CN117651238B - Audio playing method, audio compensation coefficient determining method and automobile - Google Patents
Audio playing method, audio compensation coefficient determining method and automobile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an audio playing method, an audio compensation coefficient determining method and an automobile, and relates to the technical field of audio processing. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an audio signal to be played, which is to be played in multiple channels, and compensation coefficients of the multiple channels; based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, respectively carrying out compensation processing on the audio signals to be played to obtain channel audio signals of the channels; respectively playing channel audio signals of the channels; wherein the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels are determined based on the target audio signal for which the compensation coefficients are to be determined and the desired audio signals of the plurality of channels. The invention can automatically determine the compensation coefficient of each channel, and reduce the dependence on the experience of an acoustic engineer, thereby improving the determination accuracy of the compensation coefficient, further improving the audio playing effect, and further improving the determination efficiency of the compensation coefficient without consuming a large amount of manpower and material resources.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of audio processing technologies, and in particular, to an audio playing method, a method for determining an audio compensation coefficient, and an automobile.
Background
With the rapid development of audio processing technology, the requirements of people on audio are higher and higher, for example, the application of active sound waves in the automobile driving field is wider and wider. Generally, an acoustic engineer completes the active acoustic wave sound effect design of a single channel on a bench, however, a plurality of speakers are mostly arranged in a real vehicle, that is, the active acoustic wave needs to realize multi-channel output, so tuning of the active acoustic wave, that is, adjusting gain parameters, filtering parameters, delay parameters and the like of each speaker according to the real vehicle condition, so as to multiplex the designed active acoustic wave of the single channel into multi-channel audio output.
Currently, an acoustic engineer adjusts audio parameters for multiplexing into multiple channels according to the number of speakers (number of channels) of a real vehicle, positions of the speakers, sound field environment in the real vehicle, and subjective feeling of the acoustic engineer, so as to restore the active sound wave effect of a single channel on a rack as much as possible. However, in the real vehicle tuning process, the experience of the acoustic engineer is too depended, so that the final restored audio effect is poor, and a lot of manpower and material resources are required to be consumed, that is, the adjusting efficiency of the audio parameters is low. In summary, the prior art will result in a reduced audio playback effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an audio playing method, an audio compensation coefficient determining method and an automobile, which are used for solving the defects of poor adjusting effect and low adjusting efficiency of audio parameters in the prior art, realizing an efficient and accurate audio compensation coefficient determining mode and improving the audio playing effect.
The invention provides an audio playing method, which comprises the following steps:
Acquiring an audio signal to be played, which is to be played in multiple channels, and compensation coefficients of the multiple channels;
Based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, respectively carrying out compensation processing on the audio signals to be played to obtain channel audio signals of the channels;
respectively playing channel audio signals of the channels;
Wherein the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels are determined based on the target audio signal for which the compensation coefficients are to be determined and the desired audio signals of the plurality of channels.
According to the audio playing method provided by the invention, the compensation coefficients of the channels are determined based on the following modes:
Acquiring a target audio signal of a compensation coefficient to be determined and preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels;
based on preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, carrying out multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signals to obtain expected audio signals of the multiple channels;
And determining compensation coefficients of the channels based on the target audio signal and the expected audio signals of the channels, wherein the compensation coefficient of any channel is used for carrying out compensation processing on the target audio signal to obtain the expected audio signals of the channels.
According to the audio playing method provided by the invention, the multi-channel disassembly is performed on the target audio signal based on the preset audio parameters of the multiple channels to obtain the expected audio signals of the multiple channels, which comprises the following steps:
based on preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, carrying out multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signals to obtain expected signals of the multiple channels at the listening position;
And determining the expected audio signals of the channels at the playing positions based on the expected signals of the channels at the listening positions and the transfer loss functions of the channels, wherein the transfer loss function of any channel is used for representing the transfer loss of the audio signals of the channels at the playing positions to the listening positions.
According to the audio playing method provided by the invention, the transfer loss function of any channel is determined based on the following modes:
Acquiring a test audio signal of the channel at a playing position and an actual audio signal of the channel at a listening position;
A transfer loss function of the channel is determined based on the test audio signal and the actual audio signal.
According to the audio playing method provided by the invention, the determining the transfer loss function of the channel based on the test audio signal and the actual audio signal comprises the following steps:
Determining a first covariance matrix of the test audio signal and a first cross-correlation vector of the test audio signal and the actual audio signal;
A transfer loss function of the channel is determined based on an inverse of the first covariance matrix and the first cross-correlation vector.
According to the audio playing method provided by the invention, the determining the expected audio signals of the channels at the playing positions based on the expected signals of the channels at the listening positions and the transfer loss functions of the channels comprises the following steps:
Respectively converting the expected signals of the channels at the listening position into expected frequency domain signals belonging to the frequency domain;
Determining a desired audio frequency domain signal of the plurality of channels at a play position based on the desired frequency domain signals of the plurality of channels and a transfer loss function of the plurality of channels;
And respectively converting the desired audio frequency domain signals of the channels into desired audio signals belonging to time domains.
According to the audio playing method provided by the invention, the preset audio parameters comprise gain parameters and frequency band parameters; the multi-channel disassembly is performed on the target audio signal based on the preset audio parameters of the multiple channels to obtain the expected signals of the multiple channels at the listening position, including:
Performing gain processing on the target audio signals based on the gain parameters of the channels to obtain gain audio signals of the channels;
and respectively carrying out filtering processing on the gain audio signals of the channels based on the frequency band parameters of the channels to obtain expected signals of the channels at the listening position.
According to the audio playing method provided by the invention, the compensation coefficient of any channel is determined based on the following modes:
Determining a second covariance matrix of the target audio signal and a second cross-correlation vector of the target audio signal and the desired audio signal of the channel;
And determining a compensation coefficient of the channel based on an inverse matrix of the second covariance matrix and the second cross-correlation vector.
The invention also provides a method for determining the audio compensation coefficient, which comprises the following steps:
Acquiring a target audio signal of a compensation coefficient to be determined and preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels;
based on preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, carrying out multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signals to obtain expected audio signals of the multiple channels;
And determining compensation coefficients of the channels based on the target audio signal and the expected audio signals of the channels, wherein the compensation coefficient of any channel is used for carrying out compensation processing on the target audio signal to obtain the expected audio signals of the channels.
The present invention also provides an automobile comprising:
A plurality of audio output devices for playing audio signals of a plurality of channels, respectively;
and the processor runs a computer program, and realizes the audio playing method according to any one of the above or realizes the audio compensation coefficient determining method according to any one of the above when the processor executes the computer program.
The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes any one of the audio playing methods or any one of the audio compensation coefficient determining methods when executing the program.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements an audio playback method as described in any one of the above, or implements a method of determining an audio compensation coefficient as described in any one of the above.
According to the audio playing method, the audio compensation coefficient determining method and the automobile, the audio signals to be played and the compensation coefficients of a plurality of channels are obtained, the audio signals to be played are respectively compensated based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, the channel audio signals of the channels are obtained, the channel audio signals of the channels are respectively played, the compensation coefficients of the channels are automatically determined based on the target audio signals of the compensation coefficients to be determined and the expected audio signals of the channels, the compensation coefficients of the channels are automatically determined, the dependence on experience of an acoustic engineer is reduced, the determination accuracy of the compensation coefficients is improved, finally the audio signals with optimal audio effects can be restored and obtained based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, the audio playing effect is improved, a large amount of manpower and material resources are not consumed, the determination time of the compensation coefficients is saved, and the determination efficiency of the compensation coefficients is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an audio playing method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining an audio compensation coefficient according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of audio processing according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second flow chart of a method for determining an audio compensation coefficient according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
With the rapid development of audio processing technology, people have increasingly high requirements on audio, for example, active sound waves are increasingly widely applied in the field of automobile driving, so as to greatly improve the riding experience of passengers. Generally, an acoustic engineer performs active acoustic wave sound effect design (such as sound design and parameter design of a control strategy) of a single channel on a bench, however, a plurality of speakers are mostly arranged in a real vehicle, that is, active acoustic waves are required to realize multi-channel output, so tuning of the active acoustic waves, that is, adjusting gain parameters, filtering parameters, delay parameters and the like of each speaker according to the real vehicle condition, is required to multiplex the designed active acoustic waves of the single channel into multi-channel audio output.
Currently, an acoustic engineer adjusts audio parameters for multiplexing into multiple channels according to the number of speakers (number of channels) of a real vehicle, positions of the speakers, sound field environment in the real vehicle, and subjective feeling of the acoustic engineer, so as to restore the active sound wave effect of a single channel on a rack as much as possible. However, in the real vehicle tuning process, the experience of the acoustic engineer is too depended, so that the final restored audio effect is poor, and a lot of manpower and material resources are required to be consumed, that is, the adjusting efficiency of the audio parameters is low. In summary, the prior art will result in a reduced audio playback effect.
For example, the prior art CN111031446a, a sound generating system and method for automatically compensating the transfer function of the audio channel, proposes a method for compensating the transfer function of the audio channel of the passive sound generating unit, however, only compensates the audio channel of the passive sound generating unit, and only considers the audio channel compensation of single input and single output, and the active sound wave algorithm output signal is a complex system for determining the active signal, and the power amplifying system and the real vehicle environment are complex systems with multiple channels.
For another example, in the prior art CN112259067a, an active wave device for an automobile and a control method thereof are provided, and the active wave device for an automobile sends a same-amplitude reverse signal through a speaker to correct the overall effect of the active wave audio in the automobile, however, the sound of an engine or a motor in the automobile is considered, and the sound of the same-amplitude reverse signal is sent through the speaker to correct the overall effect of the wave audio in the automobile, but the complexity of the sound field environment of the real automobile and the specific problem of optimizing the sound effect of the real automobile are not considered, i.e. the real automobile environment is not considered to be a multi-channel complex system.
In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes the following embodiments. Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an audio playing method provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the audio playing method includes:
step 110, obtaining the audio signal to be played and the compensation coefficients of the channels.
Here, the audio signal to be played is an audio signal that needs to be multiplexed into multiple channels (multiple channels), that is, the audio signal to be played is an audio signal that needs to be output by a plurality of audio output devices (such as speakers).
In one embodiment, the audio signal to be played is an active sound wave signal. Further, the audio signal to be played is an active acoustic wave signal of a single channel on the rack. Further, the active sound wave signal is obtained through an active sound wave algorithm, and for example, the active sound wave signal is calculated and output in real time according to real vehicle reference signals (such as vehicle speed, rotating speed, torque and the like).
Wherein the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels are determined based on the target audio signal for which the compensation coefficients are to be determined and the desired audio signals of the plurality of channels.
It should be noted that, since the audio signals to be output of the channels are as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, Representation/>Time 1/>Input audio signal of individual speakers (i.e./>Audio signal to be output for individual channels)/>Is a linear convolution symbol,/>For the target audio signal at time k,/>For/>Compensation coefficients corresponding to the channels; and ignoring signal errors introduced by loudspeakers, i.e./>Setting desired audio signals of a plurality of channels to/>Further, the target audio signal/>, is knownOn the basis of (a), the compensation coefficient/>, can be obtained by back-pushing。
And 120, respectively performing compensation processing on the audio signals to be played based on the compensation coefficients of the channels to obtain channel audio signals of the channels.
Specifically, the compensation coefficient of any channel is used for performing compensation processing on the audio signal to be played to obtain the channel audio signal of the channel.
The invention discards the basic sound effect module (such as a gain module, a filtering module, a delay module and the like) of each channel after multiplexing, and only needs to determine the compensation coefficient of each channel based on the compensation module instead.
And 130, respectively playing the channel audio signals of the channels.
In a specific embodiment, the channel audio signals of the channels are played through a plurality of audio output devices (audio output apparatuses) corresponding to the channels.
According to the audio playing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the audio signals to be played and the compensation coefficients of a plurality of channels are obtained, so that the audio signals to be played are respectively compensated based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, the channel audio signals of the channels are obtained, the channel audio signals of the channels are respectively played, the compensation coefficients of the channels are automatically determined based on the target audio signals of the compensation coefficients to be determined and the expected audio signals of the channels, so that the compensation coefficients of the channels are automatically determined, the dependence on experience of an acoustic engineer is reduced, the determination accuracy of the compensation coefficients is improved, finally, the audio signals with the best audio effect can be restored and obtained based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, the audio playing effect is improved, a large amount of manpower and material resources are not consumed, the determination time of the compensation coefficients is saved, and the determination efficiency of the compensation coefficients is improved.
Based on the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a method for determining an audio compensation coefficient, and fig. 2 is one of the flow charts of the method for determining an audio compensation coefficient provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, where the method for determining an audio compensation coefficient includes (the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels are determined based on the following manner):
Step 210, obtaining a target audio signal with compensation coefficients to be determined, and preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels.
Here, the target audio signal is an audio signal that needs to be multiplexed into multiple channels (multiple channels), that is, the target audio signal is an audio signal that needs to be output by a plurality of audio output devices (such as speakers); based on this, the compensation coefficient to be determined for the target audio signal is a plurality of, i.e., one channel corresponds to one compensation coefficient, in other words, the target audio signal is an audio signal for which a compensation coefficient set is to be determined.
In one embodiment, the target audio signal is an active acoustic wave signal. Further, the target audio signal is a single channel active acoustic wave signal on the gantry. Further, the active sound wave signal is obtained through an active sound wave algorithm, and for example, the active sound wave signal is calculated and output in real time according to real vehicle reference signals (such as vehicle speed, rotating speed, torque and the like).
The target audio signal may be an audio signal at one time instant to enable real-time audio compensation coefficient determination, or may be an audio signal comprising a plurality of time instants (multi-frames).
In consideration of the fact that the target audio signal is the audio signal with the best audio effect, after multiplexing into the multi-channel output, the combined signal of the multi-channel output signals should also be the target audio signal, so that the audio heard by the human ear is the audio with the best audio effect, and based on this, the target audio signal is also the target signal.
For example, a plurality of audio output devices (such as speakers) are provided to output multi-channel audio, respectively, and to facilitate the determination of the audio signal of the listening position, an audio input device (such as a microphone) is provided to collect the audio signal, and the target audio signal is the most original signal and is also the audio signal that the audio input device desires to collect.
For the purpose of more clear explanation of the inventive concept, an active acoustic wave scenario is described herein as an example. As shown in fig. 3, the invention discards the basic sound effect module (such as the gain module, the filtering module, the delay module and the like) of each channel after multiplexing, and only needs to determine the compensation coefficient of each channel based on the compensation module instead. Specifically, a plurality of speakers corresponding to multiple channels are arranged in a real vehicle environment, and a microphone is arranged in the real vehicle environment and used for simulating a listening position, can be removed in the use of an automobile, and can be only used for the embodiment of the invention; after the target audio signal is subjected to compensation processing of the compensation coefficient of each channel, the signal to be output of each channel is obtained，/>，…，/>Respectively outputting audio output signals through the speakers corresponding to the channels，/>，…，/>Each audio output signal is transmitted to the microphone through transmission loss to respectively input each audio signal/>, which is to be input，/>，…，/>The audio signals to be input are combined at the microphone into an input audio signal/>. In other words, each loudspeaker will pass through the compensation coefficient/>, in the power amplification system，/>，…，/>Processed Signal/>，，…，/>Broadcast out and receive the superimposed signal/>, at the microphone of the real vehicle environment; Wherein the transfer loss function between each loudspeaker and the microphone is/>M is the number of speakers used to play audio.
Based on the above, the power amplification system is a single-input multi-output system, and the audio signals to be output of each channel output by the power amplification system are as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, Representation/>Time 1/>Input audio signal of individual speakers (i.e./>Audio signal to be output for individual channels)/>Is a linear convolution symbol,/>For the target audio signal at time k,/>For/>Compensation coefficients corresponding to the channels.
Based on the above, the real vehicle environment is a multiple-input single-output system, and the superimposed signal is received at the microphoneThe method comprises the following steps:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, For/>Superimposed signal acquired by time microphone,/>Is a linear convolution symbol,/>Is the firstTransfer loss function of speaker to microphone,/>For/>Time 1/>The output audio signals of the speakers, M, are the number of speakers used to play audio.
Based on the above, the invention ignores the signal error brought by the loudspeaker, namelyThe superimposed signal received at the microphone/>The method comprises the following steps:
。
based on the above, it is desirable to expect a superimposed signal in which audio signals transmitted from the speakers received by the microphones are superimposed As close as possible to the target audio signal/>I.e./>. Based on this, to the superimposed signalMultichannel disassembly, i.e. for the target audio signal/>Multichannel disassembly (separation) to obtain the signals/>, at each speaker to microphoneThe method is specifically as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, For/>Time 1/>The individual loudspeakers arrive at the signal at the microphone.
Step 220, performing multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signal based on the preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, to obtain desired audio signals of the multiple channels.
Here, the preset audio parameters are set according to actual conditions. Further, the preset audio parameters are obtained by calibration of an acoustic engineer according to actual conditions. The preset audio parameters of any channel can process the expected audio signal of the channel to obtain a target audio signal, and correspondingly, the expected audio signal of the channel can be obtained by processing the target audio signal based on the preset audio parameters of the channel. One channel corresponds to one preset audio parameter.
Considering that the working frequency bands of the speakers at different positions are different, the process of performing multichannel disassembly on the target audio signal can be based on the principles of the working frequency bands and the energy sizes of the speakers, and the acoustic engineer can set preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels according to actual conditions, wherein the preset audio parameters can include but are not limited to: gain parameters and band parameters, etc.
In an embodiment, the target audio signal is subjected to multi-channel disassembly based on gain parameters of the plurality of channels, so as to obtain desired audio signals of the plurality of channels.
In another embodiment, the target audio signal is subjected to multi-channel disassembly based on the frequency band parameters of the plurality of channels, so as to obtain the desired audio signals of the plurality of channels.
In another embodiment, gain processing is performed on the target audio signal based on gain parameters of the plurality of channels, so as to obtain gain audio signals of the plurality of channels; and respectively carrying out filtering processing on the gain audio signals of the channels based on the frequency band parameters of the channels to obtain expected audio signals of the channels.
In another embodiment, filtering processing is performed on the target audio signals based on the frequency band parameters of the plurality of channels, so as to obtain filtered audio signals of the plurality of channels; and respectively performing gain processing on the filtered audio signals of the channels based on the gain parameters of the channels to obtain expected audio signals of the channels.
For ease of understanding, the active acoustic wave field is described herein as an example. It is assumed that 1 mid-high pitch center speaker SPK1 (at the tail), 4 mid-low pitch door speakers SPK2, SPK3, SPK4, SPK5, and 1 heavy low pitch (subwoofer) SPK6 (at the head) are used to play active sound waves, and a microphone is provided at the center in the real vehicle. Based on this, the acoustic engineer may adjust the frequency band and gain of the desired signal output by each speaker based on the following table 1 (the frequency band unit is Hz in table 1), that is, the parameters in table 1 are reference values, and specific gain parameters and frequency band parameters are calibrated by the acoustic engineer according to the actual situation.
TABLE 1
Step 230, determining compensation coefficients for the plurality of channels based on the target audio signal and the desired audio signals for the plurality of channels.
And the compensation coefficient of any channel is used for carrying out compensation processing on the target audio signal to obtain the expected audio signal of the channel.
It should be noted that due toAnd ignoring signal errors introduced by the loudspeaker, i.e./>Setting desired audio signals of a plurality of channels to/>Further, the target audio signal/>, is knownOn the basis of (a), the compensation coefficient/>, can be obtained by back-pushing。
According to the audio playing method or the audio compensation coefficient determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the target audio signal of the compensation coefficient to be determined and the preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels are obtained, the target audio signal is disassembled in a plurality of channels based on the preset audio parameters of the plurality of channels to obtain the expected audio signals of the plurality of channels, the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels are determined based on the target audio signal and the expected audio signals of the plurality of channels, so that the compensation coefficients of the channels are automatically determined, the dependence on the experience of an acoustic engineer is reduced, the accuracy of determining the compensation coefficients is improved, finally, the audio signal with the best audio effect can be restored and obtained based on the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels, the audio effect is improved, a great amount of manpower and material resources are not consumed, the determination time of the compensation coefficients is saved, and the determination efficiency of the compensation coefficients is improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, fig. 4 is a second flowchart of a method for determining an audio compensation coefficient according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the step 220 includes:
Step 221, performing multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signal based on the preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, so as to obtain the desired signals of the multiple channels at the listening position.
Here, the listening position is a preset position, and is set according to the position of the ear, for example.
In an embodiment, the target audio signal is subjected to multi-channel disassembly based on gain parameters of the channels, so as to obtain desired signals of the channels at the listening position.
In another embodiment, the target audio signal is subjected to multi-channel disassembly based on the frequency band parameters of the channels, so as to obtain the desired signals of the channels at the listening position.
In another embodiment, gain processing is performed on the target audio signal based on gain parameters of the plurality of channels, so as to obtain gain audio signals of the plurality of channels at the listening position; and respectively carrying out filtering processing on the gain audio signals of the channels based on the frequency band parameters of the channels to obtain expected signals of the channels at the listening positions.
In another embodiment, filtering processing is performed on the target audio signals based on the frequency band parameters of the channels, so as to obtain filtered audio signals of the channels at the listening position; and respectively carrying out gain processing on the filtered audio signals of the channels based on the gain parameters of the channels to obtain expected signals of the channels at the listening positions.
Step 222, determining a desired audio signal of the plurality of channels at a playing position based on the desired signal of the plurality of channels at the listening position and the transfer loss function of the plurality of channels.
The transfer loss function of any of the channels is used to characterize the transfer loss of the audio signal of the channel at the playback position to the listening position.
In particular, as shown in FIG. 3, and due toBased on this, desired signal/>, based on the plurality of channels at the listening position，/>，…，/>And transfer loss function of multiple channelsCan reversely deduce the expected audio signals of a plurality of channels at the playing position，/>，…，/>. Further, if the signal error caused by the loudspeaker is ignored, namelyThe desired audio signals/>, of the multiple channels at the playing positions, are obtained by back-pushing，，…，/>。
According to the audio playing method or the audio compensation coefficient determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the influence of transmission loss is considered when the expected audio signals of a plurality of channels are determined, so that more accurate expected audio signals are obtained, the accuracy of determining the compensation coefficient is further improved, and finally the audio effect is further improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, in the method, the transfer loss function of any of the channels is determined based on the following manner:
Acquiring a test audio signal of the channel at a playing position and an actual audio signal of the channel at a listening position;
A transfer loss function of the channel is determined based on the test audio signal and the actual audio signal.
The transfer loss function characterizes a transfer loss of the audio signal at the playback position to the listening position, based on which the test audio signal is played at the playback position and the actual audio signal at the listening position is acquired, so that the transfer loss function is back-deduced based on the test audio signal and the actual audio signal.
Exemplary, as shown in FIG. 3, test audio signals are output sequentially for each channelI.e. the loudspeakers in the car sound in sequence, the microphone collects the actual audio signals/>, of each channelThe transfer loss function is abstracted into an FIR (Finite Impulse Response, finite length unit impulse response) filter, namely the input-output relation of the real vehicle environment is as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, ，/>Representing test audio signals corresponding to the M channels; /(I)，/>Representing the transfer loss functions corresponding to the M channels. Based on this, based on the test audio signal/>And the actual audio signal/>The transfer loss function can be determined back-wisely.
According to the audio playing method or the audio compensation coefficient determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the transmission loss function is determined by back-pushing based on the test audio signal at the actual playing position and the actual audio signal transmitted to the actual listening position by the test audio signal, so that the determination accuracy of the transmission loss function is improved, further more accurate expected audio signals are obtained, the determination accuracy of the compensation coefficient is further improved, and finally the audio effect is further improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the determining a transfer loss function of the channel based on the test audio signal and the actual audio signal includes:
Determining a first covariance matrix of the test audio signal and a first cross-correlation vector of the test audio signal and the actual audio signal;
A transfer loss function of the channel is determined based on an inverse of the first covariance matrix and the first cross-correlation vector.
Exemplary, as shown in FIG. 3, test audio signals are output sequentially for each channelI.e. the loudspeakers in the car sound in sequence, the microphone collects the actual audio signals/>, of each channelAbstracting the transfer loss function into an FIR filter, namely the input-output relation of the real vehicle environment is as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, ，/>Representing test audio signals corresponding to the M channels; /(I)，/>Representing the transfer loss functions corresponding to the M channels. Based on this, if the propagation loss function is estimated to be/>So that the error isThe minimum value is obtained as much as possible, and the following formula is derived:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, For/>Transfer loss function of individual channels,/>For testing covariance matrix (non-singular) of audio signal,/>To test the cross-correlation vector of the audio signal with the actual audio signal.
According to the audio playing method or the audio compensation coefficient determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the transfer loss function can be rapidly and accurately determined in the mode, namely, the determination efficiency and the determination accuracy of the transfer loss function are improved, further, more accurate expected audio signals are rapidly obtained, further, the determination accuracy and the determination efficiency of the compensation coefficient are further improved, and finally, the audio effect is further improved.
Based on any one of the above embodiments, the method further includes the step 222:
Respectively converting the expected signals of the channels at the listening position into expected frequency domain signals belonging to the frequency domain;
Determining a desired audio frequency domain signal of the plurality of channels at a play position based on the desired frequency domain signals of the plurality of channels and a transfer loss function of the plurality of channels;
And respectively converting the desired audio frequency domain signals of the channels into desired audio signals belonging to time domains.
If the transfer loss function is a function belonging to the time domain, the transfer loss functions of the plurality of channels are converted into transfer loss functions belonging to the frequency domain.
In an embodiment, a signal belonging to the time domain may be converted into a Z-transformed frequency domain signal. Illustratively, the desired audio frequency domain signals of the plurality of channels are respectively Z-transformed to be converted into desired audio signals belonging to the time domain; determining the expected audio frequency domain signals of the channels at the playing positions based on the expected frequency domain signals of the channels and the transfer loss functions of the channels; the desired audio frequency domain signals of the plurality of channels are respectively inverse-transformed to be converted into desired audio signals belonging to the time domain. Wherein, the determination formula of the expected audio frequency domain signal is as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, Represents the/>Desired audio frequency domain signal for each channel,/>Represents the/>Desired frequency domain signal of individual channels,/>Represents the/>Transfer loss function of individual channels.
According to the audio playing method or the audio compensation coefficient determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the expected audio signal can be rapidly and accurately determined by the method, so that the accuracy and the efficiency of determining the compensation coefficient are further improved, and finally the audio effect is further improved.
Based on any of the foregoing embodiments, in the method, the preset audio parameters include a gain parameter and a frequency band parameter, and the step 221 includes:
Performing gain processing on the target audio signals based on the gain parameters of the channels to obtain gain audio signals of the channels;
and respectively carrying out filtering processing on the gain audio signals of the channels based on the frequency band parameters of the channels to obtain expected signals of the channels at the listening position.
Illustratively, the determination formula for the desired signal is as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, Represents the/>Individual channel at/>Desired signal of time,/>Represents the/>Gain of individual channels,/>Represents the/>Filters corresponding to the channels,/>Representation/>A target audio signal at a time instant. Due toBased on this,/>Thereby realizing the target audio signal/>Is a multi-channel disassembly of (c).
According to the audio playing method or the audio compensation coefficient determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the mode, the expected signals of the channels at the listening position can be rapidly and accurately determined, so that the accuracy and the efficiency of determining the compensation coefficient are further improved, and finally the audio effect is further improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, in the method, the compensation coefficient of any of the channels is determined based on the following manner:
Determining a second covariance matrix of the target audio signal and a second cross-correlation vector of the target audio signal and the desired audio signal of the channel;
And determining a compensation coefficient of the channel based on an inverse matrix of the second covariance matrix and the second cross-correlation vector.
Illustratively, due toBased on this, the compensation coefficient can be determined by the following formula:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, For mathematical expectations, compensation coefficient set/>M represents the number of channels,/>Representation/>Time of day desired audio signal,/>Representation/>A target audio signal at a time instant. Should be such that/>Taking the minimum value, i.e. processing a target audio signal of length L (which comprises target audio signals at a plurality of moments), each compensation coefficient/>In the target audio signal at each instant, the/>, should be satisfied，/>Represents the/>Time of day/>The compensation coefficients of the channels are derived as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, For/>Compensation coefficient of individual channels,/>For covariance matrix of target audio signal,/>Is the cross-correlation vector of the target audio signal and the desired audio signal.
According to the audio playing method or the audio compensation coefficient determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the compensation coefficient can be rapidly and accurately determined in the mode, namely, the determination accuracy and the determination efficiency of the compensation coefficient are further improved, and finally, the audio effect is further improved.
In order to facilitate understanding of the foregoing embodiments, a specific embodiment is described herein. Step 1, an acoustic engineer confirms a target audio signal of an active sound wave; Step 2: the method comprises the steps that an acoustic engineer determines a loudspeaker for active sound waves according to a real vehicle environment, determines a target position of restoration in the active sound waves vehicle, namely a microphone, and calibrates frequency bands and gains responsible for the loudspeakers to obtain preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels so as to obtain the sound effect/>, of the active sound waves, based on the preset audio parameters of the plurality of channelsSplitting into desired signals of multiple channels at listening positions/>; Step 3: using an in-vehicle sound field transfer loss function estimation algorithm, establishing transfer functions/>, at each loudspeaker-to-microphone position; Step 4: according to the result of the step 2-3, calculating the compensation coefficient/>, of each channel; Step 5: and (5) verifying the effect of the real vehicle.
It should be noted that, the method for determining the audio compensation coefficient provided by the invention is a reusable method, in the same vehicle model, an acoustic engineer can design different schemes (such as determining the number of speakers and the frequency division and gain conditions according to different effects) according to different effects (such as optimal listening of a driver's seat, optimal listening of a co-driver's seat, and the like, and the best mode of power and sound quality).
The audio playing device provided by the invention is described below, and the audio playing device described below and the audio playing method described above can be referred to correspondingly.
The audio playing device comprises:
The signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an audio signal to be played, which is to be played in multiple channels, and compensation coefficients of the multiple channels;
the audio compensation module is used for respectively carrying out compensation processing on the audio signals to be played based on the compensation coefficients of the channels to obtain channel audio signals of the channels;
The audio playing module is used for respectively playing channel audio signals of the channels;
Wherein the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels are determined based on the target audio signal for which the compensation coefficients are to be determined and the desired audio signals of the plurality of channels.
According to the audio playing device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the audio signals to be played and the compensation coefficients of a plurality of channels are obtained, so that the audio signals to be played are respectively compensated based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, the channel audio signals of the channels are obtained, the channel audio signals of the channels are respectively played, the compensation coefficients of the channels are automatically determined based on the target audio signals of the compensation coefficients to be determined and the expected audio signals of the channels, so that the compensation coefficients of the channels are automatically determined, the dependence on experience of an acoustic engineer is reduced, the determination accuracy of the compensation coefficients is improved, finally, the audio signals with the best audio effect can be restored and obtained based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, the audio playing effect is improved, a large amount of manpower and material resources are not consumed, the determination time of the compensation coefficients is saved, and the determination efficiency of the compensation coefficients is improved.
The audio compensation coefficient determining apparatus provided by the present invention will be described below, and the audio compensation coefficient determining apparatus described below and the audio compensation coefficient determining method described above may be referred to correspondingly to each other.
The audio compensation coefficient determining apparatus includes:
The acquisition module is used for acquiring target audio signals of the compensation coefficients to be determined and preset audio parameters of the channels;
The disassembly module is used for carrying out multichannel disassembly on the target audio signals based on preset audio parameters of the plurality of channels to obtain expected audio signals of the plurality of channels;
The determining module is used for determining compensation coefficients of the channels based on the target audio signal and the expected audio signals of the channels, and the compensation coefficient of any channel is used for carrying out compensation processing on the target audio signal to obtain the expected audio signals of the channels.
According to the device for determining the audio compensation coefficient, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the target audio signal of the compensation coefficient to be determined and the preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels are obtained, the target audio signal is subjected to multi-channel disassembly based on the preset audio parameters of the plurality of channels to obtain the expected audio signals of the plurality of channels, the compensation coefficient of the plurality of channels is determined based on the target audio signal and the expected audio signals of the plurality of channels, so that the compensation coefficient of each channel is automatically determined, the dependence on the experience of an acoustic engineer is reduced, the accuracy of determining the compensation coefficient is improved, finally, the audio signal with the best audio effect can be restored based on the compensation coefficient of the plurality of channels, the audio effect is improved, a large amount of manpower and material resources are not consumed, the determination time of the compensation coefficient is saved, and the determination efficiency of the compensation coefficient is improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the disassembly module includes:
The signal disassembly unit is used for carrying out multichannel disassembly on the target audio signal based on preset audio parameters of the plurality of channels to obtain expected signals of the plurality of channels at the listening position;
and the signal determining unit is used for determining the expected audio signals of the channels at the playing positions based on the expected signals of the channels at the listening positions and the transfer loss functions of the channels, wherein the transfer loss function of any channel is used for representing the transfer loss of the audio signals of the channels at the playing positions to the listening positions.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the disassembly module further includes: a function determination unit; the function determination unit is used for:
Acquiring a test audio signal of the channel at a playing position and an actual audio signal of the channel at a listening position;
A transfer loss function of the channel is determined based on the test audio signal and the actual audio signal.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the function determining unit is further configured to:
Determining a first covariance matrix of the test audio signal and a first cross-correlation vector of the test audio signal and the actual audio signal;
A transfer loss function of the channel is determined based on an inverse of the first covariance matrix and the first cross-correlation vector.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the signal determination unit is further configured to:
Respectively converting the expected signals of the channels at the listening position into expected frequency domain signals belonging to the frequency domain;
Determining a desired audio frequency domain signal of the plurality of channels at a play position based on the desired frequency domain signals of the plurality of channels and a transfer loss function of the plurality of channels;
And respectively converting the desired audio frequency domain signals of the channels into desired audio signals belonging to time domains.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the preset audio parameters include gain parameters and band parameters; the signal disassembling unit is further configured to:
Performing gain processing on the target audio signals based on the gain parameters of the channels to obtain gain audio signals of the channels;
and respectively carrying out filtering processing on the gain audio signals of the channels based on the frequency band parameters of the channels to obtain expected signals of the channels at the listening position.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the determining module is further configured to:
Determining a second covariance matrix of the target audio signal and a second cross-correlation vector of the target audio signal and the desired audio signal of the channel;
And determining a compensation coefficient of the channel based on an inverse matrix of the second covariance matrix and the second cross-correlation vector.
The following describes an automobile provided by the present invention, and the automobile described below and the above-described audio playing method or audio compensation coefficient determining method may be referred to correspondingly. The automobile comprises:
A plurality of audio output devices for playing audio signals of a plurality of channels, respectively;
A processor, on which a computer program runs, which processor, when executing the computer program, implements an embodiment of the audio playing method as described in any one of the above, or implements an embodiment of the audio compensation coefficient determining method as described in any one of the above.
Fig. 5 illustrates a physical schematic diagram of an electronic device, as shown in fig. 5, which may include: processor 510, communication interface (Communications Interface) 520, memory 530, and communication bus 540, wherein processor 510, communication interface 520, memory 530 complete communication with each other through communication bus 540. Processor 510 may invoke logic instructions in memory 530 to perform an audio playback method comprising: acquiring an audio signal to be played, which is to be played in multiple channels, and compensation coefficients of the multiple channels; based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, respectively carrying out compensation processing on the audio signals to be played to obtain channel audio signals of the channels; respectively playing channel audio signals of the channels; wherein the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels are determined based on the target audio signal for which the compensation coefficients are to be determined and the desired audio signals of the plurality of channels. Or performing a method of determining audio compensation coefficients, the method comprising: acquiring a target audio signal of a compensation coefficient to be determined and preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels; based on preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, carrying out multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signals to obtain expected audio signals of the multiple channels; and determining compensation coefficients of the channels based on the target audio signal and the expected audio signals of the channels, wherein the compensation coefficient of any channel is used for carrying out compensation processing on the target audio signal to obtain the expected audio signals of the channels.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 530 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the audio playing method provided by the above methods, the method comprising: acquiring an audio signal to be played, which is to be played in multiple channels, and compensation coefficients of the multiple channels; based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, respectively carrying out compensation processing on the audio signals to be played to obtain channel audio signals of the channels; respectively playing channel audio signals of the channels; wherein the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels are determined based on the target audio signal for which the compensation coefficients are to be determined and the desired audio signals of the plurality of channels. Or executing the method for determining the audio compensation coefficient provided by the methods, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a target audio signal of a compensation coefficient to be determined and preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels; based on preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, carrying out multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signals to obtain expected audio signals of the multiple channels; and determining compensation coefficients of the channels based on the target audio signal and the expected audio signals of the channels, wherein the compensation coefficient of any channel is used for carrying out compensation processing on the target audio signal to obtain the expected audio signals of the channels.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. An audio playing method, comprising:
Acquiring an audio signal to be played, which is to be played in multiple channels, and compensation coefficients of the multiple channels;
Based on the compensation coefficients of the channels, respectively carrying out compensation processing on the audio signals to be played to obtain channel audio signals of the channels;
respectively playing channel audio signals of the channels;
Wherein the compensation coefficients of the plurality of channels are determined based on the target audio signal for which the compensation coefficients are to be determined and the desired audio signals of the plurality of channels;
The compensation coefficients for the plurality of channels are determined based on:
Acquiring a target audio signal of a compensation coefficient to be determined and preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels;
based on preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, carrying out multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signals to obtain expected audio signals of the multiple channels;
And determining compensation coefficients of the channels based on the target audio signal and the expected audio signals of the channels, wherein the compensation coefficient of any channel is used for carrying out compensation processing on the target audio signal to obtain the expected audio signals of the channels.
2. The audio playing method according to claim 1, wherein the performing multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signal based on the preset audio parameters of the plurality of channels to obtain the desired audio signals of the plurality of channels includes:
based on preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, carrying out multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signals to obtain expected signals of the multiple channels at the listening position;
And determining the expected audio signals of the channels at the playing positions based on the expected signals of the channels at the listening positions and the transfer loss functions of the channels, wherein the transfer loss function of any channel is used for representing the transfer loss of the audio signals of the channels at the playing positions to the listening positions.
3. The audio playing method according to claim 2, wherein the transfer loss function of any one of the channels is determined based on the following manner:
Acquiring a test audio signal of the channel at a playing position and an actual audio signal of the channel at a listening position;
A transfer loss function of the channel is determined based on the test audio signal and the actual audio signal.
4. The audio playback method as recited in claim 3, wherein said determining a transfer loss function of the channel based on the test audio signal and the actual audio signal comprises:
Determining a first covariance matrix of the test audio signal and a first cross-correlation vector of the test audio signal and the actual audio signal;
A transfer loss function of the channel is determined based on an inverse of the first covariance matrix and the first cross-correlation vector.
5. The audio playback method as recited in claim 2, wherein the determining the desired audio signal for the plurality of channels at the playback position based on the desired signal for the plurality of channels at the listening position and the transfer loss function for the plurality of channels comprises:
Respectively converting the expected signals of the channels at the listening position into expected frequency domain signals belonging to the frequency domain;
Determining a desired audio frequency domain signal of the plurality of channels at a play position based on the desired frequency domain signals of the plurality of channels and a transfer loss function of the plurality of channels;
And respectively converting the desired audio frequency domain signals of the channels into desired audio signals belonging to time domains.
6. The audio playing method according to claim 2, wherein the preset audio parameters include gain parameters and frequency band parameters; the multi-channel disassembly is performed on the target audio signal based on the preset audio parameters of the multiple channels to obtain the expected signals of the multiple channels at the listening position, including:
Performing gain processing on the target audio signals based on the gain parameters of the channels to obtain gain audio signals of the channels;
and respectively carrying out filtering processing on the gain audio signals of the channels based on the frequency band parameters of the channels to obtain expected signals of the channels at the listening position.
7. The audio playing method according to claim 1, wherein the compensation coefficient of any one of the channels is determined based on the following manner:
Determining a second covariance matrix of the target audio signal and a second cross-correlation vector of the target audio signal and the desired audio signal of the channel;
And determining a compensation coefficient of the channel based on an inverse matrix of the second covariance matrix and the second cross-correlation vector.
8. A method for determining audio compensation coefficients, comprising:
Acquiring a target audio signal of a compensation coefficient to be determined and preset audio parameters of a plurality of channels;
based on preset audio parameters of the multiple channels, carrying out multi-channel disassembly on the target audio signals to obtain expected audio signals of the multiple channels;
And determining compensation coefficients of the channels based on the target audio signal and the expected audio signals of the channels, wherein the compensation coefficient of any channel is used for carrying out compensation processing on the target audio signal to obtain the expected audio signals of the channels.
9. An automobile, comprising:
A plurality of audio output devices for playing audio signals of a plurality of channels, respectively;
A processor having a computer program running thereon, which processor, when executing the computer program, implements the audio playback method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or implements the method of determining audio compensation coefficients according to claim 8.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the audio playback method of any one of claims 1 to 7 or the determination method of the audio compensation coefficient of claim 8 when executing the program.
11. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the audio playback method of any one of claims 1 to 7, or the audio compensation coefficient determination method of claim 8.
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