CN117929009A - Sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection - Google Patents
Sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN117929009A CN117929009A CN202311536864.0A CN202311536864A CN117929009A CN 117929009 A CN117929009 A CN 117929009A CN 202311536864 A CN202311536864 A CN 202311536864A CN 117929009 A CN117929009 A CN 117929009A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of soil sampling equipment, and discloses a sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection, which comprises a frame and a sampling component, wherein the sampling component comprises a charging barrel and a lifting driving component, a locking switching component is arranged among the lifting driving component, the charging barrel and the frame, a piston part is arranged in the charging barrel in a sealing way, the charging barrel is divided into an upper air pressure compression release area and a lower air pressure compression release area and a collecting area by the piston part, the air pressure compression release area is divided into an upper air pressure conveying area and a lower air pressure conveying area and a compression waiting area by a telescopic sealing component, a jacking component is fixed at the upper end of the piston part, a cutting component is arranged at the lower end of the charging barrel, when the locking switching component is switched to lock the charging barrel and the lifting driving component, a cutting unit can be led to horizontally stretch out and cut off soil after the soil is collected to a specified volume, and then an air bag layer is expanded to compress the soil; when the locking switching component is switched to lock the charging barrel and the frame, the lifting driving component descends to drive the cutting unit to reset, the air bag layer contracts, and soil is discharged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil sampling equipment, in particular to a sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection.
Background
The quality of garden soil is related to the growth state of garden trees and the quality of the trees, and garden staff needs to detect the soil with different depths in gardens at regular intervals so as to know the content of each element in different soil base layers and timely topdressing the soil or eliminate adverse factors such as pollution.
The Chinese patent with the bulletin number of CN212082895U discloses a collection device for garden soil detection, a sampling tube, wherein the sampling tube is provided with sampling cavities with openings at the upper end and the lower end, and the sampling tube can be inserted into a position to be sampled so as to squeeze soil into the sampling cavities; the shielding piece is movably arranged on the sampling tube and used for opening and closing the lower end opening of the sampling tube; and one end of the pulling piece is connected with the shielding piece, the other end of the pulling piece protrudes out of the upper end of the sampling tube, and the pulling piece can drive the shielding piece to move so as to close the opening at the lower end of the sampling tube.
The collecting device is additionally provided with a shielding part, and the opening and closing of the lower end opening of the sampling cavity are realized through the pulling part, so that the soil in the collecting device falls from the lower end of the sampling cavity when the sampling tube is prevented from being pulled out.
The acquisition device has the following defects: the insertion or extraction of the cartridge into or from the soil, the shielding of the shielding member and the expulsion of the soil all require manual substeps, which are not only laborious, but also require a trend of the pulling up of the pulling member to be maintained at all times when the cartridge is extracted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect that the prior art needs to take more effort and steps for sampling manually, the invention provides the sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection, which can automatically collect soil, partition the soil and discharge the soil.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection comprises a movable frame and a sampling part arranged on the frame, wherein the sampling part comprises a charging barrel with a downward tip and a lifting driving assembly, a locking switching assembly capable of switching between the locking lifting driving assembly and the charging barrel or between the locking charging barrel and the frame is arranged among the lifting driving assembly, the charging barrel and the frame, a piston part is arranged in the charging barrel in a sealing lifting manner, the charging barrel is divided into an air pressure compression release area and a collecting area which are independent up and down by the piston part, the air pressure compression release area is divided into an air pressure conveying area and a compression waiting area which are independent up and down by a telescopic sealing assembly, a jacking part which can jack up the telescopic sealing assembly to communicate the air pressure conveying area and the compression waiting area when the piston part ascends to a specified stroke is fixed at the upper end of the piston part, a cutting assembly is arranged at the lower end of the charging barrel, the cutting assembly comprises a cutting unit which is embedded in the inner wall of one side of the charging barrel, a traction part which is connected with the edges of the two sides of the cutting unit and is arranged in a sealing lifting manner in the inner wall of the side of the charging barrel far away from the cutting unit, and a sealing part is arranged in the inner wall of the cutting unit in a reset manner, and the traction part is reset unit is arranged in the reset manner; an air bag layer is arranged on the inner wall of a collecting area of the charging barrel, a first air conveying pipeline which is respectively communicated with a cavity at the lower end of the sealing element and an air pressure conveying area and a second air conveying pipeline which is respectively communicated with the air bag layer and the cavity at the upper end of the sealing element are arranged in the charging barrel, when the jacking component jacks up the telescopic sealing assembly and is clamped with the telescopic sealing assembly, the sealing element ascends to drive the cutting unit to horizontally stretch out and cut off soil, when the sealing element continuously ascends to the position below the second air conveying pipeline, the air bag layer expands and radially compresses the soil in the collecting area, the lower end of the lifting driving component is provided with a jacking component with the cross section larger than that of the lifting driving component, and when the lifting driving component and the charging barrel are locked, the jacking component is in sealing plug-in connection with the upper end of the air pressure conveying area; when the charging barrel and the frame are locked, the process that the jacking component continuously stretches into the charging barrel can drive external air to enter the air pressure conveying area, at the moment, the cutting unit is retracted and reset, the air bag layer is contracted, and meanwhile, the piston component is continuously lowered under pressure.
By adopting the scheme, after the frame moves to the sampling area, the locking switching assembly is switched to the locking state of the lifting driving assembly and the charging barrel, the lifting end of the lifting driving assembly descends to drive the charging barrel to descend, in the descending process of the charging barrel, the piston member continuously rises along with the soil entering the charging barrel, the rising of the piston member drives the pressure in the compression waiting area to continuously increase, the pressure in the collecting area continuously reduces, when the soil enters the maximum degree, the jacking component at the upper end of the piston member jacks up the telescopic sealing assembly and is clamped with the telescopic sealing assembly to realize limit, air in the compression waiting area is driven to rapidly enter the air pressure releasing area, air in the air pressure releasing area enters the cavity at the lower end of the sealing member to continuously rise, and then the cutting unit is driven to cut off the soil at the lower end of the collecting area and is blocked at the lower end of the collecting area; then, the lifting end of the lifting driving assembly is lifted to drive the charging barrel to lift the collected soil away from the soil layer; further, when the locking switching assembly is switched to the locking of the charging barrel and the frame, the lifting end of the lifting driving assembly is lowered, the jacking part below the lifting driving assembly is relatively communicated and lowered, after the lifting end enters the pneumatic conveying area, the cross section of the lifting end is smaller than that of the jacking part, so that air can enter the pneumatic conveying cavity from the outside, the air bag layer is further driven to shrink and reset, the cutting unit is reset and the lower end of the collecting area is opened, the jacking part can jack up the telescopic sealing assembly and jack down the piston part downwards along with the continuous lowering of the lifting end, the piston part can be driven to extrude soil and rapidly discharge the soil out of the charging barrel, the sampling, the discharging and the cutting and the radial compression of the lower end of the soil can be automatically realized, all the steps are realized only by using the lifting driving assembly and the locking switching assembly, the driving part is less and the structure is ingenious, and the discharged soil compactness is improved.
Preferably, the telescopic sealing assembly comprises a protruding block protruding from the inner wall of the charging barrel, a containing groove symmetrically recessed from one opposite side of the protruding block, and a telescopic piece elastically arranged in the containing groove and elastically abutted against each other to transversely seal the charging barrel when extending out, wherein the upper end surface and the lower end surface of one opposite side of the telescopic piece are provided with a matched inclined surface with opposite tips, two sides of the upper end of the jacking component are provided with jacking inclined surfaces matched with the matched inclined surfaces of the lower ends of the two telescopic pieces, and clamping grooves for locally clamping the telescopic pieces are recessed from two sides of the jacking component.
By adopting the scheme, after the telescopic piece elastically stretches out, the telescopic piece is mutually abutted to seal and separate the pneumatic conveying area and the compression waiting area, and after the telescopic piece is clamped into the clamping groove of the jacking component, the locking of the piston piece is realized, the cutting unit is driven to keep the cutting and blocking effects, the air bag layer is in a state of expanding and compressing soil, and the state can be kept unchanged all the time before discharging.
Preferably, a slot communicated with the pneumatic conveying area is formed in the top of the charging barrel, the jacking component comprises a fixed block fixed at the bottom of the lifting end of the lifting driving component and in sealing connection with the slot, and two jacking plates fixed at the lower end of the fixed block in parallel, and a jacking inclined plane matched with the inclined plane at the upper end of a telescopic piece is formed in the lower end of each jacking plate.
By adopting the scheme, when the fixed block and the slot are in an inserting state, the upper end of the pneumatic conveying area is in a sealing state; when the lifting end descends to be in an inserting state with the slot, the air pressure conveying area and the compression waiting area are simultaneously in a communicating state with the outside, the air pressure of the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the sealing piece is atmospheric pressure, the sealing piece loses the tension brought by the air pressure, so that the cutting unit is retracted and reset under the action of the resetting piece, meanwhile, the air bag layer is retracted and reset along with the descending of the sealing piece, the pressing inclined surface at the lower end of the pressing plate can be matched with the matching inclined surface and drives the telescopic piece to retract into the accommodating groove until the telescopic piece is completely separated from the jacking component, and the pressing plate can be abutted against the upper end of the piston piece and downwards pressed against the piston piece in the continuous descending process so as to realize that soil is separated from the charging barrel.
Preferably, the lifting driving assembly comprises a ball screw sliding table fixed at the upper end of the frame, the ball screw sliding table comprises a fixed seat vertically fixed at the upper end face of the frame, a screw rod vertically rotating on the fixed seat and a driving motor driving the screw rod to rotate, the lifting end of the lifting driving assembly is a sliding seat arranged between the fixed seat and the screw rod and moving reciprocally along the length direction of the screw rod, the lower end of the sliding seat extends to the lower part of the frame and the lower end of the sliding seat is provided with a pressing part, the lower end of the frame is provided with a matching sleeve, and the feed cylinder vertically guides to lift in the matching sleeve.
By adopting the scheme, along with the positive and negative rotation of the driving motor, the sliding table can realize vertical reciprocating motion, the cooperation sleeve is fixed at the lower end of the frame to serve as a part of the frame, the charging barrel is vertically guided in the cooperation sleeve, along with the lifting of the sliding seat, under the switching of the locking switching assembly, the lifting of the charging barrel relative to the cooperation sleeve or the discharging operation of soil in the charging barrel can be realized.
Preferably, the locking switching assembly comprises a through groove horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the slot and penetrating through the inner wall to the outer wall, an electromagnet fixed in the through groove, a first limit groove arranged at the bottom of the sliding seat and a second limit groove arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the matching sleeve, a moving piece which is in plug-in fit with the center of the electromagnet is horizontally moved in the through groove, an iron block is fixed on the moving piece at one end, close to the first limit groove, of the electromagnet, and a second elastic piece with two ends respectively fixed with the iron block and the electromagnet is sleeved on the moving piece; when the electromagnet is electrified, the moving piece is separated from the first limiting groove and is in plug-in fit with the second limiting groove.
By adopting the scheme, the horizontal movement of the moving part can be realized through the power supply or the power failure of the electromagnet, and the switching can be performed between the first limit groove or the second limit groove of the locking, so that the locking between the charging barrel and the lifting driving assembly or the switching of the locking between the charging barrel and the frame can be realized.
Preferably, the cutting unit is a stainless steel belt, and the traction member is a steel wire.
By adopting the scheme, the stainless steel belt has good toughness and can be properly deformed, and along with the traction of the steel wire, the end part can move the inner wall of one side of the discharging cylinder and move towards the opposite inner wall of the charging cylinder, so that the soil layer is cut and shielded.
Preferably, horizontal grooves for the cutting units or steel wires to enter and exit and vertical grooves for the cutting units or steel wires to move vertically are formed in the inner walls of the two sides of the charging barrel, and fixed pulleys for changing the moving direction of the cutting units or traction components are rotatably arranged at the joint of the horizontal grooves and the vertical grooves.
By adopting the scheme, after the fixed pulleys are arranged, the moving direction of the cutting unit or the traction part can be changed, and the double functions of motion guiding and abrasion reduction are achieved.
Preferably, the frame comprises a vehicle body plate which is horizontally arranged, supporting legs which are arranged at four corners of the lower end of the vehicle body plate, and spike parts which are arranged on the supporting legs and are pointed downwards, wherein the lower ends of the supporting legs are provided with lifting frames in a telescopic mode, rollers are arranged at the bottoms of the lifting frames, and driving parts which can drive the spike parts to descend relative to the rollers and penetrate into the soil are arranged between the lifting frames and the supporting legs.
By adopting the scheme, the lifting of the vehicle body plate can be realized by utilizing the driving part, the lifting of the spike part and the initial position of the charging barrel can be realized, when the spike part descends, the charging barrel can be pricked into the soil, the frame is prevented from moving, a good positioning effect is achieved, the initial position of the charging barrel descends, and the depth of the charging barrel entering the soil can be improved.
Preferably, the driving part comprises a driving air cylinder, a first cross beam is arranged between two supporting legs, a second cross beam and a third cross beam are longitudinally arranged between two lifting frames at intervals, the lifting frames are embedded and guided to slide on the side walls of the supporting legs, a cylinder body of the driving air cylinder is fixed between the second cross beam and the third cross beam, a piston rod of the driving air cylinder vertically upwards passes through the second cross beam and is fixedly connected with the first cross beam, the spike parts are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the driving air cylinder, and the upper ends of the spike parts are fixed on the first cross beam and the lower ends of the spike parts are stored in the third cross beam in a normal state.
By adopting the scheme, the supporting legs can be lifted along with the extension of the piston rod of the driving cylinder, so that the vehicle body plate and the spike part are driven to rise, the spike part is contained in the third cross beam, and the safety risk of exposing the spike part is reduced; along with the retraction of the piston rod of the driving cylinder, the supporting leg can be pulled down, so that the vehicle body plate and the spike part are driven to descend, the spike part extends out of the third cross beam and penetrates into the soil, and the vehicle frame is positioned.
Preferably, a plurality of through grooves are formed in the vehicle body plate, a storage box for storing soil is inserted into the through grooves, and buckling grooves convenient to take are formed in the storage box.
By adopting the scheme, the storage box is lapped on the through groove, so that the storage box is convenient to take and place, and can store discharged soil so as to facilitate subsequent drying of the soil.
The invention has the remarkable technical effects due to the adoption of the technical scheme: setting a locking switching assembly, improving the structure of a charging barrel, when the locking switching assembly is switched to a locking state of a lifting driving assembly and the charging barrel, the lifting end of the lifting driving assembly is lowered to drive the charging barrel to be lowered, in the process of lowering the charging barrel, a piston member enters the charging barrel along with the soil and is in a continuous rising trend, the rising of the piston member drives the pressure in a compression waiting area to be continuously increased, the pressure in a collecting area is continuously reduced, when the soil enters the maximum degree, a jacking component at the upper end of the piston member jacks up a telescopic sealing assembly and is clamped with the telescopic sealing assembly to realize limit, air in the compression waiting area is driven to rapidly enter an air pressure releasing area, air in the air pressure releasing area enters a cavity at the lower end of the sealing member to continuously rise, and then a cutting unit is driven to cut off the soil at the lower end of the collecting area and is blocked at the lower end of the collecting area, when the sealing member is raised to expose a second air conveying pipeline, an air bag layer is expanded until the air bag layer is expanded to a maximum stroke, the expansion of the air bag layer radially compacts the soil, the soil is increased, and at the same time, after the soil is contracted, a soil discharging gap exists between the soil and the inner wall of the charging barrel is more beneficial to discharging; then, the lifting end of the lifting driving assembly is lifted to drive the charging barrel to lift the collected soil away from the soil layer; further, when the locking switching assembly is switched to the locking of the charging barrel and the frame, the lifting end of the lifting driving assembly is lowered, the jacking part below the lifting driving assembly is relatively communicated and lowered, after the lifting end enters the pneumatic conveying area, the cross section of the lifting end is smaller than that of the jacking part, so that air can enter the pneumatic conveying cavity from the outside, the air bag layer is further driven to shrink and reset, the cutting unit is reset and the lower end of the collecting area is opened, the jacking part can jack up the telescopic sealing assembly and jack down the piston part downwards along with the continuous lowering of the lifting end, the piston part can be driven to extrude soil and rapidly discharge the soil out of the charging barrel, the sampling, the discharging and the cutting and the radial compression of the lower end of the soil can be automatically realized, all the steps are realized only by using the lifting driving assembly and the locking switching assembly, the driving part is less and the structure is ingenious, and the discharged soil compactness is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the sample collection device for garden soil detection according to the present embodiment, when it is movable;
fig. 2 is a front view of the sample collection device for garden soil detection of the present embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a left side view of the sample collection device for garden soil detection of the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a of fig. 4;
fig. 6 is an enlarged view of B of fig. 4;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 4;
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of C of fig. 7;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 4;
fig. 10 is an enlarged view of D of fig. 9;
Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of E of fig. 9;
FIG. 12 is an isometric view of the sample collection device for garden soil detection in the cartridge of the present embodiment after soil collection;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the sample collection device for garden soil detection in the embodiment, after the soil collection is completed;
fig. 14 is an enlarged view of F of fig. 13.
The names of the parts indicated by the numerical reference numerals in the above drawings are as follows: 1. a vehicle body panel; 101. a pull ring; 2. a matching sleeve; 201. the second limit groove; 3. a fixing seat; 4. a driving motor; 5. a storage box; 501. a buckling groove; 6. supporting feet; 7. a first cross beam; 8. a lifting frame; 9. a second cross beam; 10. a third cross beam; 11. a spike; 12. a guide groove; 13. a roller; 14. a driving cylinder; 15. a charging barrel; 151. a receiving groove; 16. a slide; 161. a slide block; 162. an extension rod; 17. a fixed block; 171. a first limit groove; 18. a top pressing plate; 181. pressing the inclined plane; 19. a seal; 20. a traction member; 21. a first gas transmission pipeline; 22. a telescoping member; 23. a first elastic member; 24. a second gas transmission pipeline; 25. matching with the inclined plane; 26. an electromagnet; 27. a moving member; 28. iron blocks; 29. a second elastic member; 30. a piston member; 31. a jack-up member; 311. a clamping groove; 312. pressing the inclined plane; 32. a horizontal slot; 33. a vertical slot; 34. a cutting unit; 35. a fixed pulley; 36. a third elastic member; 37. a seal ring; 38. an air bag layer; 39. a screw rod; 40. a collection area; 41. a compression waiting area; 42. and an air pressure conveying area.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Examples
The utility model provides a gardens soil detects and uses sampling collection device, refer to the fig. 1 ~ 14 and show, including mobilizable frame and the sampling part of setting on the frame, the frame includes the vehicle body board 1 of level setting, set up in the supporting legs 6 of vehicle body board 1 lower extreme four corners department and tip downward spike portion 11, the flexible crane 8 that is provided with in supporting legs 6 lower extreme, the bottom of crane 8 is provided with gyro wheel 13, be provided with between crane 8 and supporting legs 6 and order about spike portion 11 relative gyro wheel 13 decline and the drive division in the penetration soil, the drive division includes a drive cylinder 14, be provided with first crossbeam 7 between two supporting legs 6, longitudinal spacing is provided with second crossbeam 9 and third crossbeam 10 between two crane 8, the cylinder body of drive cylinder 14 is fixed in between second crossbeam 9 and the third crossbeam 10, the piston 30 pole of drive cylinder 14 upwards and pass first crossbeam 7 fixed connection after the spike portion 11 sets up in order to the tip portion 11 symmetry, it has a plurality of tip portion to take out in the tip portion 1 and take out in the recess to take-up box 1 to take in the recess that tip portion is provided with tip portion 1 along with tip portion 1, the tip portion 1 is convenient for take out in the recess 1 is provided with in the recess 1 along with tip portion 1, tip portion 1 is stretched out in the recess 1 between two crane portion 1, the extension 1.
The sampling part comprises a charging barrel 15 with a downward tip and a lifting driving assembly, a matching sleeve 2 is fixed at the lower end of a vehicle body plate 1, the charging barrel 15 vertically guides and lifts in the matching sleeve 2, guide blocks are convexly arranged above the outer walls of two sides of the charging barrel 15, and guide grooves 12 for the guide blocks to vertically guide are vertically arranged on the two side wall surfaces of the matching sleeve 2.
A locking switching component which can switch between the locking lifting driving component and the charging barrel 15 or between the locking charging barrel 15 and the frame is arranged among the lifting driving component, the charging barrel 15 and the matching sleeve 2, when the lifting driving component and the charging barrel 15 are locked, the lifting driving component drives the charging barrel 15 to integrally descend and prick into soil for soil collection; when the charging barrel 15 and the matching sleeve 2 are locked, the lifting driving assembly can drive the soil in the charging barrel 15 to discharge the charging barrel 15.
Referring to fig. 4 to 8, a piston member 30 is sealingly lifted in the cylinder 15, the piston member 30 is made of hard material and is externally wrapped with a rubber layer, the piston member 30 divides the cylinder 15 into an air pressure compression releasing area and a collecting area 40, the air pressure compression releasing area is divided into an air pressure conveying area 42 and a compression waiting area 41, which are independent from each other, by a telescopic sealing assembly.
The telescopic sealing assembly comprises protruding blocks which are arranged at the upper ends of the inner walls of two symmetrical sides of the charging barrel 15, a containing groove 151 which is arranged at one side opposite to the protruding blocks in a symmetrically concave manner, and a telescopic piece 22 which is arranged in the containing groove 151 in an elastically telescopic manner and is mutually elastically abutted against the matching inclined surfaces 25 at the lower ends of the two telescopic pieces 22 when the telescopic piece is extended, a first elastic piece 23 with two ends fixed with the two elastic pieces is arranged between the bottom of the containing groove 151 and the telescopic piece 22, the first elastic piece 23 is a spring, a jacking part 31 which can jack the telescopic sealing assembly firstly when the piston piece 30 is lifted to a specified stroke and is clamped on the piston piece 30 after the piston piece 30 is lifted to a specified stroke is fixed at the upper end of the piston piece 30, a matched inclined surface 25 which is opposite to the upper end surface of the telescopic piece 22 is arranged to be tip-opposite, a jacking inclined surface 312 which is mutually elastically abutted against the matching inclined surfaces 25 at the lower ends of the two telescopic piece 22 at the same time, a clamping groove 311 which can be used for the telescopic piece 22 to be partially clamped in is arranged at the two sides of the upper end of the jacking part 31 is recessed, when the jacking inclined surface 312 of the jacking part 31 is lifted up to the matching inclined surfaces 25 with the matching inclined surfaces 25, the telescopic piece 22 can be partially clamped in the clamping groove 311 with the matched with the matching inclined surfaces 31, and the jacking part 31 can be continuously clamped in front of the telescopic piece 22 to the telescopic piece 22 when the jacking part is lifted up to the matched with the telescopic piece 31 with the matched with the telescopic inclined surface.
The lower end of the charging barrel 15 is provided with a cutting assembly, as shown in fig. 6 in detail, the cutting assembly comprises a cutting unit 34 embedded in the inner wall of one side of the charging barrel 15, a traction part 20 connected with the edges of two sides of the cutting unit 34 and partially sealed and lifted in the inner wall of one side of the charging barrel 15 far away from the cutting unit 34, and a sealing piece 19 which is sealed and moved in the inner wall of the charging barrel 15 and fixed with the traction part 20, the sealing piece 19 is made of rubber, the inner wall of the charging barrel 15 is also provided with a resetting piece for driving the cutting unit 34 to reset after traction is lost, the cutting unit 34 is made of a bendable material, in this embodiment, the cutting unit 34 adopts a stainless steel belt with the thickness of 0.02-0.2 mm, the traction part 20 is a steel wire, the inner walls of two sides of the charging barrel 15 are provided with a horizontal groove 32 for the cutting unit 34 or the steel wire to go in and out, and a vertical groove 33 for the cutting unit 34 or the steel wire to vertically move, the resetting piece is a third elastic piece 36 with two ends fixedly connected with the bottom of the vertical groove 33 and the upper end of the stainless steel belt respectively, a fixed pulley 35 for the sealing piece 37 is fixedly arranged in the sealing groove 37 under the sealing groove for the sealing movement of the sealing piece 35.
The air bag layer 38 is arranged on the inner wall of the collecting area 40 of the charging barrel 15, as shown in fig. 5 and 7 in detail, the first air conveying pipeline 21 which is respectively communicated with the lower end chamber of the sealing element 19 and the air pressure conveying area 42 and the second air conveying pipeline 24 which is respectively communicated with the air bag layer 38 and the upper end chamber of the sealing element 19 are arranged in the charging barrel 15, an air hole which is communicated with the outer wall of the charging barrel 15 is arranged at the top of the upper end chamber of the sealing element 19, when the jacking component 31 jacks up the telescopic sealing assembly and is clamped with the telescopic sealing assembly, the sealing element 19 is lifted up to drive the cutting unit 34 to horizontally stretch out and cut off soil, when the sealing element 19 is continuously lifted up to the position below the second air conveying pipeline 24, the air bag layer 38 is expanded and radially compresses the soil in the collecting area 40, the compactness of the soil is further increased, the air bag layer can be separated from the inner wall of the charging barrel 15 in advance, and the soil is discharged after the air bag layer 38 is contracted.
Referring to fig. 7-8, the lifting driving assembly includes a ball screw 39 sliding table fixed at the upper end of the frame, the ball screw 39 sliding table includes a fixed seat 3 vertically fixed at the upper end of the frame, in this embodiment, the fixed seat 3 is a tubular seat with a rectangular slot inside, a screw 39 is vertically rotatably provided in the fixed seat 3, a driving motor 4 connected with the screw 39 for driving the screw 39 to rotate is fixed at the upper end of the fixed seat 3, a sliding seat 16 is screwed on the screw 39, the sliding seat 16 includes a slider 161 attached to the inner wall of the fixed seat 3 and reciprocally moving along the length direction of the screw 39, and an extension rod 162 extending from one side of the slider 161 near the cylinder 15, a pressing part is fixed at one end of the extension rod 162 far from the slider 161, a slot communicating with the pneumatic conveying area 42 is provided at the top of the cylinder 15, the pressing part includes a fixed block 17 fixed at the bottom of the extension rod 162 and sealingly inserted into the slot and two pressing plates 18 fixed in parallel to the lower end of the fixed block 17, a slant surface of the pressing plate 18 is provided at the lower end of each pressing plate 18, and the cross section of the pressing part 181 capable of matching the slant surface 25 of the upper end of the expansion member 22 is matched with the slant surface of the upper end of the expansion member 22, and the extension rod is capable of moving to the pneumatic conveying area 162 when the compression area is compressed and the compression area is moved to the compression area 42. When the lifting driving assembly and the charging barrel 15 are locked, the upper ends of the fixed block 17 and the pneumatic conveying area 42 are in a sealed inserting state, and the top pressing plate 18 is in clearance fit with the telescopic piece 22; when the charging barrel 15 is locked with the frame, the pushing component continuously stretches into the charging barrel 15 until the extension rod 162 enters the pneumatic conveying area 42, external air synchronously enters the pneumatic conveying area 42, and meanwhile, the pushing plate 18 can push the telescopic piece 22 and push the piston piece 30 downwards.
Referring to fig. 8, the locking switching assembly includes a through slot horizontally disposed on an inner wall of the slot and penetrating through to an outer wall, an electromagnet 26 fixed in the through slot, a first limit slot 171 respectively disposed on a side wall of the fixed block 17, and a second limit slot 201 disposed on an inner wall of an upper end of the matching sleeve, a moving member 27 horizontally moving in the through slot and being in plug-in fit with a center of the electromagnet 26, an iron block 28 fixed on the moving member 27 at one end of the electromagnet 26 near the first limit slot 171, a second elastic member 29 with two ends respectively fixed with the iron block 28 and the electromagnet 26 sleeved on the moving member 27, the second elastic member 29 being a spring, and when the electromagnet 26 is de-energized, the moving member 27 is separated from the second limit slot 201 and is plug-in fit with the first limit slot 171, at this time, the charging barrel 15 and the sliding seat 16 are in a locking state, and the sliding seat 16 is lowered to drive the charging barrel 15 to be lowered synchronously; when the electromagnet 26 is powered on, the moving part 27 is separated from the first limiting groove 171 and is in plug-in fit with the second limiting groove 201, at this time, the charging barrel 15 and the matching sleeve 2 are in a locking state, and the sliding seat 16 can descend to drive the top pressing plate 18 to push the telescopic part 22 open and press the piston part 30 down, so that soil is discharged.
The acquisition steps are as follows:
1. and (3) site selection and positioning: moving the frame to a designated collecting area 40, driving a piston rod of a driving cylinder 14 to retract, and lowering a spike part 11 relative to a roller 13 until the spike part is pricked into the soil to realize the positioning of the frame (see figure 2);
2. Soil collection: the electromagnet 26 is switched to a power-off state, the driving motor 4 rotates to drive the sliding seat 16 to descend, the charging barrel 15 vertically guides to descend relative to the matching sleeve 2 and is pressed into soil, the soil enters the collecting area 40 and drives the piston piece 30 to ascend, the soil is subjected to certain longitudinal pressure in the ascending process of the piston piece 30, the compactness of the soil is initially improved today, the soil is collected until the jacking component 31 at the upper end of the piston piece 30 jacks up the telescopic piece 22 and is clamped with the telescopic piece 22, the air in the compression waiting area 41 enters the air pressure conveying area 42 and enters the cavity at the lower end of the sealing piece 19 along the first air conveying pipeline 21, the sealing piece 19 is driven to ascend, the pulling cutting unit 34 is pulled today to cut off the soil, when the jacking component 31 is clamped with the telescopic piece 22, the sealing piece 19 is upwards moved to expose the second air conveying pipeline 24, the rest air enters the air bag layer 38, the air bag layer 38 is expanded to radially compress the soil in the collecting area 40, the compactness of the soil is further increased, and the soil is driven to be in clearance fit with the inner wall of the charging barrel 15 (fig. 12-14);
3. And (5) lifting and resetting the charging barrel 15: the motor is reversely rotated by the precursor, and the sliding seat 16 drives the charging barrel 15 to rise to the maximum stroke to realize the reset; then, the electromagnet 26 is switched to the power-on state, and the charging barrel 15 and the matching sleeve 2 are locked; finally, the piston rod of the driving cylinder 14 extends out, the spike part 11 rises to separate from the ground, and the distance between the matched sleeve 2 and the bottom surface is increased (the discharging distance is increased);
4. Discharging: when the motor is driven to rotate positively and the slide seat 16 moves to the extension rod 162 and enters the pneumatic conveying area 42, external air enters the pneumatic conveying area 42 and the compression waiting area 41, the upper end chamber and the lower end chamber of the sealing element 19 are all at atmospheric pressure, the cutting unit 34 resets under the action of the third elastic element 36 to open the lower end opening of the collecting area 40, the sealing element 19 is driven to descend and reset, the air bag layer 38 contracts, soil is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the charging barrel 15, and as the extension rod 162 descends continuously, the top pressing plate 18 pushes the piston element 30 downwards, and the soil is gradually extruded out of the bottom of the charging barrel 15.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a gardens soil detects with sampling collection device, includes mobilizable frame and sets up the sampling part on the frame, and the sampling part includes feed cylinder (15) and lift drive assembly that tip down, its characterized in that: a locking switching component capable of switching between the locking lifting driving component and the charging barrel (15) or between the locking charging barrel (15) and the frame is arranged between the lifting driving component, the charging barrel (15) and the frame, a piston component (30) is arranged in the charging barrel (15) in a sealing lifting manner, the piston component (30) divides the charging barrel (15) into an air pressure compression release zone and a collection zone (40) which are independent up and down, the air pressure compression release zone is divided into an air pressure conveying zone (42) and a compression waiting zone (41) which are independent up and down through a telescopic sealing component, a jacking component (31) which can jack up the telescopic sealing component to be communicated with the air pressure conveying zone (42) and the compression waiting zone (41) when the piston component (30) is lifted to a specified stroke is fixed at the upper end of the piston component (30), a cutting component is arranged at the lower end of the charging barrel (15), the cutting component comprises a cutting unit (34) which is embedded in the inner wall of one side of the charging barrel (15), a traction component which is connected with the edges of two sides of the cutting unit (34) and is partially sealed and lifted in the inner wall of the cutting unit (15) and is far away from the inner wall of the cutting unit (15) and a traction component (20) is fixed in the traction component (20) which is reset after the inner wall of the cutting unit (15) is reset; an air bag layer (38) is arranged on the inner wall of a collecting area (40) of a charging barrel (15), a first air conveying pipeline (21) which is respectively communicated with a cavity at the lower end of a sealing element (19) and an air pressure conveying area (42) and a second air conveying pipeline (24) which is communicated with the air bag layer (38) and a cavity at the upper end of the sealing element (19) are arranged in the charging barrel (15), when a jacking component (31) jacks up a telescopic sealing assembly and is clamped with the telescopic sealing assembly, the sealing element (19) ascends to drive a cutting unit (34) to horizontally stretch out and cut off soil, when the sealing element (19) continues to ascend to the position below the second air conveying pipeline (24), the air bag layer (38) expands and radially compresses the soil in the collecting area (40), and a jacking component with the cross section larger than the upper end of the air pressure conveying area (42) is arranged at the lower end of a lifting driving component, and when the lifting driving component and the charging barrel (15) are locked; when the charging barrel (15) and the frame are locked, the process that the jacking component continuously stretches into the charging barrel (15) can drive external air to enter the air pressure conveying area (42), at the moment, the cutting unit (34) is retracted and reset, the air bag layer (38) is contracted, and the piston piece (30) is continuously lowered under pressure.
2. The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection according to claim 1, wherein: the telescopic sealing assembly comprises a protruding block protruding from the inner wall of the charging barrel (15), a containing groove (151) symmetrically recessed on one opposite side of the protruding block and a telescopic piece (22) elastically arranged in the containing groove (151) and mutually elastically abutted against each other when extending out to transversely seal the charging barrel (15), the upper end face and the lower end face of one opposite side of the telescopic piece (22) are provided with a matched inclined plane (25) opposite to the tip, two sides of the upper end of the jacking component (31) are provided with jacking inclined planes (312) matched with the matched inclined planes (25) of the lower ends of the two telescopic pieces (22), and clamping grooves (311) for locally clamping the telescopic piece (22) are recessed on two sides of the jacking component (31).
3. The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection according to claim 2, wherein: the top of the charging barrel (15) is provided with a slot communicated with the pneumatic conveying area (42), the jacking component comprises a fixed block (17) fixed at the bottom of the lifting end of the lifting driving component and in sealing connection with the slot, and two jacking plates (18) fixed at the lower end of the fixed block (17) in parallel, and the lower end of each jacking plate (18) is provided with a jacking inclined plane (181) which can be matched with an upper end matching inclined plane (25) of a telescopic piece (22).
4. The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting drive assembly comprises a ball screw sliding table fixed at the upper end of the frame, the ball screw sliding table comprises a fixed seat (3) vertically fixed at the upper end face of the frame, a screw rod (39) vertically rotated on the fixed seat (3) and a drive motor (4) for driving the screw rod (39) to rotate, the lifting end of the lifting drive assembly is a sliding seat (16) arranged between the fixed seat (3) and the screw rod (39) and capable of reciprocating along the length direction of the screw rod (39), the lower end of the sliding seat (16) extends to the lower part of the frame, the lower end of the sliding seat is provided with a pressing part, the lower end of the frame is provided with a matching sleeve (2), and the charging barrel (15) vertically guides to lift in the matching sleeve (2).
5. The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection according to claim 4, wherein: the locking switching assembly comprises a through groove horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the slot and penetrating through the outer wall, an electromagnet (26) fixed in the through groove, a first limit groove (171) arranged at the bottom of the sliding seat (16) and a second limit groove (201) arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the matching sleeve (2), a moving piece (27) which is in plug-in fit with the center of the electromagnet (26) is horizontally moved in the through groove, an iron block (28) is fixed on the moving piece (27) at one end, close to the first limit groove (171), of the electromagnet (26), a second elastic piece (29) with two ends fixed with the iron block (28) and the electromagnet (26) is sleeved on the moving piece (27), and when the electromagnet (26) is in power failure, the moving piece (27) is separated from the second limit groove (201) and is in plug-in fit with the first limit groove (171); when the electromagnet (26) is powered on, the moving piece (27) is separated from the first limiting groove (171) and is in plug-in fit with the second limiting groove (201).
6. The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection according to claim 1, wherein: the cutting unit (34) is a stainless steel belt, and the traction component (20) is a steel wire.
7. The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection according to claim 6, wherein: the two side inner walls of the charging barrel (15) are provided with a horizontal groove (32) for a cutting unit (34) or a steel wire to enter and exit and a vertical groove (33) for the cutting unit (34) or the steel wire to vertically move, and a fixed pulley (35) for changing the movement direction of the cutting unit (34) or the traction component (20) is rotatably arranged at the joint of the horizontal groove (32) and the vertical groove (33).
8. The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection according to claim 1, wherein: the frame includes vehicle body board (1) that the level set up, sets up supporting legs (6) and setting up spike portion (11) down on supporting legs (6) and pointed end in vehicle body board (1) lower extreme four corners department, and supporting legs (6) lower extreme is flexible to be provided with crane (8), and the bottom of crane (8) is provided with gyro wheel (13), is provided with between crane (8) and supporting legs (6) and can order about spike portion (11) to descend and stab the drive division in the soil relative gyro wheel (13).
9. The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection according to claim 8, wherein: the drive part comprises a drive cylinder (14), a first cross beam (7) is arranged between two supporting legs (6), a second cross beam (9) and a third cross beam (10) are longitudinally arranged between two lifting frames (8) at intervals, the lifting frames (8) are embedded and guided to slide on the side walls of the supporting legs (6), a cylinder body of the drive cylinder (14) is fixed between the second cross beam (9) and the third cross beam (10), a piston piece (30) rod of the drive cylinder (14) vertically upwards passes through the second cross beam (9) and then is fixedly connected with the first cross beam (7), spike parts (11) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the drive cylinder (14), and the upper ends of the spike parts (11) are fixed on the first cross beam (7) and the lower ends of the spike parts are contained in the third cross beam (10) in a normal state.
10. The sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection according to claim 8, wherein: a plurality of through grooves are formed in the vehicle body plate (1), a storage box (5) for storing soil is inserted into the through grooves, and a buckling groove (501) convenient to take is formed in the storage box (5).
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| CN202311536864.0A CN117929009B (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection |
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| CN202311536864.0A CN117929009B (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Sampling and collecting device for garden soil detection |
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| CN118817383A (en) * | 2024-09-19 | 2024-10-22 | 山东昊坤果业有限公司 | A sampling device and method for detecting probiotic yellow peach milk cake |
| CN119000356A (en) * | 2024-10-22 | 2024-11-22 | 西北大学 | Pneumatic shear type soil body strength testing device and method for drilling experiment |
| CN119164711A (en) * | 2024-11-21 | 2024-12-20 | 浙江瀚陆海底系统工程技术有限公司 | A seafloor sampling robot |
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