CN117396196A - 局部萘普生制剂及其用途 - Google Patents
局部萘普生制剂及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117396196A CN117396196A CN202280033250.8A CN202280033250A CN117396196A CN 117396196 A CN117396196 A CN 117396196A CN 202280033250 A CN202280033250 A CN 202280033250A CN 117396196 A CN117396196 A CN 117396196A
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- Prior art keywords
- formulation
- topical
- naproxen
- ethanol
- formulation comprises
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Classifications
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- A61K31/167—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide having the nitrogen of a carboxamide group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. lidocaine, paracetamol
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Abstract
局部萘普生制剂,所述局部萘普生制剂包含长链单不饱和脂肪酸、长链单不饱和脂肪醇、萜烯或其组合以及包含乙醇、丙二醇、2‑(2‑乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇和任选的二甲基亚砜(“DMSO”)的溶剂混合物,其中所述制剂包含约5.0wt%或更少的水并且优选地是无水的。
Description
本申请要求2021年5月5日提交的美国临时申请号63/184,631的权益,从所述临时申请要求优先权,并以引用的方式将其整体并入本文,包括所有表格、附图和权利要求书。
发明背景
以下对本公开背景的论述仅仅是为了帮助读者理解本公开而提供的,并且不被认为是描述或构成本公开的现有技术。
环氧合酶(COX,也称为前列腺素内过氧化物合酶)是指负责从花生四烯酸形成前列腺素类(prostanoid),包括血栓素和前列腺素,如前列环素的酶家族。由于前列腺素类是疼痛和炎症的介质,所以COX代表了常见的药物靶点。抑制前列腺素G/H合酶的剂(环氧合酶或COX)被称为COX抑制剂,前列腺素G/H合酶是一种催化从花生四烯酸产生前列腺素类(包括前列腺素、前列环素和血栓素)的酶。常见的非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID)如阿司匹林和布洛芬通过抑制酶COX-1和COX-2发挥其作用,而NSAID如塞来昔布和依托昔布对COX-2同工酶具有特异性。对乙酰氨基酚虽然不被视为NSAID,因为它只有轻微的抗炎活性,但它通过阻断COX-2来治疗疼痛,同时还抑制内源性大麻素的再摄取。
在局部制剂中使用COX抑制剂可能有益于降低患者经历与全身疗法相关的不良作用的可能性。直接施加至皮肤的药物可能用于局部作用或全身作用。局部施加的药物(例如,局部贴剂、乳膏、凝胶、软膏、溶液等)可旨在到达局部组织以实现所需的治疗效果,或者可透皮作用以产生与口服施用的药物相当的全身浓度。
在美国,有几种局部NSAID产品被批准用于治疗疼痛疾患。双氯芬酸钠1%凝胶(扶他林凝胶)被批准用于缓解适合于局部治疗的关节(如膝和手部的关节)的骨关节炎引起的疼痛。此产品在媒介物中含有多种额外成分,包括异丙醇、丙二醇和水,以帮助药物渗透皮肤。双氯芬酸钠局部溶液1.5%w/w(PENNSAID)适用于治疗膝骨关节炎的体征和症状。此产品中的额外吸收增强成分包括DMSO、丙二醇、水和醇。双氯芬酸依泊胺1.3%局部贴剂(Flector贴剂)适用于局部治疗轻微拉伤、扭伤和挫伤引起的急性疼痛。贴剂由含有1.3%双氯芬酸依泊胺的粘合剂材料组成,施加至无纺聚酯毡背衬上,并覆盖有聚丙烯薄膜防粘衬里,在施加前将其除去。
有证据表明,局部制剂可在局部组织中达到治疗浓度,同时保持低血清药物水平,并且潜在避免全身毒性。据报道,局部双氯芬酸制剂的最大血清浓度为使用口服双氯芬酸达到的最大血清浓度的0.4%-2.2%,从而显著降低全身暴露。作用部位的高药物浓度与低全身浓度相结合可产生大于或等于全身性NSAID的功效的功效,同时降低不良作用的风险。
发明内容
在第一方面,本公开提供了局部萘普生制剂。这些局部制剂包含以下或由以下组成:
介于约0.5%wt%与约25%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约1.0wt%与约15.0wt%之间的长链单不饱和脂肪酸、长链单不饱和脂肪醇、萜烯或其组合;
介于0wt%与约5.0wt%之间的泊洛沙姆;
介于0wt%与约5.0wt%之间的药学上可接受的纤维素赋形剂;
介于0wt%与约5.0wt%之间的α-生育酚聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯(“TPGS”或“维生素ETPGS”);
包含乙醇、丙二醇、2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇和任选的二甲基亚砜(“DMSO”)的溶剂混合物;以及
其中所述制剂包含约5.0wt%或更少的水,优选约1.0%或更少且最优选0%的水。
在某些实施方案中,局部制剂包含以下或由以下组成:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于0wt%与约50wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的TPGS;
介于0wt%与约50wt%之间的泊洛沙姆188;
介于0wt%与约5wt%之间的利多卡因;
介于0wt%与约5wt%之间的大麻二酚;
介于0wt%与约0.1wt%之间的维生素D3;
补足至100wt%的乙醇;并且
其中所述制剂是无水的,如所述术语在下文所定义。
在某些实施方案中,局部制剂包含以下或由以下组成:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于约10wt%与约30wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;介于约1wt%与约4wt%之间的TPGS;
介于0wt%与约50wt%之间的泊洛沙姆188;
介于0wt%与约5wt%之间的利多卡因;
补足至100wt%的乙醇;并且
其中所述制剂是无水的,如所述术语在下文所定义。
在某些实施方案中,局部制剂包含以下或由以下组成:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于约10wt%与约30wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;
介于约1wt%与约4wt%之间的TPGS;
补足至100wt%的乙醇;并且
其中所述制剂是无水的,如所述术语在下文所定义。
在某些实施方案中,局部制剂包含以下或由以下组成:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于约10wt%与约30wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;
补足至100wt%的乙醇;并且
其中所述制剂是无水的,如所述术语在下文所定义。
萘普生可作为游离酸或作为各种盐(例如,萘普生钠)或酯(例如,萘普生甲酯)存在于本发明的局部制剂中。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明的局部制剂是澄清的、透明的且略微粘性的。在这些制剂中,萘普生不与制剂的任何组分形成共晶,而是溶解在制剂中。
在各种实施方案中,局部制剂还包含一种或多种选自由以下组成的组的COX抑制剂:大麻素(例如,四氢大麻酚(D9-THC)、四氢-大麻酚酸-A(THCA-A)、大麻二酚(CBD)、大麻二酚酸(CBDA)、大麻萜酚(CBG)和大麻萜酚酸(CBGA))、对乙酰氨基酚、苄达明、丁苯羟酸、双氯芬酸、依托芬那酯、氟芬那酸、布洛芬、吲哚美辛、酮洛芬和水杨酸酯(例如,水杨酸、水杨苷、二氟尼柳、水杨酸镁、水杨酸胆碱)。
在某些实施方案中,局部制剂提供制剂中存在的量的至少7%的萘普生的经皮吸收。经皮吸收(或皮肤渗透)可想象为由一系列顺序步骤组成:渗透剂分子吸附到角质层的表层上,通过角质层和活性表皮扩散。在真皮的乳头层,分子被吸收到微循环中以进行随后的全身分布。用于测量局部施加的药物的经皮吸收的方法是本领域中已知的。参见例如,Kezic,Hum.Exp.Toxicol.2008 27(4):289-95.doi:10.1177/0960327107085825。根据本发明权利要求书的制剂优选地提供至少10%的萘普生的经皮吸收。
在最优选的实施方案中,局部制剂不包含水;即,制剂是无水的。“wt%水”、“无水”或“无水的”是指制剂含有指定重量百分比的水或不包括使用本身作为水添加抑或作为液体溶剂之一的组分添加的水。举例来说,95%乙醇(其为包含5%水的共沸物)不用于无水制剂中,因为乙醇中可能存在水。然而,作为水合离子化合物(作为含有水合水的“水合物”的化合物)的组分的水或由吸湿性吸收产生的水可存在于这种无水制剂中。
如本文所用的术语“wt%”是指(组分的质量/制剂的总质量)x100。举例来说,2wt%萘普生是指每100g制剂含有2g萘普生。
术语“长链单不饱和脂肪酸”是指具有至少14个碳和单个双键的脂肪酸。术语“长链单不饱和脂肪醇”是指等效醇(即,-OH基团连接至末端碳而不是烷氧基)。例如,油酸的分子式是CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH,而等效油醇的分子式是CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH。属于此组的单不饱和脂肪酸的实例包括但不限于以下:
在各种实施方案中,制剂中存在的长链单不饱和脂肪酸和/或长链单不饱和脂肪醇是C16:1至C22:1脂肪酸或醇。在优选的实施方案中,制剂中存在的长链单不饱和脂肪酸包含以下或由以下组成:介于约1wt%与约15wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其混合物,更优选介于约1wt%与约10wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其混合物,并且最优选介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其混合物。在某些实施方案中,制剂中存在的长链单不饱和脂肪酸包含以下或由以下组成:约1wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物,约2wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物,约3wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物,约4wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物,约5wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物,约6wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物,约7wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物,约8wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物,约9wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物,或约10wt%的油酸、油醇或其混合物。
泊洛沙姆是非离子三嵌段共聚物,其由侧接聚氧乙烯的两个亲水链的聚氧丙烯的中心疏水链组成。这些共聚物通常用字母P(代表泊洛沙姆)后跟三位数字来命名:前两位数字乘以100给出聚氧丙烯核心的近似分子质量,并且最后一位数字乘以10给出聚氧乙烯含量百分比。可用于本公开的泊洛沙姆的实例包括但不限于泊洛沙姆-101、-105、-105苯甲酸酯、-108、-122、-123、-124、-181、-182、-182二苯甲酸酯、-183、-184、-185、-188、-212、-215、-217、-231、-234、-235、-237、-238、-282、-284、-288、-331、-333、-334、-335、-338、-401、-402、-403和-407。在优选的实施方案中,制剂中存在的泊洛沙姆包含介于约0.1wt%与约5wt%之间的泊洛沙姆-188或由其组成,或者不含泊洛沙姆。
纤维素及其衍生物(例如,醚和酯衍生物)是多种用途的药物复合和工业化产品中经常使用的赋形剂。它们的用途包括作为口服液体制剂中的悬浮剂和作为局部制剂中的粘度增加剂。可用于本公开的药学上可接受的纤维素赋形剂的实例包括但不限于羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素和乙基羟乙基纤维素。在优选的实施方案中,制剂中存在的药学上可接受的纤维素赋形剂包含介于约1.0wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素,或由其组成。在某些实施方案中,制剂中的纤维素赋形剂包含约1wt%的羟丙基纤维素、约2wt%的羟丙基纤维素、约3wt%的羟丙基纤维素、约4wt%的羟丙基纤维素或约5wt%的羟丙基纤维素,或由其组成。在某些其它实施方案中,制剂不含纤维素赋形剂。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的局部制剂包含一种或多种麻醉剂,例如普鲁卡因、氯普鲁卡因、丁卡因、可卡因和苯佐卡因、地布卡因、利多卡因、甲哌卡因、丙胺卡因、布比卡因、左布比卡因、罗哌卡因、阿替卡因和依替卡因。此类剂的合适量是制剂的至多约5%。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的局部制剂是透明的。如本文所用的术语“透明的”是指制剂具有透射可见光而没有明显散射的性质,使得位于制剂之外的物体对于人眼是可见的。人类的可见光谱从约380nm延伸至约750nm。虽然20℃下的水在860nm处表现出显著吸收,但对于本发明的目的来说它被认为是透明的。
大多数透明介质具有在钠的黄色双重D线处测量的介于1与2之间的折射率,波长为589纳米。举例来说,水的折射率是1.33。相比之下,由于多重光散射效应,混浊介质的折射率无法以透射模式进行测量,并且通常以反射模式进行测量。因此,在某些实施方案中,本发明的局部制剂具有如使用阿贝折射计以透射模式在20℃下在589nm处测量的介于1与2之间的折射率。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的局部制剂是略微粘性的。如本文所用的术语“略微粘性的”是指在20℃下具有大于约100厘泊且小于约5000厘泊的粘度的制剂。作为比较,20℃下水的粘度是1厘泊。在某些实施方案中,略微粘性的制剂在20℃下大于约500厘泊且小于约2000厘泊。
如在整个说明书中关于值使用的术语“约”是指不超过+/-10%。在某些实施方案中,给定值的+/-10%可由给定值的+/-5%或给定值的+/-1%替代。
本公开的示例性制剂的列表可在以下表中找到。在每种情况下,表中列举的值可包括其范围内每个值的+/-10%、+/-5%或+/-1%。在每种情况下,制剂优选地是无水的并且形成透明的、略微粘性的凝胶,其中萘普生不呈共晶的形式,而是完全溶解于制剂中。最优选地,每种制剂表现出如使用阿贝折射计以透射模式在20℃下在589nm处测量的介于1与2之间的折射率
在相关方面,本公开提供了用于局部治疗人体上某一位置处的疼痛发作的方法,所述方法包括向所述位置局部施加根据本公开的局部萘普生制剂。在各种实施方案中,疼痛发作是急性疼痛发作或慢性疼痛发作。可治疗的疼痛发作的实例包括但不限于由骨关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、轻度至中度炎症和组织损伤、腰痛、炎症性关节病(例如,强直性脊柱炎、银屑病性关节炎、反应性关节炎)、网球肘、头痛、术后疼痛、由于帕金森病所致的肌肉僵硬和疼痛以及创伤性损伤引起的疼痛。在优选的实施方案中,本发明的方法用于局部治疗膝关节的骨关节炎疼痛,所述方法包括向所述膝关节局部施加根据本公开的局部萘普生制剂。
在某些实施方案中,所施加的根据本公开的萘普生制剂的剂量提供约80mg、约40mg、约30mg、约20mg或约10mg的萘普生量。在某些实施方案中,例如,施加4mL的2wt%萘普生制剂将提供80mg萘普生的局部剂量;2mL将提供40mg,1mL将提供20mg等。
在一些实施方案中,本公开的制剂呈凝胶、洗剂、乳膏、喷雾剂、气雾剂、软膏、乳剂、混悬剂、脂质体系统、漆剂、贴剂、绷带、颊片、糯米纸囊剂、舌下片剂、栓剂、阴道剂型或封闭敷料的形式。在一个特定实施方案中,制剂是凝胶。在一些实施方案中,本公开的制剂作为例如凝胶、软膏或乳膏直接施加至皮肤,或者通过贴剂、绷带或其它封闭敷料间接施加至皮肤。本公开的制剂可每天施加一次,或每天施加多次,取决于患者的状况。在一些实施方案中,所述制剂适于每天施用一次、两次、三次或四次,持续所需的时间,适合地为大约数天至数周至数月,或所需的更长时间。所述组合物可施用于任何皮肤表面,包括手、臂、躯干、背、腿、脚等。
应理解,本公开的应用不限于构造的细节和以下描述中所阐述或在附图中示出的组件的布置。本公开能够具有除所描述的那些实施方案以外的实施方案并且能够以各种方式实践和执行。另外,应了解,本文以及摘要中所采用的措辞和术语是用于描述目的并且不应被认为具限制性。
因此,本领域技术人员将理解,本公开所基于的概念可容易地用作设计用于实现本公开的若干目的的其它结构、方法和系统的基础。因此,重要的是,权利要求书被认为包括这样的等效构造,只要它们不脱离本公开的精神和范围。
具体实施方式
COX抑制剂的局部经皮递送中的最大障碍是角质层(SC)(皮肤最外层)的阻塞特性、皮肤结合、皮肤代谢、皮肤毒性和延长的迟滞时间。人们已经开发出不同的方法来增强透皮吸收,包括使用药物衍生物、过饱和系统、物理方法和促进药物通过SC扩散的化学渗透增强剂(吸附促进剂)。在所述方面,许多化学品因其皮肤渗透促进能力而被使用,包括脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯、脂肪醇或脂肪醇醚、脂肪醚、低级醇、甘油酯、多元醇、二醇、酰胺(例如N,N-二乙基-间甲苯酰胺)、胺、萜烯、极性溶剂、吡咯烷酮及其衍生物、亚砜、氮酮或月桂氮酮、表面活性剂、卵磷脂、多元醇、二醇、季铵化合物、硅酮、链烷酸酯、某些生物制剂、酶、络合剂、大环化合物、溶剂等。
如本文所用,“渗透增强”是指增加皮肤对活性药物成分(API)的渗透性,从而增加API渗透穿过皮肤的速率。类似地,“渗透增强剂”(PE)是指实现这种渗透增强的剂或剂混合物。适合于本公开的PE混合物通过一种或多种以下机制促进API渗透穿过皮肤:(1)通过增加药物在皮肤中的扩散性;(2)通过引起SC脂质-流化,从而导致屏障功能下降(可逆作用);(3)通过提高和优化药物在媒介物中的热力学活性;(4)通过影响药物的分配系数;以及(5)通过增加其从制剂释放到皮肤上层中。
在某些实施方案中,适合于本公开的PE混合物具有一种或多种以下特性:对皮肤无毒、无刺激、非致敏和/或非敏化;至少在发挥充分渗透作用所需的浓度下具有药理学惰性;直接的、预测的和/或可逆的效果;容易掺入药物制剂中;并且美观上可接受。
脂肪酸渗透增强剂
本公开的PE混合物优选地包含一种或多种脂肪酸,如长链脂肪酸。例如,脂肪酸可以是油酸(顺式-9-十八碳烯酸)或其功能衍生物。在某些实施方案中,PE是脂肪酸酯、脂肪醇或脂肪醇醚、脂肪醚、低级醇、甘油酯、多元醇、二醇、酰胺(例如,N,N-二乙基-间甲苯酰胺)、胺、萜烯、极性溶剂或其混合物。在某些实施方案中,脂肪酸是链烷酸、癸酸、二酸、乙基十八烷酸、己酸、乳酸、月桂酸、反式亚油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、新癸酸、油酸(顺式-9-十八烯酸)、棕榈酸、壬酸、丙酸或异油酸。在某些实施方案中,PE是C8-C22脂肪酸中的至少一种,如肉豆蔻酸异丙酯。
尽管不希望受任何特定理论束缚,但本公开的脂肪酸PE被认为选择性地干扰SC中的细胞间脂质双层,从而增强API对SC的渗透。在某些实施方案中,基于不饱和脂肪酸在增强经皮吸收方面比其饱和对应物更有效(例如,超过5倍、10倍、15倍、20倍或更多)的总体趋势,特别是对于亲脂性药物/API而言,可通过调节脂肪酸异构体的双键数量和顺式/反式构型来调节渗透增强效果的差异。
在某些实施方案中,PE是油酸、亚油酸、a-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、棕榈酸、月桂酸、辛酸、异硬脂酸、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯或肉豆蔻酸,任选地还包含丙二醇、乙醇、2-乙基-l,3-己二醇和右泛醇中的一种或多种。在某些实施方案中,PE是棕榈酸,并且配制局部制剂以增强API对SC(特别富含烷基的区域)的渗透。在某些实施方案中,PE是肉豆蔻酸,并且配制局部制剂以增强API对表皮的渗透。在某些实施方案中,PE是水杨酸辛酯,并且配制局部制剂以增强水溶性或油溶性API渗透至表皮和真皮中。
另外的基于脂肪酸的PE可在MX 9705070、GR 1004995、US 2005-020552A1、WO 05/060540、CA 2,420,895、MX 9800545、WO 04/054552、NZ 537359、WO 98/18417、WO 96/30020、DE 4301783、US 4,885、174、US 4,983,396、NZ 222346、CA 1,280,974和US 4,626,539中找到。
萜烯渗透增强剂
由于其高增强效果和低皮肤刺激,萜烯可在药物和化妆品制剂中用作渗透增强剂。萜烯主要从药用植物中提取,是挥发性化合物,其分子组分仅由碳、氢和氧原子组成。萜烯的基本化学结构由许多重复的异戊二烯(C5H8)单元组成,所述单元用于对萜烯进行分类。一些萜烯(例如,1,8-桉树脑、薄荷醇和薄荷酮)包括在美国食品与药品管理局颁发的公认安全的(GRAS)剂列表中。适合于本公开的萜烯的实例可选自由以下组成的组:薄荷醇、D-柠檬烯、香叶醇、橙花叔醇及其混合物。
亚砜渗透增强剂
在某些实施例中,适合于本公开的PE混合物包含二甲基亚砜(DMSO),用于增强亲水性和亲脂性API的渗透。可替代DMSO的额外DMSO如PE包括类似的化学上相关的化合物,如二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、环状亚砜、癸基甲基亚砜、二甲基亚砜和2-羟基十一烷基甲基亚砜。
二醇渗透增强剂
在某些实施方案中,适合于本公开的PE混合物包含一种或多种基于二醇的化合物,如二甘醇的单烷基醚,优选二甘醇单乙醚或二甘醇单甲醚或其它二丙二醇、丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇等。目前,美国食品与药品管理局(FDA)的非活性成分数据库列出二甘醇单乙醚(卡必醇(Transcutol))用于局部(至多49.9%)和透皮(至多5%)施用途径。卡必醇的重要特性是它能够溶解多种亲水性和亲脂性活性物质。它在增溶能力方面优于PG和EtOH的能力使其成为非常有用的药物赋形剂。具有约0.5的负log P,卡必醇被认为是极性质子增溶剂,其也表现出与疏水性基团的亲和力和良好混溶性。具有负log P的溶剂容易地渗透角质层的能力与亲脂性活性物质(log P值为2-3)形成对比,所述亲脂性活性物质比具有负log P值的活性剂更容易地渗透角质层。卡必醇与大多数药用赋形剂相容;溶于诸如甘油、乙醇、丙二醇和水的常用溶剂中;与诸如中链甘油三酯和基于聚乙二醇的表面活性剂(聚氧甘油酯)的极性脂质混溶;但不溶于非极性矿物油或聚二甲基硅氧烷。由于其高溶解度和与水的混溶性,卡必醇可能根据相对湿度条件而发生水合。
乳化剂
生产用于局部施加至皮肤或粘膜表面的制剂可能通常需要将油相与乳化剂混合。乳化剂是药学上可接受的表面活性剂,其可以是小分子、低聚物或聚合物。它可以是非离子的、阳离子的或阴离子的。它可具有天然或合成来源。
多种乳化剂可用于本公开中。在某些实施方案中,乳化剂可包括:月桂基硫酸钠,或非离子乳化剂(如硬脂酸甘油酯和/或PEG 100硬脂酸酯)。其它代表性乳化剂包括但不限于明胶、酪蛋白、卵磷脂(磷脂)、阿拉伯树胶、胆固醇、黄芪胶、聚氧乙烯烷基醚(例如聚乙二醇醚如聚西托醇1000)、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油衍生物、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯(例如市售的Tween)、聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯、胶体二氧化硅、十二烷基硫酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钙、羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、微晶纤维素和硅酸镁铝。大多数这些表面改性剂是已知的药用赋形剂,并且在美国药学协会和英国药学会联合出版(thePharmaceutical Press,1986)的Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients中详细描述。
表面活性剂的其它实例包括泰洛沙泊、泊洛沙姆和polyxamine。泊洛沙姆是由连接在一起的亲水性聚环氧乙烷(PEO)和疏水性聚环氧丙烷(PPO)嵌段组成的水溶性三嵌段共聚物。这些嵌段共聚物的两亲性质可通过控制PEO和/或PPO嵌段组分的长度来改变(Ahmed等人,2001)。已知此泊洛沙姆化学品家族的若干成员(如泊洛沙姆188和407)对哺乳动物细胞和组织而言为生物相容且无毒,从而使其可用于生物医学应用。已知这些表面活性剂掺入哺乳动物细胞膜之内或之上,从而减少蛋白质吸附和细胞粘附。
其它乳化剂包括卵磷脂、磺基琥珀酸钠的二烷基酯,如Aerosol OT,其为磺基琥珀酸钠的二辛酯,可获自American Cyanamid;Duponol P,其为月桂基硫酸钠,可获自DuPont;Triton X-200,其是烷基芳基聚醚磺酸酯,可获自Rohm and Haas;20和80,其是聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯,可获自Croda,Inc.;Crodesta F-l10,其为蔗糖硬脂酸酯和蔗糖二硬脂酸酯的混合物,可获自Croda,Inc.;Crodesta SL-40,其可获自Croda,Inc.;和SA90HCO,其为Ci8H37-CH2(CON(CH3)CH2(CHOH)4CH2OH)2;癸酰基-N-甲基葡糖酰胺;正癸基-P-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷;正癸基-P-D-吡喃麦芽糖苷;正十二烷基-P-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷;正十二烷基-P-D-麦芽糖苷;庚酰基-N-甲基葡糖酰胺;正庚基-P-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷;正庚基-P-D-硫代葡萄糖苷;正己基-P-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷;壬酰基-N-甲基葡糖酰胺;正壬基-P-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷;辛酰基-N-甲基葡糖酰胺;正辛基-P-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷;辛基-P-D-硫代吡喃葡萄糖苷;等等。
另一种合适的表面活性剂是维生素E TPGS(α-生育酚聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯,也缩写为TPGS)。
许多聚合物乳化剂如泊洛沙姆和纤维素赋形剂也充当胶凝剂。凝胶是包含分散在相对大量液体中的少量固体的半固体、三维、聚合物基质,但具有更像固体的特性。凝胶表现出固态的机械性能特征,分散组分和分散介质在整个系统中不断延伸。凝胶通常是透明或半透明的半固体制剂,因其不引人注目而受到患者的青睐。局部凝胶制剂为药物提供了合适的递送系统,因为与乳膏和软膏相比,它们不那么油腻,并且提供更好的施加特性和稳定性。
其它成分
在某些实施方案中,组合物还可包含一种或多种添加剂或其组合,包括但不限于:润湿剂;质地增强剂;湿度调节剂;pH调节剂;渗透压调节剂;UV-A和UV-B掩蔽剂;和抗氧化剂。例如,抗氧化剂可以是a-生育酚、丁羟茴醚或丁羟甲苯、超氧化物歧化酶、泛醇或某些金属螯合剂。本领域技术人员将能够选择待添加至这些组合物中的任选化合物,使得与本公开本质上相关的有利性质不会或基本上不会受到所设想的添加的不利影响。
此外,组合物还可包含一种或多种另外的活性剂,如抗组胺剂;皮质类固醇、局部麻醉剂、局部镇痛剂和抗生素。在各种实施方案中,抗组胺剂可以是盐酸苯海拉明或马来酸氯苯那敏;皮质类固醇可以是氢化可的松、氢化可的松-21-单酯(如氢化可的松-21-乙酸酯、氢化可的松-21-丁酸酯、氢化可的松-21-丙酸酯、氢化可的松-21-戊酸酯等)以及氢化可的松-17,21-二酯(如氢化可的松-17,21-二乙酸酯、氢化可的松-17-乙酸酯-21-丁酸酯、氢化可的松-17,21-二丁酸酯)、地塞米松、氟米松、泼尼松龙、甲泼尼龙、丙酸氯倍他索、苯甲酸倍他米松、二丙酸倍他米松、二醋酸双氟拉松、醋酸氟轻松、糠酸莫米松或曲安奈德;局部麻醉剂可以是苯佐卡因、利多卡因、丙胺卡因和地布卡因;并且局部镇痛剂可以是1-薄荷醇、d,1-樟脑或辣椒素。
优选的实施方案
以下是本发明的优选实施方案:
实施方案1.一种局部萘普生制剂,所述局部萘普生制剂包含介于约0.5%wt%与约25%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约1.0wt%与约15.0wt%之间的长链单不饱和脂肪酸、长链单不饱和脂肪醇、萜烯或其组合;
介于0wt%与约5.0wt%之间的泊洛沙姆;
介于0wt%与约5.0wt%之间的药学上可接受的纤维素赋形剂;
介于0wt%与约5.0wt%之间的α-生育酚聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯(“TPGS”或“维生素ETPGS”);以及
包含乙醇、丙二醇、2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇和任选的二甲基亚砜(“DMSO”)的溶剂混合物,
其中所述制剂包含约5.0wt%或更少的水。
实施方案2.根据实施方案1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于0wt%与约50wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的TPGS;
介于0wt%与约50wt%之间的泊洛沙姆188;
介于0wt%与约5wt%之间的利多卡因;
介于0wt%与约5wt%之间的大麻二酚;
介于0wt%与约0.1wt%之间的维生素D3;以及
补足至100wt%的乙醇。
实施方案3.根据实施方案1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于约10wt%与约30wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;
介于约1wt%与约4wt%之间的TPGS;
介于0wt%与约50wt%之间的泊洛沙姆188;
介于0wt%与约5wt%之间的利多卡因;以及
补足至100wt%的乙醇。
实施方案4.根据实施方案1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于约10wt%与约30wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的TPGS;以及
补足至100wt%的乙醇。
实施方案5.根据实施方案1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于约10wt%与约30wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;以及
补足至100wt%的乙醇。
实施方案6.根据实施方案1-5中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含约1.0wt%或更少的水。
实施方案7.根据实施方案1-6中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是无水的。
实施方案8.根据实施方案1-7中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是透明的。
实施方案9.根据实施方案1-8中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂具有介于1与2之间的折射率,所述折射率是使用阿贝折射计以透射模式在20℃下在589nm处测量。
实施方案10.根据实施方案1-9中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约至少5wt%的乙醇、介于约10.0wt%与约12wt%之间的丙二醇、介于约15wt%与约45wt%之间的二甲基亚砜和介于约10.0wt%与约50wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇。
实施方案11.根据实施方案1-10中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约5wt%与约15wt%之间的长链单不饱和脂肪酸、长链单不饱和醇或其混合物。
实施方案12.根据实施方案1-11中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂中存在的所述长链单不饱和脂肪酸、长链单不饱和醇或其混合物包含油酸、油醇或其混合物或由油酸、油醇或其混合物组成。
实施方案13.根据实施方案1-12中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含选自由以下组成的组的泊洛沙姆:泊洛沙姆-101、-105、-105苯甲酸酯、-108、-122、-123、-124、-181、-182、-182二苯甲酸酯、-183、-184、-185、-188、-212、-215、-217、-231、-234、-235、-237、-238、-282、-284、-288、-331、-333、-334、-335、-338、-401、-402、-403和-407。
实施方案14.根据实施方案13所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约2wt%与约5wt%之间的泊洛沙姆-188。
实施方案15.根据实施方案1-14中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含选自由以下组成的组的药学上可接受的纤维素赋形剂:羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素和乙基羟乙基纤维素。
实施方案16.根据实施方案15所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素。
实施方案17.根据实施方案1-16中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的TPGS。
18.根据实施方案1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是以下无水制剂中的一种,其中所指示的每个值是所述指示值的+/-10%、所述指示值的+/-1%,或者是所述指示值:
实施方案19.根据实施方案18所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是无水的。
实施方案20.根据实施方案18或19所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是透明的。
实施方案21.根据实施方案18-20中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂具有介于1与2之间的折射率,所述折射率是使用阿贝折射计以透射模式在20℃下在589nm处测量。
实施方案22.一种局部治疗人体上某一位置处的疼痛发作的方法,所述方法包括向所述位置局部施加根据实施方案1-21中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂。
实施方案23.根据实施方案22所述的方法,其中所述疼痛发作是急性疼痛发作。
实施方案24.根据实施方案22所述的方法,其中所述疼痛发作是慢性疼痛发作。
实施方案25.一种局部治疗膝关节的骨关节炎疼痛的方法,所述方法包括向所述膝关节局部施加根据实施方案1-21中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂。
实施方案26.根据实施方案22-25中的一项所述的方法,其中萘普生的局部剂量是约80mg、约40mg、约30mg、约20mg或约10mg。
实施例1.制剂
以下是用于制备本发明的萘普生配方的程序。
称取萘普生、利多卡因、油酸、DMSO、DEGEE(卡必醇)、丙二醇、羟丙基纤维素、维生素E TPGS和无水乙醇。在20℃下,将DMSO和/或DEGEE合并,同时混合以形成溶液A。
将丙二醇和无水乙醇合并,并且添加至溶液A中,同时搅拌以形成溶液B。如果制剂需要,则在添加至溶液A之前在溶液B中添加并溶解维生素E TPGS。
将萘普生溶解,或者如果制剂需要则将萘普生和利多卡因溶解于溶液B中以形成溶液C。
将油酸和/或油醇添加至溶液C中以形成溶液D。
将羟丙基纤维素缓慢添加至溶液D中并剧烈搅拌,直至聚合物完全溶剂化,溶液均匀并且获得介于500与3000CPS之间的适当粘度以完成配制。制剂呈淡黄色但透明,具有介于1与2之间的折射率,没有不透明度,没有未溶解的颗粒或共晶,并且具有介于500与3000CPS(厘泊)之间的粘度。
本领域技术人员容易理解,本公开很好地适用于实现所述目标并获得所提到的目的和优点,以及其中固有的目的和优点。本文中提供的实施例代表优选实施方案,是示例性的,并且不旨在限制本公开的范围。
本领域技术人员将易于显而易见的是,可在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下对本文中所公开的公开内容进行不同的替换和修改。
本说明书中提及的所有专利和公布均指示本公开所属领域的普通技术人员的水平。全部专利和公布均以引用的方式并入本文中,引用的程度就像每项单独公布具体地或单独地表示为以引用的方式并入那样。
本文适当地说明性地描述的公开内容可在不存在本文未特定公开的任何一种或多种要素、一种或多种限制的情况下实践。因此,例如,在本文中的每个实例中,术语“包括”、“主要由……组成”和“由……组成”中的任何术语可由其它两个术语中的任一个代替。已经采用的术语和表达用作描述性术语而非限制性术语,并且在使用此类术语和表达时并不意图排除所示出和描述的特征或其部分的任何等效物,但是应认识到,各种修改在所要求保护的本公开范围内是可能的。因此,应理解,虽然本公开已通过优选实施方案和任选特征具体地公开,但本领域技术人员可对本文公开的概念进行修改和变化,并且此类修改和变化被认为是在所附权利要求书所限定的本公开范围内。
其它实施方案阐述于以下权利要求书内。
Claims (26)
1.一种局部萘普生制剂,所述局部萘普生制剂包含
介于约0.5%wt%与约25%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约1.0wt%与约15.0wt%之间的长链单不饱和脂肪酸、长链单不饱和脂肪醇、萜烯或其组合;
介于0wt%与约5.0wt%之间的泊洛沙姆;
介于0wt%与约5.0wt%之间的药学上可接受的纤维素赋形剂;
介于0wt%与约5.0wt%之间的α-生育酚聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯(“TPGS”或“维生素ETPGS”);以及
包含乙醇、丙二醇、2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇和任选的二甲基亚砜(“DMSO”)的溶剂混合物,
其中所述制剂包含约5.0wt%或更少的水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于0wt%与约50wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的TPGS;
介于0wt%与约50wt%之间的泊洛沙姆188;
介于0wt%与约5wt%之间的利多卡因;
介于0wt%与约5wt%之间的大麻二酚;
介于0wt%与约0.1wt%之间的维生素D3;以及
补足至100wt%的乙醇。
3.根据权利要求1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含:介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于约10wt%与约30wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;
介于约1wt%与约4wt%之间的TPGS;
介于0wt%与约50wt%之间的泊洛沙姆188;
介于0wt%与约5wt%之间的利多卡因;以及
补足至100wt%的乙醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含:介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于约10wt%与约30wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的TPGS;以及
补足至100wt%的乙醇。
5.根据权利要求1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含:
介于约5%wt%与约20%wt%之间的萘普生;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的油酸、油醇或其组合;
介于约15%wt%与约45%wt%之间的DMSO;
介于约5%wt%与约15%wt%之间的丙二醇;
介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素;
介于约10wt%与约30wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇;以及
补足至100wt%的乙醇。
6.根据权利要求1-5中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含约1.0wt%或更少的水。
7.根据权利要求1-6中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是无水的。
8.根据权利要求1-7中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是透明的。
9.根据权利要求1-8中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂具有介于1与2之间的折射率,所述折射率是使用阿贝折射计以透射模式在20℃下在589nm处测量。
10.根据权利要求1-9中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约至少5wt%的乙醇、介于约10.0wt%与约12wt%之间的丙二醇、介于约15wt%与约45wt%之间的二甲基亚砜和介于约10.0wt%与约50wt%之间的2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙醇。
11.根据权利要求1-10中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约5wt%与约15wt%之间的长链单不饱和脂肪酸、长链单不饱和醇或其混合物。
12.根据权利要求1-11中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂中存在的所述长链单不饱和脂肪酸、长链单不饱和醇或其混合物包含油酸、油醇或其混合物或由油酸、油醇或其混合物组成。
13.根据权利要求1-12中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含选自由以下组成的组的泊洛沙姆:泊洛沙姆-101、-105、-105苯甲酸酯、-108、-122、-123、-124、-181、-182、-182二苯甲酸酯、-183、-184、-185、-188、-212、-215、-217、-231、-234、-235、-237、-238、-282、-284、-288、-331、-333、-334、-335、-338、-401、-402、-403和-407。
14.根据权利要求13所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约2wt%与约5wt%之间的泊洛沙姆-188。
15.根据权利要求1-14中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含选自由以下组成的组的药学上可接受的纤维素赋形剂:羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素和乙基羟乙基纤维素。
16.根据权利要求15所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的羟丙基纤维素。
17.根据权利要求1-16中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂包含介于约1wt%与约5wt%之间的TPGS。
18.根据权利要求1所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是以下无水制剂1-60中的一种,其中所指示的每个值是所述指示值的+/-10%、所述指示值的+/-1%,或者是所述指示值:
19.根据权利要求18所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是无水的。
20.根据权利要求18或19所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂是透明的。
21.根据权利要求18-20中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂,其中所述制剂具有介于1与2之间的折射率,所述折射率是使用阿贝折射计以透射模式在20℃下在589nm处测量。
22.一种局部治疗人体上某一位置处的疼痛发作的方法,所述方法包括向所述位置局部施加根据权利要求1-21中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中所述疼痛发作是急性疼痛发作。
24.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中所述疼痛发作是慢性疼痛发作。
25.一种局部治疗膝关节的骨关节炎疼痛的方法,所述方法包括向所述膝关节局部施加根据权利要求1-21中的一项所述的局部萘普生制剂。
26.根据权利要求22-25中的一项所述的方法,其中萘普生的局部剂量是约80mg、约40mg、约30mg、约20mg或约10mg。
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US20130197092A1 (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2013-08-01 | Ketan R. Patel | Novel Non-Aqueous Topical Solution of Diclofenac and Process for Preparing the Same |
EP3854389A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2021-07-28 | Vapogenix, Inc. | Novel analgesic compositions |
KR20190003535A (ko) * | 2016-03-31 | 2019-01-09 | 스마테크 토피칼, 인코포레이티드 | 전달 시스템 |
GB201706969D0 (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-06-14 | Medherant Ltd | Formulation |
US20220378729A1 (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-12-01 | Smartech Topical, Inc. | Topical formulations of cyclooxygenase inhibitors and their use |
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2022
- 2022-05-05 CA CA3217501A patent/CA3217501A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-05 EP EP22799632.9A patent/EP4333826A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-05 US US18/559,019 patent/US20240139133A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-05 CN CN202280033250.8A patent/CN117396196A/zh active Pending
- 2022-05-05 JP JP2023567954A patent/JP2024519493A/ja active Pending
- 2022-05-05 WO PCT/US2022/027935 patent/WO2022235978A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-05-05 AU AU2022271274A patent/AU2022271274A1/en active Pending
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WO2022235978A1 (en) | 2022-11-10 |
EP4333826A1 (en) | 2024-03-13 |
JP2024519493A (ja) | 2024-05-14 |
AU2022271274A1 (en) | 2023-11-23 |
US20240139133A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
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