CN117637887B

CN117637887B - Photovoltaic module and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN117637887B
Application number: CN202410109720.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戴智刚; 史飞; 肖鹏军
Original assignee: Jinko Solar Haining Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jinko Solar Haining Co Ltd
Priority date: 2024-01-25
Filing date: 2024-01-25
Publication date: 2024-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2044-01-25
Also published as: CN117637887A

Abstract

The application relates to a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a battery layer, a front plate, a back plate, a glue film layer and a reinforcing structure, and the front plate is arranged on the light-facing side of the battery layer; the backboard is arranged on the backlight side of the battery layer; the adhesive film layer is positioned between the battery layer and the front plate and between the battery layer and the back plate; the reinforcing structure comprises a first reinforcing part and a second reinforcing part, wherein the first reinforcing part covers at least part of the light-facing surface of the front plate, the second reinforcing part covers the side wall of the front plate, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first reinforcing part and the adhesive film layer along the first direction. The reinforced structure can jointly form wrapped protection with the adhesive film layer on the edge of the front plate so as to improve the impact resistance of the front plate, reduce the risk of hidden cracking or damage of the battery layer under the conditions of production, transportation, installation and hail impact, and further achieve the effect of prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Photovoltaic module and manufacturing method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module.

Background

Solar energy is inexhaustible renewable energy for human beings, and a photovoltaic module is a core part in a solar power generation system and is also the most important part in the solar power generation system, and the photovoltaic module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy, and sending the electric energy into a storage battery for storage or pushing a load to work.

The existing photovoltaic module generally comprises a front plate, a battery layer and a back plate, but the front plate has the problem that the edge part is fragile, and the front plate is easy to damage when being impacted by external force, so that the service life of the photovoltaic module cannot reach the expectations.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, which can improve the shock resistance of the photovoltaic module.

The first aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic module comprising:

A battery layer;

a front plate disposed on the light-facing side of the battery layer;

the backboard is arranged on the backlight side of the battery layer;

The adhesive film layer is positioned between the battery layer and the front plate and between the battery layer and the back plate;

The reinforcing structure comprises a first reinforcing part and a second reinforcing part, wherein the first reinforcing part covers at least part of the light-facing surface of the front plate, the second reinforcing part covers on the side wall of the front plate, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first reinforcing part and the adhesive film layer along a first direction.

In one possible design, the edges of the first reinforcement, the second reinforcement, the glue film layer, and the back plate are aligned in the first direction.

In one possible design, the width of the part of the first reinforcement part covering the front plate is W1, and W1 is more than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 15mm.

In one possible design, the first reinforcement portion includes a coating layer and an adhesive layer, and along the first direction, the coating layer and the front plate are respectively located at two sides of the adhesive layer, and the coating layer is fixed on the light-facing surface of the front plate through the adhesive layer.

In one possible design, the thickness of the cladding layer is D1,0.3 mm.ltoreq.D1.ltoreq.3 mm.

In one possible design, the material of the cladding layer is one or more of thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene propylene diene monomer.

In one possible design, the adhesive layer has a thickness D2,0.1 mm.ltoreq.D2.ltoreq.0.7 mm.

In one possible design, the second reinforcement has a thickness D3,0mm < D3.ltoreq.10 mm.

In one possible design, the adhesive layer, the second reinforcement and the adhesive film layer are made of the same material.

The second aspect of the application provides a manufacturing method of a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprises a battery layer, a front plate, a glue film layer, a back plate and a reinforcing structure, the glue film layer comprises a first glue film layer and a second glue film layer, and the reinforcing structure comprises a first reinforcing part and a second reinforcing part;

The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

placing the light-facing surface of the front plate upwards;

The first reinforcement part is arranged on the light-facing surface of the front plate;

the front plate and the first reinforcing part are integrally turned over, so that the backlight surface of the front plate is upwards placed;

laying the first adhesive film layer, the battery layer, the second adhesive film layer and the back plate layer by layer on the back surface of the front plate along a first direction so as to form a pre-laminated piece;

Laminating the pre-laminate so that the second reinforcement part covering the side wall of the front plate is formed between the first reinforcement part and the first adhesive film layer to form the photovoltaic module.

In one possible design, the first reinforcement includes a cladding layer and an adhesive layer; when the first reinforcing part is arranged on the light-facing surface of the front plate, the manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps: paving the bonding layer on at least part of the area of the light-facing surface of the front plate; and paving the coating layer on the surface of one side of the bonding layer away from the front plate.

In one possible design, when the adhesive layer is laid on at least a partial area of the light-facing surface of the front plate, the manufacturing method specifically includes: heating the adhesive layer at intervals in a second direction and/or a third direction so that at least part of the adhesive layer is fixedly connected with the front plate; the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are mutually perpendicular.

In one possible design, the size of the first adhesive film layer is greater than or equal to the size of the front plate along the second direction and/or the third direction; the manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps of: extending at least part of the adhesive layer to the outer side of the front plate along the second direction and/or the third direction so that a first accommodating space is formed between the adhesive layer and the first adhesive film layer in the first direction; the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are mutually perpendicular.

In one possible design, the adhesive layer is the same as the first adhesive film layer material; at least part of the adhesive layer and/or at least part of the first adhesive film layer can flow in a molten state toward the first receiving space to form the second reinforcement portion in the first receiving space when the pre-laminate is laminated.

In one possible design, before the first reinforcement portion is disposed on the light-facing surface of the front plate, the manufacturing method specifically includes: and sticking a high-temperature adhesive tape on the light-facing surface of the front plate so that the high-temperature adhesive tape and the front plate enclose a second accommodating space for accommodating the first reinforcing part.

According to the application, the first reinforcing part can wrap the peripheral edge of the front plate, so that the structural strength of the edge part of the front plate is improved, the impact resistance of the front plate is improved, and the risk of hidden cracking or damage of the battery layer under the conditions of production, transportation, installation and hail impact is reduced; the second reinforcing part can form a package on the side wall of the front plate, so that the side wall of the front plate is prevented from being scratched or knocked and damaged in the transportation and installation processes. Therefore, the reinforced structure can form wrapped protection with the adhesive film layer to the edge of the front plate together so as to improve the impact resistance of the front plate and further achieve the effect of prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application as claimed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a photovoltaic module provided by the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the photovoltaic module in fig. 1 along AA';

FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module of FIG. 2;

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to the present application;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a photovoltaic module according to the present application;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the photovoltaic module in step A2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-laminate according to the present application;

FIG. 8 is a top view of the photovoltaic module prior to step S2;

Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to the present application.

Reference numerals:

10-a first accommodation space;

20-a second accommodation space;

1-a battery layer;

2-front plate;

3-a back plate;

4-an adhesive film layer;

41-a first adhesive film layer;

42-a second adhesive film layer;

5-reinforcing structure;

51-a first reinforcement;

511-cladding;

512-an adhesive layer;

52-a second reinforcement;

6-high temperature adhesive tape.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application refers to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one relationship describing the association of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

It should be noted that, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like in the embodiments of the present application are described in terms of the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In the context of this document, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element through intervening elements.

The embodiment of the application provides a photovoltaic module, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, which comprises a battery layer 1, a front plate 2, a back plate 3, a glue film layer 4 and a reinforcing structure 5, wherein the front plate 2 is arranged on the light-facing side of the battery layer 1, the back plate 3 is arranged on the backlight side of the battery layer 1, and the glue film layer 4 is positioned between the battery layer 1 and the front plate 2 and between the battery layer 1 and the back plate 3.

In this embodiment, the battery layer 1 includes a plurality of series or parallel battery strings, each battery string is formed by connecting a plurality of battery pieces (including but not limited to monocrystalline silicon battery pieces and polycrystalline silicon battery pieces) in series, and two adjacent battery pieces are connected by a welding strip; the front plate 2 is positioned on the light-facing side of the battery layer 1 and is used for protecting the surface of the battery layer 1 and reducing the risk of damage to the battery piece; the backboard 3 is positioned on the backlight side of the battery layer 1 and has the functions of blocking water vapor and insulating protection; the glued membrane layer 4 includes first glued membrane layer 41 and second glued membrane layer 41, along first direction Z, first glued membrane layer 41 is located between front bezel 2 and the battery layer 1 for realize the fixed connection of front bezel 2 and battery layer 1, second glued membrane layer 42 is located between battery layer 1 and backplate 3, be used for realizing the fixed connection of battery layer 1 and backplate 3, first glued membrane layer 41 and second glued membrane layer 42 can also play certain support protection effect to battery layer 1, guarantee that photovoltaic module has good mechanical strength, alleviate the influence that the condition such as hail is strikeed, the wind blows, mechanical vibration brings.

As shown in fig. 2, the reinforcing structures 5 are located at both sides of the front plate 2 in the second direction X and both sides of the front plate 2 in the third direction Y to form a wrap around the peripheral edge of the front plate 2. The reinforcing structure 5 comprises a first reinforcing part 51 and a second reinforcing part 52, wherein the first reinforcing part 51 covers the periphery edge of the light-facing surface of the front plate 2, so that the front impact resistance of the front plate 2 can be improved, and the front plate 2 is prevented from being broken due to concentrated load impact; the second reinforcing part 52 covers the peripheral side walls of the front plate 2, and is used for protecting the side walls of the front plate 2, so that the side walls of the front plate 2 can be prevented from being scratched or knocked and damaged in the transportation and installation processes. And, along first direction Z, the both ends of second reinforcing part 52 are connected with first reinforcing part 51 and first glued membrane layer 41 respectively, on the one hand, can promote the connection stability between the three, reduce the possibility that reinforced structure 5 drops from front bezel 2, on the other hand, first reinforcing part 51, second reinforcing part 52 and first glued membrane layer 41 can form the parcel structure to front bezel 2 jointly, and first glued membrane layer 41 can play the cushioning effect at the back light face of front bezel 2 to reduce the influence of external impact to front bezel 2, protect battery layer 1 not damaged.

In the photovoltaic module provided by the application, the first reinforcing part 51 can wrap the peripheral edge part of the front plate 2, so that the structural strength of the edge part of the front plate 2 is improved, the impact resistance of the front plate 2 is improved, and the risk of hidden cracking or damage of the battery layer 1 under the conditions of production, transportation, installation and hail impact is reduced; the second reinforcing portion 52 can form a package on the side wall of the front plate 2, and prevent the side wall of the front plate 2 from being scratched or damaged during transportation and installation. Therefore, the reinforcement structure 5 and the adhesive film layer 4 can form wrapping protection on the edge of the front plate 2 together so as to improve the impact resistance of the front plate 2 and further prolong the service life of the photovoltaic module.

It should be noted that, the first direction Z may be specifically a height direction of the photovoltaic module, the second direction X may be specifically a width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the third direction Y may be specifically a length direction of the photovoltaic module.

The structure of the battery sheet is not limited in this embodiment, and the types of the battery sheet include, but are not limited to, an emitter back passivation battery (PASSIVATED EMITTER REAR CELL, PERC), an oxide passivation contact battery (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact, TOPCon), an intrinsic thin film Heterojunction battery (Heterojunction WITH INTRINSIC THIN-film, HJT), an interdigital back contact battery (INTERDIGITATED BACK CONTACT, IBC), a perovskite battery, and the like.

For the PERC cell, the PERC cell sequentially comprises a front surface metal silver electrode, a front surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a phosphorus layer emitter, a P-type base silicon layer, a local aluminum back field, a metal aluminum back electrode and a back passivation layer (Al 2O 3/SiNx) along the thickness direction of the PERC cell. The PERC battery adopts a passivation film to passivate the back surface, replaces an all-aluminum back surface field, enhances the internal back reflection of light rays on silicon base, reduces the recombination rate of the back surface, and improves the efficiency of the battery by 0.5% -1%.

For TOPCon cells, the TOPCon cell includes, in order along its thickness, a metal silver electrode, a front surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a boron-doped emitter, an N-base silicon layer, a diffusion doped layer, ultra-thin silicon oxide, doped polysilicon, silicon nitride, a metal silver electrode. The back of the battery consists of a layer of ultrathin silicon oxide (1 nm-2 nm) and a layer of phosphor doped microcrystalline amorphous mixed Si film, which form a passivation contact structure together. The structure can prevent minority carrier hole recombination and improve the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of the battery. The ultra-thin oxide layer may allow multi-electron tunneling into the polysilicon layer while blocking minority carrier hole recombination. The excellent passivation effect of the ultrathin silicon oxide and the heavily doped silicon film enables the surface energy band of the silicon wafer to bend, so that a field passivation effect is formed, the probability of electron tunneling is greatly increased, the contact resistance is reduced, the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current of the battery are improved, and the conversion efficiency of the battery is improved.

For HJT cells, the HJT cell includes, in order along its thickness direction, a front low-temperature silver electrode, a front conductive film, an N-type amorphous silicon film, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, an N-type base silicon layer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, a P-type amorphous silicon film, a back conductive film, a back low-temperature silver electrode.

For the IBC battery, the IBC battery sequentially comprises a silicon nitride reverse layer, an N+ front surface field, an N-type substrate silicon layer, a P+ emitter, an N+ back field, an aluminum oxide passivation layer, a silicon nitride anti-reflection layer and a metal silver electrode along the thickness direction of the IBC battery. The IBC battery can obtain a P region and an N region which have good uniformity and accurate and controllable junction depth by using an ion implantation technology, the front surface of the battery is not shielded by a grid line, the shading current loss of a metal electrode can be eliminated, the maximum utilization of incident photons is realized, and the short-circuit current can be improved by about 7 percent compared with that of a conventional solar battery; because of the back contact structure, the grid line shielding problem is not needed to be considered, and the grid line proportion can be properly widened, so that the series resistance is reduced and the filling factor is high; the surface passivation and surface trapping structures can be optimally designed to achieve lower front surface recombination rates and surface reflection.

In the case of a perovskite battery, the perovskite battery includes a substrate material, a conductive thin film, an electron transport layer (titanium oxide), a perovskite absorption layer (hole transport layer), and a metal cathode in this order along the thickness direction thereof. The perovskite material has higher light absorption coefficient and longer carrier diffusion distance, photons absorbed by the perovskite material are easily collected by the electrode after being converted into electrons, and the loss is smaller, so that higher photo-generated voltage and current can be generated, and the perovskite shows higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

In a specific embodiment, the material of the front plate 2 may be one of rigid materials such as tempered glass, polyethylene terephthalate (Polyethylene Terephthalate, PET), polycarbonate (PC), or one of flexible materials such as polyvinylfluoride (Polyvinyl Fluoride, PVF), ethylene-Tetra-Fluoro-Ethylene (ETFE), and vinylidene fluoride (Polyvinylidene Fluoride, PVDF). The materials have higher light transmittance, and can ensure that more light irradiates the battery layer, so that the light absorption of the photovoltaic module is increased, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.

The photovoltaic module provided by the application is provided with the reinforcing structure 5, when the front plate 2 is made of toughened glass (such as chemical toughened glass or physical toughened glass), the reinforcing structure 5 can protect the fragile peripheral edges of the glass, so that the glass edges are prevented from being damaged due to external force impact, and the impact resistance of the glass is improved. Therefore, when tempered glass is used as the front plate 2, the thickness of the glass can be properly reduced, so that the thickness and weight of the whole photovoltaic module can be reduced while ensuring the reliable impact resistance of the photovoltaic module, and the weight of the photovoltaic module can be reduced.

The thickness of the tempered glass may be specifically 0.3mm to 1.6mm, for example, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm or 1.6mm, and may be other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment. When the thickness of the toughened glass is in the range, the structural strength of the toughened glass can be ensured, the service life of the toughened glass is prolonged, and the thickness and the weight of the photovoltaic module are not excessively increased.

In a specific embodiment, the material of the back plate 3 is one of CPC structure back plate, KPC structure back plate, TPC structure back plate, KPF structure back plate, glass fiber reinforced PP multilayer tape, TPO film coating, and the like. The materials have strong weather resistance and enough structural strength, and are beneficial to prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module in outdoor practical use.

The thickness of the back plate 3 may be specifically 0.3mm to 1mm, for example, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm or 1mm, or may be other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment. When the thickness of the back plate 3 is within the above range, the structural strength of the back plate 3 itself can be ensured, the service life thereof can be prolonged, and the thickness and weight of the photovoltaic module can not be excessively increased.

In a specific embodiment, the material of the first adhesive film layer 41 and the second adhesive film layer 42 is one of Ethylene-vinyl acetate Copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (Polyolefin Elastomer, POE), polyvinyl butyral (Polyvinyl Butyral, PVB), and other polyolefins. The materials have higher light transmittance, and are beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

The thickness of the first adhesive film layer 41 and the second adhesive film layer 42 should be 0.3 mm-1 mm, for example, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm or 1mm, but other values within the above range may be used, which is not limited in this embodiment. When the thicknesses of the first adhesive film layer 41 and the second adhesive film layer 42 are within the above range, the packaging requirement of the photovoltaic module can be satisfied, preferably, the photovoltaic module is ensured to have good mechanical strength, and the yield and reliability of the photovoltaic module are improved.

In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the dimensions of the front plate 2, the first adhesive film layer 41, the second adhesive film layer 42 and the back plate 3 are larger than those of the battery layer 1 along the second direction X and/or the third direction Y, so as to protect the peripheral edges of the battery layer 1 and prevent the edges from being damaged by stress, thereby being beneficial to prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the edges of the first reinforcing portion 51, the second reinforcing portion 52, the adhesive film layer 4 and the back plate 3 are aligned in the first direction Z.

In this embodiment, the four peripheral edges are aligned in the first direction Z, so that the edge structure of the photovoltaic module is more regular and tidy, which is beneficial to realizing the standardized production of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, the photovoltaic module with the neat edge structure is more convenient to store, transport and install.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the width of the portion of the first reinforcing portion 51 covering the front plate 2 is W1, and 5 mm.ltoreq.W1.ltoreq.15 mm. Specifically, the thickness may be mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm or 15mm, or may be any other value within the above range, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.

In the present embodiment, if W1 is too small (e.g., less than 5 mm), the total area of the first reinforcement portion 51 covered on the front plate 2 is too small, and the protection effect on the front plate 2 is insufficient, resulting in insufficient impact resistance of the front plate 2; if W1 is too large (for example, greater than 15 mm), the first reinforcing portion 51 may block the battery layer 1, and the light receiving area of the battery layer 1 may be reduced, resulting in a decrease in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

Therefore, when the width W1 of the portion of the first reinforcement portion 51 covering the front plate 2 is 5mm to 15mm, the first reinforcement portion 51 can form good protection for the front plate 2, so as to ensure that the impact resistance of the photovoltaic module is improved, and prevent the first reinforcement portion 21 from shielding the battery layer 1, so as to ensure that the photovoltaic module has higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first reinforcement portion 51 includes a coating layer 511 and an adhesive layer 512, the coating layer 511 and the front plate 2 are located on both sides of the adhesive layer 512 along the first direction Z, and the coating layer 511 is fixed to the light-facing surface of the front plate 2 by the adhesive layer 512.

The coating layer 511 can slow down the surface impact of external acting force to the front plate 2, improves the holistic shock resistance of front plate 2, and the adhesive layer 512 covers in the face of the front plate 2, and its both sides surface along the direction of height is respectively with coating layer 511 and front plate 2 bonding connection to realize the fixed connection between coating layer 511 and the front plate 2, ensure the stable connection between coating layer 511 and the front plate 2, reduced the possibility that the coating layer drops. The above structure can simplify the connection mode between the coating layer 511 and the front plate 2, thereby simplifying the production process of the photovoltaic module and reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic module.

Wherein, along the second direction X and/or the third direction Y, the size of the adhesive layer 512 should be equal to the size of the coating layer 511 to ensure the adhesive effect between the coating layer 511 and the front plate 2.

Specifically, the material of the cladding layer 511 is one or more of thermoplastic polyester elastomer (Thermo plastic Composites, TPC), thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (Thermoplastic polyolefin, TPO), polyethylene terephthalate (Polyethylene Terephthalate, PET), polymethyl methacrylate (Polymethyl Methacrylate), polyvinyl chloride (Polyvinyl chloride, PVC), ethylene propylene diene monomer (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer, EPDM).

The coating 511 made of the material has strong impact resistance and high weather resistance, so that the impact resistance of the photovoltaic module can be improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic module in an outdoor environment can be prolonged. Meanwhile, the coating layer 511 made of the above materials has the characteristics of small thickness and light weight, and can reduce the thickness of the photovoltaic module and the weight of the photovoltaic module so as to realize the light weight of the photovoltaic module.

In addition, an ultraviolet absorber can be added into the material of the coating layer 511 to improve the ultraviolet blocking capability of the photovoltaic module and slow down the aging speed of the adhesive film layer 4 and the back plate 3, so that the weather resistance of the photovoltaic module is improved and the service life of the photovoltaic module in the outdoor environment is prolonged.

Specifically, the ultraviolet absorber may be one or more of an organic ultraviolet absorber, an inorganic ultraviolet absorber, and an ultraviolet stabilizer. The organic ultraviolet absorbent is one or more of salicylate ultraviolet absorbent, benzophenone ultraviolet absorbent, benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbent, substituted acrylonitrile ultraviolet absorbent and triazine ultraviolet absorbent; the inorganic ultraviolet absorbent is one or more of nano titanium dioxide, nano barium sulfate, nano zinc oxide and nano cerium oxide; the ultraviolet stabilizer is hindered amine ultraviolet stabilizer.

As shown in FIG. 3, the thickness of the coating layer 511 is D1, and D1 is 0.3 mm.ltoreq.D1.ltoreq.3 mm. Specifically, D1 may be 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.1mm, 2.5mm, 2.8mm or 3mm, or may be other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, if D1 is too small (e.g. smaller than 0.3 mm), the coating layer 511 is too thin, which may result in insufficient impact resistance of the coating layer 511, and when the photovoltaic module is impacted, the coating layer 511 is easily damaged, so that the impact resistance of the front plate 2 cannot be improved; if D1 is too large (e.g., greater than 3 mm), the coating 511 is too thick, which may increase the weight and volume of the reinforcing structure 5, and is inconvenient for installation, which is not beneficial to the weight reduction of the photovoltaic module, and the too thick coating 511 may not continuously improve the impact resistance of the photovoltaic module.

Therefore, when the thickness D1 of the coating layer 511 is 0.3mm to 3mm, the weight and volume of the photovoltaic module can be appropriately reduced while the impact resistance of the front plate 2 can be improved, and the photovoltaic module can be reduced in weight.

As shown in FIG. 3, the thickness of the adhesive layer 512 is D2,0.1 mm.ltoreq.D2.ltoreq.0.7 mm. Specifically, D2 may be 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm or 0.7mm, or may be other values within the above range, which is not limited by the present embodiment.

In this embodiment, if D2 is too small (e.g. less than 0.1 mm), the adhesion capability of the adhesion layer 512 is insufficient, the coating layer 511 is easy to fall off, if D2 is too large (e.g. greater than 0.7 mm), the overall thickness of the photovoltaic module is too large, which is not beneficial to the weight reduction of the photovoltaic module, and the adhesion effect of the coating layer 511 is not significantly improved, and the material waste is also caused.

Therefore, when the thickness D2 of the adhesive layer 512 is 0.1mm to 0.7mm, stable adhesion between the coating layer 511 and the front plate 2 can be ensured, and the thickness of the photovoltaic module can be properly reduced, so that the photovoltaic module is light-weighted, and waste of materials is avoided.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the thickness of the second reinforcing portion 52 is D3,0mm < D3. Ltoreq.10 mm. Specifically, D3 may be 0.1mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, 9.5mm or 10mm, or may be other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, if D3 is too large (e.g. greater than 10 mm), the second reinforcing portion 52 is too thick, which may increase the weight and volume of the second reinforcing portion 52, and is inconvenient for installation, which is not beneficial to the weight reduction of the photovoltaic module, and the too thick reinforcing structure 5 may not continuously improve the impact resistance of the photovoltaic module.

Specifically, the material of the adhesive layer 512 and the second reinforcing portion 52 may be the same as the material of the adhesive film layer 4.

In this embodiment, the material of the adhesive layer 512 and the second reinforcing portion 52 may be one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin elastomer, and polyvinyl butyral polyolefin. After the bonding layer 512, the second reinforcing part 52 and the adhesive film layer 4 are heated and melted, the mutual bonding and fusion effect is good, namely, the reinforcing structure 5 can be bonded and fixed with the front plate 2, the adhesive film layer 4, the battery layer 1 and the back plate 3 through lamination steps, namely, the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module can be simplified, and the manufacturing efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second reinforcement portion 52 may be formed by flow-fusing the adhesive layer 512 and the adhesive film layer 4 in a molten state.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the horizontal distance W2 is greater than or equal to 2mm between the edge of the battery layer 1 and the first reinforcing portion 51, and may be specifically 2mm, 2.3mm, 2.5mm, 2.7mm, 2.9mm or 3mm, or may be other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 3, the total thickness of the first reinforcing portion 51 in the first direction Z is H1, where H1 and W2 should satisfy h1:w2.ltoreq.0.58, and specifically may be 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, or 0.58, or may be other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment.

If the ratio h1:w2 is too large (for example, greater than 0.58), the shadow of the first reinforcing portion 51 may block the battery layer 1 (for example, the irradiation angle of 8 points of sun in the middle latitude area), and the light receiving area of the battery layer 1 may decrease, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module may decrease.

Therefore, W2 should not be too small, and neither the thickness D1 of the coating layer 511 nor the thickness D2 of the adhesive layer 512 should be too large, to ensure that shadows of the coating layer 511 and/or the adhesive layer 512 do not obscure the battery layer 1.

The embodiment of the application also provides a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, as shown in fig. 2, the photovoltaic module includes a battery layer 1, a front plate 2, a film layer 4, a back plate 3 and a reinforcing structure 5, the film layer 4 includes a first film layer 41 and a second film layer 42, the reinforcing structure 5 includes a first reinforcing portion 51 and a second reinforcing portion 5, the manufacturing method can be used for manufacturing the photovoltaic module described in the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the manufacturing method includes the following steps:

Step S1: the light-facing surface of the front plate 2 is placed facing upward.

Step S2: the first reinforcing portion 51 is provided on the light-facing surface of the front plate 2.

Step S3: the front plate 2 is turned over integrally with the first reinforcing portion 51 so that the backlight surface of the front plate 2 is placed face-up.

In the above steps, the first reinforcing portion 51 is disposed on the light-facing surface of the front plate 2, so as to ensure that the first reinforcing portion 51 can protect the peripheral edge of the front plate 2, thereby improving the impact resistance of the front plate 2. And when the front plate 2 and the first reinforcing part 51 are integrally overturned, the first reinforcing part 51 can also play a role in buffering and damping below the front plate 2, so that the front plate 2 is protected in the subsequent manufacturing process flow, the risk of damage to the front plate 2 is reduced, and the yield of the photovoltaic module is improved.

Step S4: the first adhesive film layer 41, the battery layer 1, the second adhesive film layer 42 and the back plate 3 are laid layer by layer on the backlight surface of the front plate 2 along the first direction Z to form a pre-laminated piece.

In the above steps, the first adhesive film layer 41, the battery layer 1, the second adhesive film layer 42 and the back plate 3 are laid layer by layer, so that each layer of structure can be ensured to be placed at a preset position, thereby laying a foundation for the subsequent lamination step and being beneficial to improving the yield of the photovoltaic module.

When the battery layer 1 is laid, a plurality of battery pieces are required to be connected in series and parallel through bus bar welding strips according to circuit design, and through holes are formed in the second adhesive film layer 42 and the back plate 3, so that electrode leads of the battery layer 1 can conveniently penetrate out of the through holes.

Step S5: the pre-laminate is laminated such that a second reinforcing portion 52 covering the side wall of the front plate 2 is formed between the first reinforcing portion 51 and the first adhesive film layer 41 to form a photovoltaic module.

In the above steps, the first reinforcement part 51, the front plate 2, the first adhesive film layer 41, the battery layer 1, the second adhesive film layer 42 and the back plate 3 are bonded and fixed through the lamination step, thereby forming a complete photovoltaic module that can be used outdoors for a long period of time. On the one hand, through the lamination process, the first adhesive film layer 41 and the second adhesive film layer 42 can be fixedly adhered to two sides of the battery layer 1, so that the battery layer 1 is ensured to have good mechanical strength, the influence caused by hail impact, wind blowing, mechanical vibration and the like is reduced, the tightness of the battery layer 1 is improved, and the erosion resistance and the safety of the battery layer are improved. On the other hand, the first reinforcing portion 51 may be fixed on the light-facing surface of the front plate 2 through the lamination process, so that the impact resistance of the front plate 2 is improved, and meanwhile, along the first direction Z, the second reinforcing portion 52 for protecting the side wall of the front plate 2 may also be formed between the first reinforcing portion 51 and the first adhesive film 41, so as to avoid the side wall of the front plate 2 from being scratched or damaged during transportation and installation. Therefore, the reinforcement structure 5 and the adhesive film layer 4 can form wrapping protection on the edge of the front plate 2 together so as to improve the impact resistance of the front plate 2 and further prolong the service life of the photovoltaic module.

Specifically, after the pre-laminate is fed into the laminator of the laminator by a conveyor belt, air in the pre-laminate is evacuated by evacuation to eliminate air bubbles in the pre-laminate, and then heated to melt part of the structure of the first reinforcing part 51, the first adhesive film layer 41 and the second adhesive film layer 42, and bond the front plate 2, the battery layer 1 and the back plate 3 together.

In the lamination process, the pressure difference between the upper chamber and the lower chamber of the laminating machine is kept to be 0.06-0.08 MPa, the melted first adhesive film layer 41 and second adhesive film layer 42 can flow uniformly under the action of pressure, gaps in the pre-lamination piece are filled, meanwhile, the first adhesive film layer 41 and second adhesive film layer 42 after solidification can be more compact in structure due to the existence of pressure, better mechanical properties are achieved, and meanwhile, the adhesive force between the first adhesive film layer 42, the second adhesive film layer 42 and the battery layer 1 can be laminated. The pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers of the laminator may be specifically 0.06MPa, 0.065MPa, 0.07MPa, 0.075MPa or 0.08MPa, or may be other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In addition, before the pre-laminated piece enters the laminating machine, isolation teflon cloth (polytetrafluoroethylene coated glass fiber cloth) can be arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the pre-laminated piece, the teflon cloth has good high temperature resistance and non-adhesion, adhesive films can be prevented from being stuck in the laminating machine after overflowing, the laminated piece can be conveniently taken out from the laminating machine, and the structural integrity of finished products of the laminated piece can be protected.

In a specific embodiment, after step S4 and before step S5, the manufacturing method may further include: the pre-laminate is subjected to electron luminescence (Electro Luminescence, EL) detection.

In this embodiment, the EL detects defects of the whole pre-laminated member and the battery sheet inside the pre-laminated member to determine whether the pre-laminated member is qualified, and the qualified pre-laminated member can be sent into the laminating machine to be laminated, if the battery sheet has defects such as hidden cracks, black spots, cold joints, short circuits, and the like, the damaged battery sheet can be replaced before the lamination step, which is beneficial to improving the yield of the photovoltaic module, reducing the waste of materials, and reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic module.

In a specific embodiment, the first reinforcing portion 51 includes a coating layer 511 and an adhesive layer 512, and the adhesive layer 512 is used for fixedly connecting the coating layer 511 and the front plate 2, and for step S2, the manufacturing method specifically includes:

Step A1: an adhesive layer 512 is provided on at least a partial area of the light-facing surface of the front plate 2.

In this step, an adhesive layer 512 is laid on the periphery of the light-facing surface of the front plate 2 so that the coating layer 511 is adhered and fixed to the front plate 2. When the adhesive layer 512 is made of epoxy resin, acrylic resin or other glass fiber prepreg resin materials, the adhesive layer 512 can be adhered and fixed to the front plate 2 by means of self-adhesion, since the material itself has a certain adhesion. When the material of the adhesive layer 512 is one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin elastomer and polyvinyl butyral polyolefin, then an electric soldering iron or other heatable devices are needed to heat the adhesive layer 512 at intervals in the second direction X and/or the third direction Y, so that at least part of the adhesive layer 512 is melted and then adhered and fixed with the front plate 2, thereby realizing pre-fixing between the adhesive layer 512 and the front plate 2, avoiding the situation that the adhesive layer 512 is shifted in the subsequent step S3 and step S4, and being beneficial to improving the yield of the photovoltaic module.

Step A2: a coating layer 511 is laid on a surface of the adhesive layer 512 on a side remote from the front plate 2.

In this step, as shown in fig. 6, when the coating 511 is laid on the adhesive layer 512, the coating 511 on two adjacent sides may be connected by the high-temperature adhesive tape 6, so that the coating 511 on 4 sides may form a whole, and meanwhile, the coating 511 may be pre-fixed (not shown in the figure) with the front plate 2 by the high-temperature adhesive tape 6, so as to avoid the situation that the coating 511 is shifted in the subsequent steps S3 and S4. In this embodiment, the adhering area of the high-temperature adhesive tape 6 in the above steps is not limited, and may be selected according to actual requirements.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the width of the coating layer 511 and the adhesive layer 512 is W3, and the raw material may be cut into strips with a width of w3+5mm in advance, and then the lengths thereof may be cut according to the specific layout size of the photovoltaic module.

In a specific embodiment, along the second direction X and/or the third direction Y, the size of the first adhesive film 41 is greater than or equal to the size of the front plate 2, and for the step A1, the manufacturing method specifically includes: at least a portion of the adhesive layer 512 is extended to the outside of the front plate 2 along the second direction X and/or the third direction Y so that the adhesive layer 512 and the first adhesive film layer 41 form the first receiving space 10 in the first direction Z.

As shown in fig. 7, the size of the first adhesive film 41 is greater than or equal to the size of the front plate 2, and the edge of the adhesive layer 512 also extends to the outside of the front plate 2, so that a first accommodating space 10 surrounding along the sidewall of the front plate 2 is formed between the first adhesive film 41 and the adhesive layer 512, so that the second reinforcing part 52 is disposed at the first accommodating space 10.

Specifically, for step S5, at least part of the adhesive layer 512 and/or at least part of the first adhesive film layer 41 may flow in a molten state toward the first accommodating space 10 to form the second reinforcing part 52 in the first accommodating space 10.

In the above steps, the adhesive layer 512 and the first adhesive film 41 are melted by heating and have a certain fluidity, so that the adhesive layer can flow to the first accommodating space 10 and fill the first accommodating space 10 under the pressure, the second reinforcing portion 52 is formed after curing, and the second reinforcing portion 52 can protect the peripheral side walls of the front plate 2, thereby avoiding the side walls of the front plate 2 from being scratched or damaged.

Specifically, the adhesive layer 512 may be made of the same material as the first adhesive film 41, so that the melting time and fluidity of the adhesive layer 512 and the first adhesive film 41 are kept consistent, the fusion between the adhesive layer 512 and the first adhesive film is better, and the performance and structure of the second reinforcing part 52 obtained by combining the adhesive layer 512 and the first adhesive film are more stable.

In a specific embodiment, for step S5, the laminating temperature is 140 ℃ to 155 ℃, specifically 140 ℃,142 ℃, 145 ℃, 148 ℃, 150 ℃, 152 ℃, 154 ℃, or 155 ℃, or other values within the above range, which is not limited in this example.

If the lamination temperature is too low (for example, less than 140 ℃), the first adhesive film layer 41, the second adhesive film layer 42 and the adhesive layer 512 are not completely melted, and the fluidity is poor, so that the adhesive strength of the first adhesive film layer 41, the second adhesive film layer 42 and the adhesive layer 512 is insufficient, and meanwhile, bubbles exist in the finished product of the photovoltaic module, and the performance of the photovoltaic module is affected; if the lamination temperature is too high (for example, greater than 155 ℃), oxygen is generated by decomposing a part of the crosslinking agent in the first adhesive film layer 41, the second adhesive film layer 42 and the adhesive layer 512, the gas is not easy to be removed, the photovoltaic module generates bubbles, and the crosslinking degree of the material is too high, so that the photovoltaic module is easy to yellow and age in the use process.

Therefore, when the lamination temperature is 140 ℃ to 155 ℃, the bonding strength of the first adhesive film layer 41, the second adhesive film layer 42 and the bonding layer 512 can be ensured, air bubbles in the photovoltaic module can be avoided, and the yield of the photovoltaic module can be improved.

In a specific embodiment, before step S2, the manufacturing method specifically includes: the high temperature adhesive tape 6 is attached on the light facing surface of the front plate 2 such that the high temperature adhesive tape 6 and the front plate 2 enclose a second accommodating space 20 for accommodating the first reinforcing part 51.

As shown in fig. 8, the high temperature adhesive tape 6 is adhered inward on the light-facing surface of the front plate 2 at a distance W1 from the edge thereof, so that the high temperature adhesive tape 6 is shaped like a "mouth" on the front plate 2 (the high temperature adhesive tapes 6 adjacent to the long and short sides are abutted against each other but not overlapped), to form a second accommodation space 20 on the light-facing surface of the front plate 2, and the adhesive layer 512 and the coating layer 511 are disposed in the second accommodation space 20.

On the one hand, the high-temperature adhesive tape 6 can play a limiting role in the step S2, so that the laying positions of the adhesive layer 512 and the coating layer 511 are limited, on the other hand, the high-temperature adhesive tape 6 protects the front plate 2, and can play a role in preventing glue overflow in the step S5, and the adhesive layer 512 in a flowing state after melting overflows onto the high-temperature adhesive tape 6 and does not flow onto the front plate 2, so that the high-temperature adhesive tape 6 is only required to be torn off after the lamination is finished, and the situation that the front plate 2 is inconvenient to clean due to glue overflow is avoided.

The width of the high temperature adhesive tape 6 may be 5mm to 50mm, specifically 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm or 50mm, or may be other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment.

If the width of the high temperature adhesive tape 6 is too small (for example, less than 5 mm), it may happen that the overflow flows through the high temperature adhesive tape 6 to the front plate 2; if the width of the high temperature adhesive tape 6 is too large (for example, greater than 50 mm), waste of material is caused. Therefore, if the width of the high temperature adhesive tape 6 is 5mm to 50mm, the high temperature adhesive tape 6 can be ensured to have a good anti-overflow function, and waste of materials can be avoided.

In addition, the high-temperature adhesive tape 6 should have a certain structural strength, so that it is not easy to break during tearing, and therefore, the thickness of the high-temperature adhesive tape 6 is preferably 0.05mm to 1mm, specifically may be 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm or 1mm, and may be other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, after step S5, the manufacturing method further includes:

Step S6: the laminate was removed from the laminator and cooled to room temperature.

Step S7: and removing excessive glue overflow at the edge of the laminated piece.

In this step, since the first adhesive film 41, the second adhesive film 42 and the adhesive layer 512 in the flowing state are pressed and then are outwardly extended to form burrs in the lamination process, the excessive adhesive overflows from the peripheral edges of the laminate are required to be cut off, so that the edges of the first reinforcing part 51, the second reinforcing part 52, the adhesive film 4 and the back plate 3 are aligned in the first direction Z, the regular and flat edges of the laminate can be ensured, and the storage, the transportation and the installation of the photovoltaic module are convenient.

Specifically, the excessive glue can be removed by using a cutting machine, or can be manually removed by using a utility knife, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Step S8: a junction box is mounted on the laminate.

In the step, the junction box is adhered to the light facing surface or the backlight surface of the laminated piece, and the lead wire is electrically connected with the junction box, so that the photovoltaic module is conveniently connected with other equipment or other photovoltaic modules.

After step S8, the photovoltaic module is further required to be cured, cleaned, and the like. After step S6, before step S7, and after step S8, EL detection may be performed again to detect whether the performance of the finished photovoltaic module is acceptable, and meanwhile, a worker may perform appearance detection on the photovoltaic module to ensure that the appearance of the photovoltaic module is perfect.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising:

A battery layer (1);

a front plate (2) provided on the light-facing side of the battery layer (1);

A back plate (3) provided on the backlight side of the battery layer (1);

The adhesive film layer (4) comprises a first adhesive film layer (41) positioned between the battery layer (1) and the front plate (2) and a second adhesive film layer (42) positioned between the battery layer (1) and the back plate (3);

the reinforcing structure (5) is used for forming wrapped protection at the edge of the front plate (2), the reinforcing structure (5) comprises a first reinforcing part (51) and a second reinforcing part (52), the first reinforcing part (51) covers the part of the light-facing surface of the front plate (2), the first reinforcing part (51) comprises a coating layer (511) and an adhesive layer (512), the coating layer (511) and the front plate (2) are respectively positioned at two sides of the adhesive layer (512) along the first direction, and the coating layer (511) is fixed on the light-facing surface of the front plate (2) through the adhesive layer (512);

The size of the first adhesive film layer (41) is larger than that of the front plate (2) along the second direction and/or the third direction, a part of the bonding layer (512) extends to the outer side of the front plate (2), and a first accommodating space (10) is formed by the bonding layer (512) and the first adhesive film layer (41) along the first direction;

the adhesive layer (512) is made of one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin elastomer and polyvinyl butyral polyolefin, and the adhesive layer (512) and the first adhesive film layer (41) are made of the same material, and at least part of the adhesive layer (512) and at least part of the first adhesive film layer (41) can flow towards the first accommodating space (10) in a molten state so as to form the second reinforcing part (52) in the first accommodating space (10); the second reinforcement part (52) covers the side wall of the front plate (2), and two ends of the second reinforcement part (52) are respectively connected with the bonding layer (512) and the first adhesive film layer (41) along the first direction;

the first direction is the height direction of the photovoltaic module, the second direction is the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the third direction Y is the length direction of the photovoltaic module.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the edges of the first reinforcement (51), the second reinforcement (52), the glue film layer (4) and the backsheet (3) are aligned in the first direction.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the portion of the first reinforcement portion (51) covering the front plate (2) is W1, W1 is 5 mm-15 mm.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the coating layer (511) is D1,0.3mm +.d1 +.3 mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the cover layer (511) is one or more of thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene propylene diene monomer.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the adhesive layer (512) is D2,0.1mm +.d2 +.0.7 mm.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the second reinforcement (52) is D3,0mm < D3 +.10 mm.

8. The manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module is characterized in that the photovoltaic module comprises a battery layer (1), a front plate (2), a glue film layer (4), a back plate (3) and a reinforcing structure (5), the glue film layer (4) comprises a first glue film layer (41) and a second glue film layer (42), the reinforcing structure (5) is used for forming wrap-type protection at the edge of the front plate (2), the reinforcing structure (5) comprises a first reinforcing part (51) and a second reinforcing part (52), the first reinforcing part (51) covers the part of the light-facing surface of the front plate (2), and the first reinforcing part (51) comprises a coating layer (511) and an adhesive layer (512);

The size of the first adhesive film layer (41) is larger than that of the front plate (2) along the second direction and/or the third direction, and the bonding layer (512) and the second reinforcing part (52) are made of one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin elastomer and polyvinyl butyral polyolefin, and are the same as the material of the first adhesive film layer (41);

The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

Placing the light-facing surface of the front plate (2) upwards;

Paving the bonding layer (512) on a part area of the light facing surface of the front plate (2), and enabling part of the bonding layer (512) to extend to the outer side of the front plate (2) along the second direction and/or the third direction;

-laying the cladding layer (511) on a surface of the adhesive layer (512) facing away from the front plate (2); the front plate (2) and the first reinforcing part (51) are integrally turned over, so that the backlight surface of the front plate (2) is placed upwards;

Laying the first adhesive film layer (41), the battery layer (1), the second adhesive film layer (42) and the back plate (3) layer by layer on the backlight surface of the front plate (2) along a first direction so as to form a pre-laminated piece, wherein the bonding layer (512) and the first adhesive film layer (41) form a first accommodating space (10) along the first direction; ;

Laminating the pre-laminate, at least part of the adhesive layer (512) and at least part of the first adhesive film layer (41) being flowable in a molten state towards the first accommodation space (10) to form the second reinforcement (52) covering the side wall of the front panel (2) within the first accommodation space (10) to form the photovoltaic module;

The first direction is the height direction of the photovoltaic module, the second direction is the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the third direction is the length direction of the photovoltaic module.

9. The method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, when laying the adhesive layer (512) on a partial area of the light-facing surface of the front plate (2), the method specifically comprises:

the adhesive layer (512) is heated at intervals in the second direction and/or the third direction, so that at least part of the adhesive layer (512) is fixedly connected with the front plate (2).

10. The method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it comprises, before providing the first reinforcement (51) on the light-facing surface of the front plate (2), in particular:

A high-temperature adhesive tape is stuck on the light-facing surface of the front plate (2) so that the high-temperature adhesive tape and the front plate (2) enclose a second accommodating space (20) for accommodating the first reinforcing part (51).