CN117737868B - Polyester fiber with large specific surface area and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyester fiber with large specific surface area and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117737868B CN117737868B CN202410186820.8A CN202410186820A CN117737868B CN 117737868 B CN117737868 B CN 117737868B CN 202410186820 A CN202410186820 A CN 202410186820A CN 117737868 B CN117737868 B CN 117737868B
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 241001589086 Bellapiscis medius Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010020112 Hirsutism Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a polyester fiber with large specific surface area and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of polyester, wherein polyester melt is extruded from a spinneret plate with a surrounding type heating device, passes through a vacuum closed space, is subjected to circular blowing cooling, is oiled, is wound and molded to prepare a pre-oriented yarn with large specific surface area, and is subjected to post-processing to finally prepare the polyester fiber with large specific surface area; the spinneret plate is a hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate, the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate are distributed in concentric circles, the number of the spinneret holes is more than or equal to 96, the number of the concentric circles is n, and n is more than or equal to 3; the product has breaking strength CV value less than or equal to 1.50%, breaking elongation CV value less than or equal to 3.50%, dyeing uniformity 99.5+ -0.5% and appearance hairline rate less than or equal to 0.05%. In the preparation method, a hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate is adopted, so that the difference of cooling among monofilaments is reduced; the prepared polyester fiber has large specific surface area, small breaking strength CV value and small breaking elongation CV value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polyester, and relates to a polyester fiber with large specific surface area and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate are equal in hole pitch or crossed equal in hole pitch, and the number of the spinneret holes is generally lower than 96. In the actual production process, after the number of spinneret holes exceeds 96 and the melt is extruded from a spinneret plate, the heat dissipation distance is limited due to the fact that the number of holes is large and the distance between monofilaments is small, heat is large, so that the inner ring is difficult to dissipate heat, and meanwhile, when cooling air flows from the outer ring to the inner ring for cooling, external cooling air is not easy to enter the inner ring due to the fact that the number of monofilaments is large, and even if the cooling air enters the inner ring, the temperature of the cooling air is increased due to the fact that the cooling air passes through the outer ring. Therefore, when the number of the spinneret holes exceeds 96, the temperature of the inner ring of the spinneret plate is higher, and the temperature of the outer ring is low, so that the outer ring monofilaments and the inner ring monofilaments are unevenly cooled, and finally the performance of the product is reduced.
In order to solve the problem of uneven cooling, the cooling area is generally improved in the prior art. CN208884041U provides an automated spinning system with a tunable cold plate, and by adding the cold plate, the cooling space is sealed, the cooling air utilization rate is improved, and the cooling speed is increased to reduce the non-uniformity. CN213203291U provides a spinning cooling device, through increasing the quantity of air supply air conditioner, increase the cooling air supply volume to solve the uneven problem of cooling. CN206204493U provides a chemical fiber spinning cooling device, through improving the heat transfer medium, utilize water smoke cooling, high coefficient of heat transfer medium cools off faster to solve the uneven problem of cooling, CN116555925a provides a fine denier and special-shaped dacron prestretching preparation facilities and method, adjusts the length of rectification dryer and cooling wind according to different products, changes the cooling distance, thereby solves the uneven problem of cooling.
However, in the prior art, the cooling area is improved, so that the problem of uneven cooling can be solved, but the cooling area is improved, so that the device is complex, new problems are brought out, such as CN208884041U, the addition of a cold collecting plate, more concentrated cold air, and the main cooling energy consumption reducing effect, and the uneven cooling rate can be reduced to a certain extent; CN213203291U increases the number of air-supplying air-conditioning, so as to increase the air quantity, and although the air quantity can be cooled uniformly, the air quantity is too large, so that the monofilament is easy to be disturbed, and the stability of production is reduced; CN206204493U, although the heat conductivity coefficient of water is high, the adaptable spinning speed is low, only 150-400 m/min is adopted, and the production efficiency is affected; CN116555925A is modified to adjust the length of rectifying wind tube, adapting to the less variety of single filament to accelerate cooling speed, single filament exceeds a certain range, resulting in uneven cooling of inner single filament, and unable to fundamentally solve the uneven cooling problem.
Therefore, the polyester fiber with large specific surface area and the preparation method thereof are researched to fundamentally solve the problem of uneven cooling of the porous yarn, and have very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a polyester fiber with large specific surface area and a preparation method thereof;
in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
the preparation method of polyester fiber with large specific surface area includes extruding polyester melt from spinneret plate with surrounding heating device, vacuum sealing, circular blowing cooling, oiling, winding and forming to obtain pre-oriented yarn with large specific surface area; the pre-oriented yarn sequentially passes through a pre-network, a first roller, a first heat box, a cooling plate, a false twister, a second roller, a main network device, a second heat box, a third roller, oiling and winding to finally prepare the polyester fiber with large specific surface area; the spinneret plate is a hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate, the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate are distributed in concentric circles, the number of the spinneret holes is more than or equal to 96, the number of the concentric circles is n, and n is more than or equal to 3;
Among the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate, the innermost circle is marked as the 1 st circle, the outermost circle is marked as the nth circle, the distance between the kth circle and the kth-1 circle is smaller than the distance between the kth-1 circle and the kth-2 circle, the distance between the adjacent 2 spinneret holes on the kth circle is smaller than the distance between the adjacent 2 spinneret holes on the kth-1 circle, the distance between the adjacent 2 spinneret holes on the kth-1 circle is smaller than the distance between the adjacent 2 spinneret holes on the kth-2 circle, and k is more than 2 and less than or equal to n.
Because the cooling air flows from the periphery of the outer side to the inner side for cooling, the temperature is increased when the cooling air flows to the inner side after heat exchange between the cooling air and the outer side filaments, the temperature of the air around the inner side filaments is higher than that of the outer side, the heat exchange speed of the inner side filaments is reduced due to the high air temperature, the outer side filaments and the inner side filaments are unevenly cooled, and finally the performance of the product is reduced.
Based on the prior art, the interval of the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate is theoretically increased, so that the cooling difference among monofilaments can be effectively relieved to a certain extent. However, the maximum diameter of the current civil spinning spinneret plate is 94mm due to the limit of the diameter of the spinneret plate surface, so that the method cannot be used when more monofilaments are used.
According to the invention, through designing the hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate, the distance between the inner ring monofilaments is increased, the heat exchange air quantity between the inner ring monofilaments can be increased gradually, the temperature difference between the inner and outer monofilaments is reduced after the inner and outer monofilaments are cooled finally, the uniformity of the intrinsic properties of the monofilaments is maintained, and the prepared polyester fiber with large specific surface area has excellent comprehensive performance.
As a preferable technical scheme:
According to the preparation method of the polyester fiber with large specific surface area, the distance between the kth-1 circle and the kth-2 circle is 1.1 times of the distance between the kth circle and the kth-1 circle, the distance between the adjacent 2 spinning holes on the kth-1 circle is 1.10+/-0.04 times of the distance between the adjacent 2 spinning holes on the kth circle, and the distance between the adjacent 2 spinning holes on the kth-2 circle is 1.10+/-0.04 times of the distance between the adjacent 2 spinning holes on the kth-1 circle.
The preparation method of the polyester fiber with large specific surface area comprises the steps that the main network device comprises a single-core double-hole annular nozzle core;
The single-core double-hole annular nozzle core is of a cylindrical structure; the bottom surface of the cylinder is provided with a cylindrical groove; round tables with big top and small bottom are arranged in the grooves; the large end surface of the round table is fixedly connected with the bottom of the groove, and an annular channel is formed between the cylinder and the round table; the central axis of the round table is overlapped with the central axis of the cylinder;
2 nozzle holes are arranged on the single-core double-hole annular nozzle core, the 2 nozzle holes are distributed up and down, the horizontal incidence angles are 120+/-5 degrees, and the vertical incidence angles are 45+/-5 degrees; the upper surface of the cylinder is provided with vertical holes which are communicated with the annular channel.
The contact point of the central axis of the nozzle hole and the inner wall of the groove is set as A, the center of the bottom of the groove is set as B, the vertical projection of A is set as a, the vertical projection of B is set as B, the connecting line of a and B is set as c, and the incidence angle in the horizontal direction is the included angle between the vertical projection of the central axis of the nozzle hole and c along the moving direction of the airflow of the nozzle hole; the vertical incidence angle is the angle between the central axis of the nozzle hole and the horizontal plane.
The air flows emitted by the two nozzle holes are all spiraled in the annular channel and move downwards, so that the tows can be networked; after the air flow emitted from the nozzle holes above is in the annular channel and is in the network, the residual air flow continues to spiral and flow downwards and is converged with the air flow in the nozzle holes below, so that the purpose of fully utilizing the air flow is achieved.
According to the preparation method of the polyester fiber with large specific surface area, the pre-oriented yarn also passes through the 90-degree steering yarn guides, the number of the 90-degree steering yarn guides is 2, and the pre-oriented yarn is respectively arranged at the outlet of the second hot box and after the oiling roller needed by oiling (the oiling device used for preparing the pre-oriented yarn is a nozzle, and is not an oiling roller);
the 90-degree steering wire guide is of an L-shaped structure consisting of a cube I and a cube II; wherein the cube I is positioned above the cube II;
The inside of the 90-degree steering wire guider is provided with a wire channel which is of an L-shaped structure, an inlet of the wire channel is communicated with the upper surface of the cube I, and an outlet of the wire channel is positioned on the side surface of the cube II far away from the cube I;
The steering angle of the wire-moving channel is 90 degrees of a round angle, and a polyurethane polymer coating is arranged on the inner wall of the wire-moving channel;
In the prior art, the steering after the shaping hot box outlet and the oiling roller is 90 degrees, and the ceramic fixed or rotary yarn guide is used for steering, so that the yarn guide produces polyester yarns with large specific surface area, and the polyester yarns are easy to break or have different monofilament profile degrees, and the reason is that the ceramic material is high in hardness and high in resistance when the fibers pass through.
The 90-degree steering yarn guide used in the invention converts steering resistance into deformation loss of an internal structure of a polyurethane polymer material due to strong soft moldability of the material, which is equivalent to small-range stretching of yarn bundles, so that damage of steering angles to the polyester fibers is reduced; in addition, the structure is set to be wrapped (the original yarn guide is arranged outside), the fiber of the yarn guide is fixed in a preset groove, the position of the steering process is limited, and unstable phenomena such as yarn bundle shaking, jumping and yarn throwing when the steering force is overlarge are prevented.
According to the preparation method of the polyester fiber with the large specific surface area, the outlet of the yarn feeding channel is of the horn-shaped structure, and the horn-shaped structure is convenient for placing yarn sucking equipment and is used for sucking yarns.
The preparation method of the polyester fiber with large specific surface area, which is described above, comprises the following preparation process parameters of the pre-oriented yarn: the temperature of the surrounding type heating device is 300-330 ℃, the height of the closed space is 40-50 mm, the cooling wind pressure is 10-15 Pa, and the cooling wind temperature is 19-21 ℃;
the post-processing technological parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the pre-network pressure is 0.02-0.03 MPa, the temperature of the first hot box is 200-210 ℃, the speed ratio of the false twister is 1.5-1.7, the speed of the second roller is 450-650 m/min, the ratio of the speed of the second roller to the speed of the first roller is 1.2-1.50, the main network pressure is 0.08-0.15 MPa, the temperature of the second hot box is 130-150 ℃, the overfeeding rate of the third roller is-4.0% -5.0%, and the overfeeding rate of winding forming is-5.5-7.5%.
The invention also provides the polyester fiber with large specific surface area prepared by the method, wherein the monofilament diameter of the polyester fiber with large specific surface area is 4.00-6.00 mu m; the dpf value of the polyester fiber with large specific surface area is less than 0.30, the specific surface area is 9.4X10 5~17×105 cm/g, under the condition that the number of the spinneret holes is the same, the smaller the spinneret holes are, the larger the specific surface area is, the breaking strength is 3.9-4.5 cN/dtex, the breaking strength CV value is less than or equal to 1.50%, the breaking elongation is 20.00% -23.00%, the breaking elongation CV value is less than or equal to 3.50%, the boiling water shrinkage is 2.50% -4.50%, the dyeing uniformity is 99.5+/-0.5%, and the appearance hairline rate is less than or equal to 0.05%;
The monofilament diameter of the pre-oriented yarn is 5.00-7.00 mu m; the linear density deviation rate of the pre-oriented yarn is less than or equal to 0.50%, the dpf value is less than 0.50, the specific surface area is 7.5x10 5~13.5×105 cm/g, the breaking strength is 2.7-3.1 cN/dtex, the breaking strength CV value is less than or equal to 2.00%, the breaking elongation is 113% -120%, the breaking elongation CV value is less than or equal to 1.20%, the evenness rate is less than 0.50%, the thermal stress is 30-70 cN, and the boiling water shrinkage rate is 40% -55%; the full-rolling rate is 99.5 plus or minus 0.50 percent.
Advantageous effects
(1) According to the preparation method of the polyester fiber with large specific surface area, the hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate is adopted, so that when the number of spinneret holes exceeds 96, the difference between heat exchange of the inner rings and the outer rings of the porous filaments and the special-shaped filaments is effectively improved, and the difference of cooling among monofilaments is reduced;
(2) The polyester fiber with large specific surface area, which is prepared by the invention, has large specific surface area, small breaking strength CV value and breaking elongation CV value and uniform chromaticity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a hole pitch gradient spinneret of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a single core dual orifice annular nozzle core;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a single core dual orifice annular nozzle core;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a 90℃steering wire guide;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a 90℃steering wire guide;
Wherein, 1-wire channel, 2-polyurethane polymer coating, 4-tow, 5-air flow, 6-air flow inlet and 7-annular channel.
Detailed Description
The application is further described below in conjunction with the detailed description. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present application, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.
The test method adopted by the invention is as follows:
(1) Pre-oriented yarn breaking strength, breaking strength CV value, elongation at break CV value: testing by using an imported full-automatic strong stretching instrument;
(2) Pre-oriented yarn trunk: testing by adopting a full-automatic evenness tester;
(3) Pre-oriented yarn thermal stress: testing by adopting a full-automatic fiber thermal stress meter;
(4) Pre-oriented yarn and polyester fiber boiling water shrinkage: testing by adopting a constant-temperature water bath method;
(5) Polyester fiber breaking strength, breaking strength CV value, breaking elongation CV value: testing by adopting a full-automatic single yarn strength tester;
(6) Appearance hairiness rate: observing through an electron microscope;
(7) Uniformity of staining: testing by adopting an ash card comparison method;
(8) The specific surface area calculation method of the circular hole polyester fiber comprises the following steps:
；
；
Wherein, T-SSA is terylene specific surface area, unit cm/g;
d is the diameter of the polyester fiber monofilament, and the unit is cm;
d is the density of polyester fiber monofilament yarns, and the unit dtex;
ρ is the density of the polyester fiber, which is generally 1.38 g/cm;
f is the number of polyester fiber monofilaments;
Wherein, the specific surface area of the polyester fiber with the same specification is calculated by the following steps: the specific surface area of the flat wire is 1.41 times of that of the round hole, and the cross-shaped specific surface area is 1.51 times of that of the round hole.
Example 1
A preparation method of polyester fiber with large specific surface area comprises the following specific processes:
Extruding the polyester melt from a spinneret plate with a surrounding heating device, passing through a vacuum closed space, and oiling, winding and forming after circular blowing and cooling to obtain a pre-oriented yarn with large specific surface area; the pre-oriented yarn sequentially passes through a pre-network, a first roller, a first heat box, a cooling plate, a false twister, a second roller, a main network device, a second heat box, a third roller, oiling and winding to finally prepare the polyester fiber with large specific surface area;
As shown in fig. 1, the spinneret plate is a spinneret plate with gradually-changed hole pitch, the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate are distributed in concentric circles, the number of the spinneret holes is 384, the number of the concentric circles is 9, and the diameter of the spinneret plate is 94mm;
In the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate, the innermost circle is marked as the 1 st circle, and the outermost circle is marked as the 9 th circle; the number of the 1 st to 9 th circles of spinneret holes is 7, 14, 22, 30, 40, 50, 61, 73 and 87 respectively; in the 1 st to 9 th circles, the spacing between every two adjacent spinning holes on the same circle is 7.25mm, 6.54mm, 5.84mm, 5.41mm, 4.82mm, 4.41mm, 4.03mm, 3.69mm and 3.33mm respectively; the diameters of the 1 st to 9 th circles are 16.17mm, 29.15mm, 40.95mm, 51.68mm, 61.43mm, 70.29mm, 78.35mm, 85.68mm and 92.34mm respectively;
The main network device comprises a single-core double-hole annular nozzle core;
The single-core double-hole annular nozzle core is of a cylindrical structure; the bottom surface of the cylinder is provided with a cylindrical groove; round tables with big top and small bottom are arranged in the grooves; the large end surface of the round table is fixedly connected with the bottom of the groove, and an annular channel is formed between the cylinder and the round table; the central axis of the round table is overlapped with the central axis of the cylinder;
2 nozzle holes are arranged on the single-core double-hole annular nozzle core, the 2 nozzle holes are distributed up and down, the horizontal incidence angles are 120 degrees, and the vertical incidence angles are 45 degrees; the upper surface of the cylinder is provided with a vertical hole which is communicated with the annular channel; as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the air streams 5 emitted by the two nozzle holes are all spiraled in the annular channel to move downwards, and can both network the tows 4; after the air flow ejected from the air flow inlet 6 by the nozzle hole at the upper part is in the network in the annular channel 7, the residual air flow continues to spiral and descend and is converged with the air flow 5 in the nozzle hole at the lower part, so that the purpose of fully utilizing the air flow 5 is achieved;
wherein, the outlet of the second hot box and the rear of the oiling roller needed by oiling are respectively provided with a 90-degree steering wire guide;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the 90 ° steering wire guide is an L-shaped structure consisting of a cube I and a cube II; wherein the cube I is positioned above the cube II;
The inside of the 90-degree steering wire guider is provided with a wire channel 1, the wire channel 1 is of an L-shaped structure, an inlet of the wire channel is communicated with the upper surface of the cube I, and an outlet of the wire channel 1 is positioned on the side surface of the cube II far away from the cube I;
The outlet of the wire channel 1 is of a horn-shaped structure, the steering angle of the wire channel 1 is a round angle of 90 degrees, and a layer of polyurethane polymer coating 2 is arranged on the inner wall of the wire channel 1;
the preparation process parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the temperature of the surrounding type heating device is 330 ℃, the height of the closed space is 40mm, the cooling wind pressure is 10Pa, the cooling wind temperature is 19 ℃, and the winding speed is 2820m/min;
the post-processing technological parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the pre-network pressure is 0.02MPa, the temperature of the first hot box is 210 ℃, the speed ratio of the false twister is 1.8, the speed of the second roller is 600m/min, the ratio of the speed of the second roller to the speed of the first roller is 1.2, the main network pressure is 0.08MPa, the temperature of the second hot box is 150 ℃, the overfeeding rate of the third roller is-4.00%, and the overfeeding rate of winding forming is-5.50%;
The filament diameter of the obtained pre-oriented yarn is 5.14 mu m; the linear density deviation of the pre-oriented yarn was 0.47%, the breaking strength was 2.71cN/dtex, the breaking strength CV value was 1.74%, the elongation at break was 110.7%, the elongation at break CV value was 1.2%, the evenness was 0.45%, the thermal stress was 59.32cN, the boiling water shrinkage was 48.76%, and the full package was 99.20%.
The monofilament diameter of the finally prepared polyester fiber with large specific surface area is 4.42 mu m; the polyester fiber with large specific surface area has breaking strength of 4.41cN/dtex, breaking strength CV value of 1.11%, breaking elongation of 21.53%, breaking elongation CV value of 2.71%, boiling water shrinkage of 3.36%, dyeing uniformity of 99.48% and no broken filaments.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of polyester fiber is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that the interval between the kth circle and the kth-1 circle on the spinneret plate is the same as the interval between the kth-1 circle and the kth-2 circle, and the spinneret orifices on each circle are uniformly distributed.
The linear density deviation rate of the prepared pre-oriented yarn is 1.29%, and the evenness rate is 1.12%.
The prepared polyester fiber has the breaking strength of 2.72cN/dtex, the breaking strength CV value of 3.81%, the breaking elongation of 20.98%, the breaking elongation CV value of 8.46%, the dyeing uniformity of 91.24% and the appearance hairiness of 2.92%.
Comparing the comparative example 1 with the example 1, it can be found that the pre-oriented yarn prepared in the comparative example 1 has higher breaking strength CV value and breaking elongation CV value, and the polyester fiber has poor dyeing uniformity and high appearance yarn breakage rate, because the filaments are more in the process of preparing the pre-oriented yarn, so that the filaments of the inner and outer rings are unevenly cooled, the outer rings are quickly cooled and the inner rings are slowly cooled, the filaments of the filament bundle have the effect of being fragile and tough, and the filaments of the outer side are not stretch-proof under the condition of a certain stretch ratio (namely, the speed ratio of the second roller to the first roller), the filaments of the inner side are not stretch-proof, the filaments are filament broken filaments, and the non-stretch-proof causes non-uniformity of physical properties.
Example 2
A preparation method of polyester fiber with large specific surface area comprises the following specific processes:
Extruding the polyester melt from a spinneret plate with a surrounding heating device, passing through a vacuum closed space, and oiling, winding and forming after circular blowing and cooling to obtain a pre-oriented yarn with large specific surface area; the pre-oriented yarn sequentially passes through a pre-network, a first roller, a first heat box, a cooling plate, a false twister, a second roller, a main network device, a second heat box, a third roller, oiling and winding to finally prepare the polyester fiber with large specific surface area;
The spinneret plate is a hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate, the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate are distributed in concentric circles, the number of the spinneret holes is 288, and the number of the concentric circles is 8;
In the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate, the innermost circle is marked as the 1 st circle, and the outermost circle is marked as the 8 th circle; the number of the 1 st to 8 th circles of spinning holes is 6, 13, 21, 29, 38, 49, 60 and 72 holes respectively; in the 1 st to 8 th circles, the spacing between every two adjacent spinning holes on the same circle is 8.27mm, 7.25mm, 6.42mm, 5.93mm, 5.41mm, 4.81mm, 4.39mm and 4.01mm respectively; the diameters of the 1 st to 8 th circles are 15.81mm, 30.04mm, 42.97mm, 54.73mm, 65.41mm, 75.13mm, 83.96mm and 91.99mm respectively;
The main network device comprises a single-core double-hole annular nozzle core;
The single-core double-hole annular nozzle core is of a cylindrical structure; the bottom surface of the cylinder is provided with a cylindrical groove; round tables with big top and small bottom are arranged in the grooves; the large end surface of the round table is fixedly connected with the bottom of the groove, and an annular channel is formed between the cylinder and the round table; the central axis of the round table is overlapped with the central axis of the cylinder;
2 nozzle holes are arranged on the single-core double-hole annular nozzle core, the 2 nozzle holes are distributed up and down, the horizontal incidence angles are 120 degrees, and the vertical incidence angles are 45 degrees; the upper surface of the cylinder is provided with a vertical hole which is communicated with the annular channel;
wherein, the outlet of the second hot box and the rear of the oiling roller needed by oiling are respectively provided with a 90-degree steering wire guide;
the 90-degree steering wire guide is of an L-shaped structure consisting of a cube I and a cube II; wherein the cube I is positioned above the cube II;
The inside of the 90-degree steering wire guider is provided with a wire channel which is of an L-shaped structure, an inlet of the wire channel is communicated with the upper surface of the cube I, and an outlet of the wire channel is positioned on the side surface of the cube II far away from the cube I;
the outlet of the wire-moving channel is in a horn-shaped structure, the steering angle of the wire-moving channel is 90 degrees of a round angle, and a layer of polyurethane polymer coating is arranged on the inner wall of the wire-moving channel;
the preparation process parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the temperature of the surrounding type heating device is 320 ℃, the height of the closed space is 44mm, the cooling wind pressure is 12Pa, the cooling wind temperature is 19 ℃, and the winding speed is 2900m/min;
The post-processing technological parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the pre-network pressure is 0.03MPa, the temperature of the first hot box is 210 ℃, the speed ratio of the false twister is 1.68, the speed of the second roller is 650m/min, the ratio of the speed of the second roller to the speed of the first roller is 1.5, the main network pressure is 0.1MPa, the temperature of the second hot box is 145 ℃, the overfeeding rate of the third roller is-3.30%, and the overfeeding rate of winding forming is-4.50%;
The filament diameter of the obtained pre-oriented yarn was 6.28 μm; the linear density deviation of the pre-oriented yarn was 0.22%, the breaking strength was 2.78cN/dtex, the breaking strength CV value was 1.4%, the breaking elongation was 118.4%, the breaking elongation CV value was 0.9%, the evenness was 0.42%, the thermal stress was 65.4cN, the boiling water shrinkage was 54.88%, and the full package was 99.50%.
The monofilament diameter of the finally prepared polyester fiber with large specific surface area is 5.14 mu m; the polyester fiber with large specific surface area has breaking strength of 4.34cN/dtex, breaking strength CV value of 1.07%, breaking elongation of 22.56%, breaking elongation CV value of 3.05%, boiling water shrinkage of 2.92%, dyeing uniformity of 99.71% and no hairiness appearance.
Example 3
A preparation method of polyester fiber with large specific surface area comprises the following specific processes:
Extruding the polyester melt from a spinneret plate with a surrounding heating device, passing through a vacuum closed space, and oiling, winding and forming after circular blowing and cooling to obtain a pre-oriented yarn with large specific surface area; the pre-oriented yarn sequentially passes through a pre-network, a first roller, a first heat box, a cooling plate, a false twister, a second roller, a main network device, a second heat box, a third roller, oiling and winding to finally prepare the polyester fiber with large specific surface area;
the spinneret plate is a hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate, the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate are distributed in concentric circles, the number of the spinneret holes is 145, and the number of the concentric circles is 6;
in the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate, the innermost circle is marked as the 1 st circle, and the outermost circle is marked as the 6 th circle; the number of the 1 st to 6 th circles of spinning holes is 5, 12, 19, 27, 36 and 46 respectively; in the 1 st to 6 th circles, the spacing between every two adjacent spinning holes on the same circle is 9.94mm, 8.85mm, 8.3mm, 7.57mm, 6.86mm and 6.21mm respectively; the diameters of the 1 st to 6 th circles are 15.83mm, 33.84mm, 50.21mm, 65.1mm, 78.63mm and 90.93mm respectively;
The main network device comprises a single-core double-hole annular nozzle core;
The single-core double-hole annular nozzle core is of a cylindrical structure; the bottom surface of the cylinder is provided with a cylindrical groove; round tables with big top and small bottom are arranged in the grooves; the large end surface of the round table is fixedly connected with the bottom of the groove, and an annular channel is formed between the cylinder and the round table; the central axis of the round table is overlapped with the central axis of the cylinder;
2 nozzle holes are arranged on the single-core double-hole annular nozzle core, the 2 nozzle holes are distributed up and down, the horizontal incidence angles are 120 degrees, and the vertical incidence angles are 45 degrees; the upper surface of the cylinder is provided with a vertical hole which is communicated with the annular channel;
wherein, the outlet of the second hot box and the rear of the oiling roller needed by oiling are respectively provided with a 90-degree steering wire guide;
the 90-degree steering wire guide is of an L-shaped structure consisting of a cube I and a cube II; wherein the cube I is positioned above the cube II;
The inside of the 90-degree steering wire guider is provided with a wire channel which is of an L-shaped structure, an inlet of the wire channel is communicated with the upper surface of the cube I, and an outlet of the wire channel is positioned on the side surface of the cube II far away from the cube I;
the outlet of the wire-moving channel is in a horn-shaped structure, the steering angle of the wire-moving channel is 90 degrees of a round angle, and a layer of polyurethane polymer coating is arranged on the inner wall of the wire-moving channel;
the preparation process parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the temperature of the surrounding type heating device is 315 ℃, the height of the closed space is 45mm, the cooling wind pressure is 14Pa, the cooling wind temperature is 20 ℃, and the winding speed is 2950m/min;
the post-processing technological parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the pre-network pressure is 0.025MPa, the temperature of the first hot box is 205 ℃, the speed ratio of the false twister is 1.61, the speed of the second roller is 460m/min, the ratio of the speed of the second roller to the speed of the first roller is 1.45, the main network pressure is 0.12MPa, the temperature of the second hot box is 140 ℃, the overfeed rate of the third roller is 2.35%, and the overfeed rate of winding forming is 1.50%;
The filament diameter of the prepared pre-oriented yarn is 5.56 mu m; the linear density deviation of the pre-oriented yarn was 0.10%, the breaking strength was 3.03cN/dtex, the breaking strength CV value was 0.8%, the breaking elongation was 113.5%, the breaking elongation CV value was 1.1%, the evenness was 0.47%, the thermal stress was 39.28cN, the boiling water shrinkage was 43.04%, and the full package was 99.40%.
The monofilament diameter of the finally prepared polyester fiber with large specific surface area is 4.41 mu m; the polyester fiber with large specific surface area has breaking strength of 4.05cN/dtex, breaking strength CV value of 1.35%, breaking elongation of 20.24%, breaking elongation CV value of 2.34%, boiling water shrinkage of 4.12%, dyeing uniformity of 99.75% and no broken filaments.
Example 4
A preparation method of polyester fiber with large specific surface area comprises the following specific processes:
Extruding the polyester melt from a spinneret plate with a surrounding heating device, passing through a vacuum closed space, and oiling, winding and forming after circular blowing and cooling to obtain a pre-oriented yarn with large specific surface area; the pre-oriented yarn sequentially passes through a pre-network, a first roller, a first heat box, a cooling plate, a false twister, a second roller, a main network device, a second heat box, a third roller, oiling and winding to finally prepare the polyester fiber with large specific surface area;
the spinneret plate is a hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate, the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate are distributed in concentric circles, the number of the spinneret holes is 216, and the number of the concentric circles is 7;
In the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate, the innermost circle is marked as the 1 st circle, and the outermost circle is marked as the 7 th circle; the number of the 1 st to 7 th circles of spinning holes is 6, 13, 21, 29, 38, 49 and 60 holes respectively; in the 1 st to 7 th circles, the spacing between every two adjacent spinning holes on the same circle is 9.01mm, 7.91mm, 7.01mm, 6.46mm, 5.9mm, 5.25mm and 4.79mm respectively; the diameters of the 1 st to 7 th circles are 17.21mm, 32.74mm, 46.85mm, 59.68mm, 71.35mm, 81.95mm and 91.59mm respectively;
The main network device comprises a single-core double-hole annular nozzle core;
The single-core double-hole annular nozzle core is of a cylindrical structure; the bottom surface of the cylinder is provided with a cylindrical groove; round tables with big top and small bottom are arranged in the grooves; the large end surface of the round table is fixedly connected with the bottom of the groove, and an annular channel is formed between the cylinder and the round table; the central axis of the round table is overlapped with the central axis of the cylinder;
2 nozzle holes are arranged on the single-core double-hole annular nozzle core, the 2 nozzle holes are distributed up and down, the horizontal incidence angles are 120 degrees, and the vertical incidence angles are 45 degrees; the upper surface of the cylinder is provided with a vertical hole which is communicated with the annular channel;
wherein, the outlet of the second hot box and the rear of the oiling roller needed by oiling are respectively provided with a 90-degree steering wire guide;
the 90-degree steering wire guide is of an L-shaped structure consisting of a cube I and a cube II; wherein the cube I is positioned above the cube II;
The inside of the 90-degree steering wire guider is provided with a wire channel which is of an L-shaped structure, an inlet of the wire channel is communicated with the upper surface of the cube I, and an outlet of the wire channel is positioned on the side surface of the cube II far away from the cube I;
the outlet of the wire-moving channel is in a horn-shaped structure, the steering angle of the wire-moving channel is 90 degrees of a round angle, and a layer of polyurethane polymer coating is arranged on the inner wall of the wire-moving channel;
the preparation process parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the temperature of the surrounding type heating device is 310 ℃, the height of the closed space is 45mm, the cooling wind pressure is 14Pa, the cooling wind temperature is 21 ℃, and the winding speed is 3100m/min;
The post-processing technological parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the pre-network pressure is 0.03MPa, the temperature of the first hot box is 210 ℃, the speed ratio of the false twister is 1.75, the speed of the second roller is 520m/min, the ratio of the speed of the second roller to the speed of the first roller is 1.5, the main network pressure is 0.15MPa, the temperature of the second hot box is 140 ℃, the overfeeding rate of the third roller is-0.20%, and the overfeeding rate of winding forming is-0.80%;
The filament diameter of the prepared pre-oriented yarn is 5.85 mu m; the linear density deviation of the pre-oriented yarn was 0.18%, the breaking strength was 2.75cN/dtex, the breaking strength CV value was 1.9%, the elongation at break was 118.1%, the elongation at break CV value was 0.6%, the evenness was 0.36%, the thermal stress was 48.31cN, the boiling water shrinkage was 42.76%, and the full package was 99.50%.
The monofilament diameter of the finally prepared polyester fiber with large specific surface area is 4.81 mu m; the polyester fiber with large specific surface area has breaking strength of 3.97cN/dtex, breaking strength CV value of 1.22%, breaking elongation of 21.11%, breaking elongation CV value of 2.86%, boiling water shrinkage of 3.04%, dyeing uniformity of 99.89% and no broken filaments in appearance.
Example 5
A preparation method of polyester fiber with large specific surface area comprises the following specific processes:
Extruding the polyester melt from a spinneret plate with a surrounding heating device, passing through a vacuum closed space, and oiling, winding and forming after circular blowing and cooling to obtain a pre-oriented yarn with large specific surface area; the pre-oriented yarn sequentially passes through a pre-network, a first roller, a first heat box, a cooling plate, a false twister, a second roller, a main network device, a second heat box, a third roller, oiling and winding to finally prepare the polyester fiber with large specific surface area;
the spinneret plate is a hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate, the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate are distributed in concentric circles, the number of the spinneret holes is 145, and the number of the concentric circles is 6;
in the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate, the innermost circle is marked as the 1 st circle, and the outermost circle is marked as the 6 th circle; the number of the 1 st to 6 th circles of spinning holes is 5, 12, 19, 27, 36 and 46 respectively; in the 1 st to 6 th circles, the spacing between every two adjacent spinning holes on the same circle is 9.94mm, 8.85mm, 8.3mm, 7.57mm, 6.86mm and 6.21mm respectively; the diameters of the 1 st to 6 th circles are 15.83mm, 33.84mm, 50.21mm, 65.1mm, 78.63mm and 90.93mm respectively;
The main network device comprises a single-core double-hole annular nozzle core;
The single-core double-hole annular nozzle core is of a cylindrical structure; the bottom surface of the cylinder is provided with a cylindrical groove; round tables with big top and small bottom are arranged in the grooves; the large end surface of the round table is fixedly connected with the bottom of the groove, and an annular channel is formed between the cylinder and the round table; the central axis of the round table is overlapped with the central axis of the cylinder;
2 nozzle holes are arranged on the single-core double-hole annular nozzle core, the 2 nozzle holes are distributed up and down, the horizontal incidence angles are 120 degrees, and the vertical incidence angles are 45 degrees; the upper surface of the cylinder is provided with a vertical hole which is communicated with the annular channel;
wherein, the outlet of the second hot box and the rear of the oiling roller needed by oiling are respectively provided with a 90-degree steering wire guide;
the 90-degree steering wire guide is of an L-shaped structure consisting of a cube I and a cube II; wherein the cube I is positioned above the cube II;
The inside of the 90-degree steering wire guider is provided with a wire channel which is of an L-shaped structure, an inlet of the wire channel is communicated with the upper surface of the cube I, and an outlet of the wire channel is positioned on the side surface of the cube II far away from the cube I;
the outlet of the wire-moving channel is in a horn-shaped structure, the steering angle of the wire-moving channel is 90 degrees of a round angle, and a layer of polyurethane polymer coating is arranged on the inner wall of the wire-moving channel;
the preparation process parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the temperature of the surrounding type heating device is 300 ℃, the height of the closed space is 50mm, the cooling wind pressure is 15Pa, the cooling wind temperature is 21 ℃, and the winding speed is 2980m/min;
The post-processing technological parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the pre-network pressure is 0.025MPa, the temperature of the first hot box is 200 ℃, the speed ratio of the false twister is 1.5, the speed of the second roller is 620m/min, the ratio of the speed of the second roller to the speed of the first roller is 1.35, the main network pressure is 0.1MPa, the temperature of the second hot box is 130 ℃, the overfeed rate of the third roller is 4.75%, and the overfeed rate of winding forming is 7.50%;
The filament diameter of the obtained pre-oriented yarn is 7.16 mu m; the linear density deviation of the pre-oriented yarn was 0.14%, the breaking strength was 2.76cN/dtex, the breaking strength CV value was 1.3%, the elongation at break was 113.7%, the elongation at break CV value was 0.7%, the evenness was 0.24%, the thermal stress was 45.83cN, the boiling water shrinkage was 45.64%, and the full package was 99.60%.
The monofilament diameter of the finally prepared polyester fiber with large specific surface area is 5.89 mu m; the polyester fiber with large specific surface area has breaking strength of 4.12cN/dtex, breaking strength CV value of 1.45%, breaking elongation of 21.35%, breaking elongation CV value of 3.47%, boiling water shrinkage of 3.24%, dyeing uniformity of 99.45% and no broken filaments.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method of polyester fiber with large specific surface area includes extruding polyester melt from spinneret plate with surrounding heating device, vacuum sealing, circular blowing cooling, oiling, winding and forming to obtain pre-oriented yarn with large specific surface area; the pre-oriented yarn sequentially passes through a pre-network, a first roller, a first hot box, a cooling plate, a false twister, a second roller, a main network device, a second hot box, a third roller, oiling and winding to finally prepare the polyester fiber with large specific surface area, and the method is characterized in that the spinneret plate is a hole pitch gradual change spinneret plate, the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate are distributed in concentric circles, the number of the spinneret holes is greater than or equal to 96, the number of the concentric circles is n, and n is greater than or equal to 3;
Of the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate, the innermost circle is marked as the 1 st circle, the outermost circle is marked as the nth circle, the spacing between the kth-1 th circle and the kth-2 th circle is 1.1 times of the spacing between the kth circle and the kth-1 th circle, the spacing between the adjacent 2 spinneret holes on the kth-1 th circle is 1.10+/-0.04 times of the spacing between the adjacent 2 spinneret holes on the kth circle, the spacing between the adjacent 2 spinneret holes on the kth-2 th circle is 1.10+/-0.04 times of the spacing between the adjacent 2 spinneret holes on the kth-1 th circle, and k is more than 2 and is less than or equal to n;
The main network device comprises a single-core double-hole annular nozzle core;
The single-core double-hole annular nozzle core is of a cylindrical structure; the bottom surface of the cylinder is provided with a cylindrical groove; round tables with big top and small bottom are arranged in the grooves; the large end surface of the round table is fixedly connected with the bottom of the groove, and an annular channel is formed between the cylinder and the round table; the central axis of the round table is overlapped with the central axis of the cylinder;
2 nozzle holes are arranged on the single-core double-hole annular nozzle core, the 2 nozzle holes are distributed up and down, the horizontal incidence angles are 120+/-5 degrees, and the vertical incidence angles are 45+/-5 degrees; the upper surface of the cylinder is provided with vertical holes which are communicated with the annular channel.
2. The method for preparing the polyester fiber with large specific surface area according to claim 1, wherein the pre-oriented yarn is further arranged at the outlet of the second hot box and behind the oiling roller required by oiling through a 90-degree steering yarn guide, wherein the number of the 90-degree steering yarn guides is 2;
the 90-degree steering wire guide is of an L-shaped structure consisting of a cube I and a cube II; wherein the cube I is positioned above the cube II;
The inside of the 90-degree steering wire guider is provided with a wire-moving channel which is of an L-shaped structure, an inlet of the wire-moving channel is communicated with the upper surface of the cube I, and an outlet of the wire-moving channel is positioned on the side surface of the cube II away from the cube I;
The steering angle of the wire-running channel is 90 degrees, and the inner wall of the wire-running channel is provided with a polyurethane polymer coating.
3. The method for preparing the polyester fiber with large specific surface area according to claim 2, wherein the outlet of the yarn feeding channel is of a horn-shaped structure.
4. The method for preparing the polyester fiber with large specific surface area according to claim 1, wherein the preparation process parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the temperature of the surrounding type heating device is 300-330 ℃, the height of the closed space is 40-50 mm, the cooling wind pressure is 10-15 Pa, and the cooling wind temperature is 19-21 ℃;
the post-processing technological parameters of the pre-oriented yarn are as follows: the pre-network pressure is 0.02-0.03 MPa, the temperature of the first hot box is 200-210 ℃, the speed ratio of the false twister is 1.5-1.7, the speed of the second roller is 450-650 m/min, the ratio of the speed of the second roller to the speed of the first roller is 1.2-1.50, the main network pressure is 0.08-0.15 MPa, the temperature of the second hot box is 130-150 ℃, the overfeeding rate of the third roller is-4.0% -5.0%, and the overfeeding rate of winding forming is-5.5-7.5%.
5. The polyester fiber with large specific surface area prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the monofilament diameter of the polyester fiber with large specific surface area is 4.00 to 6.00 μm; the breaking strength of the polyester fiber with large specific surface area is 3.95-4.20 cN/dtex, the CV value of the breaking strength is less than or equal to 1.50%, the breaking elongation is 20.00% -23.00%, the CV value of the breaking elongation is less than or equal to 3.50%, the dyeing uniformity is 99.5+/-0.5%, and the appearance hairiness rate is less than or equal to 0.05%;
the monofilament diameter of the pre-oriented yarn is 5.00-7.00 mu m; the deviation rate of the linear density of the pre-oriented yarn is less than or equal to 0.50 percent, and the unevenness rate of the yarn is less than 0.50 percent.
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