CN117884956B - Horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center - Google Patents
Horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center Download PDFInfo
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- CN117884956B CN117884956B CN202410292751.9A CN202410292751A CN117884956B CN 117884956 B CN117884956 B CN 117884956B CN 202410292751 A CN202410292751 A CN 202410292751A CN 117884956 B CN117884956 B CN 117884956B
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- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
- B23Q39/02—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
- B23B3/06—Turning-machines or devices characterised only by the special arrangement of constructional units
- B23B3/065—Arrangements for performing other machining operations, e.g. milling, drilling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/15506—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling the tool being inserted in a tool holder directly from a storage device (without transfer device)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
- Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
- Y10T29/5109—Lathe
- Y10T29/5114—Lathe and tool
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
- Y10T409/307672—Angularly adjustable cutter head
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T483/00—Tool changing
- Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
- Y10T483/1702—Rotating work machine tool [e.g., screw machine, lathe, etc.]
- Y10T483/1705—Tool support comprises rotary spindle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T483/00—Tool changing
- Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
- Y10T483/1702—Rotating work machine tool [e.g., screw machine, lathe, etc.]
- Y10T483/1726—Direct tool exchange between tool support and matrix
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center, which comprises: a workpiece spindle for clamping a workpiece; a machining spindle for machining a workpiece; the processing main shaft can linearly move along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions; the processing main shaft can rotate around an A shaft, and the A shaft is not coaxial with the X shaft, the Y shaft and the Z shaft; the milling head and the turning tool are arranged on the processing main shaft, the processing main shaft rotates around the axis A, so that the milling head or the turning tool respectively faces to the workpiece, and the workpiece is processed; the milling head also comprises a tool magazine, a replacement tool is arranged in the tool magazine, and the processing main shaft rotates around the A shaft, so that the axis of the tool of the milling head is parallel to the axis of the replacement tool. Different from a turning and milling composite machining center needing to be provided with an independent turning tool tower and a milling main shaft, the horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center provided by the invention integrates turning and milling functions on the same driving mechanism by simultaneously arranging the milling head and the turning tool on the machining main shaft, so that the motion precision errors are not accumulated, and the machining precision of a workpiece is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to machining equipment, in particular to a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center.
Background
High efficiency and high precision are always the targets sought after in the machining field. With the continuous development of processing technology, the traditional processing concept can not meet the requirements of people on processing speed, efficiency and precision. In such a background, a composite processing technique has been developed. In general, the composite processing refers to a general term of processing technology capable of performing different processes or different processing methods on one processing apparatus. Turning and milling combined machining is one of the most rapidly developed machining modes in the field in recent years.
In order to meet the requirements of turning and milling at the same time, the conventional turning and milling composite machining center is generally provided with an independent turning tool turret and a milling main shaft, so that the structure is complex, the occupied area is large, and as the turning tool turret and the milling main shaft are required to respectively adopt different driving mechanisms, errors of the two different driving mechanisms in motion precision can be overlapped, and the machining precision of a precise workpiece is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center, which aims to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
a horizontal five-axis turn-milling composite machining center, comprising: a workpiece spindle for clamping a workpiece;
a machining spindle for machining the workpiece;
the processing main shaft can linearly move along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions;
The processing main shaft can rotate around an A shaft, and the A shaft is not coaxial with the X shaft, the Y shaft and the Z shaft;
the milling head and the turning tool are arranged on the processing main shaft, the processing main shaft rotates around the A shaft to enable the milling head or the turning tool to face the workpiece respectively, and the workpiece is processed;
The milling head is characterized by further comprising a tool magazine, wherein a replacement tool is arranged in the tool magazine, and the processing main shaft rotates around the A shaft, so that the axis of the tool of the milling head is parallel to the axis of the replacement tool.
Further, the processing main shaft is including locating two of cutter head both sides the cutter direction orientation of cutter head the A axle slope, the cutter direction of cutter is kept away from the A axle slope, and two the direction of cutter is different.
Further, when the plane where the cutter axis of the milling head and the axis a are located is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the processing spindle rotates around the axis a by a first set angle in one direction, so that one turning tool is perpendicular to the axis C, and the processing spindle rotates around the axis a by a second set angle in the other direction, so that the other turning tool is parallel to the axis C.
Further, the A axis is parallel to the horizontal plane and perpendicular to the Y axis, and an included angle between the A axis and the X axis is 45 degrees.
Further, the device also comprises a stand column;
The stand is provided with a mounting surface for mounting the processing main shaft, and the mounting surface is parallel to the Y axis and the A axis at the same time and is not perpendicular to the X axis and the Z axis.
Further, the processing main shaft comprises a swinging seat and a swinging motor arranged in the swinging seat, and the milling head and the turning tool rotate around the A shaft through the swinging motor.
Further, the machining spindle comprises an installation seat capable of rotating around the A shaft, the installation seat is provided with the milling head and the turning tool, and the axis of the cutter of the milling head is intersected with the A shaft.
Further, the installation seat is provided with an avoidance inclined plane, an avoidance conical surface and an installation inclined plane, the avoidance inclined plane and the installation inclined plane are oppositely arranged, the avoidance conical surface is arranged between the avoidance inclined plane and the installation inclined plane, the milling head is installed on the installation inclined plane, and the included angle between the installation inclined plane and the A shaft is 45 degrees.
Further, one side of the avoidance conical surface, which is close to the installation inclined surface, is provided with a turning tool installation part, the turning tool installation part protrudes towards the direction away from the A axis, the turning tool installation part is provided with a turning tool installation surface for installing a turning mechanism, and an included angle between the turning tool installation surface and the A axis is 45 degrees.
Further, the machine tool comprises a machine tool body, the machine tool body is provided with a workpiece spindle along the Z-axis direction, one side of the workpiece spindle is provided with a sliding table capable of moving along the Z-axis, the sliding table is provided with a stand column capable of moving along the X-axis, and the stand column is provided with a machining spindle capable of moving along the Y-axis.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
Different from a turning and milling composite machining center needing to be provided with an independent turning tool tower and a milling main shaft, the horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center provided by the invention has the advantages that the milling head and the turning tool are simultaneously arranged on the machining main shaft rotating around the A axis, the turning and milling functions are integrated on the same driving mechanism, the stability is high, the control is easy, the movement precision errors are not accumulated, and the machining precision of a workpiece is effectively ensured;
meanwhile, compared with a turning and milling composite machining center provided with an independent turning and milling cutter tower and a milling main shaft, the horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center provided by the invention has a more compact overall structure, improves a space utilization mode by enabling an A axis to be different from an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, is easier to maintain and lower in maintenance cost, and has the advantages of simpler overall structure, better stability, reduced occupied area and capability of effectively reducing production cost because an independent turning cutter tower is not needed;
the machining main shaft rotates around the A shaft, so that the axis of the cutter of the milling head is parallel to the axis of the replacement cutter, and convenience is brought to cutter changing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a horizontal five-axis milling composite machining center disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a horizontal five-axis milling composite machining center disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of a horizontal five-axis milling composite machining center disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an installation seat in a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a mounting seat in a horizontal five-axis turn-milling composite machining center disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of B-B in FIG. 6;
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a milling head and a turning mechanism mounted on a mounting seat in a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center;
FIG. 9 is a left side view of a mounting base mounting cutter head and turning mechanism in a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of a mounting base mounting cutter head and turning mechanism in a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a mounting base mounting milling head and turning mechanism in a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an excircle of a turning workpiece of a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an end face of a turned workpiece in a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center.
In the figure: 1. a milling head; 2. turning tools; 3. a workpiece; 4. a column; 41. a mounting surface; 51. a swinging seat; 52. a mounting base; 521. avoidance slope; 522. avoiding the conical surface; 523. a mounting inclined plane; 53. a turning tool mounting part; 6. a bed body; 7. a sliding table; 8. and a tool magazine.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment provides a horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center, as shown in fig. 1, including: a workpiece spindle for holding a workpiece 3;
A machining spindle for machining the workpiece 3;
the processing main shaft can linearly move along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions;
The processing main shaft can rotate around an A shaft, and the A shaft is not coaxial with the X shaft, the Y shaft and the Z shaft;
The milling head further comprises a tool magazine 8, wherein a replacement tool is arranged in the tool magazine 8, and the processing main shaft rotates around the A shaft, so that the axis of the tool of the milling head 1 is parallel to the axis of the replacement tool;
As shown in fig. 1, a milling head 1 and a turning tool 2 are arranged on the processing main shaft, and the processing main shaft rotates around the axis a to enable the milling head 1 or the turning tool 2 to respectively face the workpiece 3 and process the workpiece 3;
In this embodiment, the machining spindle rotates around the a axis to make the milling head 1 face the tool magazine 8, the tool magazine 8 is provided with a plurality of tool holders, the tool holders are provided with replacement tools, the axes of the tool holders are parallel to the Z axis, and the axes of the tool holders are parallel to the axes of the replacement tools;
Unlike the turning and milling composite machining center in which an independent turning tool tower and a milling spindle are required to be arranged, the horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center provided by the embodiment integrates turning and milling functions on the same driving mechanism by simultaneously arranging the milling head 1 and the turning tool 2 on the machining spindle rotating around the A axis, has high stability and easy control, ensures that the motion precision errors are not accumulated, and effectively ensures the machining precision of the workpiece 3;
Meanwhile, compared with a turning and milling composite machining center provided with an independent turning and milling cutter tower and a milling main shaft, the horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center provided by the embodiment has a more compact overall structure, and the space utilization mode is improved by enabling the A axis to be different from the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis, so that the maintenance of the machining main shaft rotating around the A axis is easier, the maintenance cost is lower, and the whole structure is simpler, the stability is better, the occupied area is reduced, and the production cost can be effectively reduced because an independent turning cutter tower is not needed;
the machining main shaft rotates around the A shaft, so that the axis of the cutter of the milling head is parallel to the axis of the replacement cutter, and convenience is brought to cutter changing;
The axis A is different from the axis X, the axis Y and the axis Z, when the processing main shaft rotates around the axis A, the turning tool 2 and the milling head 1 can rotate in a large range in a three-dimensional space, so that the interference of cutters is avoided when five-axis processing is performed.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 3, 10 and 11, the processing spindle includes two turning tools 2 disposed on two sides of the milling head 1, the direction of the tool of the milling head 1 is inclined toward the a axis, the direction of the tool of the turning tool 2 is inclined away from the a axis, and the directions of the two turning tools 2 are different;
through setting up lathe tool 2 that two directions are different to the excircle and the terminal surface of turning work piece 3 respectively, simultaneously, through making cutter direction of cutter head 1 and lathe tool 2 keep away from each other, avoid taking place to interfere.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 3, 12 and 13, when the plane where the axis of the milling head 1 and the axis a are located is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the machining spindle rotates around the axis a by a first set angle, so that one turning tool 2 is perpendicular to the axis C, and the machining spindle rotates around the axis a by a second set angle, so that the other turning tool 2 is parallel to the axis C;
In this embodiment, the first setting angle and the second setting angle are both 45 °;
When the outer circle of the workpiece 3 needs to be machined, the mounting seat 52 rotates by 45 degrees, so that a currently working tool is switched from the milling head 1 to a turning tool 2 for turning the outer circle of the workpiece 3, as shown in fig. 12, at the moment, the turning tool 2 for turning the outer circle of the workpiece 3 is perpendicular to the Z axis, and a workpiece main shaft clamped with the workpiece 3 rotates, so that the turning of the outer circle of the workpiece 3 is realized;
When the end face of the workpiece 3 needs to be machined, the mounting seat 52 reversely rotates by 45 degrees, so that the currently working tool is switched from the milling head 1 to the turning tool 2 for turning the end face of the workpiece 3, as shown in fig. 13, at the moment, the turning tool 2 for turning the end face of the workpiece 3 is parallel to the Z axis, and the workpiece spindle clamped with the workpiece 3 rotates, so that the turning of the end face of the workpiece 3 is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the a axis is parallel to the horizontal plane, perpendicular to the Y axis, and has an included angle of 45 ° with the X axis;
In this embodiment, the axis a is perpendicular to the axis Y and parallel to the horizontal plane, specifically, the axis a faces the workpiece to be machined, the milling head 1 and the turning tool 2 have a certain included angle with the axis a, the included angle ranges from 30 ° to 60 °, and more preferably, the included angle is 45 °, when the machining spindle rotates, the turning tool 2 and the milling head 1 disposed on the machining spindle face the workpiece 3 more easily in the machining process, and the interference condition of non-machining tools can be avoided by rotation at a smaller angle; the A axis is parallel to the horizontal plane and perpendicular to the Y axis, so that five-axis machining control can be facilitated, RTCP precision compensation is facilitated, and machining precision is improved;
meanwhile, through the arrangement that the included angle between the A axis and the X axis is 45 degrees, the components of the length of the machining main shaft in the directions of the X axis and the Z axis are consistent, the components in a certain axial direction are avoided to be larger, the size in the axial direction is increased, the machine tool structure is balanced, the weight distribution of the machine tool is uniform, and the improvement of the machining precision of the machine tool is facilitated.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in connection with fig. 1,2,3 and 4, the device further comprises a column 4;
The upright 4 is provided with a mounting surface 41 for mounting the processing main shaft, and the mounting surface 41 is parallel to the Y axis and the A axis and is not perpendicular to the X axis and the Z axis;
The mounting surface 41 provides a reliable mounting base for the machining spindle, ensuring positional accuracy of the machining spindle.
In a specific embodiment, the processing spindle comprises a swinging seat 51 and a swinging motor arranged in the swinging seat 51, and the milling head 1 and the turning tool 2 realize rotation around an axis A through the swinging motor.
In a specific embodiment, the machining spindle comprises a mounting seat 52 capable of rotating around an axis a, the mounting seat 52 is provided with the milling head 1 and the turning tool 2, the axis of the cutter of the milling head 1 intersects with the axis a, the output shaft of the swing motor is fixedly provided with the mounting seat 52, and the swing motor can drive the mounting seat 52 to rotate around the axis a;
the cutter axis of the milling head 1 is intersected with the A shaft, so that the cutter axis of the milling head 1 and the axis of the A shaft are in the same plane, a numerical control program of the milling head 1 and the A shaft does not need to increase a compensation value, and the control of a machining center is facilitated.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, 5, 6,7, 8 and 9, the mounting seat 52 is provided with an avoidance slope 521, an avoidance cone 522 and a mounting slope 523, the avoidance slope 521 is opposite to the mounting slope 523, the avoidance cone 522 is disposed between the avoidance slope 521 and the mounting slope 523, the milling head 1 is mounted on the mounting slope 523, and an included angle between the mounting slope 523 and the a axis is 45 °;
the included angle between the milling head 1 and the axis A mounted on the mounting inclined plane 523 is 45 degrees, so that the machining range of the milling head 1 is effectively enlarged, meanwhile, the machining main shaft rotates around the axis A, the included angle between the axis A and the axis X is 45 degrees, the included angle between the milling head 1 and the axis A on the mounting inclined plane 523 is 45 degrees, and the machining main shaft can realize the vertical/parallel of the milling head 1 and the axis Z only by rotating due to the design of double 45 degrees, so that the numerical control program of milling excircle and end face is simplified, and the control of a machining center is facilitated;
dodge inclined plane 521 and dodge conical surface 522 have reduced the interference zone of mount pad 52 during operation for the movable area of processing main shaft increases, makes cutter head 1 and lathe tool 2 can cover work piece 3 surface better, has increased machining center's workable area, can adapt more specification work piece 3 better.
In a specific embodiment, a turning tool mounting portion 53 is disposed on a side of the avoidance conical surface 522, which is close to the mounting inclined surface 523, the turning tool mounting portion 53 protrudes away from the a axis direction, a turning tool mounting surface for mounting a turning mechanism is disposed on the turning tool mounting portion 53, and an included angle between the turning tool mounting surface and the a axis is 45 °;
In this embodiment, the turning mechanism includes lathe tool 2 and the lathe tool seat of fixed lathe tool 2, and the lathe tool seat is fixed on the lathe tool installation face, install the contained angle between lathe tool 2 and the A axle on the lathe tool installation face is 45, has effectively enlarged the processing scope of lathe tool 2, and simultaneously, processing main shaft rotates around the A axle, and the contained angle of A axle and X axle is 45, and the contained angle between lathe tool 2 and the A axle on the lathe tool installation face is 45, and the design of two 45 degrees angles makes the processing main shaft only need through rotatory, can realize the perpendicular/parallel of lathe tool 2 and Z axle, has simplified the numerical control procedure of turning excircle and terminal surface, the control of machining center of being convenient for.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1,2, 3 and 4, the workpiece spindle machine further comprises a machine tool body 6, the machine tool body 6 is provided with the workpiece spindle along the Z-axis direction, one side of the workpiece spindle is provided with a sliding table 7 capable of moving along the Z-axis, the sliding table 7 is provided with a stand column 4 capable of moving along the X-axis, and the stand column 4 is provided with the processing spindle capable of moving along the Y-axis;
in this embodiment, the tool magazine 8 is disposed on the tool bed 6, and the machining spindle can move along the Z axis to approach or separate from the tool magazine 8;
The machine tool body 6 is provided with a Z-axis guide rail parallel to a workpiece spindle, the sliding table 7 is arranged on the Z-axis guide rail, the sliding table 7 is provided with an X-axis guide rail, the stand column 4 is provided with a mounting surface 41, the mounting surface 41 is provided with a Y-axis guide rail, the mounting surface 41 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the included angles between the mounting surface 41 and the X-axis and the Z-axis are 45 degrees, the Y-axis guide rail is provided with a swinging seat 51, a swinging motor is arranged in the swinging seat 51, the mounting seat 52 is driven to enable the milling head 1 and the turning tool 2 to rotate, the tool axis of the milling head 1 is parallel to the Z-axis, one end of the Z-axis guide rail is provided with a tool magazine 8, the sliding table 7 moves to the tool magazine 8 along the Z-axis, the machining spindle moves on the stand column 4 along the Y-axis to adjust the height of the milling head 1, and is aligned with a tool holder of the tool magazine 8, so that tool changing is realized;
The processing main shaft rotates around the A axis, the included angle between the A axis and the X axis is 45 degrees, the included angle between the milling head 1 on the installation inclined plane 523 and the A axis is 45 degrees, and the two 45-degree angles enable the processing main shaft to be parallel to the Z axis only by rotating, so that numerical control programming of tool changing is simple, and the control of a processing center is convenient.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center, which is characterized by comprising: a workpiece spindle for clamping a workpiece (3);
A machining spindle for machining the workpiece (3);
the processing main shaft can linearly move along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions;
The machining spindle can rotate around an A axis, the A axis is different from the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis, the A axis is parallel to a horizontal plane and perpendicular to the Y axis, and an included angle between the A axis and the X axis is 45 degrees;
the milling head (1) and the turning tool (2) are arranged on the processing main shaft, the processing main shaft rotates around the A shaft, so that the milling head (1) or the turning tool (2) respectively faces the workpiece (3), and the workpiece (3) is processed;
The milling head also comprises a tool magazine (8), wherein a replacement tool is arranged in the tool magazine (8), and the processing main shaft rotates around the A shaft, so that the axis of the tool of the milling head (1) is parallel to the axis of the replacement tool;
the device also comprises a column (4);
The upright post (4) is provided with a mounting surface (41) for mounting the processing main shaft, and the mounting surface (41) is parallel to the Y axis and the A axis at the same time and is not perpendicular to the X axis and the Z axis;
The machining spindle comprises a mounting seat (52) capable of rotating around the A shaft, the mounting seat (52) is provided with the milling head (1) and the turning tool (2), and the cutter axis of the milling head (1) is intersected with the A shaft;
The milling head is characterized in that the mounting seat (52) is provided with an avoidance inclined surface (521), an avoidance conical surface (522) and a mounting inclined surface (523), the avoidance inclined surface (521) and the mounting inclined surface (523) are oppositely arranged, the avoidance conical surface (522) is arranged between the avoidance inclined surface (521) and the mounting inclined surface (523), the milling head (1) is mounted on the mounting inclined surface (523), and an included angle between the mounting inclined surface (523) and the A axis is 45 degrees;
One side of the avoidance conical surface (522) close to the installation inclined surface (523) is provided with a turning tool installation part (53), the turning tool installation part (53) protrudes towards the direction away from the A axis, the turning tool installation part (53) is provided with a turning tool installation surface for installing a turning mechanism, and an included angle between the turning tool installation surface and the A axis is 45 degrees.
2. The horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center according to claim 1, wherein the machining main shaft comprises two turning tools (2) arranged on two sides of the milling head (1), the tool direction of the milling head (1) is inclined towards the A axis, the tool direction of the turning tools (2) is inclined away from the A axis, and the directions of the two turning tools (2) are different.
3. The horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center according to claim 2, wherein when a plane where a cutter axis of the milling head (1) and the axis a are located is perpendicular to a horizontal plane, a machining spindle rotates a first set angle around the axis a, so that one turning tool (2) is perpendicular to the axis C, and the machining spindle rotates a second set angle around the axis a, so that the other turning tool (2) is parallel to the axis C.
4. The horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center according to claim 1, wherein the machining main shaft comprises a swinging seat (51) and a swinging motor arranged in the swinging seat (51), and the milling head (1) and the turning tool (2) rotate around the A axis through the swinging motor.
5. The horizontal five-axis turning and milling composite machining center according to claim 1, further comprising a lathe bed (6), wherein the lathe bed (6) is provided with a workpiece spindle along the Z-axis direction, one side of the workpiece spindle is provided with a sliding table (7) capable of moving along the Z-axis, the sliding table (7) is provided with a stand column (4) capable of moving along the X-axis, and the stand column (4) is provided with a machining spindle capable of moving along the Y-axis.
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| CN117884956A (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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