment, polishing equipment, quenching equipment, metallographic microscopic shooting equipment and a shading component. The method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy is shown by clear and definite steps, is convenient for operators to operate in the installation steps, can be used for preparing a plurality of materials for detection at a time, effectively improves the quantity and the types of data acquisition, can be used for acquiring data under different specifications, can be used for respectively calculating the average grain size of the titanium alloy with various specifications, can be used for comparing calculation results with different specifications, removes data of the titanium alloy sheet with errors, and improves the accuracy of the calculation results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grain size detection, in particular to a detection method and a detection device for the average grain size of titanium alloy.
Background
In the existing detection method of the grain size, the accuracy of the intercept method and the area method is higher. The conventional operation of the two methods is that manual measurement and calculation are adopted. This conventional operation is time consuming and difficult to apply to mass production. The comparison method is the most widely applied method at present, and has high detection efficiency, but the standard atlas has a spacing of 0.5 level due to the limited number of standard atlas pictures, and has poor detection precision; meanwhile, the comparison method is based on the comparison of human eyes and a standard spectrum, and the standard spectrum has larger difference from a metallographic structure which is actually detected, so that the comparison method has large influence on the detection of inspectors and tissue types and large detection fluctuation.
The prior method for identifying the grain size of a material and the steel grain size detection method of the Chinese patent publication No. CN111680696B comprise the steps of cutting a material picture to be identified into a plurality of new pictures, and comparing each new picture with a standard material picture to obtain the grain size grade Gi of each new picture; and then calculating the grain size level G of the material picture to be identified according to a formula. Every two adjacent new pictures are overlapped in the length direction and the width direction during cutting; the plurality of new pictures cover the whole content of the material pictures to be identified; each new picture and the material picture to be identified are equal in proportion. According to the method, the area method is adopted for calculating the identified data, so that the accuracy of a final detection result is effectively ensured, the error is greatly reduced compared with the traditional comparison method, the accuracy is improved, and the problem that the grading deviation is large when the traditional comparison method is adopted for uneven steel organization in the prior art is solved.
However, in the above technical solution, the comparison cannot be effectively performed, but in order to ensure the accuracy of the existing data, the comparison needs to be repeated continuously to obtain more accurate data, and the accuracy of the results cannot be ensured by multiple groups of values obtained by a single test, so that improvement is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a detection method and a detection device for the average grain size of a titanium alloy.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
S1, cutting materials for detection from raw materials: selecting a titanium alloy material meeting the detection specification, detecting the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy material by corresponding technical means to determine that the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy material are not damaged, and cutting the raw material by a worker through cutting equipment after the clear material is qualified to cut a plurality of titanium alloy sheets for detection;
s2, polishing and impurity removal: polishing the cutting surface of the titanium alloy sheet by polishing equipment to enable the cutting surface of the titanium alloy sheet to be flat and smooth;
S3, quenching and cooling: quenching the polished titanium alloy sheet to heat the titanium alloy sheet to an austenitizing temperature, and introducing inert gas for cooling to quickly cool the titanium alloy sheet after the titanium alloy sheet is heated;
S4, slitting and grinding: cutting the cooled titanium alloy sheet to a fixed length, grinding and polishing the cut surface through grinding equipment, cleaning the ground titanium alloy sheet, eroding the titanium alloy sheet through an erosion agent, and cleaning and drying the titanium alloy sheet;
S5, microscopic shooting: a shielding sheet for shielding light is attached to a titanium alloy sheet, metallographic microscopic shooting is carried out, corrosion effects and grain size morphology of grain size samples are observed through shot images, openings of different specifications are formed in the shielding sheet, a plurality of openings of each specification are formed, area sharing is carried out on the titanium alloy sheet according to the number of the specifications, and each opening of each specification occupies one area;
s6, calculating and analyzing: through setting up of separation blade for shading, can realize collecting in groups, can acquire the classification through setting up of a plurality of titanium alloy pieces simultaneously and acquire multiunit data, calculate the average value of different category data through different category data, compare in converting the data of different analogy into same unit data, when the error is great, restart S5 step, when the error is less, take the average value of different category data as the average grain size of titanium alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy is shown by clear and definite steps, is convenient for operators to operate in the installation step, can prepare a plurality of materials for detection at a time, effectively improves the quantity and the category of data acquisition, clearly records the classification condition of the data, realizes the later calculation and the comparison of the data on the single titanium alloy, has the possibility of larger errors due to the defects of misoperation or selected materials during the actual preparation, and can rapidly select the single titanium alloy sheet with the errors by adopting the scheme of a shading component without adopting the data of the single titanium alloy sheet as the data for solving the average grain size, thereby ensuring the data quality and improving the quality of detection results.
Preferably, the technical means for detecting the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy in the step S1 is a water immersion type ultrasonic detection scheme.
Furthermore, when ultrasonic waves propagate in the material, if defects or interfaces are encountered, the ultrasonic waves can reflect, refract or scatter, the position, the size and the shape of the defects or the interfaces can be determined by detecting the time and the energy of echo, whether the material is qualified or not can be accurately detected, and the defect on the material is prevented from influencing the subsequent detection operation.
Preferably, the etching agent comprises hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and deionized water, and the inert gas is any one of helium, neon, argon and krypton.
Furthermore, the effect of the corrosive agent is beneficial to the full corrosion of the grain size sample on the titanium alloy, the effective visualization is realized, and the cooling operation is carried out by the inert gas, so that the reaction of the gas when the metal is overheated can be avoided, and the influence on the subsequent detection operation is avoided.
Preferably, the corrosion operation is to soak the titanium alloy sheet in the corrosive agent for 40-60S, the cleaning and drying of the titanium alloy sheet means to rinse the titanium alloy sheet from the corrosive agent, then rinse the titanium alloy sheet under flowing clean water for 60S, and after the titanium alloy sheet is rinsed, then put the titanium alloy sheet in a dryer for drying operation.
Furthermore, by the above operation mode, the staff can know how to perform the erosion operation, and meanwhile, the staff needs to pay attention to safety sufficiently in the operation process so as to avoid damage.
Preferably, the quenching operation is oil quenching after the titanium alloy sheet is subjected to heat preservation for 30-60min at 1110-1130 ℃, low-temperature tempering is carried out after the oil quenching is finished, the tempering temperature of the low-temperature tempering is 140-160 ℃, and inert gas air cooling is carried out in a furnace after the tempering heat preservation is carried out for 50-70 min.
Further, the quenching scheme is convenient for workers to know, so that quenching operation can be performed according to the scheme, quenching effect is improved, austenitizing effect is better guaranteed, and meanwhile, reaction of gas during metal overheating can be avoided through inert gas, and subsequent detection operation is prevented from being influenced.
Preferably, the quenching operation is performed by using quenching equipment; and the metallographic microscopic photographing is selected from metallographic microscopic photographing equipment.
Furthermore, the corresponding equipment components are convenient for the staff to select.
Preferably, the display magnification of the metallographic microscopic photographing device is 400X.
Further, the shooting effect can be effectively improved, and the quality of the shooting surface is guaranteed.
The invention also provides a detection device for the average grain size of the titanium alloy, which is suitable for the detection method for the average grain size of the titanium alloy, and comprises fixed-length slitting equipment, polishing equipment and a shading component, wherein the fixed-length slitting equipment comprises a frame component, an interference limiting component, an automatic ranging component, an automatic reciprocating component, a cutting power component, a saw body component, a saw blade component, a first clamping component and a second clamping component, the first clamping component is arranged on one side of the frame component, the second clamping component is arranged on one side, close to the first clamping component, of the frame component, the automatic reciprocating component is arranged on one side wall of the frame component, the automatic reciprocating component is positioned between the first clamping component and the second clamping component, the cutting power component is arranged on the automatic reciprocating component, the saw body component is arranged on the cutting power component, two ends of the saw blade component are respectively and detachably connected to two ends of the saw body component, the interference limiting component is arranged on one side, far away from the first clamping component, of the frame component, the interference limiting component, the second clamping component and the automatic ranging component are coaxially arranged on one side, and the automatic ranging component are arranged on one side, and the automatic ranging component is flush with the automatic limiting component.
Compared with the prior art, the cutting equipment used in the application is described to show that the cutting equipment has fixed-length cutting operation, so that raw materials can be cut under different conditions in different steps, namely, the titanium alloy sheet with longer length is firstly cut and is treated so as to be convenient for quenching and heating, and the quenched titanium alloy sheet can be cut so as to be convenient for subsequent erosion and visualization operation.
Preferably, the light shielding component comprises a light shielding baffle, a plurality of first openings and a plurality of second openings, and the first openings and the second openings are all arranged on the light shielding baffle.
Furthermore, the structure and the characteristics of the baffle for shading are shown so as to clearly record the classification condition of data, so that the later calculation and the comparison of the data on the single titanium alloy are realized, and the data acquired on the single titanium alloy sheet can be subjected to larger errors due to misoperation or the defects of the selected materials during actual preparation, and the single titanium alloy sheet with the errors can be rapidly selected by adopting the scheme of the shading component without adopting the data as the data for calculating the average grain size, so that the data quality is ensured, and the quality of a detection result is improved.
Preferably, the polishing equipment includes polishing frame, spacing subassembly, two splint pieces, polishing belt subassembly, grinding and polishing subassembly, linkage power component, mounting bracket and regulation power component, spacing subassembly is installed in the polishing frame, and two splint pieces are installed respectively at spacing subassembly's both ends, and two splint pieces are located polishing frame's upper end, adjust power component and install one side at the polishing frame, install the mounting bracket on the regulation power component, grinding and polishing subassembly and polishing belt subassembly from left to right install the lower extreme at the mounting bracket in proper order, the upper end at the mounting bracket is installed to the linkage power component, linkage power component is connected with grinding and polishing subassembly and polishing belt subassembly transmission.
Furthermore, the application can realize automatic operation, and is divided into two operation parts of polishing and grinding and polishing, so that a worker can perform different functions on the titanium alloy sheet according to different conditions, and the polishing can be applied to the titanium alloy sheet to be quenched, thereby facilitating subsequent erosion visualization operation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. According to the application, the detection steps of the average grain size of the titanium alloy are clearly described, so that a worker can conveniently operate according to the steps according to the indicated technical steps, meanwhile, equipment used in the method is indicated, so that the worker can conveniently know the functions of the equipment required in the detection scheme, the operation of the equipment is fully ensured to meet the step expectation, the accuracy of the detection result can be fully ensured, and meanwhile, in the single detection operation process, multiple groups of data under different specifications can be acquired according to the need, so that the data comparison is conveniently carried out, and the accuracy of detection is better ensured;
2. The fixed-length cutting device can realize fixed-length cutting according to the needs, can realize preliminary operation, can realize subsequent cutting operation, can improve the quantity of acquired data when acquiring, and can ensure the accuracy of detection results by acquiring a large amount of data;
3. The grinding and polishing components are arranged in the grinding equipment, so that the corresponding titanium alloy sheet can be ground or polished as required, surface impurities can be effectively removed, quenching operation can be better performed, the influence of rust marks on quenching effect is avoided, meanwhile, cooling operation is performed through inert gas, reaction of gas when metal is overheated can be avoided, the influence on subsequent detection operation is avoided, and meanwhile, the subsequent better erosion visualization operation is facilitated through grinding and polishing;
4. The method is characterized in that equipment required by quenching operation and metallographic microscopic shooting is indicated, meanwhile, the structure and characteristics of a shielding baffle used for metallographic microscopic shooting are indicated, openings with different specifications are formed in the shielding baffle, a plurality of openings with each specification are formed in the shielding baffle, area equipartition is carried out on a titanium alloy sheet according to the number of the specifications, the opening with each specification occupies an area so as to clearly record the classification condition of data, and therefore, the data on a single titanium alloy sheet can be compared with the data on a later calculation, and in the actual preparation process, the possibility that larger errors exist in the data acquired on the single titanium alloy sheet due to misoperation or the defects of the selected material exists, the single titanium alloy sheet with the errors can be rapidly selected through adopting the scheme of a shielding assembly, and the data of the single titanium alloy sheet with the errors is not adopted as the data for obtaining average grain size, so that the data quality is ensured, and the quality of detection results is improved;
5. In the application, the shading component is provided with the plurality of first openings and the plurality of second openings, and the specifications of the first openings and the second openings are different, so that workers can conveniently classify and measure data, meanwhile, the data in the first openings can be calculated to obtain the average grain size of the titanium alloy, and the data in the second openings can be calculated to obtain the average grain size of the titanium alloy; the data obtained by the second opening and the first opening can be converted into the same data for comparison, the data difference is known, and shooting metering is performed again when the data difference is large.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a step diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the fixed length slitting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the sanding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the quenching apparatus of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a metallographic microscope photographing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a shade assembly of the present invention;
In the figure: 1 fixed length cutting equipment, 101 frame components, 102 conflict spacing components, 103 automatic ranging components, 104 automatic reciprocating components, 105 cutting power components, 106 saw body components, 107 saw blade components, 108 first clamping components, 109 second clamping components, 2 polishing equipment, 201 polishing frames, 202 spacing components, 203 clamping plates, 204 polishing belt components, 205 polishing components, 206 linkage power components, 207 installation racks, 208 adjustment power components, 3 quenching equipment, 4 metallographic microscopic photographing equipment, 5 shading components, 501 first openings, 502 second openings and 503 shading baffle plates.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a method for detecting the average grain size of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
S1, cutting materials for detection from raw materials: selecting a titanium alloy material meeting the detection specification, detecting the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy by a corresponding technical means, wherein the technical means for detecting the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy is a water immersion type ultrasonic detection scheme so as to determine that the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy material are not damaged, when the clear material is qualified, a worker can cut the raw material by cutting equipment to obtain a plurality of titanium alloy sheets for detection, the larger titanium alloy sheets are cut at the time, during the cutting, the two times of cutting are performed, the end face is firstly removed, and the rapid quenching cooling operation can be realized after the fixed-length cutting is realized;
S2, polishing and impurity removal: polishing the cutting surface of the titanium alloy sheet by polishing equipment to enable the cutting surface of the titanium alloy sheet to be flat and smooth, polishing the cutting surface, and fully ensuring the flatness of the polishing surface;
S3, quenching and cooling: quenching the polished titanium alloy sheet, wherein the quenching operation is to carry out oil quenching after the titanium alloy sheet is subjected to heat preservation for 30-60min at 1110-1130 ℃, low-temperature tempering is carried out after oil quenching, the tempering temperature of the low-temperature tempering is 140-160 ℃, inert gas in a furnace is subjected to air cooling after the tempering heat preservation is carried out for 50-70 min, the titanium alloy sheet is heated to austenitizing temperature, and after the heating is finished, inert gas for cooling is introduced to enable the titanium alloy sheet to be rapidly cooled, wherein the inert gas adopts any one of helium, neon, argon and krypton, so that the inert gas can avoid reacting with materials, the materials can be cooled conveniently, and the materials are prevented from being influenced;
S4, slitting and grinding: cutting the cooled titanium alloy sheet to a fixed length, namely cutting the longer titanium alloy sheet into a plurality of equal length thin titanium alloy sheets, grinding and polishing the cut surfaces through grinding equipment, wherein the grinding and polishing operation is to press the titanium alloy sheet into the cut surfaces of the titanium alloy sheet through a grinding and polishing assembly 205, and sequentially replace polishing solutions of 0.5 mu m and 0.25 mu m to polish the cut surfaces of the titanium alloy sheet, polishing the cut surfaces of the titanium alloy sheet through the polishing solution of 0.5 mu m, cleaning after finishing grinding, polishing the cut surfaces of the titanium alloy sheet through the polishing solution of 0.25 mu m, cleaning the ground titanium alloy sheet, ensuring the smoothness and flatness of the surface, corroding the titanium alloy sheet through an etching agent, wherein the corroding operation is to soak the titanium alloy sheet into the etching agent for 40-60S, the etching agent comprises hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and deionized water, cleaning and drying the titanium alloy sheet, namely cleaning and drying the titanium alloy sheet after the etching agent, placing the titanium alloy sheet under flowing for 60S, drying the titanium alloy sheet in a dryer, and simultaneously cleaning the titanium alloy sheet, and observing obvious trace on the cut surfaces of the titanium alloy sheet after finishing the cleaning operation;
S5, microscopic shooting: a shielding sheet for shielding light is attached to a titanium alloy sheet, metallographic microscopic shooting is carried out, corrosion effects and grain size morphology of grain size samples are observed through shot images, a plurality of openings with different specifications are formed in the shielding sheet, the area of each area is uniformly divided according to the number of the specifications on the titanium alloy sheet, the opening with each specification occupies one area, and the number of the opening with each specification is kept consistent during actual production and preparation;
S6, calculating and analyzing: through setting up of separation blade for shading, can realize collecting in groups, can acquire the classification through setting up of a plurality of titanium alloy pieces simultaneously and acquire multiunit data, calculate the average value of different category data through different category data, in converting the data of different analogy into same unit data and contrast, for example, when opening the viewing port, can open 1CM 2 and 1MM 2 two kinds, when calculating, the result is that there are a plurality of crystal grains per square centimeter and how many crystal grains per square millimeter exist, can convert how many crystal grains per square millimeter to have a plurality of crystal grains per square centimeter, in order to realize the visual comparison of two kinds of data, when the error is great, restart S5, when the error is less, take the average value of different category data as titanium alloy average grain size, the testing result of the average grain size of the titanium alloy of each viewing port in the last step is converted into same unit and is compared, and set up the deviation value range according to actual conditions, when the deviation value is great, restart S5, when the deviation value is less, the average grain size of the titanium alloy material is taken.
Referring to fig. 2, the invention further provides a device for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy, which is suitable for the method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy, the cutting device adopts fixed-length slitting equipment 1, the fixed-length slitting equipment 1 comprises a frame component 101, a collision limiting component 102, an automatic ranging component 103, an automatic reciprocating component 104, a cutting power component 105, a saw body component 106, a saw blade component 107, a first clamping component 108 and a second clamping component 109, the first clamping component 108 is arranged on one side of the frame component 101, the second clamping component 109 is arranged on one side, close to the first clamping component 108, of the frame component 101, titanium alloy materials with different specifications can be clamped through the actions of the first clamping component 108 and the second clamping component 109, the stability of the titanium alloy materials is ensured, the situation that the cutting effect is poor due to the loosening of the materials when the titanium alloy materials are cut is avoided, the automatic reciprocating assembly 104 is arranged on the side wall of one end in the frame assembly 101, the automatic reciprocating assembly 104 is positioned between the first clamping assembly 108 and the second clamping assembly 109, the cutting power assembly 105 is arranged on the automatic reciprocating assembly 104, the saw body assembly 106 is arranged on the cutting power assembly 105, two ends of the saw blade assembly 107 are respectively and detachably connected with two ends of the saw body assembly 106, the interference limiting assembly 102 is arranged on one side of the frame assembly 101 far away from the first clamping assembly 108, the central lines of the interference limiting assembly 102, the second clamping assembly 109 and the first clamping assembly 108 are coaxially arranged, the automatic ranging assembly 103 is arranged on one side of the interference limiting assembly 102, the automatic ranging assembly 103 and the saw blade assembly 107 are positioned on the same side, the detection end of the automatic ranging assembly 103 and the interference end of the interference limiting assembly 102 are flush, and during cutting, the staff can make the spacing subassembly 102 of conflict remove and conflict one end of titanium alloy material, the distance between automatic ranging module 103 can measure and the saw bit subassembly 107 simultaneously, can accurately confirm the cutting length, can promote cutting power component 105 and saw body subassembly 106 through automatic reciprocating subassembly 104 and remove, can control saw body subassembly 106 and vibrate through cutting power component 105, can make saw body subassembly 106 drive saw bit subassembly 107 and reciprocate the vibration from top to bottom, can cut the titanium alloy material, can cut longer titanium alloy material and carry out quenching operation to it as required, after quenching operation finishes, can carry out isometric cutting again, cut and be a plurality of thinner titanium alloy pieces, the operation of follow-up step is convenient for.
Referring to fig. 3, the polishing apparatus adopts a polishing apparatus 2, the polishing apparatus 2 comprises a polishing frame 201, a limit component 202, two clamping plates 203, a polishing belt component 204, a polishing component 205, a linkage power component 206, a mounting frame 207 and an adjusting power component 208, wherein the limit component 202 is installed in the polishing frame 201, the two clamping plates 203 are respectively installed at two ends of the limit component 202, the two clamping plates 203 are both positioned at the upper end of the polishing frame 201, the two clamping plates 203 can be controlled to move reversely by the limit component 202, so as to clamp a titanium alloy sheet according to the requirement, and in actual production preparation, a worker can install a laser level meter on the polishing apparatus 2, thereby being helpful for fully ensuring the polishing level of a cutting surface of the titanium alloy sheet, avoiding the grain size detection data misalignment caused by oblique polishing, the adjusting power component 208 is installed at one side of the polishing frame 201, the adjusting power assembly 208 is provided with the mounting frame 207, the grinding and polishing assembly 205 and the polishing belt assembly 204 are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the mounting frame 207 from left to right, the linkage power assembly 206 is arranged at the upper end of the mounting frame 207, the linkage power assembly 206 is in transmission connection with the grinding and polishing assembly 205 and the polishing belt assembly 204, the linkage power assembly 206 can be connected with the grinding and polishing assembly 205 and the polishing belt assembly 204, the stable power transmission is convenient to realize, the polishing belt assembly 204 is provided with a sand paper belt structure, the material can be polished, the impurities on the material are removed, meanwhile, the grinding and polishing assembly 205 is provided with polishing parts, the titanium alloy sheet can be smeared with polishing agent to be matched with the polishing parts for polishing, the cut surface of the titanium alloy sheet is smooth, the subsequent erosion and visualization operation is convenient, the staff can control the adjusting power assembly 208 to operate, the mounting frame 207 can move, so as to control the movement of the polishing belt assembly 204 and the grinding and polishing assembly 205, and to achieve grinding or polishing of the titanium alloy sheet as required.
Referring to fig. 3-6, the quenching operation is to select a quenching device 3, so that the temperature in the quenching device 3 can be effectively controlled, when in use, a titanium alloy sheet can be placed in the quenching device 3, the quenching device 3 can reach austenitizing temperature, and a corresponding cooling gas circulation device can be externally connected, so that after heating is finished, the titanium alloy sheet is cooled by inert gas, the titanium alloy sheet can not react with the inert gas, and the austenitizing effect of the titanium alloy is fully ensured; the metallographic microscopic photographing is selected from metallographic microscopic photographing equipment 4; the display multiple of metallographic microscopic photographing equipment 4 is 400X, when actual production prepares, the staff can set up corresponding display multiple as required, shading subassembly 5 is selected for the baffle for shading, shading subassembly 5 includes baffle 503 for shading, a plurality of first openings 501 and a plurality of second openings 502 all set up on baffle 503 for shading, when carrying out the preparation of shading subassembly 5, need guarantee the regularity at first opening 501 and second opening 502 border, detect the quality of data when observing, and can effectively guarantee that first opening 501 and second opening 502 on the shading subassembly 5 can be comprehensive and clear show under metallographic microscopic photographing equipment 4's effect, be convenient for accurately carry out the observation of grain size and the collection of data in first opening 501 and the second opening 502, in order to use subsequently.
In the present invention, a material for detection is cut from a raw material: selecting a titanium alloy material meeting the detection specification, detecting the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy material by corresponding technical means to determine that the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy material are not damaged, and cutting the raw material by a worker through cutting equipment after the clear material is qualified to cut a plurality of large titanium alloy sheets for detection; polishing the cutting surface of the titanium alloy sheet through polishing equipment to enable the cutting surface of the large titanium alloy sheet to be flat and smooth; quenching the polished large titanium alloy sheet to heat the large titanium alloy sheet to an austenitizing temperature, and introducing inert gas for cooling to quickly cool the large titanium alloy sheet after the large titanium alloy sheet is heated; cutting the cooled large titanium alloy sheet to a fixed length, grinding and polishing the cut surface through grinding equipment, cleaning the ground small titanium alloy sheet, fully eroding the small titanium alloy sheet through an aggressive agent, and cleaning and drying the small titanium alloy sheet; a shielding sheet for shielding light is attached to a small titanium alloy sheet, metallographic microscopic shooting is carried out, and the corrosion effect and the grain size morphology of a grain size sample are observed through a shot image; through setting up of separation blade for shading, can realize collecting in groups, can acquire the classification through the setting up of a plurality of little titanium alloy pieces simultaneously and acquire multiunit data, calculate the average value of different category data through different category data, when comparing the data of different analogy into same unit data, when the error is great, restart shooting measurement step, when the error is less, take the average value of different category data as the average grain size of titanium alloy.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, cutting materials for detection from raw materials: selecting a titanium alloy material meeting the detection specification, detecting the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy material by corresponding technical means to determine that the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy material are not damaged, and cutting the raw material by a worker through cutting equipment after the clear material is qualified to cut a plurality of titanium alloy sheets for detection;
s2, polishing and impurity removal: polishing the cutting surface of the titanium alloy sheet by polishing equipment to enable the cutting surface of the titanium alloy sheet to be flat and smooth;
S3, quenching and cooling: quenching the polished titanium alloy sheet to heat the titanium alloy sheet to an austenitizing temperature, and introducing inert gas for cooling to quickly cool the titanium alloy sheet after the titanium alloy sheet is heated;
S4, slitting and grinding: cutting the cooled titanium alloy sheet to a fixed length, grinding and polishing the cut surface through grinding equipment, cleaning the ground titanium alloy sheet, eroding the titanium alloy sheet through an erosion agent, and cleaning and drying the titanium alloy sheet;
S5, microscopic shooting: a shielding sheet for shielding light is attached to a titanium alloy sheet, metallographic microscopic shooting is carried out, corrosion effects and grain size morphology of grain size samples are observed through shot images, openings of different specifications are formed in the shielding sheet, a plurality of openings of each specification are formed, area sharing is carried out on the titanium alloy sheet according to the number of the specifications, and each opening of each specification occupies one area;
S6, calculating and analyzing: the method comprises the steps of (1) realizing grouping collection through the arrangement of the shielding sheets, acquiring multiple groups of data through the arrangement of the titanium alloy sheets, calculating the average value of different types of data through the different types of data, converting the data of different analogy into the same unit data for comparison, restarting the step S5 when the error is larger, and taking the average value of the different types of data as the average grain size of the titanium alloy when the error is smaller;
the detection device suitable for the method is characterized in that: including fixed length cutting equipment (1), equipment of polishing (2) and shading subassembly (5), fixed length cutting equipment (1) includes frame subassembly (101), conflict spacing subassembly (102), automatic range finding subassembly (103), automatic reciprocal subassembly (104), cutting power subassembly (105), saw body subassembly (106), saw bit subassembly (107), first clamping subassembly (108) and second clamping subassembly (109), one side at frame subassembly (101) is installed in first clamping subassembly (108), one side close to first clamping subassembly (108) in frame subassembly (101) is installed in second clamping subassembly (109), one side wall in frame subassembly (101) is installed in automatic reciprocal subassembly (104), automatic reciprocal subassembly (104) are located between first clamping subassembly (108) and second clamping subassembly (109), cutting power subassembly (105) are installed on automatic reciprocal subassembly (104), saw body subassembly (106) are installed on cutting power subassembly (105), saw bit subassembly (107) are dismantled respectively and are connected in both ends of the saw body subassembly (108) can keep away from in frame subassembly (102), both ends of the spacing subassembly (102) are kept away from in frame subassembly (102) The center lines of the second clamping assembly (109) and the first clamping assembly (108) are coaxially arranged, the automatic ranging assembly (103) is arranged on one side of the collision limiting assembly (102), the automatic ranging assembly (103) and the saw blade assembly (107) are positioned on the same side, and the detection end of the automatic ranging assembly (103) and the collision end of the collision limiting assembly (102) are arranged in a flush mode;
the shading component (5) comprises a shading baffle (503), a plurality of first openings (501) and a plurality of second openings (502), wherein the first openings (501) and the second openings (502) are arranged on the shading baffle (503);
The polishing equipment (2) comprises a polishing rack (201), a limiting assembly (202), two clamping plates (203), a polishing belt assembly (204), a polishing assembly (205), a linkage power assembly (206), a mounting frame (207) and an adjusting power assembly (208), wherein the limiting assembly (202) is arranged in the polishing rack (201), the two clamping plates (203) are respectively arranged at two ends of the limiting assembly (202), the two clamping plates (203) are respectively arranged at the upper end of the polishing rack (201), the adjusting power assembly (208) is arranged on one side of the polishing rack (201), the mounting frame (207) is arranged on the adjusting power assembly (208), the polishing assembly (205) and the polishing belt assembly (204) are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the mounting frame (207), the linkage power assembly (206) is arranged at the upper end of the mounting frame (207), and the linkage power assembly (206) is in transmission connection with the polishing assembly (205) and the polishing belt assembly (204).
2. The method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the technical means for detecting the surface and the interior of the titanium alloy in the step S1 is a water immersion type ultrasonic detection scheme.
3. The method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the etching agent comprises hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and deionized water, and the inert gas adopts any one of helium, neon, argon and krypton.
4. The method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the corrosion operation is to soak the titanium alloy sheet in an aggressive agent for 40-60S, wherein the cleaning and drying of the titanium alloy sheet means to rinse the titanium alloy sheet from the aggressive agent, then rinse the titanium alloy sheet under flowing clean water for 60S, and after the titanium alloy sheet is rinsed, then put the titanium alloy sheet in a dryer for drying operation.
5. The method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the quenching operation is to carry out oil quenching on the titanium alloy sheet after heat preservation for 30-60min at 1110-1130 ℃, and carry out low-temperature tempering after the oil quenching is finished, wherein the tempering temperature of the low-temperature tempering is 140-160 ℃, and inert gas air cooling is carried out in a furnace after heat preservation for 50-70 min.
6. The method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the quenching operation adopts quenching equipment (3); the metallographic microscopic photographing device (4) is selected for metallographic microscopic photographing.
7. The method for detecting the average grain size of the titanium alloy according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the display multiple of the metallographic microscopic photographing device (4) is 400X.
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