CN117835211A

CN117835211A - Method and apparatus for bypass communication

Info

Publication number: CN117835211A
Application number: CN202211380078.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周淼; 孙霏菲; 吴敏
Original assignee: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-28
Filing date: 2022-11-04
Publication date: 2024-04-05

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for bypass communication, the method comprising: if a bypass signal and/or channel is transmitted, performing a contention window adjustment procedure based on at least one of: transmission type, hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgement HARQ-ACK type, whether the bypass signal and/or channel enables HARQ-ACK feedback, HARQ-ACK status corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel, and bypass measurement; based on the contention window, a channel access procedure is performed.

Description

Method and apparatus for bypass communication

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for bypass communication.

Background

In order to meet the increasing demand for wireless data communication services since the deployment of 4G communication systems, efforts have been made to develop improved 5G or quasi 5G communication systems. Therefore, a 5G or quasi 5G communication system is also referred to as a "super 4G network" or a "LTE-after-system".

The 5G communication system is implemented in a higher frequency (millimeter wave) band, for example, a 60GHz band, to achieve a higher data rate. In order to reduce propagation loss of radio waves and increase transmission distance, beamforming, massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, massive antenna techniques are discussed in 5G communication systems.

Further, in the 5G communication system, development of system network improvement is being performed based on advanced small cells, cloud Radio Access Networks (RANs), ultra dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, mobile networks, cooperative communication, cooperative multipoint (CoMP), receiving-end interference cancellation, and the like.

In 5G systems, hybrid FSK and QAM modulation (FQAM) and Sliding Window Superposition Coding (SWSC) as Advanced Code Modulation (ACM), and Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) as advanced access technologies have been developed.

Disclosure of Invention

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method performed by a user equipment UE, comprising: if a bypass signal and/or channel is transmitted, performing a contention window adjustment procedure based on at least one of: a transmission type, a hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgement, HARQ-ACK, type, whether the bypass signal and/or channel enables HARQ-ACK feedback, HARQ-ACK status corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel, and bypass measurement; and executing a channel access process based on the contention window.

In some embodiments, the at least one item of information further comprises at least one of: priority of bypass signal and/or channel; the UE sends HARQ-ACK states to other UEs; whether transmissions of other UEs enable HARQ-ACK feedback.

In some implementations, performing the contention window adjustment procedure includes: determining a HARQ-ACK status corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel based on at least one of a transmission type, a HARQ-ACK type, whether the bypass signal and/or channel enables HARQ-ACK feedback, and a received status of a HARQ-ACK feedback indication corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel; the contention window adjustment procedure is performed based on HARQ-ACK states corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel.

In some embodiments, determining the HARQ-ACK state corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel comprises at least one of: if the transmission type is broadcast, and/or if the transmission of the bypass signal and/or channel does not enable HARQ-ACK feedback, during the contention window adjustment, the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission is set to ACK, or to NACK, or the transmission is ignored,

if the transmission type is multicast, and/or if the transmission of the bypass signal and/or channel enables a multicast HARQ-ACK type with feedback only NACK, setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to NACK when a NACK corresponding to the transmission is received, otherwise setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to ACK,

If the transmission type is multicast, and/or if the transmission of the bypass signal and/or channel enables a multicast HARQ-ACK type feeding back ACKs and NACKs, for at least one transmission and/or retransmission of the bypass signal and/or channel, setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to ACK when at least one ACK corresponding to the transmission is received or when the number of ACKs received corresponding to the transmission exceeds a given threshold, otherwise setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to NACK,

if the transmission type is multicast, and/or if the transmission of the bypass signal and/or channel enables a multicast HARQ-ACK type feeding back ACKs and NACKs, for any transmission and/or retransmission of the bypass signal and/or channel, setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to ACK when at least one ACK corresponding to the transmission is received or when the number of ACKs received corresponding to the transmission exceeds a given threshold, otherwise setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to NACK,

setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to ACK when all ACKs corresponding to the transmission are received for at least one transmission and/or retransmission of the bypass signal and/or channel if the transmission type is multicast and/or if the transmission of the bypass signal and/or channel enables a multicast HARQ-ACK type feeding back ACKs and NACK, otherwise setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to NACK, and

If the transmission type is multicast and/or if the transmission of the bypass signal and/or channel enables a multicast HARQ-ACK type feeding back an ACK and a NACK, for any transmission and/or retransmission of the bypass signal and/or channel, setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to ACK when all ACKs corresponding to the transmission are received, otherwise setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to NACK.

In some implementations, performing the contention window adjustment procedure includes performing at least one of: adjusting contention window parameters CW _P Is set to an initial value of (1); adjusting contention window parameters CW _P The amplitude of the adjustment; adjusting contention window parameters CW _P The number of times the maximum value is continuously maintained; and determining to adjust the contention window corresponding to the specific channel access priority class CAPC.

In some embodiments, further comprising: acquiring configuration information including contention window parameters CW _P At least two values of the related information; and determining a value from the at least two values based on the at least one item of information.

In some embodiments, the contention window parameter CW _P The related information includes at least one of: the contention window parameter CW _P Is the minimum of (2); the contention window parameter CW _P Is the most significant of (3)A large value; the contention window parameter CW _P Is a set of values of (a); the contention window parameter CW _P Is set to an initial value of (1); the contention window parameter CW _P The amplitude of the adjustment; the contention window parameter CW _P The number of times the maximum value is continuously maintained; at least one channel access priority class CAPC corresponds to the contention window.

In some embodiments, the performing the contention window adjustment procedure based on HARQ-ACK states corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel includes: the contention window adjustment procedure is performed according to the proportion and/or number of specific HARQ-ACK states and/or the number of consecutive specific HARQ-ACK states within a specific time range.

In some embodiments, performing the contention window adjustment procedure based on the HARQ-ACK status sent by the UE to other UEs and/or whether HARQ-ACK feedback is enabled by transmissions of other UEs includes: the HARQ-ACK status that need not be transmitted is ignored in the contention window adjustment procedure, and/or the contention window adjustment procedure is performed based on information whether transmissions from other UEs were successfully received.

In some implementations, performing the contention window adjustment procedure based on the bypass measurement includes: based on the comparison of the bypass measurement with the threshold, it is determined whether or how to adjust the contention window.

In some implementations, performing the contention window adjustment procedure includes at least one of: determining a CAPC of the bypass signal and/or the channel based on the at least one item of information corresponding to the bypass signal and/or the channel, and determining or adjusting a contention window corresponding to the CAPC; determining a CAPC of the bypass signal and/or channel based on the at least one item of information, determining or adjusting the contention window based on the determined CAPC and/or based on the at least one item of information corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method performed by a first user equipment UE, comprising: receiving signaling from the second UE, wherein the signaling comprises relevant information about CO occupied by a channel shared by the second UE to the first UE; and transmitting at least one of a physical bypass feedback channel PSFCH, a physical bypass control channel PSCCH, and a physical bypass shared channel PSSCH over the CO based on the correlation information; or transmitting at least one channel of a multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or pscsch over CO; wherein the related information includes at least one of: indicating a type of signal and/or channel that the second UE is capable of transmitting on the CO; indicating whether the second UE can transmit to other UE on the CO; indicating whether a second UE is capable of transmitting a particular transmission type on the CO; a method of instructing a second UE to transmit multicast and/or broadcast on the CO; indicating that the CO is a CO initialized by a second UE; indicating that the CO is a CO that the second UE is shared; information indicating whether a first UE receiving the signaling is capable of transmitting HARQ-ACKs on the CO; and information indicating whether a third UE receiving the at least one channel from the first UE is capable of transmitting HARQ-ACKs on the CO.

In some embodiments, the transmitting at least one channel of the multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or pscsch over CO comprises at least one of:

transmitting the multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or PSSCH on the CO if the transmission does not enable HARQ-ACK feedback or the transmission type of the transmission is broadcast, otherwise failing to transmit the multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or PSSCH on the CO,

enabling transmission of the multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or PSSCH on the CO if the transmission enables a specific HARQ-ACK feedback type, otherwise disabling transmission of the multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or PSSCH on the CO, an

If the at least one channel is transmitted on the CO and the transmission enables HARQ-ACK feedback, HARQ-ACK feedback transmitted on the CO from a second UE is expected to be received and HARQ-ACK feedback transmitted on the CO from other UEs is not expected to be received.

In some embodiments, further comprising: if the transmission starts the multicast HARQ-ACK feedback type which only feeds back NACK, if NACK from a second UE is received, the HARQ-ACK state corresponding to the transmission is NACK, otherwise, the HARQ-ACK state corresponding to the transmission is ACK;

If the transmission starts the feedback type of the multicast HARQ-ACK for feeding back ACK and NACK, if the ACK from the second UE is received, the HARQ-ACK state corresponding to the transmission is ACK, otherwise, the HARQ-ACK state corresponding to the transmission is NACK.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method performed by a second user equipment UE, comprising: initializing a channel to occupy CO; and sending signaling to the first UE, wherein the signaling includes related information about CO occupied by a channel shared by the second UE to the first UE, and the related information includes at least one of the following: indicating a type of signal and/or channel that the second UE is capable of transmitting on the CO; indicating whether the second UE can transmit to other UE on the CO; indicating whether a second UE is capable of transmitting a particular transmission type on the CO; a method of instructing a second UE to transmit multicast and/or broadcast on the CO; indicating that the CO is a CO initialized by a second UE; indicating that the CO is a CO that the second UE is shared; information indicating whether the UE receiving the signaling is capable of transmitting HARQ-ACK on the CO; information indicating whether a third UE receiving at least one channel of the physical bypass feedback channel PSFCH, physical bypass control channel PSCCH, and physical bypass shared channel PSSCH from the first UE is capable of transmitting HARQ-ACK on the CO; and information indicating whether a third UE receiving at least one channel of a multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or pscsch from the first UE is capable of transmitting HARQ-ACKs on the CO.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method performed by a user equipment UE, comprising: acquiring a configuration of a positioning reference signal for bypass SL; and based on the configuration of the positioning reference signal for SL, performing at least one of: measuring the channel congestion rate CBR, determining the channel occupancy rate CR, suspending the transmission based on the upper CR limit.

In some embodiments, measuring CBR comprises measuring at least one of:

a first CBR corresponding to the proportion of sub-channels in the resource pool, within the CBR measurement window, on which the reference signal received power RSRP and/or the received signal strength indication RSSI for the positioning reference signal of the SL exceeds a configured threshold,

a second CBR corresponding to the proportion of sub-channels in the resource pool over which the RSSI exceeds the configured threshold within the CBR measurement window,

a third CBR corresponding to the proportion of sub-channels in the first set of resources over which the RSRP and/or RSSI of the positioning reference signal for SL exceeds a configured threshold within the CBR measurement window,

a fourth CBR corresponding to the proportion of sub-channels on which the RSRP and/or RSSI of the physical bypass control channel PSCCH and/or physical bypass shared channel PSSCH exceeds the configured threshold in the second set of resources within the CBR measurement window, an

And a fifth CBR corresponding to a value calculated based on at least one of the second CBR, the third CBR, and the fourth CBR.

In some embodiments, the CBR measurement window is determined based on a positioning reference signal measurement window for positioning.

In some embodiments, if the measured CBR includes more than one of the first CBR, the second CBR, the third CBR, the fourth CBR, and the fifth CBR, the measured CBR is determined to be at least one of: a maximum of the more than one CBR, a minimum of the more than one CBR, and a CBR derived based on the more than one CBR.

In some implementations, suspending transmissions based on the CR upper limit includes at least one of:

by suspending transmission of at least one of the positioning reference signal for SL, the physical bypass control channel PSCCH and the physical bypass shared channel PSCCH such that the CR corresponding to all transmissions of the positioning reference signal for SL, the PSCCH and the PSCCH does not exceed the CR upper limit,

if the first CR upper limit corresponds to CBR based on positioning reference signal measurement for SL, causing the first CR corresponding to positioning reference signal transmission for SL by suspending transmission of positioning reference signals for SL to not exceed the first CR upper limit, and

If the second CR upper limit corresponds to a CBR based on PSCCH and/or PSSCH measurement, the second CR corresponding to positioning reference signal transmission for SL by suspending transmission of PSCCH and/or PSSCH does not exceed the second CR upper limit.

In some embodiments, suspending transmissions based on the CR upper limit comprises suspending transmissions based on priority, the suspending transmissions based on priority comprising at least one of:

based on the priority of the transmission of at least one of the positioning reference signal for SL, the physical bypass control channel PSCCH and the physical bypass shared channel pscsch, prioritizing the lower priority transmissions to meet the upper CR limit, and

based on predetermined and/or configured criteria, it is determined to prioritize the suspension of transmission of positioning reference signals for the SL and/or to prioritize the suspension of transmission of PSCCH and/or PSSCH.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a user equipment UE, including: a transceiver configured to transmit and receive signals; a controller is coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform the aforementioned method.

The invention provides a method for adjusting a contention window based on HARQ-ACK feedback information, which can enable UE to judge the channel state more accurately based on HARQ-ACK and adjust the length of the contention window on the basis so as to occupy the channel more reliably.

The invention also provides a transmission method after the signal of bypass communication is introduced into the positioning reference signal for SL, so that the transmission control based on CBR measurement in bypass communication can be used for the positioning reference signal for SL.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description relate only to some embodiments of the present disclosure, not to limit the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

fig. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example wireless network, according to various embodiments of the disclosure;

fig. 2a and 2b illustrate example wireless transmit and receive paths according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 3a illustrates an example User Equipment (UE) in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3b illustrates an example gNB, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart of a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 illustrates another flow chart of a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 illustrates another flow chart of a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 illustrates another flow chart of a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; and is also provided with

Fig. 8 illustrates a block diagram of a configuration of a UE in accordance with various embodiments of the disclosure.

Detailed Description

The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the various embodiments of the present disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. The description includes various specific details to facilitate understanding but should be considered exemplary only. Accordingly, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the various embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.

The terms and phrases used in the following specification and claims are not limited to their dictionary meanings, but are used only by the inventors to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the disclosure. Accordingly, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following descriptions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

It should be understood that the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a component surface" includes reference to one or more such surfaces.

The terms "comprises" or "comprising" may refer to the presence of a corresponding disclosed function, operation or component that may be used in various embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than to the presence of one or more additional functions, operations or features. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" or "comprising" may be interpreted as referring to certain features, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof, but should not be interpreted as excluding the existence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

The term "or" as used in the various embodiments of the present disclosure includes any listed term and all combinations thereof. For example, "a or B" may include a, may include B, or may include both a and B.

Unless defined differently, all terms (including technical or scientific terms) used in this disclosure have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The general terms as defined in the dictionary are to be construed to have meanings consistent with the context in the relevant technical field, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner unless expressly so defined in the present disclosure.

Fig. 1 illustrates an example wireless network 100 in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the wireless network 100 shown in fig. 1 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 can be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

The wireless network 100 includes a gndeb (gNB) 101, a gNB 102, and a gNB 103.gNB 101 communicates with gNB 102 and gNB 103. The gNB 101 is also in communication with at least one Internet Protocol (IP) network 130, such as the Internet, a private IP network, or other data network.

Other well-known terms, such as "base station" or "access point", can be used instead of "gnob" or "gNB", depending on the network type. For convenience, the terms "gNodeB" and "gNB" are used in this patent document to refer to the network infrastructure components that provide wireless access for remote terminals. Also, other well-known terms, such as "mobile station", "subscriber station", "remote terminal", "wireless terminal" or "user equipment", can be used instead of "user equipment" or "UE", depending on the type of network. For convenience, the terms "user equipment" and "UE" are used in this patent document to refer to a remote wireless device that wirelessly accesses the gNB, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smart phone) or a fixed device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine) as is commonly considered.

The gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to the network 130 for a first plurality of User Equipment (UEs) within the coverage area 120 of the gNB 102. The first plurality of UEs includes: UE 111, which may be located in a Small Business (SB); UE 112, which may be located in enterprise (E); UE 113, may be located in a WiFi Hotspot (HS); UE 114, which may be located in a first home (R); UE 115, which may be located in a second home (R); UE 116 may be a mobile device (M) such as a cellular telephone, wireless laptop, wireless PDA, etc. The gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to the network 130 for a second plurality of UEs within the coverage area 125 of the gNB 103. The second plurality of UEs includes UE 115 and UE 116. In some embodiments, one or more of the gNBs 101-103 are capable of communicating with each other and with UEs 111-116 using 5G, long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-A, wiMAX, or other advanced wireless communication technology.

The dashed lines illustrate the approximate extent of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for illustration and explanation purposes only. It should be clearly understood that coverage areas associated with the gnbs, such as coverage areas 120 and 125, can have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending on the configuration of the gnbs and the variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstructions.

As described in more detail below, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 includes a 2D antenna array as described in embodiments of the disclosure. In some embodiments, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 support codebook designs and structures for systems with 2D antenna arrays.

Although fig. 1 shows one example of a wireless network 100, various changes can be made to fig. 1. For example, the wireless network 100 can include any number of gnbs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Also, the gNB 101 is capable of communicating directly with any number of UEs and providing those UEs with wireless broadband access to the network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 is capable of communicating directly with the network 130 and providing direct wireless broadband access to the network 130 to the UE. Furthermore, the gnbs 101, 102, and/or 103 can provide access to other or additional external networks (such as external telephone networks or other types of data networks).

Fig. 2a and 2b illustrate example wireless transmit and receive paths according to this disclosure. In the following description, transmit path 200 can be described as implemented in a gNB (such as gNB 102), while receive path 250 can be described as implemented in a UE (such as UE 116). However, it should be understood that the receive path 250 can be implemented in the gNB and the transmit path 200 can be implemented in the UE. In some embodiments, receive path 250 is configured to support codebook designs and structures for systems with 2D antenna arrays as described in embodiments of the present disclosure.

The transmit path 200 includes a channel coding and modulation block 205, a serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 210, an inverse N-point fast fourier transform (IFFT) block 215, a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block 220, an add cyclic prefix block 225, and an up-converter (UC) 230. The receive path 250 includes a down-converter (DC) 255, a remove cyclic prefix block 260, a serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 265, an N-point Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) block 270, a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block 275, and a channel decoding and demodulation block 280.

In transmit path 200, a channel coding and modulation block 205 receives a set of information bits, applies coding, such as Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) coding, and modulates input bits, such as with Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), to generate a sequence of frequency domain modulation symbols. A serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 210 converts (such as demultiplexes) the serial modulation symbols into parallel data to generate N parallel symbol streams, where N is the number of IFFT/FFT points used in the gNB 102 and UE 116. The N-point IFFT block 215 performs an IFFT operation on the N parallel symbol streams to generate a time-domain output signal. Parallel-to-serial block 220 converts (such as multiplexes) the parallel time-domain output symbols from N-point IFFT block 215 to generate a serial time-domain signal. The add cyclic prefix block 225 inserts a cyclic prefix into the time domain signal. Up-converter 230 modulates (such as up-converts) the output of add cyclic prefix block 225 to an RF frequency for transmission via a wireless channel. The signal can also be filtered at baseband before being converted to RF frequency.

The RF signal transmitted from the gNB 102 reaches the UE 116 after passing through the wireless channel, and an operation inverse to that at the gNB 102 is performed at the UE 116. Down-converter 255 down-converts the received signal to baseband frequency and remove cyclic prefix block 260 removes the cyclic prefix to generate a serial time domain baseband signal. Serial-to-parallel block 265 converts the time-domain baseband signal to a parallel time-domain signal. The N-point FFT block 270 performs an FFT algorithm to generate N parallel frequency domain signals. Parallel-to-serial block 275 converts the parallel frequency domain signals into a sequence of modulated data symbols. The channel decoding and demodulation block 280 demodulates and decodes the modulation symbols to recover the original input data stream.

Each of the gnbs 101-103 may implement a transmit path 200 that is similar to transmitting to UEs 111-116 in the downlink and may implement a receive path 250 that is similar to receiving from UEs 111-116 in the uplink. Similarly, each of the UEs 111-116 may implement a transmit path 200 for transmitting to the gNBs 101-103 in the uplink and may implement a receive path 250 for receiving from the gNBs 101-103 in the downlink.

Each of the components in fig. 2a and 2b can be implemented using hardware alone, or using a combination of hardware and software/firmware. As a specific example, at least some of the components in fig. 2a and 2b may be implemented in software, while other components may be implemented by configurable hardware or a mixture of software and configurable hardware. For example, the FFT block 270 and IFFT block 215 may be implemented as configurable software algorithms, wherein the value of the point number N may be modified depending on the implementation.

Further, although described as using an FFT and an IFFT, this is illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Other types of transforms can be used, such as Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) functions. It should be appreciated that for DFT and IDFT functions, the value of the variable N may be any integer (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.), while for FFT and IFFT functions, the value of the variable N may be any integer that is a power of 2 (such as 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.).

Although fig. 2a and 2b show examples of wireless transmission and reception paths, various changes may be made to fig. 2a and 2 b. For example, the various components in fig. 2a and 2b can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added according to particular needs. Also, fig. 2a and 2b are intended to illustrate examples of the types of transmit and receive paths that can be used in a wireless network. Any other suitable architecture can be used to support wireless communications in a wireless network.

Fig. 3a shows an example UE 116 according to this disclosure. The embodiment of UE 116 shown in fig. 3a is for illustration only, and UEs 111-115 of fig. 1 can have the same or similar configuration. However, the UE has a variety of configurations, and fig. 3a does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular embodiment of the UE.

UE 116 includes an antenna 305, a Radio Frequency (RF) transceiver 310, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 315, a microphone 320, and Receive (RX) processing circuitry 325.UE 116 also includes speaker 330, processor/controller 340, input/output (I/O) interface 345, input device(s) 350, display 355, and memory 360. Memory 360 includes an Operating System (OS) 361 and one or more applications 362.

RF transceiver 310 receives an incoming RF signal from antenna 305 that is transmitted by the gNB of wireless network 100. The RF transceiver 310 down-converts the incoming RF signal to generate an Intermediate Frequency (IF) or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuit 325, where RX processing circuit 325 generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and/or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. The RX processing circuit 325 sends the processed baseband signals to a speaker 330 (such as for voice data) or to a processor/controller 340 (such as for web-browsing data) for further processing.

TX processing circuitry 315 receives analog or digital voice data from microphone 320 or other outgoing baseband data (such as network data, email, or interactive video game data) from processor/controller 340. TX processing circuitry 315 encodes, multiplexes, and/or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. RF transceiver 310 receives outgoing processed baseband or IF signals from TX processing circuitry 315 and up-converts the baseband or IF signals to RF signals for transmission via antenna 305.

Processor/controller 340 can include one or more processors or other processing devices and execute OS 361 stored in memory 360 to control the overall operation of UE 116. For example, processor/controller 340 may be capable of controlling the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by RF transceiver 310, RX processing circuit 325, and TX processing circuit 315 in accordance with well-known principles. In some embodiments, processor/controller 340 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

Processor/controller 340 is also capable of executing other processes and programs resident in memory 360, such as operations for channel quality measurement and reporting for systems having 2D antenna arrays as described in embodiments of the present disclosure. Processor/controller 340 is capable of moving data into and out of memory 360 as needed to perform the process. In some embodiments, the processor/controller 340 is configured to execute the application 362 based on the OS 361 or in response to a signal received from the gNB or operator. The processor/controller 340 is also coupled to an I/O interface 345, where the I/O interface 345 provides the UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices, such as laptop computers and handheld computers. I/O interface 345 is the communication path between these accessories and processor/controller 340.

The processor/controller 340 is also coupled to an input device(s) 350 and a display 355. An operator of UE 116 can input data into UE 116 using input device(s) 350. Display 355 may be a liquid crystal display or other display capable of presenting text and/or at least limited graphics (such as from a website). Memory 360 is coupled to processor/controller 340. A portion of memory 360 can include Random Access Memory (RAM) and another portion of memory 360 can include flash memory or other Read Only Memory (ROM).

Although fig. 3a shows one example of UE 116, various changes can be made to fig. 3 a. For example, the various components in FIG. 3a can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added according to particular needs. As a particular example, the processor/controller 340 can be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs) and one or more Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Moreover, although fig. 3a shows the UE 116 configured as a mobile phone or smart phone, the UE can be configured to operate as other types of mobile or stationary devices.

Fig. 3b shows an example gNB 102 in accordance with the present disclosure. The embodiment of the gNB 102 shown in fig. 3b is for illustration only, and other gnbs of fig. 1 can have the same or similar configuration. However, the gNB has a variety of configurations, and fig. 3b does not limit the scope of the disclosure to any particular embodiment of the gNB. Note that gNB 101 and gNB 103 can include the same or similar structures as gNB 102.

As shown in fig. 3b, the gNB 102 includes a plurality of antennas 370a-370n, a plurality of RF transceivers 372a-372n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 374, and Receive (RX) processing circuitry 376. In certain embodiments, one or more of the plurality of antennas 370a-370n comprises a 2D antenna array. The gNB 102 also includes a controller/processor 378, a memory 380, and a backhaul or network interface 382.

The RF transceivers 372a-372n receive incoming RF signals, such as signals transmitted by UEs or other gnbs, from antennas 370a-370 n. The RF transceivers 372a-372n down-convert the incoming RF signals to generate IF or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuit 376, where RX processing circuit 376 generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and/or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. The RX processing circuit 376 sends the processed baseband signals to a controller/processor 378 for further processing.

TX processing circuitry 374 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, network data, email, or interactive video game data) from controller/processor 378. TX processing circuitry 374 encodes, multiplexes, and/or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. The RF transceivers 372a-372n receive the outgoing processed baseband or IF signals from the TX processing circuitry 374 and up-convert the baseband or IF signals to RF signals for transmission via the antennas 370a-370 n.

The controller/processor 378 can include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, controller/processor 378 may be capable of controlling the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of backward channel signals via RF transceivers 372a-372n, RX processing circuit 376, and TX processing circuit 374 in accordance with well-known principles. The controller/processor 378 is also capable of supporting additional functions, such as higher-level wireless communication functions. For example, the controller/processor 378 can perform a Blind Interference Sensing (BIS) process such as that performed by a BIS algorithm and decode the received signal from which the interference signal is subtracted. Controller/processor 378 may support any of a variety of other functions in gNB 102. In some embodiments, controller/processor 378 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

Controller/processor 378 is also capable of executing programs and other processes residing in memory 380, such as a basic OS. Controller/processor 378 is also capable of supporting channel quality measurements and reporting for systems having 2D antenna arrays as described in embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the controller/processor 378 supports communication between entities such as web RTCs. Controller/processor 378 is capable of moving data into and out of memory 380 as needed to perform the process.

The controller/processor 378 is also coupled to a backhaul or network interface 382. The backhaul or network interface 382 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems through a backhaul connection or through a network. The backhaul or network interface 382 can support communication through any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as one supporting 5G or new radio access technologies or NR, LTE, or LTE-a), the backhaul or network interface 382 can allow the gNB 102 to communicate with other gnbs over wired or wireless backhaul connections. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the backhaul or network interface 382 can allow the gNB 102 to communicate with a larger network (such as the internet) through a wired or wireless local area network or through a wired or wireless connection. The backhaul or network interface 382 includes any suitable structure, such as an ethernet or RF transceiver, that supports communication over a wired or wireless connection.

A memory 380 is coupled to the controller/processor 378. A portion of memory 380 can include RAM and another portion of memory 380 can include flash memory or other ROM. In some embodiments, a plurality of instructions, such as BIS algorithms, are stored in memory. The plurality of instructions are configured to cause the controller/processor 378 to perform a BIS process and decode the received signal after subtracting the at least one interfering signal determined by the BIS algorithm.

As described in more detail below, the transmit and receive paths of the gNB 102 (implemented using the RF transceivers 372a-372n, TX processing circuitry 374, and/or RX processing circuitry 376) support aggregated communications with FDD and TDD cells.

Although fig. 3b shows one example of the gNB 102, various changes may be made to fig. 3 b. For example, the gNB 102 can include any number of each of the components shown in FIG. 3 a. As a particular example, the access point can include a number of backhaul or network interfaces 382, and the controller/processor 378 can support routing functions to route data between different network addresses. As another particular example, while shown as including a single instance of TX processing circuitry 374 and a single instance of RX processing circuitry 376, the gNB 102 can include multiple instances of each (such as one for each RF transceiver).

In long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) technology, bypass communication includes two main mechanisms, namely direct communication from terminal to terminal (D2D) and vehicle-to-external communication (Vehicle to Vehicle/Infrastructure/Network, collectively abbreviated as V2X), where V2X is designed based on D2D technology, and is superior to D2D in terms of data rate, delay, reliability, link capacity, etc., and is the most representative bypass communication technology in LTE technology. In 5G systems, bypass communications currently include primarily vehicle-to-outside (V2X) communications.

The 5G NR system is used as an evolution technology of LTE, correspondingly further evolution of bypass communication is also included, NR V2X technology is formulated in release 16, and as an evolution version of LTE V2X technology, performances of all aspects of NR V2X are better represented. In release 17, the 5G NR system is expected to extend the application scenario of NR V2X further to a wider range of other application scenarios, such as commercial bypass communication and Public Safety (PS) scenarios. In release 18, the evolution of the bypass communication includes directions of unlicensed frequency bands, FR2, carrier aggregation, co-channel coexistence with LTE, and the like, and also includes support for technologies in other fields such as positioning.

In the embodiment of the application, the information of the base station configuration, the signaling indication, the high-level configuration and the pre-configuration comprises a group of configuration information; the UE selects one set of configuration information for use according to a predefined condition; also included is a set of configuration information comprising a plurality of subsets from which the UE selects one subset for use according to predefined conditions.

In the embodiment of the present application, the threshold value lower than the threshold value may be replaced with the threshold value lower than or equal to the threshold value, the threshold value higher than (exceeding) the threshold value may be replaced with the threshold value higher than or equal to the threshold value, and the threshold value lower than or equal to the threshold value may be replaced with the threshold value lower than or equal to the threshold value, and the threshold value higher than or equal to the threshold value may be replaced with the threshold value higher than or equal to the threshold value; and vice versa.

The part of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are specifically described based on the V2X system, but the application scenario of the technical solutions should not be limited to the V2X system in bypass communication, but may also be applied to other bypass transmission systems. For example, the V2X subchannel-based designs in the following embodiments may also be used for D2D subchannels or other bypass transmission subchannels. The V2X resource pool in the following embodiments may also be replaced with a D2D resource pool in other bypass transmission systems, such as D2D.

In the embodiment of the present application, when the bypass communication system is a V2X system, the terminal or UE may be a plurality of types of terminals or UEs such as a Vehicle, an Infrastructure, a Pedestrian, and the like.

The base station in the present specification may also be replaced with other nodes, such as a bypass node, a specific example being an roadside station (infrastructure) UE in a bypass system. Any mechanism applicable to a base station in this specification can be similarly used in a scenario where the base station is replaced with another bypass node, and the description will not be repeated.

The time slots in this specification may be replaced with time units, the candidate time slots may be replaced with candidate time units, and the candidate single-slot resources may be replaced with candidate single-time unit resources. The time unit comprises a certain length of time, e.g. a number of consecutive symbols.

In the present specification, a slot may be a physical subframe or a slot, or a logical subframe or a slot. Specifically, a subframe or a slot in a logical sense is a subframe or a slot corresponding to a resource pool of bypass communication. For example, in a V2X system, the resource pool is defined by a repeated bit map that maps to a specific set of slots, which may be all slots, or all other slots except for some specific slots (e.g., slots transmitting MIB (master information block, master Information Block)/SIB (system information block )). The time slot indicated as '1' in the bit map can be used for V2X transmission, and belongs to the time slot corresponding to the V2X resource pool; the time slot indicated as "0" is not available for V2X transmission and does not belong to the time slot corresponding to the V2X resource pool.

The distinction of subframes or slots in the physical or logical sense is described below by a typical application scenario: when calculating the time domain interval (gap) between two specific channels/messages, such as the physical bypass shared channel (PSSCH) carrying bypass data and the physical bypass feedback channel (PSFCH) carrying corresponding feedback information, it is assumed that the interval is N slots, and if a subframe or slot in physical sense is calculated, the N slots correspond to the absolute time length of n×x milliseconds in time domain, x is the time length of the physical slot (subframe) in numerology of the scene; otherwise, if a subframe or a slot in the logical sense is calculated, taking the bypass resource pool defined by the bitmap as an example, the interval of the N slots corresponds to N slots indicated as "1" in the bitmap, and the absolute time length of the interval varies according to the specific configuration situation of the bypass communication resource pool, and does not have a fixed value.

Further, the time slot in the present specification may be a complete time slot, or may be a plurality of symbols corresponding to the bypass communication in one time slot, for example, when the bypass communication is configured to be performed on the X1 th to X2 th symbols in each time slot, the time slot in the following embodiments is the X1 th to X2 th symbols in the time slot in this scenario; alternatively, when the bypass communication is configured as mini-slot (mini-slot) transmission, the slots in the following embodiments are mini-slots defined or configured in the bypass system, not slots in the NR system; alternatively, when bypass communication is configured for symbol-level transmission, the slots in the following embodiments may be replaced with symbols, or may be replaced with N symbols at the time domain granularity of symbol-level transmission.

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The text and drawings are provided as examples only to assist the reader in understanding the present disclosure. They are not intended, nor should they be construed, to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. While certain embodiments and examples have been provided, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure that variations can be made to the embodiments and examples shown without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

In bypass communication systems of wireless communication systems (e.g., LTE and NR), the bypass communication system is designed mainly based on the requirements of specific D2D and vehicle business scenarios, and the frequency band used is mainly focused on specific licensed frequency bands, such as ITS frequency band dedicated for vehicle traffic, and the like. With the development of 5G technology, the business model of bypass communication is increasing, so that it is required to enhance the bypass communication technology so that it can be applied to a wider application scenario, for example XR, IIoT, redCap, etc. For the traffic demands of some future application scenarios, the transmission rate, delay and reliability that can be achieved by the current bypass communication technology need to be further enhanced. One possible approach is to apply bypass communication to more frequency bands, such as unlicensed frequency bands, increase the transmission rate that can be supported by the bypass system and improve reliability in a manner that increases the bandwidth, and reduce the service transmission delay through high frequency communication. However, the current bypass communication systems do not address the possibility of bypass communication in the unlicensed band, nor do they introduce any enhancement mechanisms for the unlicensed band.

In a traditional wireless communication system, the positioning technology is mainly implemented based on the fact that the UE receives signals/channels for positioning from or transmits signals/channels for positioning to the base station, so that the positioning function of the UE depends on the distribution of the base station and the coverage condition of the network, the requirement on the cost of the network layout is high, for example, the positioning accuracy of the UE is poor when the network layout is sparse, and the positioning function is difficult to implement when the UE is out of the coverage range of a cell. Therefore, the bypass communication-based positioning technology is introduced, the applicable scene of the positioning technology can be effectively improved, and the positioning precision in most scenes is improved. However, current wireless communication systems do not support bypass-based positioning techniques.

In LTE bypass communication systems and release 16 NR V2X systems, the frequency domain resources used for bypass communication are typically located in an licensed frequency band, and it is generally assumed that there is substantially no interference from other communication systems outside (e.g., wiFi, bluetooth, etc.) in the frequency band. However, for the bypass communication system operating in the unlicensed band, interference of the bypass communication system by other communication systems needs to be considered on the unlicensed carrier, and interference of the bypass communication system by other communication systems needs to be limited according to regulations (regulation).

In the NR unlicensed (NR-U) systems of versions 15 and 16, listen before talk (listen before talk, LBT) is employed as one of the typical techniques on unlicensed bands, in which a special frame structure is defined for the NR communication system on unlicensed bands, which frame structure contains several intervals (gaps) for LBT. The UE and the base station need to perform LBT before performing uplink and downlink transmission, and can normally transmit various radio signals and/or channels only after the LBT passes. A method of using LBT technology for bypass communication systems is provided in this specification.

In a communication system over unlicensed frequency bands, channel occupation (channel occupancy, CO) refers to transmission on a corresponding channel after a base station/UE performs a channel access procedure, and channel occupation time (channel occupancy time, COT) refers to the total time of transmission on a corresponding channel after the base station/UE and the base station/UE sharing the channel occupation perform the channel access procedure. The base station and/or the bypass UE may each initialize a COT and share the COT to other base stations and/or the bypass UE. After initializing a COT or acquiring a COT shared by a base station/other node, the UE needs to determine the structure and location of bypass resources within the COT. In this specification, a specific method for determining the structure and location of bypass resources within the COT by the UE will be described.

In the NR Unlicensed (NR-U) technology, the structure of uplink/downlink resources in the COT may be embodied by uplink/downlink bursts (bursts), where the uplink/downlink bursts are a transmission set from a base station or UE, and there is no interval exceeding a specific length therebetween. Similar to the definition of uplink/downlink bursts in NR-U technology, the structure of bypass resources within the COT can also be embodied by bypass bursts, where a bypass burst is one set of transmissions from a UE, and there is no interval therebetween exceeding a certain length (e.g., 16 us). Optionally, only transmissions from the same UE are included in one burst; or, transmissions from the same or different UEs may be included within one burst. Optionally, only a specific one or more signals and/or channels are included in one burst; for example, only the physical bypass control channel (PSCCH) and/or PSSCH may be included in one burst, only the PSFCH may be included in another burst, or the PSCCH, PSSCH, and PSFCH may be included in one burst. Optionally, like discovery bursts in NR-U technology, the bypass synchronization signal, bypass synchronization channel, bypass reference signal (which may be a specific type of reference signal/a reference signal that meets specific conditions) corresponds to bypass discovery bursts instead of general bypass bursts.

In the bypass communication technology, from the perspective of resource allocation, two modes are included in the 5G bypass communication system: a resource allocation pattern based on base station scheduling and a resource allocation pattern autonomously selected by the UE. In the 5GV2X system, a resource allocation pattern based on base station scheduling and a resource allocation pattern autonomously selected by the UE are referred to as a pattern 1 and a pattern 2, respectively. For the resource allocation mode 2, the method for the bypass UE to autonomously select resources is that the UE keeps monitoring and buffering a bypass resource pool, before the bypass transmission needing to be sent, a channel sensing time window and a resource selection time window are determined according to the time range of the expected sending bypass transmission, channel sensing is carried out in the channel sensing time window, the bypass resources which are reserved by other bypass UEs are eliminated in the resource selection time window according to the channel sensing result, and the resources for the bypass transmission are randomly selected from the non-eliminated bypass resources in the resource selection time window. When the mechanism operates on the unlicensed band, the mechanism is affected by the characteristics of the unlicensed band, and the mechanism needs to be modified accordingly to adapt to uncertainty caused by the channel preemption mechanism based on COT sharing and LBT on the unlicensed band, and enable bypass communication on the unlicensed band to operate without violating regulation limits.

In this specification, the UE obtains a predefined/(pre) configuration parameter including at least one of obtaining from a higher layer, obtaining from a base station, and obtaining from other UEs. For example, the second UE indicates a parameter to the first UE through higher layer signaling and/or physical layer signaling, which in this specification may be understood as the first UE having acquired a configuration of the parameter from the second UE.

Fig. 4 illustrates a flow chart of a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

In some embodiments a method of adjusting a contention window (contention window, CW) for bypass communication over an unlicensed frequency band is provided.

On unlicensed bands, a UE or a base station cannot directly send a radio transmission, but needs to determine whether a channel is idle first and perform the radio transmission after occupying the idle channel. The operation of determining whether a channel is idle and occupying the channel may be implemented by the UE or the base station performing LBT. If a base station or UE needs to send a transmission, it is preceded byWhether the channel is IDLE or not is perceived for a period of time, and if so, the transmission may be sent. The length of the period of time may be based on the contention window parameter CW _p To determine, for example, that the contention window is CW in NR-U _min，p ≤CW _p ≤CW _max，p And the contention window may be adjusted based on a transmission state of the UE or the base station, e.g., a received hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK).

In this embodiment, the UE determines a contention window for pre-listen and post-listen (1isten before talk,LBT) before transmitting the bypass signal and/or channel, and/or determines whether and how to adjust the contention window; the UE performs LBT based on the contention window to acquire the channel to transmit the bypass signal and/or the channel.

Optionally, if the UE sends a bypass signal and/or channel including at least PSSCH and/or PSCCH, the UE maintains a contention window (e.g., maintains a contention window parameter CW _p ) And determining whether and/or how to cope with contention window or CW before proceeding with bypass channel access _p And (5) adjusting. Optionally, the UE maintains or determines (both are described below based on the determination, but may be replaced by maintaining) the contention window parameter CW based on the channel access priority class (channel access priority class, CAPC) associated with the PSSCH and/or PSCCH _p And/or determining whether and/or how to do CW _p And (5) adjusting.

For contention window parameter CW _p Is determined and for whether and/or how to do CW _p The determination of the adjustment may be considered as part of the contention window adjustment process. For example, the contention window adjustment procedure includes, for each CAPC, the UE determining the contention window parameter CW when a transmission corresponding to the CAPC is first sent _p The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And/or the contention window adjustment procedure includes, for each CAPC, the UE maintaining a CW corresponding to the CAPC _p The maintenance includes determining whether and/or how to perform CW _p And (5) adjusting.

Optionally, the UE determines whether and/or how to adjust the contention window and/or determines the contention window parameter CW based on at least one of _p The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Further comprising, the UE is based on at least one of the following and C-basedAPC, determining contention window parameter CW _p And/or determining whether and/or how to adjust the contention window:

transmission type (casttype), further comprising at least one of: unicast, multicast (groupcast), broadcast; optionally, the transmission type includes a transmission type of a transmission sent by the UE and/or a transmission type of a transmission received by the UE from other UEs;

the HARQ-ACK type, further comprising at least one of: the HARQ-ACK feedback is not started and is started; if the transmission type is multicast, the HARQ-ACK type further comprises at least one of the following: feedback only the multicast HARQ-ACK type of Negative Acknowledgement (NACK), feedback the multicast HARQ-ACK type of NACK and ACK; for example, the HARQ-ACK types include a multicast HARQ-ACK type with feedback NACK only enabled, a multicast HARQ-ACK type with feedback NACK and ACK enabled, and HARQ-ACK feedback not enabled; optionally, the transmission type includes a HARQ-ACK type of a transmission sent by the UE and/or a HARQ-ACK type of a transmission received by the UE from other UEs;

The HARQ-ACK status corresponding to the PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmission sent by the UE (e.g., the HARQ-ACK status fed back by other UEs to the UE after the UE sends the PSCCH and/or PSSCH to the other UEs) is determined to be either ACK or NACK; and/or, the HARQ-ACK status corresponding to PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmissions is determined to be ACK or NACK or DTX (the status indicating that no ACK and/or NACK was received); further, in a specific time range, the degree of HARQ-ACK status corresponding to PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmission transmitted by the UE, e.g., whether the number and/or proportion of HARQ-ACK status determined as ACK and/or NACK (or ACK and/or NACK and/or DTX) meets a predetermined/(pre) configured threshold range;

the HARQ-ACK status sent by the UE to the other UE (e.g., the HARQ-ACK status corresponding to PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmissions sent by the other UE to the UE) is set to ACK or NACK, or the transmissions of the other UE do not enable HARQ-ACK feedback; further, the degree of HARQ-ACK status corresponding to PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmissions from other UEs within a particular time range, e.g., whether the number and/or proportion of HARQ-ACK status determined as ACK and/or NACK (or ACK and/or NACK and/or DTX) meets a predetermined/(pre) configured threshold range;

Bypass measurements, such as measurements of channels, further include at least one of the following: reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), channel congestion rate (CBR); for example, determining whether to adjust the contention window and/or the method used in adjusting the contention window and/or the parameters of the adjustment based on whether the result of at least one of the above measurements meets a predetermined/configured threshold range; optionally, the measurement results for the channel comprise measurement results within a predetermined/(pre) configured time range, which may be determined based on the bypass signal and/or the channel and/or based on preset/(pre) configured information;

priority of traffic, including priority indicated by a priority field in bypass control information (sidelink control information, SCI); alternatively, the contention window adjustment based on the cap in the present specification may be replaced by a contention window adjustment based on priority, for example, for each cap/priority, the UE maintains its corresponding contention window parameter CW separately _p And/or determine whether and/or how to adjust the contention window.

Optionally, the above-mentioned transmissions sent by the UE (and/or received by the UE from other UEs) may be the same or different than the bypass signal and/or channel sent by the UE including at least PSCCH and/or PSSCH.

Optionally, the at least one item includes the at least one item for a given length of time and/or after last updating the contention window (including adjusting the contention window and/or maintaining the contention window and/or resetting the contention window). For example, at least one of a transmission type corresponding to PSCCH and/or psch transmitted by UE after last update contention window, a HARQ-ACK type corresponding to PSCCH and/or psch transmitted by UE, and a HARQ-ACK state corresponding to PSCCH and/or psch transmitted by UE.

Alternatively, the given length of time may be referred to as a reference duration (reference duration) that is determined based on the channel occupancy initialized or shared by the UE. Optionally, the reference duration corresponds to a channel occupancy, the channel occupancy being an occupancy of a channel initialized by the UE or shared by other UEs, and the channel occupancy including at least one of a transmission sent by the UE, a transmission received by the UE from other UEs, and a transmission used by the UE to maintain a contention window for bypass channel access. Optionally, the reference duration corresponding to the channel occupancy starts at a start position of the channel occupancy, ends at an end position of a transmission resource of at least one bypass signal and/or channel (which may be a specific type of bypass signal and/or channel, e.g. PSSCH) (further, may be an end position of a first time unit or a last time unit if the transmission resource comprises a plurality of time units, e.g. a plurality of time slots), and/or ends at an end position of a transmission resource of a cluster (burst) of at least one bypass signal and/or channel (which may be a specific type of bypass signal and/or channel, e.g. PSSCH) (further, may be an end position of a first time unit or a last time unit if the transmission resource comprises a plurality of time units, e.g. a plurality of time slots); for example, to an earlier position between the two. Wherein a cluster of bypass signals and/or channels may be one or more bypass signals and/or channels transmitted and/or received by the UE over a plurality of consecutive time units, e.g., a cluster of bypass signals and/or channels is a plurality of PSSCHs (and associated PSCCHs) transmitted by the UE over a selected plurality of consecutive time slots, further the plurality of PSSCHs may correspond to different data.

Optionally, the UE uses the HARQ-ACK status sent to other UEs for determining the contention window parameter CW _p And/or a method of determining whether and/or how to adjust the contention window may also include the UE ignoring HARQ-ACK status that is not needed to be sent (e.g., for transmissions that do not enable HARQ-ACK feedback) during the contention window adjustment process, and/or including information from other UEs whether transmissions were successfully received by the UE for determining the contention window parameter CW _p And/or determine whether and/or how to adjust the contention window. This is because the UE does not always feed back to the other U the HARQ-ACK status reflecting whether or not the transmission from the other UE was successfully receivedE, for example, for broadcast transmissions, transmissions with HARQ-ACK feedback disabled, successful reception of multicast HARQ-ACK type transmissions with feedback-only NACK enabled, etc., the UE will not send HARQ-ACK feedback; the information whether the transmission was successfully received can still feed back the interference situation on the channel, so that the information, although not actually transmitted, can be used to determine the contention window parameter CW _p And/or in determining whether and/or how to adjust the contention window.

Optionally, in the above method, the UE uses HARQ-ACK status corresponding to PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmission sent by the UE to determine the contention window parameter CW _p And/or determine whether and/or how to adjust the contention window. The method further comprises the steps of: the UE determines the HARQ-ACK status of the PSCCH and/or PSCCH transmission sent by the UE based on at least one of a transmission type, a HARQ-ACK type, and a status of a received HARQ-ACK feedback indication corresponding to the PSCCH and/or PSCCH transmission. Further, at least one of the following is included:

if the transmission type is broadcast and/or if the transmission does not enable HARQ-ACK feedback, setting the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission to ACK, NACK or ignoring the transmission in a contention window adjustment process;

if the transmission type is multicast and/or the transmission enables a multicast HARQ-ACK type with only NACK feedback, setting the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission as NACK when receiving NACK corresponding to the transmission in a contention window adjustment process, otherwise setting the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission as ACK;

if the transmission type is multicast and/or the transmission enables the multicast HARQ-ACK type of feedback ACKs and NACKs, setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to ACK during the contention window adjustment procedure, when all ACKs corresponding to the transmission are received (e.g., at least one ACK is received on each expected receiving end UE and/or at least one ACK is received on each expected PSFCH reception occasion in total), otherwise setting the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission to NACK; the method is similar to the method for determining the HARQ-ACK state when the HARQ-ACK feedback of the bypass transmission is reported to the base station through an uplink channel;

If the transmission type is multicast and/or the transmission enables a multicast HARQ-ACK type with feedback ACKs and NACKs, then in the contention window adjustment procedure, for any transmission and/or retransmission of the PSCCH and/or pscsch, the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission is set to ACK when all ACKs corresponding to the transmission are received (e.g., at least one ACK from each intended receiving UE is received in total), otherwise the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission is set to NACK. The difference between the method and the previous method is whether the ACK received in the retransmission is judged in an accumulated way. For example, for an intended receiving UE, for N transmissions/retransmissions of the PSCCH and/or pscsch in the above method, an ACK from the intended receiving UE may be considered received as long as there is at least one ACK in the corresponding N HARQ-ACK states; in this method, it is determined whether an ACK from each intended receiving end UE has been received for each transmission of the PSCCH and/or pscsch, respectively, irrespective of the previous reception situation. The method is because, when the purpose of determining the HARQ-ACK status of a transmission is to determine whether a PSCCH/psch needs to be retransmitted, for each intended receiving UE, it is not necessary to trigger retransmission for the UE as long as the UE successfully receives the PSCCH/psch at least once; however, when the purpose of determining the HARQ-ACK status of the transmission is to be used for contention window adjustment, the purpose of the HARQ-ACK status is to feed back the channel interference condition corresponding to the current transmission, so that although some intended receiving end UE has successfully received PSCCH/psch before, if the UE does not provide HARQ-ACK feedback of the PSCCH/psch of the current transmission, it is indicated that the UE may not successfully decode the bypass control information SCI of the current transmission, thereby indicating that there may be interference on the current channel. Therefore, the method of judging the HARQ-ACK state of each retransmission of PSCCH/PSSCH to adjust the contention window is gain for accurately judging the current channel interference condition;

If the transmission type is multicast and/or the transmission enables the multicast HARQ-ACK type of feedback ACK and NACK, setting the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission as ACK when at least one ACK corresponding to the transmission is received or when the number of received ACKs corresponding to the transmission exceeds a given threshold value for at least one transmission and/or retransmission of the PSCCH and/or PSSCH in the contention window adjustment process, otherwise setting the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission as NACK; the method is different from a method for determining the HARQ-ACK state when the HARQ-ACK feedback of bypass transmission is reported to a base station through an uplink channel, and the technical reason is mainly that the HARQ-ACK reported to the base station is used for determining whether the UE needs retransmission resources or not, so that as long as any receiving end UE does not send ACK, the sending end UE requests the resources to retransmit data for the receiving end UE, and the HARQ-ACK feedback is mainly used as reference information for judging whether the channel of an unlicensed frequency band is successfully accessed in the contention window adjustment process, when a certain number of ACKs are received, the sending end UE can consider that the channel access is successful, but partial UE feeds back NACK possibly due to other factors (such as collision in a bypass communication system and inaccurate transmission power control);

If the transmission type is multicast and/or the transmission enables the multicast HARQ-ACK type of feedback ACK and NACK, setting the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission as ACK when at least one ACK corresponding to the transmission is received or when the number of received ACKs corresponding to the transmission exceeds a given threshold value for any transmission and/or retransmission of the PSCCH and/or PSSCH in the contention window adjustment process, otherwise setting the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission as NACK; the difference between this method and the previous method is whether to cumulatively determine the ACK received in multiple retransmissions, similar to the technical difference between the other two previous methods.

Optionally, the UE determines the contention window parameter CW _p Comprising determining at least one of: CW (continuous wave) _p Minimum value of (2), CW _p Maximum value of (2), CW _p Is set of values, CW _p Initial values during contention window adjustment. Further, the method comprises at least one contention window parameter CW corresponding to the CAPC _p At least one of the foregoing.

Optionally, the UE determines how to adjust the contention window, including determining at least one of:

CW _p initial values during contention window adjustment; further, at least one ofCW corresponding to each CAPC _p Initial values in the contention window adjustment procedure (including first step in the contention window adjustment procedure to make CW _p Set to a value and/or an initial value adopted when a bypass signal and/or a channel corresponding to at least one CAPC is transmitted for the first time and/or CW _p Continuous K times equal to CW _p Maximum value CW of (2) _max，p Will CW at that time _p The value of (a) is reset to a specific value;

CW _p amplitude adjusted during contention window adjustment; further, at least one CW corresponding to the CAPC _p Amplitude adjusted during contention window adjustment; for example, UE pair performs CW _p Upon adjustment, based on CW _p Is to take CW value at present _p Is set to CW _p Next larger nth value in the set of values, the UE determining how to adjust the contention window includes determining the value of N (e.g., if the UE is for CW _p The UE determines to set its value to the next greater one, or the next greater second, or the next greater nth value); for another example, UE pair performs CW _p When in adjustment, the value of the contention window is increased by X, and the UE determines how to adjust the contention window and comprises the value of X;

in the contention window adjustment process, CW corresponding to which CAPCs _p Adjusting;

CW _p the number of times the maximum value is continuously maintained; for example, if (optionally, at least one CAPC corresponding) CW is in the contention window adjustment procedure _p Continuous K times equal to CW _p Maximum value CW of (2) _max，p Then (optionally) the CW corresponding to the at least one CAPC _p Is set to CW _p Minimum value CW of (2) _min，p ，CW _p The number of times the maximum value is continuously maintained is the value of K;

whether or not to CW _p Set to a specific value or whether CW is to be transmitted _p Set to the larger (or smaller) one of the particular value and the current value; wherein the specific value may be predetermined and/or (pre) configured, including predetermined and/or (pre) configured based on the priority of the CAPC and/or bypass signal and/or channel。

Optionally, if the UE determines how to adjust the contention window based at least on the HARQ-ACK status (including the HARQ-ACK status corresponding to the PSCCH and/or PSCCH transmission sent by the UE and/or the HARQ-ACK status sent by the UE to other UEs), the method further includes: determining the CW based on the proportion and/or number of specific HARQ-ACK states (e.g. ACK or NACK) within a certain time range and/or based on the number of times a specific HARQ-ACK state is continuously transmitted and/or received (e.g. the HARQ-ACK states of consecutive N PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmissions are NACK) _p Initial value, CW, in contention window adjustment procedure _p Amplitude adjusted in contention window adjustment process, CW corresponding to which CAPCs _p Adjustment, CW _p At least one of the number of times the maximum value is continuously maintained. For example, if it is determined to be CW _p Adjustment is carried out, and if the HARQ-ACK state of PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmitted by UE is determined to be NACK more than N times continuously, CW is carried out _p Is a larger value; otherwise CW _p Is a small value. For another example, if the ratio of HARQ-ACK status to NACK is higher than a first threshold within a certain time range, CW _p Is a larger value; otherwise if the HARQ-ACK state is that the proportion of NACK is not higher than the first threshold and is higher than the second threshold, CW _p Is a small value; otherwise, if the HARQ-ACK state is that the proportion of NACK is not higher than the second threshold value, the CW is not adjusted _p The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The proportions in this example may also be replaced by numbers.

Optionally, the UE determines the contention window parameter CW based on at least one of the above (transmission type, HARQ-ACK status, measurement result) _p Comprising using at least one of the following:

based on at least one of the above, a CAPC of the bypass signal and/or channel is determined, from which a CW is determined _p The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For example, in the case where other CAPC-related parameters are the same, a bypass signal and/or channel corresponding to the above-mentioned one and a bypass signal and/or channel not corresponding to the above-mentioned one correspond to different CAPCs, or a bypass signal corresponding to the above-mentioned one and corresponding to the above-mentioned other one The signals and/or channels correspond to different caps;

determining CW based on CAPC of the bypass signal and/or the channel and/or based on whether the bypass signal and/or the channel is compliant with at least one of the above _p (including determining CW _p Minimum value of (2), CW _p Maximum value of (2), CW _p Is set of values, CW _p At least one of the initial values in the contention window adjustment procedure); for example, bypass signals and/or channels of the same CAPC correspond to different CWs when or when the same CAPC is met or when the same CAPC is not met _p 。

Optionally, the UE determines how to adjust the contention window based on at least one of the above (transmission type, HARQ-ACK status, measurement result), including using at least one of the following methods:

determining a CAPC of the bypass signal and/or channel based on the at least one item, determining how to adjust the contention window corresponding to the CAPC based on the CAPC;

determining how to adjust the contention window based on the CAPC of the bypass signal and/or channel, and/or based on whether the bypass signal and/or channel meets at least one of the foregoing; further, CW is determined _p Initial value, CW, in contention window adjustment procedure _p Amplitude adjusted in contention window adjustment process, CW corresponding to which caps in contention window adjustment process _p Adjustment, CW _p At least one of the number of times the maximum value is continuously maintained.

Optionally, the UE determines whether to use any of the above methods based on the (pre) configuration, e.g. using one or more methods when configured to use the method, or using another one or more methods otherwise.

Optionally, if the UE determines more than one method of adjusting the contention window (e.g., determining the magnitudes of multiple adjustment contention windows based on HARQ-ACK states of different transmissions, respectively), then performing the contention window adjustment procedure using at least one of:

when the methods correspond to different adjustment competing window amplitudes or adjusted values, smaller adjustment amplitude/adjusted values are used;

when the methods correspond to different adjustment competing window amplitudes or adjusted values, a larger adjustment amplitude/adjusted value is used;

and when the methods are respectively adjusted or not adjusted, determining the competition window according to the adjusted methods.

In an exemplary embodiment, the UE determines whether and/or how to adjust the contention window according to the at least one information, including at least one of:

if (optionally after last update of the contention window) the UE acquires valid bypass HARQ-ACK feedback, the feedback comprising at least one NACK, and the at least one NACK corresponding to a bypass transmission enabling multicast of the NACK-only feedback multicast HARQ-ACK type, the UE adjusts the contention window; optionally, the method of adjusting the contention window includes at least one of: using the same method as adjusting the contention window based on other conditions/methods/information, e.g., increasing the value of the contention window to the next higher allowed value; alternatively, a different method is used, including using a larger adjustment amplitude, for example increasing the value of the contention window to a next second or nth higher allowed value; alternatively, a different method is used, including using a smaller adjustment amplitude, e.g., if the UE consecutively or K total times sent a bypass transmission that enables feedback-only NACK for a multicast HARQ-ACK type and acquired at least one NACK corresponding to the transmission, then increasing the value of the contention window to the next first or nth higher allowed value (further, the previous K-1 times sent the corresponding contention window adjustment is to maintain the contention window at the current value, and the kth times sent the corresponding contention window adjustment is to increase the value of the contention window to the next first or nth higher allowed value); wherein K and N are predetermined or (pre) configured parameters;

If (optionally after the last update of the contention window) the UE sent a bypass transmission enabling feedback-only NACK for the multicast HARQ-ACK type and no valid bypass HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the transmission was obtained, then: the UE maintains the contention window to the present value; or the UE adjusts the contention window and uses the same method as adjusting the contention window based on other conditions/methods/information; or the UE adjusts the contention window and uses a different method including using a smaller adjustment amplitude, e.g., if the UE has sent a bypass transmission that enables feedback-only NACK for multicast HARQ-ACK type continuously or K total times and has not obtained valid bypass HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the transmission, then increasing the value of the contention window to the next first or nth higher allowed value; alternatively, the UE further determines whether and how to adjust the contention window based on the results of the bypass measurements (including at least one of bypass CBR measurements, bypass RSSI measurements, bypass RSRP measurements); wherein K and N are predetermined or (pre) configured parameters;

if (optionally after the last update of the contention window) the UE acquires valid bypass HARQ-ACK feedback, the feedback comprising ACKs, the number or proportion of which exceeds a given threshold and which corresponds to a bypass transmission of the multicast HARQ-ACK type with feedback NACK and ACK enabled, the UE sets the contention window to a specific value, e.g. to a minimum value of the contention window; otherwise, optionally, the UE adjusts the contention window, including increasing the value of the contention window to a next first or nth higher allowed value; wherein the proportion of ACKs exceeds a given threshold value further comprises that when the number of receiving end UE expected by the multicast is X, the number of HARQ-ACK feedback expected to be received by the UE is X, and the number of ACKs divided by X exceeds the given threshold value; wherein exceeding a given threshold may also be replaced by meeting a given threshold range; optionally, if at least one receiving end UE corresponding to a bypass transmission of multicast HARQ-ACK type multicast with feedback NACK and ACK sent by the UE has sent ACK feedback to data corresponding to the transmission (the condition mainly corresponds to the situation that the receiving end UE may have provided ACK/NACK feedback in the previous N-1 transmissions/retransmissions if the current transmission is the nth retransmission of the data), then whether the receiving end UE has sent ACK feedback corresponding to the transmission or not is treated as ACK feedback;

If (optionally after last update of the contention window) the UE sends a bypass signal and/or channel (optionally PSCCH and/or PSSCH with no HARQ-ACK feedback enabled) with no HARQ-ACK feedback enabled, then: the UE maintains the contention window to the present value; or the UE sets the contention window to a specific value, which may be predetermined and/or (pre) configured, including one of a set of possible values of the contention window based on the priorities of the caps and/or bypass signals and/or channels (wherein, optionally, after the UE has transmitted a continuous or total N times of bypass signals and/or channels that do not enable HARQ-ACK feedback, the contention window is set to the specific value or to the larger (or smaller) one of the specific value and the current value); or setting the contention window to the larger (or smaller) one of the specific value and the current value; or the UE adjusts the contention window and uses the same method as adjusting the contention window based on other conditions/methods/information; or the UE adjusts the contention window and uses a different method including using a smaller adjustment amplitude, e.g., if the UE sends a bypass transmission that does not enable HARQ-ACK feedback and does not acquire valid bypass HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the transmission, K times in succession or in total, then increasing the value of the contention window to the next first or nth higher allowed value; or the UE further determines whether and how to adjust the contention window based on the results of the bypass measurements (including at least one of bypass CBR measurements, bypass RSSI measurements, bypass RSRP measurements).

Optionally, the UE adjusts the contention window based on transmissions over a given length of time, which may be referred to as a reference duration (reference duration), including adjusting the contention window based on transmissions of more than one HARQ-ACK type over the given length of time. For example, the UE sends a transmission within a reference duration using at least two HARQ-ACK types: transmission without HARQ-ACK feedback enabled (and/or broadcast transmission), transmission with HARQ-ACK feedback enabled (further, unicast transmission with HARQ-ACK feedback enabled), transmission with multicast HARQ-ACK type multicast with feedback only NACK enabled, multicast HARQ-ACK type multicast with feedback NACK and ACK enabled; the UE adjusts the contention window based on the transmissions of the at least two HARQ-ACK types.

Further, the method comprises at least one of the following:

the UE determines whether and how to adjust the contention window based on the transmission of one HARQ-ACK type within a given time length, and determines whether and how to adjust the contention window according to various modes of whether and how to adjust the contention window corresponding to the more than one HARQ-ACK type respectively;

the UE selects one HARQ-ACK type among more than one HARQ-ACK type for adjusting the contention window based on the given length of time and determines whether and how to adjust the contention window based on the selected HARQ-ACK type;

The HARQ-ACK feedback (which may be expected HARQ-ACK feedback and/or HARQ-ACK feedback received by the UE) corresponding to more than one HARQ-ACK type for a given length of time by the UE determines whether and how to adjust the contention window.

Optionally, for the UE determining whether and how to adjust the contention window based on the transmission of the corresponding one HARQ-ACK type within the given length of time, and determining whether and how to adjust the contention window according to a plurality of ways of respectively corresponding to the more than one HARQ-ACK type, the method further comprises at least one of:

the method for adjusting the contention window corresponding to at least one HARQ-ACK type includes the steps of CW _p Is set to CW _p Minimum value CW of (2) _min，p Then will compete for window CW _p Is set to CW _p Minimum value CW of (2) _min，p ；

The method for adjusting the contention window corresponding to at least one HARQ-ACK type includes the steps of CW _p Increases the CW if the value of (2) increases _p The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Optionally, if M HARQ-ACK types correspond to the contention window CW _p Is increased, CW is transmitted _p The value of (2) is CW _p The next larger nth value in the value set, m=n or the mapping relation between M and N is preset/(preset) configuration; the increase in this approach may be similarly replaced by a decrease;

The method for adjusting the contention window corresponding to at least one HARQ-ACK type includes the steps of CW _p The value of (2) remains unchanged, the contention window CW is then set _p The value of (2) is kept unchanged.

Optionally, there is an order of use of the above method, for example: the method for firstly determining whether at least one HARQ-ACK type corresponds to the adjustment of the contention window comprises the following steps of CW _p Is set to CW _p Minimum value CW of (2) _min，p If so, the contention window CW is to be used _p Is set to CW _p Minimum value CW of (2) _min，p Otherwise, determining whether there is at least one HARQ-ACK type corresponding adjustment contention window includes adjusting the contention window CW _p Increases the value of (a) and if so increases CW _p Otherwise, determining whether there is at least one HARQ-ACK type corresponding adjustment contention window includes adjusting the contention window CW _p The value of (2) remains unchanged, if so, the contention window CW is set _p The value of (2) is kept unchanged.

The above method is used in a case where there are a plurality of HARQ-ACK types for a given time period, and similarly, may be used when there are a plurality of transmissions for a given time period, the plurality of transmissions corresponding to different methods of adjusting the contention window. Optionally, the UE adjusts the contention window based on transmissions over a given length of time (which may be referred to as a reference duration), including determining how to adjust the contention window based on whether and how each (or at least one) of the plurality of transmissions corresponds to when the UE sent the plurality of transmissions over the given length of time. The specific method is similar to the above-described method in which the UE determines whether and how to adjust the contention window based on the transmission of the corresponding different HARQ-ACK types within a given length of time in various ways.

Optionally, for the UE to select one of the HARQ-ACK types for adjusting the contention window based on more than one of the HARQ-ACK types within a given length of time, and to determine whether and how to adjust the contention window based on the selected HARQ-ACK type, the method further comprises at least one of:

one HARQ-ACK type is selected for adjusting the contention window according to a preset or (pre) configured order in which the HARQ-ACK types are selected. For example, the order is HARQ-ACK feedback enabled unicast transmissions > feedback NACK and ACK enabled multicast HARQ-ACK type multicast transmissions > feedback NACK only multicast HARQ-ACK type multicast transmissions > HARQ-ACK feedback not enabled transmissions (and/or broadcast transmissions), then the UE performs contention window adjustment based on HARQ-ACK feedback enabled unicast transmissions and other transmissions for a given length of time, otherwise performs contention window adjustment based on feedback NACK and ACK enabled multicast HARQ-ACK type multicast transmissions and other transmissions for a given length of time, and so on;

One HARQ-ACK type is selected for adjusting the contention window based on whether the HARQ-ACK type includes ACK feedback, and/or whether the HARQ-ACK type includes NACK feedback. For example, the HARQ-ACK type including ACK feedback (e.g., unicast HARQ-ACK feedback, feedback NACK, and multicast HARQ-ACK feedback for ACK) is preferentially selected, the HARQ-ACK type including NACK feedback is preferentially selected if there is no HARQ-ACK type including ACK feedback (e.g., multicast HARQ-ACK feedback for NACK only), otherwise HARQ-ACK feedback is not selected to be enabled;

and selecting a HARQ-ACK type for adjusting the contention window according to whether the received feedback corresponding to the HARQ-ACK type comprises ACK feedback and/or NACK feedback. For example, if the UE receives ACK feedback, the ACK feedback corresponds to unicast HARQ-ACK feedback and/or feedback NACK and ACK multicast HARQ-ACK feedback, and the contention window is preferentially adjusted according to the method corresponding to unicast HARQ-ACK feedback and/or feedback NACK and ACK multicast HARQ-ACK feedback; otherwise, if the UE receives NACK feedback, the NACK feedback corresponds to unicast HARQ-ACK feedback and/or feedback NACK and ACK multicast HARQ-ACK feedback and/or feedback NACK multicast HARQ-ACK feedback, and the contention window is adjusted according to the corresponding method of the unicast HARQ-ACK feedback and/or feedback NACK and ACK multicast HARQ-ACK feedback and/or feedback NACK multicast HARQ-ACK feedback; otherwise, the contention window is adjusted according to the method corresponding to the non-starting HARQ-ACK feedback.

Optionally, for HARQ-ACK feedback (which may be expected HARQ-ACK feedback and/or HARQ-ACK feedback received by the UE) corresponding to more than one HARQ-ACK type within a given length of time of the UE, determining whether and how to adjust the contention window, the method further comprises: whether and how to adjust the contention window is determined based on whether the received feedback for the particular state meets a predetermined and/or (pre) configured number threshold range and/or a ratio threshold range.

Optionally, the method of adjusting the contention window includes at least one of:

when the feedback of a specific state exceeds the threshold of quantity and/or proportion, the contention window CW is set _p Is set to CW _p Minimum value CW of (2) _min，p ；

Increasing the contention window CW when the feedback of a particular state exceeds a threshold of quantity and/or proportion _p Is a value of (2); alternatively, the CW is transmitted when the first threshold is exceeded _p Increasing to the N1 st larger value in the value set, and when the second threshold is exceeded, CW is transmitted _p Increasing to be the N2 larger value in the value set, and so on; the mapping relationship between the X threshold and Nx is preset and/or (pre) configured; in this approach, the increase may also be replaced with a decrease (correspondingly, a larger value is replaced with a smaller value);

When the feedback of a specific state is below the threshold of the number and/or the proportion, the contention window CW is set _p The value of (2) is kept unchanged.

The above description of whether the threshold range is met or not in the above method may be replaced with exceeding, exceeding or equal to, falling below or equal to each other. The replacement may be based on the selection of a particular state, e.g., an ACK exceeding a threshold may be replaced with a NACK below a threshold, both of which may be understood to have a similar distinguishing effect as the reliability of the communication is above a certain level.

Wherein the specific state may be at least one of ACK, NACK, ACK or NACK, not receiving feedback (hereinafter, referred to as DTX). Optionally, the specific state is determined based on the corresponding transmission type, e.g. corresponding to unicast with HARQ-ACK enabled and multicast with feedback ACK and NACK, the specific state being ACK; this particular state is DTX, corresponding to feedback NACK-only multicasting. Wherein the ratio may be obtained by dividing the number of feedback received for a particular state by the number of feedback corresponding to the transmission. For example, for a multicast HARQ-ACK type that feeds back ACKs and NACKs, one PSSCH transmission corresponds to N feedbacks (also referred to as N PSFCH reception occasions, on each of which the UE is expected to receive 1 feedback), N corresponds to the number of receiving end UEs for the multicast. For example, for feedback NACK only multicast, HARQ enabled unicast, one PSSCH transmission corresponds to 1 feedback. For example, for a transmission that does not enable HARQ, one PSSCH transmission corresponds to 0 feedbacks or to P feedbacks, P being a preset and/or (pre) configured value.

Fig. 5 illustrates another flow chart of a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 illustrates another flow chart of a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

For bypass communications on unlicensed bands, a typical scenario is that a first UE needs to initialize channel occupancy (channel occupancy, CO) before the bypass signal and/or channel can be sent on the initialized CO; and/or the first UE needs to acquire the CO shared by the second UE to the first UE, and then may send the bypass signal and/or the channel on the CO, optionally initialized by the second UE.

Optionally, if the first UE acquires the CO shared by the second UE to the first UE and sends the bypass transmission on the CO, the target UE (or the receiving UE) of the sent transmission includes at least the second UE, and may include or not include other UEs.

Optionally, if the first UE acquires CO shared by the second UE to the first UE, the first UE determines at least one channel transmitted on the CO, including at least one of:

if the transmitted at least one channel is a PSFCH, determining that the at least one channel can be transmitted on the CO,

if the at least one channel transmitted is PSCCH and/or PSSCH, determining whether the at least one channel can be transmitted on the CO according to at least one of a transmission type corresponding to the channel, whether HARQ feedback is enabled and an enabled HARQ-ACK feedback type.

Optionally, if the first UE acquires CO shared by the second UE to the first UE, the first UE may transmit PSFCH on the CO and/or may not transmit PSCCH and/or PSSCH on the CO; or, the first UE may transmit the PSFCH, PSCCH, and/or PSSCH on the CO.

Optionally, if the first UE acquires CO shared by the second UE to the first UE, and the first UE may transmit a multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or PSSCH on the CO, and the target UE of the PSCCH and/or PSSCH includes other UEs different from the first UE and the second UE, at least one of the following methods for transmitting multicast and/or broadcast is further used:

if the transmission does not enable HARQ-ACK feedback or the transmission type of the transmission is broadcast, the first UE can send the transmission on the CO, otherwise, the transmission cannot be sent;

if the transmission enables a specific HARQ-ACK feedback type (e.g., a multicast HARQ-ACK feedback type that feeds back only NACKs), the first UE may send the transmission on the CO, otherwise the transmission cannot be sent;

the first UE may send the transmission on the CO, and if the transmission enables HARQ-ACK feedback, only the second UE may send HARQ-ACK feedback on the CO, and other UEs may not send HARQ-ACK feedback on the CO. Accordingly, the first UE expects to receive HARQ-ACK feedback from the second UE, and does not expect to receive HARQ-ACK feedback sent by other receiving end UEs corresponding to the transmission. Further, if the method is used, the method for determining whether the transmission is successful by the first UE also needs to be adjusted accordingly, including at least one of the following: if the transmission enables the multicast HARQ-ACK feedback type only for feeding back NACK, the first UE considers the transmission as NACK if receiving NACK from the second UE, otherwise (if not receiving HARQ-ACK feedback from the second UE); if the transmission enables the multicast HARQ-ACK feedback type for feeding back ACK and NACK, the first UE considers the transmission as ACK if receiving the ACK from the second UE, otherwise (if receiving NACK from the second UE or not receiving HARQ-ACK feedback from the second UE) considers the transmission as NACK.

Optionally, the first UE initializes CO and shares CO to the second UE, and in the signaling indicating the sharing CO, further indicates a type of signal and/or channel that the second UE can transmit on the CO, for example, indicates whether the second UE can transmit PSCCH and/or whether PSFCH can be transmitted on the CO; and/or indicating whether the second UE can send a transmission to other UEs on the CO, or indicating whether the second UE can send a specific transmission type (e.g., multicast and/or broadcast and/or unicast) on the CO; and/or a method of instructing a second UE to transmit multicast and/or broadcast on CO, including at least one of the methods described above. Optionally, the second UE determines how to transmit on the CO according to a preset/(preset) configured criterion and/or according to an indication of the first UE, e.g. based on the indication when the indication from the first UE is received, or else on the CO according to a preset criterion.

Optionally, when the first UE sends a bypass signal and/or a channel on the initialized CO, indicating that the CO is the CO initialized by the first UE; and/or, when the first UE sends a bypass signal and/or channel on the shared CO, indicating that the CO is the shared CO. Alternatively, the two cases are indicated in the SCI, for example, a field including 1 bit in the SCI indicates that the CO in which the current transmission is located is two states of the CO initialized by the sender UE of the SCI and the CO shared by the sender UE of the SCI.

Optionally, the first UE initializes and shares CO to the second UE, and instructs to share CO through signaling, further including at least one of:

the first UE sends a PSSCH to the second UE, and indicates to share CO to the second UE in a PSCCH associated with the PSSCH;

the first UE sends PSFCH to the second UE, and indicates to share CO to the second UE in the PSCCH; wherein the PSCCH may or may not indicate an association with a PSFCH. The technical motivation for this approach is that the first UE may receive the PSSCH from the second UE in the previous CO, but cannot send HARQ-ACK feedback in time in the previous CO, thus initializing the current CO and using it at least to send HARQ-ACK feedback to the second UE. Since the second UE may retransmit or transmit new data according to the result of the HARQ-ACK feedback, the first UE expects to share the current CO to the second UE to be helpful for transmission efficiency. Therefore, the first UE may send one PSCCH to indicate CO sharing to the second UE and to indicate information of the shared CO, although the PSFCH may or may not have an associated PSCCH. Thus, an alternative approach is that the UE may indicate the CO sharing related information in one PSCCH of the unassociated PSSCH and/or PSFCH, and/or the UE may send one PSCCH of the unassociated PSSCH and/or PSFCH to indicate this information in order to share CO; wherein the PSCCH of the unassociated PSSCH and/or PSFCH may be referred to as a stand-alone (stand-alone) PSCCH. Further, if the UE initializes a CO for sending PSFCH and/or HARQ-ACK feedback information (which may be carried in other channels) and shares the CO to other UEs, a separate PSCCH may be sent to indicate the information for sharing the CO.

Optionally, when the second UE sends a signal and/or a channel on the CO, indicating that the CO is a CO initialized by the second UE or a CO shared by the second UE; and/or indicating whether other UEs (which may or may not include the first UE initializing the CO) receiving the signal and/or channel may transmit HARQ-ACKs on the CO. Optionally, whether other UEs (which may or may not include the first UE initializing the CO) receiving the signal and/or channel may transmit HARQ-ACKs on the CO is determined according to preset/(pre) configured criteria and/or an indication of the first UE. Alternatively, the first UE may send HARQ-ACK feedback on the CO without being determined based on the indication of the second UE. Optionally, and/or, the other UE determines whether HARQ-ACK feedback needs to be sent according to preset/(pre) configured criteria, and/or based on an indication of the second UE. For example, the second UE sends multicast pschs to the first UE and the third UE and indicates in the associated PSCCH that HARQ-ACK feedback is enabled and that the third UE cannot send HARQ-ACKs on the CO; the first UE sends HARQ-ACK feedback to the second UE and the third UE does not send HARQ-ACK feedback to the second UE.

Fig. 7 illustrates another flow chart of a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

In order to avoid the situation that the UE occupies the channel in the same resource pool for a long time to cause congestion (congestion) of the resource pool in the bypass communication system, other UEs have difficulty in acquiring transmission resources in the resource pool, the UE needs to keep measurement on the congestion degree of the resource pool and perform congestion control based on the measurement result. Specifically, when the UE transmits the PSSCH on the slot n, the bypass channel occupancy (channel occupancy ratio, CR) corresponding to any priority should be determined, and it is ensured that the sum of CRs corresponding to the priorities does not exceed the CR upper limit; the CR upper limit is a higher-layer configured parameter that is associated with priority and channel congestion rate (channel busy ratio, CBR) measured by the UE over time slot N-N, where N is the processing time of congestion control. The CR is determined based on the proportion of the resources occupied by the UE transmission to the total resources in the resource pool, and can be considered to reflect how many transmissions the UE can send; CBR is determined based on the proportion of frequency domain resources whose bypass received signal strength indication (received signal strength indicator, RSSI) exceeds a given threshold, measured by the UE within a configured measurement window, to total resources in the resource pool, which can be considered to represent the congestion level of the resource pool. If the sum of the CRs corresponding to the resources occupied by the UE's own transmission exceeds the CR upper limit determined based on the priority and CBR, the UE needs to suspend (drop) part of the transmission to meet the upper limit. The method is mainly applied to bypass communication, and how to use the bypass communication for other bypass signals and/or channels, such as bypass positioning reference signals SL PRS, needs to be considered.

Optionally, the UE measures CBR, including measuring CBR in at least one of the following resource pools: a resource pool available for SL PRS and PSSCH transmissions; a resource pool available for SL PRS transmission and unavailable for PSSCH transmission; a resource pool available for PSSCH transmission and unavailable for SL PRS transmission. The classification is mainly used to distinguish whether a resource pool can support bypass positioning signals and bypass data, and does not limit whether other signals and/or channels, such as PSCCH/PSFCH, can be transmitted within the resource pool. Optionally, the UE determines, based on whether the resource pool supports transmission of PRSs and/or whether the PSSCH is supported, at least one of: a method of measuring CBR in the resource pool, a method of determining CR in the resource pool, a method of suspending transmission based on a CR upper limit in the resource pool.

Optionally, the CBR measured at time slot n comprises CBR0, CBR0 corresponding to the proportion of sub-channels in the resource pool where the RSRP and/or RSSI of the SL PRS measured by the UE exceeds a (pre) configured threshold within the CBR measurement window [ n-a, n-b ]. Optionally, the CBR measurement window is determined based on the SL PRS measurement window for positioning. For example, the CBR measurement window is predefined and/or (pre) configured (the values of a and b are predefined and/or (pre) configured), and/or its start and/or end positions are determined based on the start and/or end positions of the SL PRS measurement window for positioning and/or based on the time domain resources on which the SL PRS measurements were made; specifically, if the UE performs SL PRS measurements on some of the time domain resources within the preconfigured measurement window, SL CBR measurements are made based on the some of the time domain resources and computation of the SL CBR is restricted to the time domain resources used for the SL CBR measurements (and/or the SL PRS measurements). Alternatively, if the UE measures CBR in one resource pool, which may be used for SL PRS transmission, not for PSSCH transmission, the above-described method of measuring CBR0 in slot n and/or the above-described CBR measurement window are used.

Optionally, the CBR measured at time slot n comprises at least one of:

CBR1, corresponding to the proportion of sub-channels in the resource pool whose RSSI exceeds a (pre) configured threshold, measured by the UE, within the CBR measurement window;

CBR2 corresponds to the proportion of sub-channels (and/or time slots) in the first set of resources over which the RSRP and/or RSSI of the SL PRS measured by the UE exceeds a (pre) configured threshold within the CBR measurement window. Optionally, the first set of resources includes at least one of: all time and/or frequency domain resources in the resource pool, a set of predetermined and/or (pre) configured resources, a set of resources in the resource pool used for transmission of SL PRS. Alternatively, when a subchannel is used for transmission of the SL PRS, the UE may measure CBR2 on the subchannel;

CBR3 corresponds to the proportion of sub-channels in the second set of resources over which the RSRP (which may be based on RSRP measurements) and/or RSSI of the PSCCH and/or PSSCH measured by the UE exceeds a (pre) configured threshold within the CBR measurement window. Optionally, the second set of resources includes at least one of: all time and/or frequency domain resources in the resource pool, a set of predetermined and/or (pre) configured resources, a set of resources in the resource pool used for transmitting PSCCH and/or PSSCH. Alternatively, when a subchannel is used for transmission of the PSCCH and/or PSSCH, the UE may measure CBR3 on the subchannel;

CBR4, corresponding to at least one of CBR1, CBR2, CBR3 multiplied by a scaling factor α or added with an offset k. Wherein the scaling factor and/or offset may be (pre) configured and/or predetermined, and may be determined based on a ratio between at least two of the resources in the resource pool used for transmitting the SL PRS, the resources used for transmitting the PSCCH and/or the PSSCH, and all time-frequency domain resources in the resource pool. For example, CBR2 corresponds to the proportion of subchannels (and/or time slots) in the resource pool where the RSRP and/or RSSI of the SL PRS measured by the UE exceeds a (pre) configured threshold within a CBR measurement window in all time-frequency domain resources in the resource pool, cbr4=cbr2/α or cbr4=cbr1/α, α being the proportion of resources in the resource pool configured to be available for transmission of the SL PRS in all time-frequency domain resources in the resource pool.

Optionally, the CBR measurement window is determined based on the SL PRS measurement window for positioning and/or at least when the measured CBR is based on a measurement of the SL PRS. The specific method is similar to the measurement window corresponding to CBR 0.

Alternatively, if the UE measures CBR in one resource pool, and the resource pool can be used for SL PRS transmission and for PSSCH transmission, the above-described method of measuring CBR (e.g., at least one of CBR1, CBR2, CBR3, CBR 4) in slot n and/or the above-described CBR measurement window is used.

Optionally, if part of the frequency domain resources in the resource pool are configured for transmission of SL PRS, the first set of resources corresponds to the frequency domain resources. A specific example is when a first set of subchannels in the resource pool is configured for PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmission and a second set of subchannels is configured for SL PRS transmission, the first set of resources corresponds to the second set of subchannels.

Optionally, if a portion of the time domain resources in the resource pool are configured for transmission of SL PRS, the first set of resources corresponds to the time domain resources. A specific example is when a first set of slots in the resource pool is configured for PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmission and a second set of slots is configured for SL PRS transmission, the first set of resources corresponds to the second set of slots. For example, the CBR measurement window is [ n=100, N-1], 89 of which are configured for PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmission, 10 of which are configured for SL PRS transmission, the first set of resources corresponds to a total of 10 x N subchannels out of 10 of which are configured for SL PRS transmission, cbr2=x/10 x N, x being the subchannel over which the RSRP and/or RSSI of the SL PRS exceeds the (pre) configured threshold.

Optionally, if part of the frequency domain resources and/or time domain resources in the resource pool are configured for transmitting PSCCH and/or PSSCH, the second set of resources corresponds to the frequency domain resources and/or time domain resources. The specific method is similar to the first set of resources.

Optionally, for any of the above (e.g. CBR0, 1, 2, 3, 4 for each) CBR measurement window, at least one of the start position (or a parameter related to the start position), the end position (or a parameter related to the end position), the measurement window length may be a predetermined and/or (pre) configured CBR measurement window multiplied by a scaling factor α or added with an offset k if the CBR measurement is based on measurements on SL PRS and/or if the CBR measurement is based on measurements on PSCCH and/or PSSCH. Wherein the scaling factor and/or offset may be (pre) configured and/or predetermined, and may be determined based on a ratio between at least two of the resources in the resource pool used for transmitting the SL PRS, the resources used for transmitting the PSCCH and/or the PSSCH, and all time-frequency domain resources in the resource pool. For example, CBR2 corresponds to the proportion of sub-channels (and/or time slots) in the resource pool where the RSRP and/or RSSI of the SL PRS measured by the UE exceeds a (pre) configured threshold within a CBR measurement window, [ n-a, n-1] for which the (pre) configured and/or predetermined measurement window is [ n-a, n-1], and then CBR2 corresponds to the measurement window [ n-a/a, n-1] for which α is the proportion of the resources in the resource pool configured to be available for transmission of the SL PRS in the total time-frequency domain resources in the resource pool.

Alternatively, if the CBR measured at time slot n includes more than one CBR above, the CBR measured at time slot n is determined by at least one of the following methods:

the CBR measured at time slot n is the maximum of the more than one CBR;

the CBR measured at time slot n is the minimum of the more than one CBR;

the CBR measured at time slot n is the average of the more than one CBR. Further, comprising a weighted average, the weight factor may be predefined and/or (pre-) configured and/or determined based on a ratio between at least two of the resources in the resource pool used for transmitting the SL PRS, the resources used for transmitting the PSCCH and/or the PSSCH, all time-frequency domain resources in the resource pool. For example, cbr=cbr2+cbr3×α+β, α, β being weight factors, α being the proportion of resources in the resource pool configured to be available for transmission of SL PRS in all time-frequency domain resources in the resource pool, β being the proportion of resources in the resource pool configured to be available for transmission of PSCCH and/or PSSCH in all time-frequency domain resources in the resource pool.

Optionally, the method for the UE to suspend transmission based on the CR upper limit in the resource pool includes at least one of the following:

the CR corresponding to all transmissions (which may be understood as all SL PRS, PSCCH, PSSCH transmissions, and/or all transmissions may not include PSFCH transmissions) is made to not exceed the CR upper limit by suspending transmissions of SL PRS and/or PSCCH transmissions and/or PSSCH transmissions;

If the first CR upper limit corresponds to the CBR based on the SL PRS measurement, stopping the transmission of the SL PRS to ensure that the first CR corresponding to the transmission of the SL PRS does not exceed the first CR upper limit;

if the second CR upper limit corresponds to a CBR based on PSCCH and/or PSSCH measurements, the second CR corresponding to SL PRS transmission is made not to exceed the second CR upper limit by suspending transmission of PSCCH and/or PSSCH.

Optionally, the method for the UE to suspend transmission based on the CR upper limit in the resource pool includes suspending transmission based on priority. Further, the UE acquires the priority of the SL PRS and/or the priority of the PSCCH and/or the PSSCH; the UE suspends transmission based on the CR upper limit using at least one of the following methods:

based on the priority of the transmissions, prioritizing the lower priority transmissions to meet the upper CR limit, wherein the transmissions include SL PRS, PSCCH, and/or PSSCH transmissions; the method can be regarded as that the priorities of SL PRS, PSCCH and PSSCH are equal, and can be also understood as stopping transmission according to the priority parameters and not according to other parameters;

based on the priority of the transmission, preferentially suspending the transmission with the lower priority to meet the CR upper limit; wherein if the transmission is a SL PRS transmission, the priority of the transmission is the priority of the SL PRS plus a predetermined/(pre) configured offset; and/or wherein the priority of the transmission, if a PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmission, is the priority of the PSCCH and/or PSSCH plus a predetermined/(pre) configured offset;

The priority to suspend SL PRS transmissions and/or the priority to suspend PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmissions are determined based on predetermined and/or (pre) configured criteria.

Alternatively, for a method of prioritizing suspending lower priority transmissions to meet the upper CR limit based on the priority of the transmissions, one possible way is to define no specific priority for the SL PRS, but a priority threshold for suspending the transmissions. Specifically, when the priority of the PSCCH and/or PSSCH is below the threshold (the value of the priority is above the threshold), the PSCCH and/or PSSCH is suspended; otherwise, the SL PRS is suspended.

The unlicensed band is divided into LBT bands for performing LBT, and in the channel access procedure, also referred to as RB set (RB set), the UE may perform LBT on one RB set and determine whether channel access is possible according to the LBT result. Depending on the nature of the service, the UE may also perform channel access on multiple RB sets and send data on the multiple RB sets if the access is successful, a process also known as a multi-channel access (multi-channel access) process.

When the bypass communication system uses a multi-channel access procedure, the transmitting UE may transmit the PSCCH on multiple RB sets and the PSCCH on multiple RB sets or a subset thereof (e.g., the lowest indexed one).

For data using multi-channel access, it is also necessary to determine how their corresponding feedback channels are transmitted. The main advantage of multi-channel access is that a single transmission of the UE can use a larger bandwidth, thereby improving the data rate; the amount of information carried by the feedback channel is usually small, so that the feedback channel corresponding to the data of the multi-channel access can be accessed by the multi-channel and can also be sent on a subset of the plurality of channels.

Optionally, if the transmitting UE transmits the PSSCH on multiple RB sets based on the multi-channel access procedure, the transmitting UE may receive the PSFCH corresponding to the PSSCH based on at least one of the following methods, and/or the receiving UE may transmit the PSFCH corresponding to the PSSCH based on at least one of the following methods:

the PSFCH is transmitted/received on a particular one of the plurality of RB sets (e.g., the lowest indexed or lowest frequency domain position one). Optionally, determining corresponding PSFCH resources within the one RB set based on a preset mapping rule between PSSCH and PSFCH and the resources used by the PSSCH, the mapping rule may be independent of the used RB set;

transmitting/receiving PSFCH on one or more RB sets of the plurality of RB sets; the one or more RB sets are selected based on channel interference conditions, further based on at least one of: the UE successfully accesses the channel on the RB set based on LBT (optionally, successfully accesses the channel earlier than other RB sets), i.e., LBT on the RB set is successful; the interference on the set of RBs is lower, e.g., at least one of CBR measurements, RSSI measurements, RSRP measurements on the set of RBs is lower than the other sets of RBs. One specific example is for PSSCH transmitted over multiple RB sets, the UE performing LBT separately on each of the multiple RB sets, and transmitting PSFCH on the RB set for which LBT was successful. Optionally, the UE determines the corresponding PSFCH resources within each RB set based on a preset mapping rule between PSSCH and PSFCH, which may be independent of the RB set used, and the resources used by the PSSCH. Optionally, the method is used for the receiving end UE to send the PSFCH, and the sending end UE receives the PSFCH on all the plurality of RB sets;

The UE selects at least one RB set among the plurality of RB sets for transmitting/receiving the PSFCH according to a preset and/or (pre) configured mapping rule. Optionally, the mapping rule includes: in the plurality of RB sets, indexing is performed for the PSSCH resource according to a time domain ascending order and/or a frequency domain ascending order, where an indexing manner of the time domain ascending order includes an indexing ascending order according to a time slot or other time units in one PSFCH period (a period in which the PSFCH resource appears), and an indexing manner of the frequency domain ascending order includes at least one of an indexing ascending order according to the RB set, an indexing ascending order according to a subchannel index, an indexing ascending order according to an interlace (interlace), and an indexing ascending order according to the RB index, and may further include a sequence, for example, an indexing ascending order according to the RB set first and then an indexing ascending order according to the subchannel; indexing is carried out for PSFCH resources according to time domain ascending order and/or frequency domain ascending order, wherein the index mode of the frequency domain ascending order comprises at least one of ascending order according to RB set index, ascending order according to interleaving index and ascending order according to RB index; and determining the mapping relation between the PSSCH resource and the PSFCH resource according to the mapping relation (such as determined by the operation of the remainder) between the index of the PSSCH resource and the index of the PSFCH resource.

Fig. 8 illustrates a block diagram of a configuration of a User Equipment (UE) 800 in accordance with various embodiments of the disclosure.

Referring to fig. 8, a UE 800 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may include a transceiver 801 and a controller 802. For example, the transceiver 801 may be configured to transmit and receive signals. For example, the controller 802 may be coupled to the transceiver 801 and configured to perform the aforementioned methods.

Although the UE is illustrated as having separate functional blocks for convenience of explanation, the configuration of the UE is not limited thereto. For example, the UE may include a communication unit composed of a transceiver and a controller. The UE may communicate with at least one network node by means of a communication unit.

According to embodiments of the present disclosure, at least a portion of a UE (e.g., a module or function thereof) or a method (e.g., an operation or step) may be implemented as instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., memory), for example, in the form of program modules. The instructions, when executed by a processor or controller, may enable the processor or controller to perform corresponding functions. The computer readable medium may include, for example, a hard disk, a floppy disk, a magnetic medium, an optical recording medium, a DVD, a magneto-optical medium. The instructions may include code created by a compiler or code executable by an interpreter. A module or UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one or more of the above components, some of which may be omitted, or other additional components. Operations performed by modules, programming modules, or other components in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed sequentially, in parallel, repeatedly, or heuristically, or at least some operations may be performed in a different order or omitted, or other operations may be added.

What has been described above is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method performed by a user equipment, UE, comprising:

if a bypass signal and/or channel is transmitted, performing a contention window adjustment procedure based on at least one of: a transmission type, a hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgement, HARQ-ACK, type, whether the bypass signal and/or channel enables HARQ-ACK feedback, HARQ-ACK status corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel, and bypass measurement;

and executing a channel access process based on the contention window.

2. The method of claim 1, the at least one item of information further comprising at least one of:

priority of bypass signal and/or channel;

the UE sends HARQ-ACK states to other UEs;

whether transmissions of other UEs enable HARQ-ACK feedback.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, performing a contention window adjustment procedure comprising:

determining a HARQ-ACK status corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel based on at least one of a transmission type, a HARQ-ACK type, whether the bypass signal and/or channel enables HARQ-ACK feedback, and a received status of a HARQ-ACK feedback indication corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel;

The contention window adjustment procedure is performed based on HARQ-ACK states corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel.

4. A method according to claim 3, determining a HARQ-ACK state corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel comprising at least one of:

if the transmission type is broadcast, and/or if the transmission of the bypass signal and/or channel does not enable HARQ-ACK feedback, during the contention window adjustment, the HARQ-ACK state of the transmission is set to ACK, or to NACK, or the transmission is ignored,

5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein performing a contention window adjustment procedure comprises performing at least one of:

adjusting contention window parameters CW _P Is set to an initial value of (1);

adjusting contention window parameters CW _P The amplitude of the adjustment;

adjusting contention window parameters CW _P The number of times the maximum value is continuously maintained;

and determining to adjust the contention window corresponding to the specific channel access priority class CAPC.

6. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

acquiring configuration information including contention window parameters CW _P At least two values of the related information;

and determining a value from the at least two values based on the at least one item of information.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the contention window parameter CW _P The related information includes at least one of:

the contention window parameter CW _P Is the minimum of (2);

the contention window parameter CW _P Is the maximum value of (2);

the biddingContention window parameter CW _P Is a set of values of (a);

the contention window parameter CW _P Is set to an initial value of (1);

the contention window parameter CW _P The amplitude of the adjustment;

the contention window parameter CW _P The number of times the maximum value is continuously maintained;

at least one channel access priority class CAPC corresponds to the contention window.

8. The method of claim 3, the performing the contention window adjustment procedure based on HARQ-ACK states corresponding to the bypass signal and/or channel comprising:

The contention window adjustment procedure is performed according to the proportion and/or number of specific HARQ-ACK states and/or the number of consecutive specific HARQ-ACK states within a specific time range.

9. The method of claim 1, performing a contention window adjustment procedure based on bypass measurements comprising:

based on the comparison of the bypass measurement with the threshold, it is determined whether or how to adjust the contention window.

10. A method performed by a first user equipment, UE, comprising:

receiving signaling from the second UE, wherein the signaling comprises relevant information about CO occupied by a channel shared by the second UE to the first UE; and

transmitting at least one of a physical bypass feedback channel PSFCH, a physical bypass control channel PSCCH, and a physical bypass shared channel PSSCH on the CO based on the related information; or transmitting at least one channel of a multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or pscsch over CO;

wherein the related information includes at least one of:

indicating a type of signal and/or channel that the second UE is capable of transmitting on the CO;

indicating whether the second UE can transmit to other UE on the CO;

indicating whether a second UE is capable of transmitting a particular transmission type on the CO;

A method of instructing a second UE to transmit multicast and/or broadcast on the CO;

indicating that the CO is a CO initialized by a second UE;

indicating that the CO is a CO that the second UE is shared;

information indicating whether a first UE receiving the signaling is capable of transmitting HARQ-ACKs on the CO; and

information indicating whether a third UE receiving the at least one channel from the first UE is capable of transmitting HARQ-ACKs on the CO.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the transmitting at least one channel of a multicast and/or broadcast PSCCH and/or PSSCH over CO comprises at least one of:

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

if the transmission starts the multicast HARQ-ACK feedback type which only feeds back NACK, if NACK from a second UE is received, the HARQ-ACK state corresponding to the transmission is NACK, otherwise, the HARQ-ACK state corresponding to the transmission is ACK;

13. A method performed by a user equipment, UE, comprising:

acquiring a configuration of a positioning reference signal for bypass SL; and

based on the configuration of the positioning reference signals for SL, at least one of the following is performed: measuring the channel congestion rate CBR, determining the channel occupancy rate CR, suspending the transmission based on the upper CR limit.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein measuring CBR comprises measuring at least one of:

15. A user equipment, UE, comprising:

a transceiver configured to transmit and receive signals;

a controller coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform the method of any of claims 1-19.