CN117462487A - 一种罗氟司特油凝胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种罗氟司特油凝胶及其制备方法,属于医药技术领域。本发明利用直接凝胶化法,以氢化蓖麻油为胶凝剂,荷荷巴油为油相基质,聚氧丙烯‑15‑硬脂醇醚为溶剂,二乙二醇单乙醚为增溶剂,制备了罗氟司特油凝胶。本发明工艺简单且重现性好,制剂稳定性好,生产成本低,有利于工业化生产。同时,本发明所制备的油凝胶,具有低黏度,良好的经皮透过和滞留特性等的特点,具有临床开发前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及一种罗氟司特油凝胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
磷酸二酯酶4抑制剂(PDE-4)通过竞争性阻断磷酸二酯酶4对cAMP的降解作用,使T辅助细胞1(Th1)、Th2和Th17的免疫反应减弱来发挥治疗银屑病的作用。非选择性PDE抑制剂的己酮可可碱和茶碱对银屑病的治疗没有显著优势。除银屑病外,选择性PDE-4抑制剂在治疗其他多种皮肤炎症的研究已经展开,包括皮肤结节病、盘状红斑狼疮、硬皮病、白塞病和特应性皮炎等。目前上市的PED-4抑制剂有阿普斯特、克立硼罗和罗氟司特等,主要用于银屑病和皮炎的治疗。根据抑制剂对PDE-4分子亲和力的IC50值,罗氟司特的效力大约是阿普斯特或克立硼罗的25~300倍,因此急需研制一种罗氟司特外用制剂用于银屑病的治疗。
人体皮肤主要由表皮、真皮和皮下组织三部分组成,以及汗腺、皮脂腺、毛囊等附属器。角质层是药物透皮吸收的主要阻碍,位于表皮结构,具有高密度和低含水量,可以阻碍药物渗透并限制药物的生物利用度。油凝胶是一种由大量油相基质和胶凝剂制备而成的局部给药制剂,局部给药后在皮肤上形成具有保护作用的透明保护薄膜,促进水难溶性药物的释放和透皮吸收,改善与皮肤黏膜的黏附性,具有良好生物相容性和稳定性,能延长药物滞留时间,且易被机体代谢。
发明内容
银屑病临床典型的皮损表现为鳞屑性红斑或斑块,这使得药物很难透过患病表面发挥作用。为了解决上述问题,本发明提供一种罗氟司特油凝胶及其制备方法,具有较高的皮肤滞留量,且制备工艺简单,稳定性好。本发明中,以荷荷巴油为油相基质,氢化蓖麻油为胶凝剂,聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚为药物溶剂,二乙二醇单乙醚(Transcutol P)为增溶剂,利用高速剪切均质法成功制备罗氟司特油凝胶。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取以下技术方案:
一种罗氟司特油凝胶,其处方组成包括罗氟司特、油相基质、溶剂、增溶剂、胶凝剂;所述罗氟司特油凝胶的黏度为0.300~0.580Pa.s。
所述罗氟司特为亲脂性的药物,含量占制剂总重量的0.15%~0.3%,优选为0.3%;
所述油相基质选自液体石蜡、中链甘油三酯、荷荷巴油、葡萄籽油、角鲨烷、玉米胚芽油、鳄梨油中的一种或几种组合物,优选液体石蜡、中链甘油三酯、荷荷巴油、葡萄籽油中的一种或几种组合物;进一步优选为荷荷巴油;
所述油相基质加入量占制剂总量的68~78%,优选为76%;
所述溶剂为聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚、中链甘油三酯、丙二醇、碳酸丙烯酯、丙二醇辛酸酯中的一种或几种组合物;优选为中链甘油三酯、聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚、丙二醇辛酸酯、辛酸癸酸聚乙二醇甘油酯中的一种或几种组合物;进一步优选为聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚;
所述溶剂加入量占制剂总量的9.8~20%,优选为16%;
所述增溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二乙二醇单乙醚、PEG400、丙二醇,优选为二乙二醇单乙醚、辛酸癸酸聚乙二醇甘油酯中的一种或几种组合物,进一步优选为二乙二醇单乙醚,其加入量占制剂总量的4.9~19.6%,优选为6%;
所述胶凝剂为氢化蓖麻油、谷甾醇、谷维素中的一种或几种组合物,优选为氢化蓖麻油;其用量占制剂总量的0.5%~2%,优选为2%。
所述罗氟司特油凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:称取胶凝剂于油相基质中,加热至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至胶凝点;
步骤2:称取罗氟司特溶解于溶剂和增溶剂中;
步骤3:将罗氟司特溶液加入到凝胶中,均质后,搅拌至室温。
所述罗氟司特油凝胶的制备方法中,采用直接凝胶化法,即将胶凝剂溶解在油相基质中,通过高速剪切均质机施加外力形成油凝胶;
所述步骤1中,油相基质与胶凝剂之间的比例以质量比计为胶凝剂:油相基质=(0.5~2):(68~78),加热温度为90℃,搅拌转速为50~100rpm,优选为70rpm;
所述步骤2中,溶剂与增溶剂的比例以质量比计为罗氟司特:溶剂:增溶剂=(0.15~0.3):(9~16):(4.9~19.6),30~50℃加热溶解;
所述步骤3中,均质过程中,均质速度为8000~10000rpm,优选为10000rpm;均质时间为0.5~3min,优选为2min;
搅拌速度为100~200rpm,优选为150rpm,搅拌时间为5~10min。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点:
1.本发明以植物精油荷荷巴油为油相基质,刺激性小,且辅料易得。直接凝胶化法即可制备,制备工艺简单,大大降低制剂的生成成本,适用于工业化生产;
2.本发明制备的油凝胶与自制乳膏相比,药物皮肤滞留量显著增加,有利于药物滞留在皮肤中发挥药效;
3.本发明制备的油凝胶具有较高的稳定性,不需特殊处理保存。
附图说明
图1自制油凝胶与乳膏皮肤透过与滞留情况;A:药物经皮透过情况,B:药物皮肤滞留情况
具体实施例
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,具体如下:
实施例1
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在78g中链甘油三酯中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至60℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于15g聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚和5g二乙二醇单乙醚中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#1。
实施例2
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在78g液体石蜡中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至60℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于15g中链甘油三酯和5g二乙二醇单乙醚中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#2。
实施例3
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在78g中链甘油三酯中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至60℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于15g聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚和5g丙二醇辛酸酯中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#3。
实施例4
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在68.6g液体石蜡中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至60℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于14.7g聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚和14.7g二乙二醇单乙醚中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#4。
实施例5
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在78g荷荷巴油中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至30~40℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于15g聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚和5g二乙二醇单乙醚中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#5。
实施例6
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在78g荷荷巴油中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至30~40℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于15g丙二醇辛酸酯和5g二乙二醇单乙醚中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#6。
实施例7
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在78g荷荷巴油中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至30~40℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于15g中链甘油三酯和5g二乙二醇单乙醚中中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#7。
实施例8
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在68.6g荷荷巴油中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至30~40℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于14.7g聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚和14.7g二乙二醇单乙醚中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#8。
实施例9
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在73g液体石蜡中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至60℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于15g聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚和10g辛酸癸酸聚乙二醇甘油酯中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#9。
实施例10
称取氢化蓖麻油2g,将其分散在73g液体石蜡中,加热溶解至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至60℃,凝胶初步形成。精密称取罗氟司特300mg,溶解于15g中链甘油三酯和10g辛酸癸酸聚乙二醇甘油酯中,加入凝胶中,采用高速剪切均质机,以10000rpm的速度均质2min,150rpm的速度下搅拌降温至室温,得制剂#10。
参考例1
乳膏处方
表1.罗氟司特乳膏处方
油凝胶黏度的测定:
取样品适量,加至TA AR2000ex流变仪帕尔贴板上,采用40mm 2°锥板,在20±0.3℃条件下,选择Continumous ramp模式,Shear rate(1/s)设为From 0to 200。Duration设为30s,Mode设为linear,Set Point设为200,操作仪器,记录曲线中剪切速率达到100s-1时的样品黏度值。自制油凝胶与乳膏黏度测量结果如表2:
表2油凝胶与乳膏黏度测量结果
表3不同体系油凝胶黏度
药物经皮透过与滞留的测定:
将购回的新鲜带毛猪耳朵进行脱毛处理后,分离耳背皮肤,小心去除皮下脂肪组织,用生理盐水清洗皮肤,无尘纸吸干皮肤表面水分后用铝箔包好置于-80℃冰箱保存备用。采用实验室自制改良的Franz立式扩散装置考察罗氟司特油凝胶的经皮透过情况,该装置的接收池体积6.6mL,有效扩散面积为2.63cm2。取处理好的皮肤,固定于Franz扩散池的供给池与接收池之间,皮肤角质层面向供给池,真皮层面向接收池。分别取各组制剂(0.5g)均匀涂布于皮肤上,用封口膜封好供给池口。向接收池中加入6.6mL预热的接收介质,确保真皮层一侧与接收介质完全接触无气泡。将扩散池置于智能透皮扩散仪中,透皮扩散仪的温度设置为32±0.5℃,转速设置为350r·min-1。分别于1、2、4、6、8h取样1mL置1.5mL EP管中,同时补加等体积等温度的空白接收介质。样品经处理后进行HPLC分析,以下式计算药物单位面积累积透过量Qn(μg·cm-2)计算
式中V为接收池中溶液体积(mL),V为取样体积(mL),Cn为第n次测得的药物浓度(μg·mL-1),Ci为第n次前每次测得的药物浓度(μg·mL-1),S为有效渗透面积(cm2)。精密称取猪皮0.2g剪碎后加入到10mL离心管中,加入1mL内标溶液,精密移取3mL甲醇于离心管中,涡旋5min,超声20min萃取皮肤中罗氟司特。
油凝胶与乳膏经皮透过与滞留实验
称取0.5g实施例8所制备的制剂#8油凝胶与乳膏按照透皮实验方法进行药物经皮透过与滞留实验研究,实验结果如图1,其中,图A为制剂经皮透过量,图B为药物皮肤滞留量。实验结果表明,罗氟司特油凝胶与乳膏相比,其渗透量少,滞留量高。
实验结果表明,罗氟司特油凝胶与乳膏剂相比,油凝胶具有良好的皮肤滞留能力,其皮肤滞留量约为乳膏的2倍,且油凝胶的黏度较低。因此油凝胶与乳膏相比,在局部给药系统中具有低黏度高滞留优势,是银屑病患者的福音。
Claims (10)
1.一种罗氟司特油凝胶,其特征在于,由罗氟司特、胶凝剂、油相基质、溶剂、增溶剂组成;
所述罗氟司特为亲脂性的药物,含量占制剂总重量的0.15%~0.3%;
所述胶凝剂为氢化蓖麻油、谷甾醇、谷维素中的一种或几种组合物,含量占制剂总重量的0.5%~2%;
所述油相基质选自液体石蜡、中链甘油三酯、荷荷巴油、葡萄籽油、角鲨烷、玉米胚芽油、鳄梨油中的一种或几种组合物,含量占制剂总重量的68%~78%;
所述溶剂为聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚、中链甘油三酯、丙二醇、碳酸丙烯酯、丙二醇辛酸酯中的一种或几种组合物,含量占制剂总重量的9%~20%;
所述增溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二乙二醇单乙醚、PEG400、丙二醇,优选为二乙二醇单乙醚、辛酸癸酸聚乙二醇甘油酯中的一种或几种组合物,含量占制剂总量的4.9%~19.6%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种罗氟司特油凝胶,其特征在于,所述罗氟司特,含量为0.3%;
所述胶凝剂为氢化蓖麻油,含量为2%;
所述油相基质为液体石蜡、中链甘油三酯、荷荷巴油、葡萄籽油中的一种或几种组合物,含量为76%;
所述溶剂为中链甘油三酯、聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚、丙二醇辛酸酯、辛酸癸酸聚乙二醇甘油酯中的一种或几种组合物,含量为16%;
所述增溶剂为二乙二醇单乙醚,含量为6%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种罗氟司特油凝胶,其特征在于,
所述油相基质为荷荷巴油;
所述溶剂为聚氧丙烯-15-硬脂醇醚,含量为16%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种罗氟司特油凝胶,其特征在于,采用直接凝胶化法制备油凝胶,其黏度为0.300~0.580Pa.s。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种罗氟司特油凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:称取胶凝剂于油相基质中,加热至形成澄清透明溶液,搅拌降温至胶凝点;
步骤2:称取罗氟司特溶解于溶剂和增溶剂中;
步骤3:将罗氟司特溶液加入到凝胶中,均质后,搅拌至室温;
所述罗氟司特油凝胶的制备方法中,采用直接凝胶化法,即将胶凝剂溶解在油相基质中,通过高速剪切均质机施加外力形成油凝胶。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种罗氟司特的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中,胶凝剂与油相基质之间的比例以质量比计为胶凝剂:油相基质=(0.5~2):(68~78),加热温度为90℃,搅拌转速为50~100rpm。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种罗氟司特油凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中,搅拌转速为70rpm。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种罗氟司特油凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中,罗氟司特与溶剂、增溶剂的比例以质量比计为罗氟司特:溶剂:增溶剂=(0.15~0.3):(9~16):(4.9~19.6)。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种罗氟司特油凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中,均质机为高速剪切均质机,均质速度为8000~10000rpm,均质时间为2~5min,搅拌速度为100~200rpm,搅拌时间为5~10min。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种罗氟司特油凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中,均质速度为10000rpm,均质时间为2min,搅拌速度为150rpm。
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