CN1174799C - 三相化学反应器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种在三相系统(液体、气体、固体)中进行化学反应的反应器,包括:i)一个底部塔头,通过入口喷嘴向其中输入反应气体;ii)一个或多个重叠换热段,其中每一换热段都浸没在相应的合成段中;iii)一个塔头,包括一排出产生的悬浮液的出口喷嘴,和一个排出未反应气体的出口喷嘴,以及一组横向倾斜的隔膜以分离吸入的液体和/或固体颗粒。
Description
本发明涉及一种在三相系统(液体、气体、固体)进行化学反应的反应器。
具体地说,本发明涉及在三相系统中进行化学反应的反应器,其中气相在含有固体的液体悬浮液中鼓泡。
更具体地说,本发明涉及一种费-托(Fisher Tropsch)合成反应器,该合成在150-360℃的温度和5-50巴的压力下进行。
众所周知,在费托反应中,气相是氢和一氧化碳的混合物,H2/CO摩尔比率为1-3,分散液相是反应产物,即具有高碳原子量的直链烃,固相是催化剂。
费托反应是放热反应(35-40 Kcal/mol),除合成反应器外还必须具有换热器以将温度控制在操作极限内,从而防止可能的局部“热点”损害催化剂和产物质量。
本申请人已发现了一种费托合成反应器,其中利用一个或多个重叠的换热段有效地控制温度,其中每一换热段都浸没在相应的合成段中。
本发明涉及三相(液体、气体、固体)化学反应器,包括:
i)一个底部塔头1,通过入口喷嘴a向其中输入反应气体Al;
ii)一段,包括:
ii1)通过法兰与底部塔头1连接的多孔板2,向分布器7输送气体的管3固定在其孔中;
ii2)通过法兰固定到多孔板2上的圆柱形壳4,该壳具有一个或多个向管束6的管内输送冷却流体B1的入口喷嘴b;
ii3)通过法兰与壳4连接的多孔板5,向分布器输送气体的管3从下部固定在其孔中,管束6的管以及分布器本身7从上部固定在其孔中;
ii4)通过法兰与板5连接的圆柱形壳8,其高度与管束6的高度基本相等,在其下部有一个或多个位置对称的用于输入生成的液体和催化剂的循环悬浮液G1的入口喷嘴c;
ii5)通过法兰与壳8连接的多孔板9,在多孔板上有一组对称设置的周边槽口(slots)11用于使悬浮液和未反应气体通过,管束6的管从下部固定在其孔中,用于传送未反应气体和悬浮液的导管10从上部固定在其孔中;
ii6)通过法兰与板9连接的双层壁圆柱形壳12,在其内壁上设置一个或多个供料喷嘴d以排出冷却流体B2,双层壁之间的环形室13对应于板9上的那组周边槽口11;
ii7)通过法兰与双层壁壳12连接的多孔板14,板上有一组对称设置的并与环形室13重合的周边槽口(slots)15用于使悬浮液和未反应气体通过,导管10固定在其孔中;
iii)通过法兰固定在板14上的塔头16,包括一出口喷嘴e以排出生成的悬浮液G2,和一个出口喷嘴f以排出未反应气体A2,此外,还有一组横向倾斜的隔膜17以分离吸入的液体和/或固体颗粒。
附图说明:
图1是反应器底部剖示图。
图2是反应器顶部剖示图。
图3和图4是包括两个垂直叠合设置的换热段的反应器示意图。
按照本发明,反应器包括至少一个如图1和2所示的换热段ii3+ii4+ii5,然而,可以在垂直叠合设置的2-6个换热段下操作。
图3和4是包括两个垂直叠合设置的换热段的反应器的详图。
参看图1、2、3和4,本发明的反应器包括底部塔头1,反应气体通过入口喷嘴a输入其中;多孔板2;向分布器7输送气体的的管3;圆柱形壳4;多孔板5;管束6的管;圆柱形壳8和多孔板9,多孔板9上设置有周边槽口11,管束6的管和用于使未反应气体和悬浮液通过的导管10固定在其孔中。
按照本发明的一种变化,包括两个换热段的反应器,图3和4,一个双层壁圆柱形壳12通过法兰联接固定到板9上,其内部空间由多孔隔膜13′分成两个基本相等的体积,导管10穿过多孔隔膜13′,导管10的长度基本上等于圆柱形壳12的高度,圆柱形壳12′用于将未反应气体和悬浮液传送到环形室15′。壳12′在隔膜13′下方的下部体积通过与一个或多个喷嘴d′与外面连通,通过喷嘴d′排出反应区/换热段8的冷却流体B2。壳12′在隔膜13′上方的上部体积通过与一个或多个喷嘴e′与外面连通,通过喷嘴e′向壳12′上方的反应区/换热段输入冷却流体B1。
多孔板16′与双层壁壳12′通过法兰连接,多孔板上配置有对称的与环形室14′重合的周边槽口18,管束17′的管和分布器7′从上部固定在其孔中。
本发明的具有两个换热段的反应器包括高度等于管束17′的圆柱形壳19,以及如下单元:
-通过法兰固定到壳19上的多孔板20,多孔板上设置有对称的周边槽口21,管束17′的管从下部固定在其孔中,用于未反应气体和悬浮液通过的导管22从上部固定在其孔中;
-通过法兰固定到板20上的双层壁壳23,其中环形室24与板20上的槽口21重合,所述圆柱形壳23的内壁上具有一个或多个供料喷嘴f′,用于排出冷却流体B2′;
-通过法兰与双层壁壳23连接的多孔板25,多孔板上配置有与环形室24重合的对称周边槽口26,导管22固定在其孔中。
本发明的包括两个换热段的反应器以塔头16结束,它通过法兰固定到板25上,包括一出口喷嘴e以排出产生的悬浮液G2,和一个出口喷嘴f以排出未反应气体A2,此外,还有一组横向倾斜的隔膜17以分离吸入的液体和/或固体颗粒。
Claims (4)
1、一种在气液固三相系统中进行化学反应的反应器,包括;
i)一个底部塔头,通过入口喷嘴(a)向其中输入反应气体(A1);
ii)一段,包括:
ii1)通过法兰与底部塔头(1)连接的多孔板(2),向分布器(7)输送气体的管(3)固定在其孔中;
ii2)通过法兰固定到多孔板(2)上的圆柱形壳(4),该壳具有一个或多个向管束(6)的管内输送冷却流体(B1)的入口喷嘴(b);
ii3)通过法兰与壳(4)连接的多孔板(5),向分布器输送气体的管(3)从下部固定在其孔中,管束(6)的管以及分布器本身(7)从上部固定在其孔中;
ii4)通过法兰与板(5)连接的圆柱形壳(8),其高度与管束(6)的高度基本相等,在其下部有一个或多个位置对称的用于输入生成的液体和催化剂的循环悬浮液(G1)的入口喷嘴(c);
ii5)通过法兰与壳(8)连接的多孔板(9),在多孔板上有一组对称设置的周边槽口(slots)(11)用于使悬浮液和未反应气体通过,管束(6)的管从下部固定在其孔中,用于传送未反应气体和悬浮液的导管(10)从上部固定在其孔中;
ii6)通过法兰与板(9)连接的双层壁圆柱形壳(12),在其内壁上设置一个或多个供料喷嘴(d)以排出冷却流体(B2),双层壁之间的环形室(13)对应于板(9)上的那组周边槽口(11);
ii7)通过法兰与双层壁壳(12)连接的多孔板(14),板上有一组对称设置的并与环形室(13)重合的周边槽口(slots)(15)用于使悬浮液和未反应气体通过,导管(10)固定在其孔中;
iii)通过法兰固定在板(14)上的塔头(16),包括一出口喷嘴(e)以排出产生的悬浮液(G2),和一个出口喷嘴(f)以排出未反应气体(A2),此外,还有一组横向倾斜的隔膜(17)以分离吸入的液体和/或固体颗粒。
2、权利要求1的反应器,包括一个或多个换热段(ii3)、(ii4)和(ii5)。
3、权利要求1或2的反应器,包括两个换热段。
4、一种在气液固三相系统中进行化学反应的反应器,包括:
i)一个底部塔头,通过入口喷嘴(a)向其中输入反应气体(A1);
ii)一段,包括:
ii1)通过法兰与底部塔头(1)连接的多孔板(2),向分布器(7)输送气体的管(3)固定在其孔中;
ii2)通过法兰固定到多孔板(2)上的圆柱形壳(4),该壳具有一个或多个向管束(6)的管内输送冷却流体(B1)的入口喷嘴(b);
ii3)通过法兰与壳(4)连接的多孔板(5),向分布器输送气体的管(3)从下部固定在其孔中,管束(6)的管以及分布器本身(7)从上部固定在其孔中;
ii4)通过法兰与板(5)连接的圆柱形壳(8),其高度与管束(6)的高度基本相等,在其下部有一个或多个位置对称的用于输入生成的液体和催化剂的循环悬浮液(G1)的入口喷嘴(c);
ii5)通过法兰与壳(8)连接的多孔板(9),在多孔板上有一组对称设置的周边槽口(slots)(11)用于使悬浮液和未反应气体通过,管束(6)的管从下部固定在其孔中,用于传送未反应气体和悬浮液的导管(10)从上部固定在其孔中;
一个双层壁圆柱形壳(12′),通过法兰联接固定到板(9)上,其内部空间由多孔隔膜(13′)分成两基本相等的体积,导管(10)穿过多孔隔膜(13′),导管(10)的长度基本上等于圆柱形壳(12′)的高度,圆柱形壳(12′)用于将未反应气体和悬浮液传送到环形室(15′),壳(12′)在隔膜(13′)下方的下部体积通过与一个或多个喷嘴(d′)与外面连通,通过喷嘴(d′)排出反应区/换热段(8)的冷却流体(B2),壳(12′)在隔膜(13′)上方的上部体积通过与一个或多个喷嘴(e′)与外面连通,通过喷嘴(e′)向壳(12′)上方的反应区/换热段输入冷却流体(B1);
多孔板(16′)与双层壁壳(12′)通过法兰连接,多孔板上配置有对称的与环形室(14′)重合的周边槽口(18),管束(17′)的管和分布器(7′)从上部固定在其孔中;
高度等于管束(17′)的高度的圆柱形壳(19),以及如下单元:
-通过法兰固定到壳(19)上的多孔板(20),多孔板上设置有对称的周边槽口(21),管束(17′)的管从下部固定在其孔中,用于未反应气体和悬浮液通过的导管(22)从上部固定在其孔中;
-通过法兰固定到板(20)上的双层壁壳(23),其中环形室(24)与板(20)上的槽口(21)重合,所述圆柱形壳(23)的内壁上具有一个或多个供料喷嘴(f′),用于排出冷却流体(B2′);
-通过法兰与双层壁壳(23)连接的多孔板(25),多孔板上配置有与环形室(24)重合的对称周边槽口(26),导管(22)固定在其孔中;
通过法兰固定在板(25)上的塔头(16),包括一出口喷嘴(e)以排出产生的悬浮液(G2),和一个出口喷嘴(f)以排出未反应气体(A2),此外,还有一组横向倾斜的隔膜(17)以分离吸入的液体和/或固体颗粒。
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IT002315A/97 | 1997-10-14 | ||
IT002315A/1997 | 1997-10-14 | ||
IT97MI002315A IT1295324B1 (it) | 1997-10-14 | 1997-10-14 | Reattore per reazioni chimiche che si realizzano in sistemi trifasici |
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CN1220910A CN1220910A (zh) | 1999-06-30 |
CN1174799C true CN1174799C (zh) | 2004-11-10 |
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US (1) | US6132690A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0909581B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3065587B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1174799C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2248067C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69805383T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2176903T3 (zh) |
ID (1) | ID22170A (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1295324B1 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY118594A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO315934B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2153928C2 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA989392B (zh) |
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FR2807505B1 (fr) * | 2000-04-07 | 2002-06-14 | Air Liquide | Distributeur liquide-gaz pour colonne d'echange de matiere et/ou de chaleur, et colonne utilisant un tel distributeur |
CN1292827C (zh) * | 2004-01-12 | 2007-01-03 | 石油大学(北京) | 一种气体液体固体复合反应器设备 |
CN100457253C (zh) * | 2006-01-25 | 2009-02-04 | 上海兖矿能源科技研发有限公司 | 用于费托合成的流化床反应器 |
ITMI20062466A1 (it) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-06-22 | Eni Spa | Reattore modulare per reazioni chimiche esotermiche-endotermiche |
KR100873574B1 (ko) | 2007-04-19 | 2008-12-12 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 유동층 반응기 |
CN101804317B (zh) | 2010-04-02 | 2012-10-17 | 南京大学 | 一种多相催化塔式碰撞流反应器 |
CN103464069B (zh) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种实现气液固三相分离的气体水合物反应器及方法 |
US9850184B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2017-12-26 | National University Of Singapore | Triphasic flow millireactors |
CN109985571B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-08-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种具有减冲组件的加氢反应器 |
US10363535B1 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2019-07-30 | Shanghai Yankuang Energy R&D Co., Ltd. | Gas-liquid-solid three-phase slurry bed industrial reactor capable of achieving continuous operation |
RU200509U1 (ru) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-10-28 | Акционерное общество "БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ" (АО "БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ") | Аппарат для проведения реакций во взвешенном слое в системе газ-жидкость-твердое вещество |
CN112844295B (zh) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-12-02 | 黄河科技学院 | 一种生物化学实验用多功能反应装置 |
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US2658728A (en) * | 1948-06-25 | 1953-11-10 | Lummus Co | Method of detecting leakage between heat transfer fluids |
FR1059566A (fr) * | 1951-07-11 | 1954-03-25 | Mannesmann Ag | Four de synthèse pour l'hydrogénation catalytique de l'oxyde de carbone |
GB768836A (en) * | 1953-08-26 | 1957-02-20 | Stone & Webster Eng Corp | Method and apparatus for the treatment of gaseous reactants with fluidized catalysts |
NL170888C (nl) * | 1973-11-30 | 1983-01-03 | Ir Gustav Adolf Pieper | Warmtewisselaar. |
JPS5464074A (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1979-05-23 | Ght Hochtemperaturreak Tech | Fluidized bed type gas generator |
US4426958A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1984-01-24 | Curtiss-Wright Corporation | Fluidized bed combustor and coal gun-tube assembly therefor |
NL8102024A (nl) * | 1981-04-24 | 1982-11-16 | Esmil Bv | Warmtewisselaar voor vloeistof - vloeistof warmtewisseling. |
GB9301723D0 (en) * | 1993-01-28 | 1993-03-17 | Norske Stats Oljeselskap | Solid/liquid treatment apparatus and catalytic multi-phase reactor |
US5445799A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1995-08-29 | Mccants; Malcolm T. | Apparatus and method for thermocracking a fluid |
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1997
- 1997-10-14 IT IT97MI002315A patent/IT1295324B1/it active IP Right Grant
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1998
- 1998-10-12 EP EP98203428A patent/EP0909581B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-12 ES ES98203428T patent/ES2176903T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1998-10-13 NO NO19984774A patent/NO315934B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
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RU2153928C2 (ru) | 2000-08-10 |
NO315934B1 (no) | 2003-11-17 |
DE69805383T2 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
ITMI972315A1 (it) | 1999-04-14 |
DE69805383D1 (de) | 2002-06-20 |
ZA989392B (en) | 1999-04-15 |
EP0909581A1 (en) | 1999-04-21 |
JP3065587B2 (ja) | 2000-07-17 |
CA2248067C (en) | 2002-12-24 |
NO984774L (no) | 1999-04-15 |
ES2176903T3 (es) | 2002-12-01 |
US6132690A (en) | 2000-10-17 |
ID22170A (id) | 1999-09-09 |
CA2248067A1 (en) | 1999-04-14 |
NO984774D0 (no) | 1998-10-13 |
IT1295324B1 (it) | 1999-05-04 |
EP0909581B1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
MY118594A (en) | 2004-12-31 |
JPH11192426A (ja) | 1999-07-21 |
CN1220910A (zh) | 1999-06-30 |
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