CN117634342B - Simulation method and simulation system for refined wind field - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind field simulation, and discloses a simulation method and a simulation system of a refined wind field, which specifically comprise the following steps: step 1, determining an interpolation mode according to the type of mesoscale wind field data of a research area, wherein the type comprises grid point data type and single point data type; step 2, interpolating the mesoscale wind field data into simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode; and 3, driving simulation software to simulate the refined wind field of the simulation research area according to the interpolated mesoscale wind field data and the calculated domain terrain parameters corresponding to the research area in the simulation software. According to the invention, through analyzing the data types of the mesoscale wind field, adopting different interpolation modes according to different data types, considering the data continuation and the rationality of coupling variable calculation, the accurate input of the mesoscale mode lattice point data to the microscale mode is realized, the input errors and unreasonable input caused by the conventional direct interpolation method are avoided, and the high-precision simulation of the refined wind field is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a simulation method and a simulation system for a refined wind field, and belongs to the technical field of wind field simulation.
Background
With the development of computer technology and detection sensing technology, human beings acquire massive sea, land and air observation data, and researchers develop various meteorological modes by using the computer technology and the detection sensing technology. For one system in the atmosphere, a researcher divides the system into a planetary scale, a large scale, a mesoscale, a small scale and a micro scale according to the space range and the duration, the larger the system is, the longer the duration is, the wider the influence range is, the stronger the predictability is, and in turn, the smaller the system is, and the more difficult the prediction is in the smaller time-space range. Generally, a climate system generally refers to a large scale or even a planetary scale, while a weather system is limited to a medium-small scale.
The wind field system is one of weather systems, and the research of the wind field system has important significance for wind power generation, weather forecast and the like; the mesoscale mode in the meteorological mode and computational fluid dynamics (Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD) in the engineering are respectively numerical simulation means for researching the flow of the mesoscale and the small microscale in the atmosphere, the WRF mode (WEATHER RESEARCH AND Forecasting Model, WRF) is a new generation mesoscale mode, and the simulation means capable of realizing high space-time resolution and high precision can be obtained by coupling the mesoscale mode with the CFD mode.
When the WRF mode and the CFD mode are coupled to simulate a wind field, when the lowest layer height of the WRF mode is higher than the lowest layer height of the CFD mode, interpolation is generally directly adopted to carry out interpolation coupling on the WRF mode and the CFD mode, but the problem of large input error exists, so that the boundary information input in the coupling process does not accord with physical reality.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an analog simulation method of a refined wind field to solve the technical problems that interpolation coupling input errors are large and input boundary information does not accord with physical reality in the coupling process in the prior art. In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides an analog simulation method of a refined wind field, which comprises the following specific scheme:
a simulation method of a refined wind field comprises the following steps:
Step 1, determining an interpolation mode according to the type of mesoscale wind field data of a research area, wherein the type comprises a grid point data type and a single point data type;
step 2, interpolating the mesoscale wind field data into simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode;
And 3, driving the simulation software to simulate the refined wind field of the research area according to the interpolated mesoscale wind field data and the calculated domain topographic parameters corresponding to the research area in the simulation software.
Preferably, the mesoscale wind field data is interpolated into simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode, specifically:
and interpolating the mesoscale wind field data to grid points to be interpolated of the boundary of the calculation domain of the simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode.
Preferably, the step 1 specifically includes:
the interpolation mode of the mesoscale wind field data of the grid point data type is as follows: a proxel interpolation or a two-dimensional bilinear interpolation.
Preferably, the step 1 specifically includes:
Determining an interpolation mode according to the single-point data type, specifically:
Fitting the wind profile of the mesoscale wind field data of the single-point data type, and determining an interpolation mode according to the wind profile.
Preferably, the interpolating the mesoscale wind field data of the grid point data type into simulation software based on a proxel interpolation method specifically includes:
Dividing the mesoscale wind field data into different sectors according to wind directions, and generating mesoscale grid point data representing each sector in each sector;
And assigning each mesoscale grid point data on the section of each sector to the grid point to be interpolated in a direct corresponding mode.
Preferably, the two-dimensional bilinear interpolation method is used for interpolating the mesoscale wind field data of the grid point data type into simulation software, and specifically comprises the following steps:
Dividing the mesoscale wind field data into different sectors according to wind directions, and generating mesoscale grid point data representing each sector in each sector;
and vertically and linearly interpolating each piece of mesoscale grid point data on the vertical section of each sector to the height of the grid point to be interpolated, and horizontally interpolating the mesoscale grid point data to the grid point to be interpolated.
Preferably, determining an interpolation mode according to the wind profile specifically includes:
determining the mesoscale wind field data corresponding to the grid points to be interpolated according to the wind profile when the fitting degree value of the wind profile is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, and interpolating the mesoscale wind field data to the grid points to be interpolated;
determining that the fitting degree value of the wind profile is smaller than a preset threshold value, interpolating the mesoscale wind field data of the single-point data type onto the grid points to be interpolated, and obtaining a difference value area of the bottom layer height of the grid points to be interpolated and the bottom layer height of the mesoscale wind field data, so as to interpolate the difference value area according to a preset rule.
Preferably, the interpolation of the difference region according to a preset rule specifically includes:
and interpolating preset data of the mesoscale wind field data to the difference value area.
Preferably, the interpolation of the difference region according to a preset rule specifically includes:
Fitting the data of the bottom layer height of the mesoscale wind field data with the roughness of the simulation software to obtain an exponential wind profile;
And calculating a wind speed value of the difference region according to the exponential wind profile, and interpolating the wind speed value to the difference region.
The simulation system of the refined wind field based on the simulation method of the refined wind field comprises a data acquisition module, an interpolation module and a simulation module;
The data acquisition module is used for determining an interpolation mode according to the type of mesoscale wind field data of the research area, wherein the type comprises a grid point data type and a single point data type;
The interpolation module is used for interpolating the mesoscale wind field data into simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode;
the simulation module is used for driving the simulation software to simulate the refined wind field of the research area according to the interpolated mesoscale wind field data and the calculated domain terrain parameter corresponding to the research area in the simulation software.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, through analyzing the data types of the mesoscale wind field, considering different interpolation modes according to different data types, considering the data prolongation and the rationality of coupling variable calculation, the accurate input of the mesoscale mode lattice point data to the microscale mode is realized, the input errors and unreasonable input caused by the conventional direct interpolation method are avoided, and the high-precision simulation of the refined wind field is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fine wind farm simulation system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a simulation method for a fine wind farm in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
The traditional mesoscale mode can not provide high-precision wind field simulation because of larger simulation or forecast scale, and coupling between the mesoscale mode and the microscale mode is one of the technologies for realizing high space-time resolution and high precision, so that the problems of long time period, high investment and high randomness in traditional field survey and wind energy evaluation are effectively solved. In the coupling process, the mesoscale mode and the microscale mode need to transmit mesoscale data to the microscale mode for simulation, the difference of the wind speed from the ground to the high altitude in the output in the mesoscale mode is large, no specific rule exists, the data output by the mesoscale mode is interpolated into the microscale mode by adopting a direct interpolation method at present, when the height of the bottommost data in the mesoscale wind field data output by the WRF model is slightly higher than the bottom grid of the CFD calculation domain from the ground, the vertical interpolation method is effective, but when the height of the bottommost data in the mesoscale wind field data output by the WRF model is far higher than the bottom grid of the CFD calculation domain from the ground, the wind cut value of the bottommost scale wind field data output by the WRF model is large, the unusable value is easy to generate by adopting the vertical interpolation method, and errors are caused, so that the accuracy and the stability of the CFD model calculation simulation are affected. Meanwhile, the mesoscale data has two types, and is generally and respectively analyzed aiming at different types of data, so that the mesoscale data format and the data characteristics provided by a user are severely restricted; the invention provides a simulation method of a refined wind field to solve the problems, and the simulation method of the refined wind field can be used in various fields such as weather forecast, wind resource evaluation and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, a simulation method for a refined wind field includes:
Step 1, determining an interpolation mode according to the type of mesoscale wind field data of a research area, wherein the type comprises grid point data type and single point data type; the interpolation mode of the mesoscale wind field data of the grid point data type is as follows: a proxel interpolation or a two-dimensional bilinear interpolation. The interpolation mode is determined according to the single-point data type, specifically: fitting a wind profile of the mesoscale wind field data of the single-point data type, and determining an interpolation mode according to the wind profile.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the WRF model is used as a mesoscale mode, the CFD model is used as a microscale mode, and mesoscale wind field data includes grid point data types and single point data types, where the grid point data types represent meteorological element field information in a three-dimensional space, and a result usually output by the mesoscale modes such as the WRF model is commonly used as volume data in NETCDF format, and by adopting the format, operations such as storage, management, acquisition and distribution can be efficiently performed; while the data of the single point data type is wind data at a single point fixed altitude every one hour or tens of minutes, including wind direction and wind speed.
Specifically, the simulation method of the fine wind field provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly analyzing mesoscale wind field data, specifically, inputting the mesoscale wind field data into a WRF model by a user, receiving and preprocessing the mesoscale wind field data by the WRF model, wherein the preprocessing comprises the steps of converting original vertical coordinates, and uniformly processing the mesoscale wind field data into a ground clearance; and then judging the type of the mesoscale wind field data, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of: judging whether the mesoscale wind field data is reasonable or not, if the mesoscale wind field data is unreasonable, the format error is included, the analysis is impossible, abnormal values exceeding a threshold value appear, and the like, reporting errors; if so, judging whether the mesoscale wind field data are of the mesh point data type, when the mesoscale wind field data are of the mesh point data type, analyzing and reconstructing according to specific data storage information in the index file, reconstructing a plurality of pieces of mesh point data into a three-dimensional meteorological data set, storing the attributes of the data such as resolution, time sequence, relative position and the like, and converting a geographic coordinate system of the mesoscale wind field data. When the mesoscale wind field data is determined to be of a single-point data type, the single-point data has no resolution concept, so that each single-point mesoscale data is regarded as anemometry data, and batch management is carried out.
Specifically, the method further comprises the following steps: grid division is carried out by setting grid information of the CFD model, the grid information comprises the size of a calculation domain and the grid resolution, wherein the calculation domain is a projection area of an area to be simulated, namely a research area, in the CFD model, and a corresponding CFD grid is generated after the grid information is set. And according to the research target, the inlet and outlet speed inlet and pressure outlet settings of all side interfaces of the CFD grids under different sectors are determined. And the method also comprises the steps of encryption zone setting, coordinate system setting, sector setting, grid center setting and the like.
Specifically, the embodiment further includes parameters submitted to the CFD model, where the parameters include ground data, roughness data, wake model, turbulence model, send crown model, brake disc model, and the like.
The invention also comprises sector classification, after the type of the mesoscale wind field data is divided, the mesoscale wind field data is divided into different sectors, and is generally and uniformly divided into N sectors, specifically, in the embodiment, the mesoscale wind field data is divided into 16 sectors according to the preset sector setting, each sector covers 360 degrees/16, namely 22.5 degrees, specifically, the 1 sector range is [348.75, 11.25], the 2 sector range is [11.25, 33.75], the 3 sector range is [33.75, 26.25], and the like, and the 16 sector range is [326.25,348.75]. Since the refined wind farm simulation of the present embodiment is used for wind resource assessment, which is typically focused on heights below 200 meters, when computing the fan, the wind direction is according to the average wind direction in the range of 60-160 meters from the ground height of the mesoscale wind farm data at the entrance of the CFD computing domain.
Step 2, interpolating the mesoscale wind field data into simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode; the mesoscale wind field data is interpolated to grid points to be interpolated of the boundary of the calculation domain of the simulation software;
the method for interpolating the mesoscale wind field data of the grid point data type into simulation software based on the adjacent point interpolation method specifically comprises the following steps: dividing mesoscale wind field data into different sectors according to wind directions, and generating mesoscale grid point data representing each sector in each sector; and assigning each mesoscale grid point data on the section of each sector to the grid point to be interpolated in a direct corresponding mode.
The method for interpolating the mesoscale wind field data of the grid point data type into simulation software based on the two-dimensional bilinear interpolation method specifically comprises the following steps: dividing mesoscale wind field data into different sectors according to wind directions, and generating mesoscale grid point data representing each sector in each sector; and vertically and linearly interpolating each mesoscale grid point data on the vertical section of each sector to the height of the grid point to be interpolated, and horizontally interpolating the mesoscale grid point data to the grid point to be interpolated.
Specifically, after the mesoscale wind field data is analyzed, before the mesoscale wind field data is interpolated into the simulation software based on the corresponding interpolation mode, setting an inlet boundary condition in the CFD model, and setting the corresponding interpolation mode, wherein the method is used for interpolating different data types into the CFD model by adopting different interpolation modes.
Specifically, when the mesoscale wind field data is of the grid point data type, the mesoscale data is used to define the wind speed of the CFD to-be-interpolated grid points on the CFD speed inlet boundary, taking into account the relative position and resolution of the mesoscale wind field data. Firstly, after the mesoscale wind field data are divided into 16 sectors according to wind directions, the mesoscale wind field data of each sector are averaged to generate mesoscale grid point data representing each sector, and an inlet boundary interpolation method is set as follows: adjacent interpolation or two-dimensional bilinear interpolation. The interpolation is carried out by adopting a proximity interpolation method or a two-dimensional bilinear interpolation method, wherein the proximity interpolation method is specifically to extract meteorological elements of all grid points on a section closest to the boundary of the CFD calculation domain in a three-dimensional field output by the WRF model, and then directly assign the meteorological elements to grid points to be interpolated on the boundary of the CFD calculation domain. The two-dimensional bilinear interpolation method specifically comprises the steps of vertically and linearly interpolating values of all grid points on a vertical section closest to the boundary of a CFD calculation domain in a three-dimensional field output by a WRF model to the height of grid points to be interpolated, and then assigning values to the grid points to be interpolated on the boundary of the CFD calculation domain through bilinear horizontal interpolation.
In the invention, when the mesoscale wind field data is of a single-point data type, an interpolation mode is determined according to a wind profile, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: determining mesoscale wind field data corresponding to grid points to be interpolated according to the wind profile if the fitting degree value of the wind profile is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, and interpolating the mesoscale wind field data to the grid points to be interpolated; determining that the fitting degree value of the wind profile is smaller than a preset threshold value, interpolating the mesoscale wind field data of the single-point data type onto grid points to be interpolated, and acquiring a difference value area of the bottom layer height of the grid points to be interpolated and the bottom layer height of the mesoscale wind field data so as to preset a regular interpolation difference value area.
Interpolation of the difference region with a preset rule specifically includes: and interpolating preset data of the mesoscale wind field data into a difference area.
Interpolation of the difference region with a preset rule specifically includes: fitting the data of the bottom layer height of the mesoscale wind field data with the roughness of the simulation software to obtain an exponential wind profile; and calculating a wind speed value of the difference region according to the exponential wind profile, and interpolating the wind speed value to the difference region.
Specifically, when the mesoscale wind field data are of single-point data type, after sector division is carried out on the mesoscale wind field data, the wind speed average value of each height under the sector is counted, then wind profile fitting, specifically exponential wind profile fitting, is carried out according to the wind speed average value, whether the fitting degree value of the wind profile is larger than a preset threshold value is determined, and the wind profile fitting effect is judged; specifically, in this embodiment, the fitting effect is determined by using the determinable coefficient R 2, the preset threshold is 0.9, if R 2 is greater than or equal to 0.9, the fitting effect is considered to be better, and if R 2 is less than 0.9, the fitting effect is considered to be poor. Wherein R 2 is defined as:
Wherein y i is a series of true values, As a fitting value corresponding to the true value,For the sample average, when R 2 =1, it is the most ideal case, i.e. all fitting values are equal to true values, so that closer R 2 to 1 represents better fitting.
When the fitting effect is good, directly utilizing the wind profile to generate data corresponding to the difference value area of the bottommost layer of the mesoscale wind field data and the bottommost layer of the grid point to be interpolated of the CFD model, and further interpolating the mesoscale wind field data and the data corresponding to the difference value area generated by utilizing the wind profile to the grid point to be interpolated.
When the fitting effect is poor, setting an inlet boundary interpolation method as follows: the vertical interpolation method may be set as linear interpolation, cubic spline interpolation, or the like. By vertical interpolation, a wind profile is generated that varies with altitude. For a difference value area of the bottom layer height of a grid point to be interpolated and the bottom layer height of mesoscale wind field data in the CFD model, acquiring data corresponding to the difference value area in a data continuation mode and interpolating the data into the grid point to be interpolated; the method specifically comprises two data continuation modes, namely: and interpolating preset data of the mesoscale wind field data into a difference area. Specifically, the wind speed value on the highest-layer height grid point in the mesoscale wind field data is assigned to a difference value area. Mode two: fitting the data of the lowest layer height of the mesoscale wind field data with the roughness of simulation software to obtain an exponential wind profile; and calculating a wind speed value of the difference region according to the exponential wind profile, and interpolating the wind speed value to the difference region. The method comprises the steps of fitting an exponential wind profile by combining a wind speed value on the bottom layer height in mesoscale wind field data with the roughness of a CFD model, generating a wind speed value of a difference region according to the wind profile, and further interpolating the wind speed value to the difference region.
And 3, driving simulation software to simulate the refined wind field of the simulation research area according to the interpolated mesoscale wind field data and the calculated domain terrain parameters corresponding to the research area in the simulation software.
Specifically, in this embodiment, after the mesoscale wind field data is interpolated into the CFD model, the CFD model is driven, and the CFD model generates wind speed information at the entrance boundary of the CFD calculation domain in combination with pre-submitted topographic data and roughness data, and then the CFD model outputs the refined wind field of the research area according to the wind speed information at the entrance boundary and the simulation of the pre-submitted wake model, turbulence model, sen-crown model, brake disc model and the like.
Embodiment II,
The simulation system of the refined wind field based on the simulation method of the refined wind field shown in fig. 2 comprises a data acquisition module, an interpolation module and a simulation module;
the data acquisition module is used for determining an interpolation mode according to the type of mesoscale wind field data of the research area, wherein the type comprises grid point data type and single point data type;
The interpolation module is used for interpolating the mesoscale wind field data into simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode;
The simulation module is used for driving simulation software to simulate the refined wind field of the simulation research area according to the interpolated mesoscale wind field data and the calculated domain terrain parameter corresponding to the research area in the simulation software.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the data acquisition module includes an input unit and a mesoscale data processing unit, where the mesoscale data processing unit is specifically a WRF model, the interpolation module is a mesoscale data fusion unit, and the simulation module is a CFD model. The wind power generation system further comprises an output module, and the output module outputs the refined wind field simulated by the CFD model.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, through analyzing the data types of the mesoscale wind field, considering different interpolation modes according to different data types, considering the data prolongation and the rationality of coupling variable calculation, the accurate input of the mesoscale mode lattice point data to the microscale mode is realized, the input errors and unreasonable input caused by the conventional direct interpolation method are avoided, and the high-precision simulation of the refined wind field is realized.
The above examples illustrate only one embodiment of the invention, which is described in more detail and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The simulation method of the refined wind field is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1, determining an interpolation mode according to the type of mesoscale wind field data of a research area, wherein the type comprises a grid point data type and a single point data type;
step2, interpolating the mesoscale wind field data into simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
interpolating the mesoscale wind field data to grid points to be interpolated of the boundary of the calculation domain of the simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode;
The interpolation mode of the mesoscale wind field data of the grid point data type is as follows: a proxel interpolation method or a two-dimensional bilinear interpolation method;
determining an interpolation mode of the mesoscale wind field data of the single-point data type specifically comprises the following steps:
determining an interpolation mode according to the single-point data type, specifically: fitting a wind profile of the mesoscale wind field data of the single-point data type, and determining an interpolation mode according to the wind profile;
And 3, driving the simulation software to simulate the refined wind field of the research area according to the interpolated mesoscale wind field data and the calculated domain topographic parameters corresponding to the research area in the simulation software.
2. The simulation method of a refined wind farm according to claim 1, wherein interpolating the mesoscale wind farm data of the grid point data type into simulation software based on a proxel interpolation method specifically comprises:
Dividing the mesoscale wind field data into different sectors according to wind directions, and generating mesoscale grid point data representing each sector in each sector;
And assigning each mesoscale grid point data on the section of each sector to the grid point to be interpolated in a direct corresponding mode.
3. The simulation method of a refined wind farm according to claim 1, wherein interpolating the mesoscale wind farm data of the grid point data type into simulation software based on a two-dimensional bilinear interpolation method specifically comprises:
Dividing the mesoscale wind field data into different sectors according to wind directions, and generating mesoscale grid point data representing each sector in each sector;
and vertically and linearly interpolating each piece of mesoscale grid point data on the vertical section of each sector to the height of the grid point to be interpolated, and horizontally interpolating the mesoscale grid point data to the grid point to be interpolated.
4. The simulation method of a refined wind field according to claim 1, wherein determining an interpolation mode according to the wind profile specifically comprises:
determining the mesoscale wind field data corresponding to the grid points to be interpolated according to the wind profile when the fitting degree value of the wind profile is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, and interpolating the mesoscale wind field data to the grid points to be interpolated;
determining that the fitting degree value of the wind profile is smaller than a preset threshold value, interpolating the mesoscale wind field data of the single-point data type onto the grid points to be interpolated, and obtaining a difference value area of the bottom layer height of the grid points to be interpolated and the bottom layer height of the mesoscale wind field data, so as to interpolate the difference value area according to a preset rule.
5. The simulated simulation method of a refined wind farm according to claim 4, wherein interpolating the difference region with a preset rule comprises:
and interpolating preset data of the mesoscale wind field data to the difference value area.
6. The simulated simulation method of a refined wind farm according to claim 4, wherein interpolating the difference region with a preset rule comprises:
Fitting the data of the bottom layer height of the mesoscale wind field data with the roughness of the simulation software to obtain an exponential wind profile;
And calculating a wind speed value of the difference region according to the exponential wind profile, and interpolating the wind speed value to the difference region.
7. A simulation system of a refined wind field based on the simulation method of the refined wind field according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, an interpolation module and a simulation module;
The data acquisition module is used for determining an interpolation mode according to the type of mesoscale wind field data of the research area, wherein the type comprises a grid point data type and a single point data type;
The interpolation module is used for interpolating the mesoscale wind field data into simulation software based on a corresponding interpolation mode;
the simulation module is used for driving the simulation software to simulate the refined wind field of the research area according to the interpolated mesoscale wind field data and the calculated domain terrain parameter corresponding to the research area in the simulation software.
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