CN117569740A - Hole drilling tool for directional drilling of broken stratum - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hole drilling tool for directional drilling of broken stratum, which comprises a directional drill bit, a single-bending screw motor, a measurement-while-drilling probe, a stuck releasing device and a directional drill rod which are connected in sequence; the unlocking device comprises an unlocking shell with a hollow channel and a plurality of unlocking mechanisms circumferentially distributed on the unlocking shell, wherein the unlocking shell comprises a step part positioned in the middle and round pipe parts positioned at two sides of the step part, the two sides of the step part are sloping surfaces, and a spiral groove structure is arranged on the round pipe parts; the unclamping mechanism comprises reaming cutting teeth. Through setting up the unclamping device, utilize the water pressure of high pressure flushing fluid, realize the extension of reaming cutting tooth, be convenient for carry out the reaming to the drilling when the card bores, form the reaming section, the helicla flute structure all carries the coal rock piece that causes the card to step department, extrudees the crushing to the coal rock piece simultaneously, and the spun high pressure water carries out the water cutting to the coal rock piece in the oblique passageway, and harder coal rock piece can't fully smash and get into in the reaming section to realize the unclamping of pilot bit.

Description

Hole drilling tool for directional drilling of broken stratum

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground tunnel drilling of coal mines, in particular to a hole drilling tool for directional drilling of broken stratum.

Background

In the Hebei province, in particular to a Handan chen mining area, along with the gradual exhaustion of coal resources at the upper part, the exploitation of the coal bed at the lower part faces the exploitation problems of large exploitation depth, high bearing pressure and strong water damage, and the water retention and the coal mining become contradictory factors. The exploitation of the lower coal seam aims to solve the difficult problem of 'protecting deep Ort ash bearing water and simultaneously realizing safe exploitation of coal mine', and a treatment method of filling grouting reinforcement after directional drilling and pore forming is adopted at present.

When the coal seam or rock stratum is broken and near directional drilling is carried out, especially in the near horizontal directional drilling process, drilling jamming or burying accidents are easy to occur, the drilling tool mainly comprises collapse Kong Kazuan, mudstone diameter-reducing jamming and drilling cuttings deposition jamming, wherein the collapse hole jamming is a hole accident with higher occurrence frequency, and the occurrence reason is that the drilling tool is blocked due to the fact that the local rock mass of the hole wall is unstable and collapses, so that the drilling tool is prevented from rotating and lifting.

In the prior art, two methods of powerful salvage and milling salvage are generally adopted to treat drill sticking or drill burying accidents. The method of combining the rapid forward rotation change and rapid tripping and rapid repeated conversion is adopted in the strong salvaging, so that the drilling tool at the drill clamping position of the collapsed hole can squeeze and roll collapsed scraps to loosen the drilling tool, and the purpose of releasing the clamp is achieved. For some larger and harder coal rock blocks generated during hole collapse, the spiral grooves are shallow due to the limitation of the spiral drill rod structure, and are only 3-5mm in general, so that the harder coal rock blocks cannot be effectively crushed, and when drill slag in the hole is accumulated, abnormal conditions of rapid rising of parameters such as drilling pressure, slurry pump pressure and the like can occur, so that normal construction cannot be performed; and the drilling tool is easy to generate fatigue damage, so that the complexity of accident handling is increased, and the drilling safety is reduced. And when the milling and salvaging is carried out to carry out the stuck drill accident treatment, the problems of low stuck drill treatment efficiency, long drilling cycle and the like exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a hole drilling tool for directional drilling of fractured formations.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a hole drilling tool for directional drilling of broken stratum, which comprises a directional drill bit, a single-bending screw motor, a measurement-while-drilling probe, a stuck releasing device and a directional drill rod which are connected in sequence;

the unlocking device comprises an unlocking shell with a hollow channel and a plurality of unlocking mechanisms circumferentially distributed on the unlocking shell, wherein the unlocking shell comprises a step part positioned in the middle and round pipe parts positioned at two sides of the step part, the two sides of the step part are sloping surfaces, and a spiral groove structure is arranged on the round pipe parts;

the clamping releasing mechanism comprises a hydraulic cavity, a clamping releasing cavity, a hydraulic channel and an oblique injection channel which are arranged in the step part, wherein the hydraulic cavity is communicated with the hollow channel, a piston is arranged in the hydraulic cavity in a sliding and sealing manner, a first spring is arranged in the hydraulic cavity and is connected with the piston, a one-way resistance valve is arranged on one side, far away from the center of the step part, of the hydraulic cavity, and the one-way resistance valve is communicated with the clamping releasing cavity through the hydraulic channel; the inner sliding seal of the unclamping cavity is provided with an outer sliding sleeve, the inner sliding sleeve is provided with an inner sliding block in a sliding seal manner, one end of the outer side of the inner sliding block is provided with a reaming cutting tooth, the unclamping cavity is internally provided with a second spring, and the second spring is connected with the outer sliding sleeve; one end of the oblique injection channel is communicated with the hydraulic cavity, and the other end of the oblique injection channel penetrates through the slope; crushing cutting teeth are arranged on the slope;

when the pressure in the unclamping shell is smaller than a first preset pressure value, the piston seals one end of the oblique injection channel communicated with the hydraulic cavity, and the rotating radius of the reaming cutting teeth is smaller than the rotating radius of the pilot bit; when the pressure in the unclamping shell is larger than a second preset pressure value, the piston opens one end of the oblique injection channel communicated with the hydraulic cavity, and the rotating radius of the reaming cutting tooth is larger than the rotating radius of the pilot bit; the second preset pressure value is greater than the first preset pressure value.

Preferably, one end of the piston, which is close to the center of the step part, is provided with an inclined wedge block which can extend to the hollow channel; when the pressure in the unclamping shell is smaller than a first preset pressure value, the part of the inclined wedge block with the inclined surface is positioned in the hollow channel; when the pressure in the unclamping shell is larger than a second preset pressure value, the inclined wedge block is completely contained in the hydraulic cavity.

Preferably, the one-way resistance valve comprises a valve shell, a valve core and a third spring, wherein the inner cavity of the valve shell comprises a narrowing cavity with a frustum structure, an inlet and an outlet are formed in the valve shell and are communicated with the narrowing cavity, the inlet is close to one end with the smallest diameter of the narrowing cavity, the outlet is connected with a hydraulic channel, the valve core is matched with the narrowing cavity, a plurality of gaps are formed in the outer wall of the valve core, the cross section area of one end, close to the outlet, of the gap is larger than the cross section area of one end, far away from the outlet, of the gap, the third spring is arranged in the inner cavity of the valve shell, and one end, far away from the outlet, of the valve core is connected with the third spring.

Preferably, the unidirectional resistance valve further comprises a telescopic guide rod, the fixed end of the telescopic guide rod is fixedly connected with the valve shell, and the telescopic end of the telescopic guide rod is connected with the valve core.

Preferably, the one-way valve mechanism is arranged in the oblique injection channel, the one-way valve mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a fourth spring and a one-way valve ball, the fixed plate is fixedly arranged in the oblique injection channel, a horn mouth is arranged at one end of the oblique injection channel, which penetrates through the slope, the one-way valve ball is clamped in the horn mouth, and one end of the fourth spring is connected with the fixed plate, and the other end of the fourth spring is connected with the one-way valve ball.

Preferably, the horn mouth is fixedly provided with a limiting plate, and the limiting plate is used for being in contact fit with the check valve ball to limit the check valve ball to move out of the horn mouth.

Preferably, the two ends of the unlocking shell are respectively provided with a male connector and a female connector.

Preferably, the unclamping cavity comprises a liquid inlet cavity and a movable cavity, the liquid inlet cavity is positioned on one side of the movable cavity, which is close to the center of the unclamping shell, the liquid inlet cavity is communicated with the hydraulic channel, the size of the outer sliding sleeve is larger than that of the liquid inlet cavity, and the outer sliding sleeve moves in the movable cavity.

Preferably, the outer sliding sleeve comprises a first boss part, the first boss part is positioned on one side of the outer sliding sleeve, which is close to the center of the unlocking shell, and the second spring is connected with the first boss part.

Preferably, the inner slide comprises a second boss part, the second boss part is positioned at one side of the inner slide close to the center of the unlocking shell, the second boss part is in sliding sealing connection with the inner wall of the outer slide sleeve, the outer slide sleeve comprises a limiting ring part positioned at the inner side of the outer slide sleeve, the limiting ring part is positioned at one side of the outer slide sleeve far away from the center of the unlocking shell, and the limiting ring part is used for being in contact fit with the second boss part to limit the second boss part from being separated from the outer slide sleeve.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

through setting up the unclamping device, utilize the water pressure of high pressure flushing fluid, realize the extension of reaming cutting tooth, the reaming cutting tooth can be to the drilling, form the reaming section, the helicla flute structure of both sides all is carried the coal rock piece that causes the card to the step department, simultaneously squeeze crushing to the coal rock piece, harder coal rock piece can't fully smash just be carried to step department, broken cutting tooth carries out the further breakage to the coal rock piece, the high-pressure water of spouting in the oblique passageway can also impact, the water cutting to the coal rock piece, the unbroken coal rock piece finally gets into in the reaming section, make the directional bit can avoid unbroken harder coal rock piece when following the brill of carrying, thereby realize the unclamping of directional bit;

through setting up the one-way resistance valve, can restrict the backward flow of hydraulic oil to the hydraulic pressure chamber of unclamping the chamber for the hydraulic oil of unclamping the chamber keeps great pressure, can carry out steady support to interior slider, outer slip cover, makes reaming cutting tooth can keep great swivel radius, and keeps great thrust and borehole inner wall to keep contact, is convenient for ream the borehole, makes the water pressure of high pressure flushing fluid not need be in the state that is greater than the second and presets the pressure value all the time simultaneously, the energy saving.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the operation state of a drilling tool (without high pressure cleaning water);

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second operating state of the drilling tool according to an embodiment of the present invention (the pressure in the unclamped housing is less than a first predetermined pressure value);

FIG. 3 is a second diagram illustrating an operating state of the drilling tool according to an embodiment of the present invention (the pressure in the unclamped housing is greater than a second predetermined pressure value);

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the card releasing device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the card releasing device in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the card releasing device in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the one-way valve mechanism of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the check resistance valve of FIG. 7 (valve element closed state);

FIG. 10 is another state diagram of the check resistance valve (valve element open state);

FIG. 11 is a front view of the card release device;

in the figure, 1, a pilot bit; 2. a single-turn screw motor; 3. measuring probe while drilling; 4. orienting the drill rod; 5. a card releasing device; 51. a unclamping shell; 511. a hollow passage; 512. a step portion; 5121. a slope; 513. a circular tube part; 514. a spiral groove structure; 515. a male connector; 516. a female joint; 52. a card releasing mechanism; 521. a hydraulic chamber; 5211. a piston; 5212. a first spring; 5213. wedge block; 522. releasing the cavity; 5221. an outer sliding sleeve; 52211. a first boss portion; 52212. a limit ring part; 5222. an inner slide; 52221. a second boss portion; 5223. a second spring; 5224. a liquid inlet cavity; 5225. a movable cavity; 523. a hydraulic passage; 524. a oblique injection passage; 525. a one-way resistance valve; 5251. a valve housing; 52511. narrowing the cavity; 52512. an inlet; 52513. an outlet; 5252. a valve core; 5253. a third spring; 5254. a notch; 5255. a telescopic guide rod; 526. reaming cutting teeth; 527. crushing the cutting teeth; 528. a one-way valve mechanism; 5281. a fixing plate; 5282. a fourth spring; 5283. a check valve ball; 5284. a horn mouth; 5285. a limiting plate; 6. and (5) reaming the hole.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Referring to fig. 1 to 11, an embodiment of the present application provides a hole drilling tool for directional drilling of broken formation, which includes a directional drill bit 1, a single-bending screw motor 2, a measurement while drilling probe 3, a stuck releasing device 5 and a directional drill rod 4 connected in sequence; the directional drill bit 1, the single-bending screw motor 2, the measurement-while-drilling probe 3 and the directional drill rod 4 are all of the prior art and all have hollow structures, high-pressure flushing fluid sequentially enters the directional drill rod 4, the unclamping device 5, the measurement-while-drilling probe 3, the single-bending screw motor 2 and the directional drill bit 1, and finally the directional drill bit 1 sprays high-pressure flushing fluid, the single-bending screw motor 2 converts the kinetic energy of the high-pressure flushing fluid into mechanical energy for driving the directional drill bit 1 to rotate, and the directional drill bit 1 rotates while spraying liquid, so that directional drilling is facilitated. The measurement while drilling probe 3 can measure the space parameters of the drilling track and the tool face direction of the single-bending screw motor 2, so that the directional deflecting direction is determined according to the deviation of the drilling real drilling track and the design track. The rotary power of the drilling machine can be transmitted to the single-bending screw motor 2 and the directional drill bit 1 through the directional drill rod 4, the unclamping device 5 and the measurement while drilling probe 3 in sequence, so that the directional drill bit 1 can be driven to rotate and be adjusted to a directional deflecting direction when high-pressure flushing fluid is not supplied.

The foregoing is all the prior art, and the key point of this embodiment is that the unlocking device 5 is provided, where the unlocking device 5 includes an unlocking housing 51 with a hollow channel 511 and a plurality of unlocking mechanisms 52 circumferentially distributed on the unlocking housing 51, the unlocking housing 51 includes a step portion 512 located in the middle and round tube portions 513 located at two sides of the step portion 512, the wall thickness of the step portion 512 is greater than that of the round tube portions 513, two sides of the step portion 512 are slope 5121, spiral groove structures 514 are provided on the round tube portions 513, and the rotation directions of the spiral groove structures 514 on the two round tube portions 513 are opposite; in this embodiment, the spiral groove structure 514 is a spiral blade fixedly installed on the circular tube portion 513, and the outer diameter of the spiral blade is smaller than the outer diameter of the step portion 512; other embodiments may also provide the spiral groove structure 514 as a spiral groove formed on the circular pipe portion 513, but the spiral groove of the structure is shallow, and the effects of rolling, conveying and crushing harder coal and rock are poor;

the unclamping mechanism 52 comprises a hydraulic cavity 521, an unclamping cavity 522, a hydraulic channel 523 and an oblique injection channel 524 which are arranged in the step part 512, wherein the hydraulic cavity 521 is communicated with the hollow channel 511, a piston 5211 is arranged in the hydraulic cavity 521 in a sliding and sealing manner, hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic cavity 521, the piston 5211 is used for limiting the hydraulic oil to flow into the hollow channel 511, a limiting protruding part is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic cavity 521 and can limit the piston 5211 to separate from the hydraulic cavity 521 and enter the hollow channel 511, a first spring 5212 is arranged in the hydraulic cavity 521, the first spring 5212 is connected with the piston 5211, a one-way resistance valve 525 is arranged on one side of the hydraulic cavity 521 away from the center of the step part 512, and the one-way resistance valve 525 is communicated with the unclamping cavity 522 through the hydraulic channel 523; the inner sliding sleeve 5221 is arranged in the unclamping cavity 522 in a sliding manner, the inner sliding sleeve 5222 is arranged in the outer sliding sleeve 5221 in a sliding manner, the reaming cutting teeth 526 are arranged at one end of the outer side of the inner sliding sleeve 5222, the second spring 5223 is arranged in the unclamping cavity 522, and the second spring 5223 is connected with the outer sliding sleeve 5221; one end of the oblique injection passage 524 is communicated with the hydraulic cavity 521, and the other end of the oblique injection passage penetrates through the slope 5121; crushing cutting teeth 527 are mounted on the sloping surface 5121;

when the pressure in the unclamping shell 51 is smaller than a first preset pressure value, the piston 5211 seals one end of the oblique injection passage 524, which is communicated with the hydraulic cavity 521, and the rotation radius of the reaming cutting tooth 526 is smaller than that of the pilot bit 1; when the pressure in the unclamping shell 51 is larger than a second preset pressure value, the piston 5211 opens one end of the oblique injection passage 524 communicated with the hydraulic cavity 521, and the rotation radius of the reaming cutting tooth 526 is larger than that of the pilot bit 1; the second preset pressure value is greater than the first preset pressure value.

In this embodiment, when high-pressure flushing fluid is not introduced during directional drilling, referring to fig. 1 and 4, the single-bending screw motor 2 does not drive the directional drill bit 1 to rotate; when high-pressure flushing fluid is introduced, referring to fig. 2 and 5, when the high-pressure flushing fluid passes through the hollow channel 511, the piston 5211 is pushed to move to the depth of the hydraulic cavity 521, so that the first spring 5212 is compressed, part of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cavity 521 enters the unclamping cavity 522 through the one-way resistance valve 525 and the hydraulic channel 523, the hydraulic oil entering the unclamping cavity 522 firstly pushes the inner slide 5222 to move, so that the inner slide 5222 extends out of the outer slide 5221 partially, the hydraulic pressure of the high-pressure flushing fluid is controlled to be smaller than a first preset pressure value, the thrust of the hydraulic pressure on the piston 5211 is controlled to be smaller than the limit compression amount of the first spring 5212, the displacement of the piston 5211 is not too large, the displacement of the reaming cutting tooth 526 is not too large, the rotation radius of the reaming cutting tooth 526 is smaller than the rotation radius of the pilot bit 1, the reaming cutting tooth 526 can move in a drilled hole, and the drilling hole cannot be reamed;

as shown in fig. 3, after drilling is completed, lifting the drill, and when the drill is stuck, releasing the pilot bit 1 by using a releasing device 5; specifically, the water pressure of the high-pressure flushing liquid is controlled to be larger than a second preset pressure value, the first spring 5212 is further compressed, the piston 5211 is further increased in displacement, hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cavity 521 is more injected into the unclamping cavity 522, the outer sliding sleeve 5221 and the inner sliding block 5222 are pushed to extend outwards, the second spring 5223 is compressed, the piston 5211 does not seal the oblique injection channel 524 any more, the oblique injection channel 524 is opened, and at the moment, the rotation radius of the reaming cutting teeth 526 is larger than the rotation radius of the pilot bit 1; reaming cutting teeth 526 may ream the borehole; then continuing to drill down, so that the stuck freeing device 5 moves towards the direction of the pilot bit 1, and crushing and transferring coal and rock blocks between the stuck freeing device 5 and the pilot bit 1; the reaming cutting teeth 526 are advanced to ream the drilled holes to form a reaming section 6, the spiral groove structures 514 on two sides are used for conveying coal rock blocks which cause jamming to the step part 512, meanwhile, the coal rock blocks are extruded and crushed, harder coal rock blocks cannot be fully crushed and are conveyed to the step part 512, the crushing cutting teeth 527 are used for further crushing the coal rock blocks, high-pressure water sprayed from the oblique jet channel 524 can be used for impacting and cutting the coal rock blocks, the uncrushed coal rock blocks finally enter the reaming section 6, so that the directional drill bit 1 can avoid the uncrushed harder coal rock blocks during subsequent drilling, and the unlocking of the directional drill bit 1 is realized;

the water pressure of the high-pressure flushing liquid is not always in a state of being larger than a second preset pressure value, and because the unidirectional resistance valve 525 is arranged, the backflow of the hydraulic oil in the unclamping cavity 522 to the hydraulic cavity 521 can be limited, so that the hydraulic oil in the unclamping cavity 522 can maintain a larger pressure, the inner slide 5222 and the outer slide sleeve 5221 can be stably supported, the reaming cutting teeth 526 can maintain a larger rotating radius, and a larger thrust force can be kept in continuous contact with the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the reaming of the drill hole is facilitated;

after the blockage between the unlocking device 5 and the pilot bit 1 is cleaned, waiting for a period of time under the condition of stopping introducing high-pressure flushing fluid before starting to lift the drill, so that hydraulic oil in an unlocking cavity can slowly flow back to the hydraulic cavity 521 through the one-way resistance valve 525, the outer sliding sleeve 5221 and the inner sliding block 5222 are reset into the unlocking cavity, and then lifting the drill, so that the drill is prevented from being blocked due to excessive extension of the inner sliding block 5222;

if the large-area stuck drill exists in the direction of the stuck releasing device 5 away from the directional drill bit 1, in the drill lifting process, the same principle as the stuck releasing is adopted, the stuck releasing device 5 slowly lifts the drill while reaming, and the spiral groove structure 514 on one side close to the directional drill rod 4 pushes the coal rock mass to the reaming section 6, so that stuck releasing is realized.

In a specific embodiment, in order to achieve that when the pressure in the unclamping housing 51 is greater than the second preset pressure value, the piston 5211 can open the end of the oblique injection channel 524, which is in communication with the hydraulic chamber 521, and the rotating radius of the reaming cutting tooth 526 is greater than the rotating radius of the pilot bit 1, the end of the reaming cutting tooth 526, which is near the center of the step portion 512, is provided with the oblique wedge 5213, which can extend to the hollow channel 511, and the end surface of the oblique wedge 5213, which faces the hollow channel 511, is provided with an inclined surface, in order to achieve that the piston 5211 can seal the end of the oblique injection channel 524, which is in communication with the hydraulic chamber 521, at the first preset pressure value; the high-pressure cleaning fluid contacts the inclined surface of the inclined wedge 5213 when passing through the hollow passage 511, so that the inclined wedge 5213 is pushed to move, and when the pressure in the unclamping shell 51 is smaller than a first preset pressure value, the water pressure of the high-pressure cleaning fluid is insufficient to push the inclined wedge 5213 into the hydraulic chamber 521 completely, so that the inclined wedge 5213 is provided with the inclined surface and is positioned in the hollow passage 511; when the pressure in the unclamping housing 51 is greater than the second preset pressure value, the water pressure of the high-pressure cleaning fluid is sufficient to push the inclined wedge 5213 into the hydraulic chamber 521 completely, at this time, the inclined wedge 5213 is accommodated in the hydraulic chamber 521 completely, and the piston 5211 can move to an end far away from the inclined jet channel 524 and communicating with the hydraulic chamber 521, so that the water inlet end of the inclined jet channel 524 is opened, and the inclined jet channel 524 can jet the high-pressure cleaning fluid.

In a specific embodiment, in order to limit the hydraulic oil flowing back from the unclamping chamber 522 to the hydraulic chamber 521, so that the hydraulic oil in the unclamping chamber 522 can maintain a larger pressure, please refer to fig. 9 and 10, a one-way resistance valve 525 is provided, which includes a valve housing 5251, a valve core 5252 and a third spring 5253, the inner chamber of the valve housing 5251 includes a narrowed chamber 52511 with a frustum structure, an inlet 52512 and an outlet 52513 are provided on the valve housing 5251, which are communicated with the narrowed chamber 52511, the valve housing 5251 is cylindrical, the inlet 52512 is located at one axial end of the valve housing 5251 and is connected to the hydraulic chamber 521, the outlet 52513 is radially provided at one end of the valve housing 5251 far from the inlet 52512, the inlet 52512 is close to one end with the smallest diameter of the narrowed chamber 52511, the outlet 52513 is connected to the hydraulic channel 523, the valve core 5252 is matched with the narrowed chamber 52511, the valve core 5252 is in a truncated cone structure, a plurality of gaps 5254 are provided on the outer wall of the valve core 5252, when the inner wall of the valve core 5252 is abutted against the narrowed chamber 52511, the gap 5254 forms a channel for hydraulic oil flow, the gap 5254 is located near one end of the outlet 52513, the outlet is larger than the end of the outlet 52513, and is far from the third spring is located near the end of the outlet 52513, and is far from the outlet 52513.

In this embodiment, when the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber 521 flows into the unclamping chamber 522, the hydraulic oil pushes the third spring 5253 to compress, so that the valve core 5252 moves toward the end with the largest diameter of the narrowing chamber 52511, the valve core 5252 is no longer in abutment with the inner wall of the narrowing chamber 52511, the total cross-sectional area between the valve core 5252 and the narrowing chamber 52511 for the hydraulic oil to flow increases, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber 521 can quickly flow into the unclamping chamber 522; conversely, when the hydraulic oil in the unclamping cavity 522 flows back to the hydraulic cavity 521, the hydraulic oil and the third pressure spring both push the valve core 5252, so that the valve core 5252 is closed, the hydraulic oil can only enter the notch 5254 from one end with a smaller sectional area of the notch 5254, and then enter the inlet 52512 and the hydraulic cavity 521 from one end with a larger sectional area of the notch 5254, thereby reducing the total sectional area for the hydraulic oil to flow and realizing unidirectional flow restriction of the hydraulic oil.

In a specific embodiment, to make the valve core 5252 move linearly smoothly, the unidirectional resistance valve 525 further includes a telescopic guide rod 5255, a fixed end of the telescopic guide rod 5255 is fixedly connected with the valve housing 5251, and a telescopic end of the telescopic guide rod 5255 is connected with the valve core 5252. The telescopic guide rod 5255 is a telescopic rod in the prior art, and comprises a rod and a sleeve, wherein the rod can linearly move in the sleeve, so that the telescopic rod can be telescopic.

In a specific embodiment, in order to prevent impurities such as mud in a drilled hole from entering the oblique injection channel 524, a check valve mechanism 528 is installed in the oblique injection channel 524, referring to fig. 8, the check valve mechanism 528 includes a fixed plate 5281, a fourth spring 5282 and a check valve ball 5283, the fixed plate 5281 is fixedly installed in the oblique injection channel 524, a flare opening 5284 is formed at one end of the oblique injection channel 524 penetrating through the slope 5121, the check valve ball 5283 is clamped in the flare opening 5284, and one end of the fourth spring 5282 is connected with the fixed plate 5281 while the other end is connected with the check valve ball 5283. The fourth spring 5282 provides a pulling force to the check valve ball 5283, so that the check valve ball 5283 is clamped at the narrow opening end of the bell mouth 5284 to close the bell mouth 5284, and thus, impurities such as mud in a drilled hole cannot enter the oblique injection passage 524; when the high-pressure flushing liquid in the hollow passage 511 is introduced into the oblique-jet passage 524, the high-pressure flushing liquid pushes the check valve ball 5283, so that the bell mouth 5284 is opened, and the oblique-jet passage 524 sprays the high-pressure flushing liquid.

In one embodiment, to prevent the check valve ball 5283 from moving out of the flare 5284, a limiting plate 5285 is fixedly mounted on the flare 5284, and when high-pressure flushing liquid is introduced into the hollow passage 511 in the oblique injection passage 524, the high-pressure flushing liquid pushes the check valve ball 5283 to move outside the flare 5284, so that the flare 5284 is opened, and the limiting plate 5285 contacts with the check valve ball 5283 to limit the check valve ball 5283 from moving out of the flare 5284.

In one embodiment, to facilitate installation of the unclamping device 5, two ends of the unclamping housing 51 are provided with a male connector 515 and a female connector 516, respectively. The directional drilling rod 4 and the measurement while drilling probe 3 are provided with connectors matched with the male connector 515 and the female connector 516, and the unlocking device 5 can be conveniently connected with the directional drilling rod 4 and the measurement while drilling probe 3 by arranging the male connector 515 and the female connector 516.

In a specific embodiment, in order to facilitate the hydraulic passage 523 to convey hydraulic oil to the unclamping chamber 522, the unclamping chamber 522 includes a liquid inlet chamber 5224 and a movable chamber 5225, the liquid inlet chamber 5224 is located at one side of the movable chamber 5225 near the center of the unclamping housing 51, the liquid inlet chamber 5224 is communicated with the hydraulic passage 523, the size of the outer sliding sleeve 5221 is larger than that of the liquid inlet chamber 5224, the outer sliding sleeve 5221 moves in the movable chamber 5225, so that the outer sliding sleeve 5221 does not move in the liquid inlet chamber 5224, and the hydraulic passage 523 is not closed, thereby the hydraulic passage 523 can facilitate conveying hydraulic oil to the unclamping chamber 522, and the hydraulic oil can smoothly push the outer sliding sleeve 5221 and the inner sliding sleeve 5222 to move.

In one embodiment, to facilitate the installation of the second spring 5223 and to limit the movement of the outer sliding sleeve 5221 out of the unclamping cavity 522, the outer sliding sleeve 5221 is provided with a first boss portion 52211, the first boss portion 52211 is located on a side of the outer sliding sleeve 5221 near the center of the unclamping housing 51, and the second spring 5223 is connected to the first boss portion 52211; the inner side of one end of the unclamping cavity 522, which is far away from the center of the unclamping shell 51, is provided with a limiting structure which can be abutted with the first boss part 52211 so as to limit the outer sliding sleeve 5221 to move out of the unclamping cavity 522.

In a specific embodiment, to limit the outer sliding movement of the inner sliding block 5222, the inner sliding block 5222 includes a second boss portion 52221, the second boss portion 52221 is located on one side of the inner sliding block 5222 near the center of the unclamping housing 51, the second boss portion 52221 is in sliding sealing connection with the inner wall of the outer sliding block 5221, the outer sliding block 5221 includes a limiting ring portion 52212 located on the inner side thereof, the limiting ring portion 52212 is located on one side of the outer sliding block 5221 away from the center of the unclamping housing 51, and the limiting ring portion 52212 is configured to contact and cooperate with the second boss portion 52221 to limit the second boss portion 52221 from being separated from the outer sliding block 5221.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Claims (10)

1. The directional drilling hole forming drilling tool for broken stratum comprises a directional drill bit (1), a single-bending screw motor (2), a measurement-while-drilling probe (3) and a directional drill rod (4), and is characterized by further comprising a stuck releasing device (5), wherein the directional drill bit (1), the single-bending screw motor (2), the measurement-while-drilling probe (3), the stuck releasing device (5) and the directional drill rod (4) are sequentially connected;

the unlocking device (5) comprises an unlocking shell (51) with a hollow channel (511) and a plurality of unlocking mechanisms (52) circumferentially distributed on the unlocking shell (51), the unlocking shell (51) comprises a step part (512) positioned in the middle and round pipe parts (513) positioned at two sides of the step part (512), the two sides of the step part (512) are sloping surfaces (5121), and a spiral groove structure (514) is arranged on the round pipe parts (513);

the unlocking mechanism (52) comprises a hydraulic cavity (521), an unlocking cavity (522), a hydraulic channel (523) and an oblique injection channel (524) which are arranged in the step part (512), the hydraulic cavity (521) is communicated with the hollow channel (511), a piston (5211) is arranged in the hydraulic cavity (521) in a sliding sealing manner, a first spring (5212) is arranged in the hydraulic cavity (521), the first spring (5212) is connected with the piston (5211), a one-way resistance valve (525) is arranged on one side, far away from the center of the step part (512), of the hydraulic cavity (521), and the one-way resistance valve (525) is communicated with the unlocking cavity (522) through the hydraulic channel (523); an outer sliding sleeve (5221) is arranged in the unclamping cavity (522) in a sliding and sealing manner, an inner sliding block (5222) is arranged in the outer sliding sleeve (5221) in a sliding and sealing manner, reaming cutting teeth (526) are arranged at one end of the outer side of the inner sliding block (5222), a second spring (5223) is arranged in the unclamping cavity (522), and the second spring (5223) is connected with the outer sliding sleeve (5221); one end of the oblique injection channel (524) is communicated with the hydraulic cavity (521), and the other end of the oblique injection channel penetrates through the slope (5121); the slope (5121) is provided with crushing cutting teeth (527);

when the pressure in the unclamping shell (51) is smaller than a first preset pressure value, the piston (5211) seals one end of the oblique injection channel (524) communicated with the hydraulic cavity (521), and the rotation radius of the reaming cutting teeth (526) is smaller than that of the pilot bit (1); when the pressure in the unclamping shell (51) is larger than a second preset pressure value, the piston (5211) opens one end of the oblique injection channel (524) communicated with the hydraulic cavity (521), and the rotation radius of the reaming cutting teeth (526) is larger than that of the pilot bit (1); the second preset pressure value is greater than the first preset pressure value.

2. The broken formation directional drilling pore-forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the piston (5211) near the center of the step (512) is provided with a wedge (5213) which can extend to the hollow passage (511); when the pressure in the unclamping shell (51) is smaller than a first preset pressure value, the part of the inclined wedge block (5213) with the inclined surface is positioned in the hollow channel (511); when the pressure in the unclamping shell (51) is larger than a second preset pressure value, the inclined wedge (5213) is completely contained in the hydraulic cavity (521).

3. The directional drilling hole forming device for crushed strata according to claim 1, wherein the unidirectional resistance valve (525) comprises a valve housing (5251), a valve core (5252) and a third spring (5253), the inner cavity of the valve housing (5251) comprises a narrowing cavity (52511) with a frustum structure, an inlet (52512) and an outlet (52513) which are communicated with the narrowing cavity (52511) are arranged on the valve housing (5251), the inlet (52512) is close to one end with the smallest diameter of the narrowing cavity (52511), the outlet (52513) is connected with a hydraulic channel (523), the valve core (5252) is matched with the narrowing cavity (52511), a plurality of gaps (5254) are formed in the outer wall of the valve core (5252), the cross-sectional area of one end, close to the outlet (52513), of the gap (5254) is larger than the cross-sectional area of one end, far away from the outlet (52513), of the third spring (5253) is arranged in the inner cavity of the valve housing (5251), and one end, far away from the outlet (52513), of the valve core (5252) is connected with the third spring (5253).

4. A broken formation directional drilling hole forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the one-way resistance valve (525) further comprises a telescopic guide rod (5255), a fixed end of the telescopic guide rod (5255) is fixedly connected with the valve housing (5251), and a telescopic end of the telescopic guide rod (5255) is connected with the valve core (5252).

5. The directional drilling hole forming device for the crushed stratum according to claim 1, wherein a one-way valve mechanism (528) is installed in the oblique injection passage (524), the one-way valve mechanism (528) comprises a fixed plate (5281), a fourth spring (5282) and a one-way valve ball (5283), the fixed plate (5281) is fixedly installed in the oblique injection passage (524), a horn mouth (5284) is arranged at one end of the oblique injection passage (524) penetrating through the slope (5121), the one-way valve ball (5283) is clamped in the horn mouth (5284), and one end of the fourth spring (5282) is connected with the fixed plate (5281) while the other end is connected with the one-way valve ball (5283).

6. The broken formation directional drilling pore-forming device according to claim 5, wherein a limiting plate (5285) is fixedly mounted on the bell mouth (5284), and the limiting plate (5285) is used for being in contact fit with the check valve ball (5283) so as to limit the check valve ball (5283) from moving out of the bell mouth (5284).

7. The broken formation directional drilling pore-forming device according to claim 1, wherein the two ends of the unclamping shell (51) are respectively provided with a male connector (515) and a female connector (516).

8. The broken formation directional drilling pore-forming device according to claim 1, wherein the unclamping cavity (522) comprises a liquid inlet cavity (5224) and a movable cavity (5225), the liquid inlet cavity (5224) is located on one side of the movable cavity (5225) close to the center of the unclamping shell (51), the liquid inlet cavity (5224) is communicated with the hydraulic channel (523), the size of the outer sliding sleeve (5221) is larger than that of the liquid inlet cavity (5224), and the outer sliding sleeve (5221) moves in the movable cavity (5225).

9. The broken formation directional drilling hole forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the outer slide bush (5221) includes a first boss portion (52211), the first boss portion (52211) is located at a side of the outer slide bush (5221) near a center of the unclamping housing (51), and the second spring (5223) is connected to the first boss portion (52211).

10. The broken formation directional drilling hole forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inner slide (5222) includes a second boss portion (52221), the second boss portion (52221) is located at a side of the inner slide (5222) close to a center of the unclamping housing (51), the second boss portion (52221) is slidably and sealingly connected to an inner wall of the outer slide bush (5221), the outer slide bush (5221) includes a retainer ring portion (52212) located at an inner side thereof, the retainer ring portion (52212) is located at a side of the outer slide bush (5221) away from the center of the unclamping housing (51), and the retainer ring portion (52212) is adapted to contact and cooperate with the second boss portion (52221) to restrict the second boss portion (52221) from being separated from the outer slide bush (5221).