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CN117226160B - Automatic conversion mechanism for main shaft head of gantry machining center - Google Patents

Automatic conversion mechanism for main shaft head of gantry machining center Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117226160B
CN117226160B CN202311489433.3A CN202311489433A CN117226160B CN 117226160 B CN117226160 B CN 117226160B CN 202311489433 A CN202311489433 A CN 202311489433A CN 117226160 B CN117226160 B CN 117226160B
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China
Prior art keywords
inner cavity
clamping
rotating rod
wall
spring
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CN117226160A (en
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马建国
马海强
马海红
高阿君
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Taizhou Jianqi Cnc Equipment Co ltd
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Taizhou Jianqi Cnc Equipment Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gantry machining, and particularly discloses an automatic conversion mechanism for a gantry machining center spindle head, which comprises the following components: the gantry machining center body is provided with a storage cavity at the front side of the top end of the gantry machining center body, and a storage groove is formed in the middle of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the storage cavity; the sleeve is arranged at the top end of the front side of the gantry machining center main body; the electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve; the fixed ring sets up in telescopic outer wall bottom, and four first draw-in grooves have been seted up along circumference equidistance to the inner chamber top of fixed ring. This device can carry out automatic tool changing, reduces the tool changing time by a wide margin, avoids artificial operating error, has improved production efficiency, has reduced the dependence to the manpower, has reduced the human cost, is provided with adjustable milling angle function simultaneously for planer-type machining center can satisfy the processing demand of different work pieces, has promoted the flexibility and the variety of work piece processing.

Description

Automatic conversion mechanism for main shaft head of gantry machining center
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gantry machining, in particular to an automatic conversion mechanism for a main shaft head of a gantry machining center.
Background
The gantry machining center is a multifunctional numerical control machine tool and is mainly used for carrying out machining operations such as milling, drilling, cutting and the like on a workpiece, has the characteristics of high precision and high rigidity, and is often applied to the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, die machining and the like; however, the traditional gantry machining center has certain inconvenience in the process of replacing the spindle, and because the traditional gantry machining center needs manual operation to replace the spindle, the tool replacing time is long, errors are easy to occur, and the production efficiency is reduced; in addition, the traditional gantry machining center can only perform vertical milling operation, cannot adjust milling angles according to actual conditions, restricts flexibility and diversity of workpiece machining, and is inconvenient to use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic conversion mechanism for a main shaft head of a gantry machining center, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, manual tool changing is needed and milling angle adjustment cannot be adjusted.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic conversion mechanism for a gantry machining center spindle head, comprising: the gantry machining center body is provided with a storage cavity at the front side of the top end of the gantry machining center body, and a storage groove is formed in the middle of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the storage cavity; the sleeve is arranged at the top end of the front side of the gantry machining center main body; the electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve; the fixing ring is arranged at the bottom end of the outer wall of the sleeve, and four first clamping grooves are formed in the top end of the inner cavity of the fixing ring at equal intervals along the circumferential direction; the first motor screw is connected to the top end of the inner cavity of the sleeve; the first rotating rod is locked at the output end of the first motor through the coupler, the bottom end of the first rotating rod extends out of the inner cavity of the sleeve, a plurality of first extrusion grooves are formed in the bottom end of the first rotating rod at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of second extrusion grooves are formed in the top of the inner cavity of the first rotating rod at equal intervals along the circumferential direction; the first spring is embedded in the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove, and the top end of the first spring is clamped at the top end of the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove; the top end of the first clamping column is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove, the bottom end of the first clamping column extends out of the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove, and the bottom end of the first spring is clamped at the top end of the first clamping column; the second spring is embedded in the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove, and the outer end of the second spring is clamped outside the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove; one part of the first clamping ball is embedded in the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove, and the inner end of the second spring is clamped on the outer wall of the first clamping ball; the first electric telescopic rod is arranged at the top end of the inner cavity of the first rotating rod; the top end of the main shaft tool bit is adaptively inserted into the inner cavity of the first rotating rod, the joint of the outer wall of the first clamping ball and the outer wall of the main shaft tool bit is formed, the bottom end of the main shaft tool bit extends out of the inner cavity of the first rotating rod, the bottom end of the main shaft tool bit is provided with a slot, the top end of the main shaft tool bit is provided with a plurality of second clamping grooves along the axial direction at equal intervals, and the first clamping columns are adaptively inserted into the inner cavity of the second clamping grooves; the storage mechanism is arranged in the inner cavity of the storage cavity; the steering mechanism is arranged in the inner cavity of the storage groove.
Preferably, the spindle head storage mechanism includes: the second motor is connected to the front part of the right side of the gantry machining center main body through screws, and the position of the second motor corresponds to the position of the center of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity; the first connecting rod is locked at the output end of the second motor through the coupler, and the left end of the first connecting rod extends into the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity; the left end and the right end of the first screw rod are respectively rotatably arranged at the front ends of the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity through bearings, and the threads on the outer wall of the first screw rod are bilaterally symmetrical with the center of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity; the left end and the right end of the second screw rod are respectively rotatably arranged at the rear ends of the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity through bearings, and the threads on the outer wall of the second screw rod are bilaterally symmetrical with the center of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity; the number of the first chain wheels is two, and the two first chain wheels are sleeved on the outer wall of the first connecting rod and the right side of the outer wall of the first screw rod respectively and are locked through jackscrews; two ends of the first chain are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the two first chain wheels; the number of the second chain wheels is two, and the two second chain wheels are sleeved on the outer wall of the first connecting rod and the right side of the outer wall of the second screw rod respectively and are locked through jackscrews; two ends of the second chain are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the two second chain wheels; the number of the moving blocks is four, and the four moving blocks are respectively in threaded connection with the left side and the right side of the outer walls of the first screw rod and the second screw rod; the number of the storage plates is two, the front and rear ends of the inner sides of the two storage plates are respectively rotatably arranged at the top ends of the four moving blocks through pin shafts, the top ends of the storage plates are provided with a plurality of storage grooves, and the spindle tool bit is adaptively inserted into the inner cavity of each storage groove; the quantity of the connecting rods is four, the bottom ends of the four connecting rods are respectively rotatably arranged at the front and rear ends of the left side and the right side of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the storage cavity through pin shafts, and the inner sides of the top ends of the four connecting rods are respectively rotatably arranged at the front and rear sides of the two storage plates through pin shafts.
Preferably, the middle part of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the storage groove is provided with an inserting rod, and the inserting rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the slot in a matching way.
Preferably, for connection with the sleeve, the steering mechanism comprises: the shell is inserted into the inner cavity of the storage groove in a matching way, the front ends of the upper side and the lower side of the inner cavity of the shell are provided with sliding grooves penetrating up and down along an arc shape, and the top end of the inner cavity of the shell is matched with the sleeve and the fixing ring; the number of the second clamping columns is four, the four second clamping columns are respectively arranged at the top end of the shell at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, the second clamping columns are matched with the first clamping grooves, the length of the second clamping columns is equal to the distance from the top end of the inner cavity of the fixed ring to the bottom end of the electromagnet, and the second clamping columns are made of iron; the bottom end of the first rotary rod is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the shell through a bearing; the mounting head is arranged at the top end of the first rotating rod, the mounting head is matched with the inner cavity of the first rotating rod, and a plurality of third clamping grooves matched with the first clamping columns are formed in the top end of the mounting head at equal intervals along the circumferential direction; the driving conical gear is sleeved on the top of the outer wall of the first rotary rod and locked through a jackscrew.
Preferably, in order to change the milling direction, the steering mechanism further comprises: the upper end and the lower end of the left side of the support frame are respectively sleeved on the upper side and the lower side of the outer wall of the first rotating rod in a rotatable manner through bearings; the outer wall of the second rotating rod is rotatably arranged in the middle of the right side of the support frame through a bearing; the driven conical gear is sleeved on the left side of the outer wall of the second rotary rod and locked by a jackscrew, and the driven conical gear is meshed with the driving conical gear; the middle part of the left side of the second rotating rod is arranged at the right end of the second rotating rod, a plurality of third extrusion grooves are formed in the right side of the second rotating rod at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of fourth extrusion grooves are formed in the left part of the inner cavity of the second rotating rod at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the inner cavity of the second rotating rod is identical with the inner cavity of the first rotating rod; the third spring is embedded in the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove, and the left end of the third spring is clamped at the left embedded side of the third extrusion groove; the left end of the third clamping column is embedded in the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove, the right end of the third spring is clamped at the left end of the third clamping column, the right end of the third clamping column extends out of the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove, and the third clamping column is identical to the first clamping column; the fourth spring is embedded in the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion groove, and the outer end of the fourth spring is clamped at the outer side of the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion groove; one part of the second clamping ball is embedded in the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion groove, the inner end of the fourth spring is clamped on the outer wall of the second clamping ball, and the second clamping ball is identical to the first clamping ball; the second electric telescopic rod is arranged on the left side of the inner cavity of the second rotating rod.
Preferably, in order to adjust the milling angle, the steering mechanism further comprises: the lantern ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating rod; the number of the sliding columns is two, the two sliding columns are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the lantern ring, the two sliding columns are respectively and slidably matched and inserted into the inner cavities of the two sliding grooves, and the bottom ends of the sliding columns positioned below extend out of the bottom ends of the sliding grooves positioned below; the third motor is connected with the middle part of the bottom end of the shell through a screw; the second connecting rod is locked at the output end of the third motor through a coupler, and the top end of the second connecting rod is rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the shell through a bearing; the rotor plate sets up in the outer wall middle part of second connecting rod, and the outer end of rotor plate is rotatable cup joints in the outer wall of the traveller that is located the below through the bearing.
Preferably, the length of the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove is larger than the length of the first clamping column, and the length of the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove is larger than the diameter of the first clamping ball.
Preferably, the length of the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove is larger than the length of the third clamping column, and the length of the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion groove is larger than the diameter of the second clamping ball.
The invention provides an automatic conversion mechanism for a main shaft head of a gantry machining center, which has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the main shaft tool bit can be fixed in the inner cavity of the first rotating rod through the cooperation between the second spring and the first clamping ball, the main shaft tool bit can be driven to synchronously rotate along with the first rotating rod through the cooperation between the first clamping column and the second clamping groove, and the first motor is used for driving the main shaft tool bit to rotate through the first rotating rod, so that an object can be milled.
2. According to the invention, the main shaft tool bit can be stored by using the storage groove, the first screw rod and the second screw rod can be driven to synchronously rotate by using the second motor, the first connecting rod, the first chain wheel and the second chain, so that the four moving blocks can be driven to synchronously move outwards, the storage plate can be driven to rotate for 90 degrees while moving outwards by using the cooperation between the moving blocks and the connecting rod, and the main shaft tool bit can be prevented from falling from the inner cavity of the storage groove by using the cooperation between the inserting rod and the inserting groove.
3. According to the invention, the top end of the shell is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixed ring, the second clamping column is promoted to be inserted into the inner cavity of the first clamping groove, the electromagnet is used for adsorbing the second clamping column, the shell can be fixed at the bottom end of the sleeve, meanwhile, the mounting head is adaptively inserted into the inner cavity of the first rotating rod, the mounting head can be fixed by utilizing the cooperation between the second spring and the first clamping ball, the first clamping column is promoted to be inserted into the inner cavity of the third clamping groove, the mounting head can be promoted to synchronously rotate along with the first rotating rod, when the first rotating rod drives the first rotating rod to rotate through the mounting head, the second rotating rod can be promoted to rotate through the cooperation between the driving conical gear and the driven conical gear, so that materials can be milled, and the second rotating rod can be promoted to rotate through the driving of the output end of the third motor, and the second rotating rod can be promoted to rotate through the sliding column and the lantern ring, so that the milling angle can be regulated.
4. This device can carry out automatic tool changing, reduces the tool changing time by a wide margin, avoids artificial operating error, has improved production efficiency, has reduced the dependence to the manpower, has reduced the human cost, is provided with adjustable milling angle function simultaneously for planer-type machining center can satisfy the processing demand of different work pieces, has promoted the flexibility and the variety of work piece processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a sleeve;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the storage mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a steering mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of the sleeve;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a spindle tool bit;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the storage mechanism;
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the steering mechanism;
FIG. 10 is a front view of the steering mechanism;
FIG. 11 is a front cross-sectional view of a second rotating block;
fig. 12 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 6;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 6;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view at C in FIG. 6;
fig. 15 is an enlarged view of D in fig. 8;
FIG. 16 is an enlarged view at E in FIG. 2;
fig. 17 is an enlarged view of F in fig. 8.
In the figure: 1. a gantry machining center body; 2. a storage chamber; 3. a storage groove; 4. a sleeve; 5. an electromagnet; 6. a fixing ring; 7. a first clamping groove; 8. a storage mechanism; 81. a second motor; 82. a first connecting rod; 83. a first screw; 84. a second screw; 85. a first sprocket; 86. a first chain; 87. a second sprocket; 88. a second chain; 89. a moving block; 810. a storage plate; 811. a storage tank; 812. a rod; 813. a connecting rod; 9. a steering mechanism; 91. a housing; 92. a chute; 93. a second clamping column; 94. a mounting head; 95. a third clamping groove; 96. a first rotating lever; 97. a driving bevel gear; 98. a support frame; 99. a second rotating lever; 910. a driven bevel gear; 911. a second rotating rod; 912. a third pressing groove; 913. a third spring; 914. a third clamping column; 915. a fourth pressing groove; 916. a fourth spring; 917. a second clamping ball; 918. a second electric telescopic rod; 919. a collar; 920. a spool; 921. a third motor; 922. a second connecting rod; 923. a rotating plate; 10. a first motor; 11. a first rotating lever; 12. a first pressing groove; 13. a first spring; 14. a first clamping column; 15. a second pressing groove; 16. a second spring; 17. a first clamping ball; 18. a first electric telescopic rod; 19. a spindle tool bit; 20. a slot; 21. and a second clamping groove.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-17, the present invention provides a technical scheme of an automatic switching mechanism for a spindle head of a gantry machining center, which includes: the gantry machining center body 1, the accommodating cavity 2, the accommodating groove 3, the sleeve 4, the electromagnet 5, the fixing ring 6, the first clamping groove 7, the storage mechanism 8, the steering mechanism 9, the first motor 10, the first rotating rod 11, the first extrusion groove 12, the first spring 13, the first clamping post 14, the second extrusion groove 15, the second spring 16, the first clamping ball 17, the first electric telescopic rod 18, the spindle tool bit 19, the slot 20 and the second clamping groove 21, the accommodating cavity 2 is arranged at the front side of the top end of the gantry machining center body 1, the accommodating groove 3 is arranged at the middle part of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity 2, the gantry machining center body 1 is the prior art, the sleeve 4 is arranged at the top end of the front side of the gantry machining center body 1, the electromagnet 5 is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve 4, the electromagnet 5 is the prior art, the electromagnet 5 is used for adsorbing the second clamping post 93, thereby fixing the shell 91 and the sleeve 4 together, the fixing ring 6 is arranged at the bottom end of the outer wall of the sleeve 4, four first clamping grooves 7 are formed at the top end of the inner cavity of the fixing ring 6 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, the first motor 10 is connected with the top end of the inner cavity of the sleeve 4 by screws, the first motor 10 is in the prior art, the first motor 10 is a servo motor, the first motor 10 is connected with a servo controller, the first motor 10 is used for driving the first rotating rod 11 to rotate, the first rotating rod 11 is locked at the output end of the first motor 10 by a coupler, the bottom end of the first rotating rod 11 extends out of the inner cavity of the sleeve 4, a plurality of first extrusion grooves 12 are formed at the bottom end of the first rotating rod 11 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of second extrusion grooves 15 are formed at the top end of the inner cavity of the first rotating rod 11 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, the first rotating rod 11 is used for installing the spindle tool bit 19, the first spring 13 is embedded in the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove 12, the top end of the first spring 13 is clamped at the top end of the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove 12, the first spring 13 is a rotary spring, the first spring 13 is elastically deformed after being extruded or stretched by external force, the first spring 13 is restored to an initial state after the external force is removed, the first spring 13 is used for downwardly extruding the first clamping column 14, the top end of the first clamping column 14 is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove 12, the bottom end of the first clamping column 14 extends out of the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove 12, the bottom end of the first spring 13 is clamped at the top end of the first clamping column 14, the cooperation between the first clamping column 14 and the second clamping groove 21 can promote the spindle cutter head 19 to rotate along with the first rotary rod 11, the second spring 16 is embedded in the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove 15, the outer end of the second spring 16 is clamped at the outer side of the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove 15, the second spring 16 is a rotary spring, the second spring 16 is used for extruding the first clamping ball 17 inwards, one part of the first clamping ball 17 is embedded in the inner cavity of the second extruding groove 15, the inner end of the second spring 16 is clamped on the outer wall of the first clamping ball 17, the first clamping ball 17 and the second spring 16 are matched to clamp and fix the spindle tool bit 19, the first electric telescopic rod 18 is arranged at the top end of the inner cavity of the first rotating rod 11, the first electric telescopic rod 18 is in the prior art, the first electric telescopic rod 18 is not excessively described in the prior art, the first electric telescopic rod 18 is used for pushing the spindle tool bit 19 out of the inner cavity of the first rotating rod 11, the top end of the spindle tool bit 19 is adaptively inserted in the inner cavity of the first rotating rod 11, the joint of the outer wall of the first clamping ball 17 and the outer wall of the spindle tool bit 19, the bottom end of the spindle tool bit 19 extends out of the inner cavity of the first rotating rod 11, the slot 20 has been seted up to the bottom of main shaft tool bit 19, a plurality of second draw-in grooves 21 have been seted up along the axial equidistance on the top of main shaft tool bit 19, first draw-in column 14 looks adaptation grafting is in the inner chamber of second draw-in groove 21, main shaft tool bit 19 is prior art, not excessively described here, main shaft tool bit 19 is used for milling the article here, deposit mechanism 8 setting is in the inner chamber of accomodating chamber 2, deposit mechanism 8 is used for depositing main shaft tool bit 19, steering mechanism 9 sets up in the inner chamber of accomodating groove 3, steering mechanism 9 is used for adjusting milling angle.
Preferably, the storage mechanism 8 further includes: the second motor 81, the first connecting rod 82, the first screw 83, the second screw 84, the first sprocket 85, the first chain 86, the second sprocket 87, the second chain 88, the movable block 89, the storage plate 810, the storage groove 811, the inserting rod 812 and the connecting rod 813, the second motor 81 is connected to the front right side of the gantry machining center main body 1 by screws, the position of the second motor 81 corresponds to the position of the center of the inner cavity of the storage cavity 2, the second motor 81 is a servo motor, the second motor 81 is connected with a servo controller, the second motor 81 is used for driving the first screw 83 and the second screw 84 to rotate, the first connecting rod 82 is locked at the output end of the second motor 81 by a coupler, the left end of the first connecting rod 82 extends into the inner cavity of the storage cavity 2, the left end and the right end of the first screw 83 are rotatably arranged at the front left end and the right end of the inner cavity of the storage cavity 2 by bearings, the threads on the outer wall of the first screw 83 are bilaterally symmetrical with the center of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity 2, the left end and the right end of the second screw 84 are respectively rotatably arranged at the rear ends on the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity 2 through bearings, the threads on the outer wall of the second screw 84 are bilaterally symmetrical with the center of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity 2, the four moving blocks 89 which can be caused by synchronous rotation of the first screw 83 and the second screw 84 drive the two storage plates 810 to synchronously move outwards, the number of the first chain wheels 85 is two, the two first chain wheels 85 are respectively sleeved on the outer wall of the first connecting rod 82 and the right side of the outer wall of the first screw 83 and are locked through jackscrews, the two ends of the first chain 86 are respectively sleeved on the outer wall of the two first chain wheels 85, the number of the second chain wheels 87 is two, the two second chain wheels 87 are respectively sleeved on the outer wall of the first connecting rod 82 and the right side of the outer wall of the second screw 84, and through jackscrew locking, the both ends of second chain 88 cup joint respectively in the outer wall of two second sprocket 87, the quantity of movable block 89 is four, four movable blocks 89 spiro union respectively in the outer wall left and right sides of first screw 83 and second screw 84, the quantity of storage plate 810 is two, the inboard front and back both ends of two storage plates 810 are rotationally set up in the top of four movable blocks 89 through the round pin axle respectively, a plurality of storage slots 811 have been seted up at the top of storage plate 810, main shaft tool bit 19 looks adaptation grafting is in the inner chamber of storage slot 811, storage plate 810 is used for depositing main shaft tool bit 19, inserted bar 812 sets up in the inner chamber bottom middle part of storage slot 811, inserted bar 812 looks adaptation grafting is in the inner chamber of slot 20, the cooperation can prevent main shaft tool bit 19 from dropping out the inner chamber of storage slot 811 between inserted bar 812 and the slot 20, the quantity of connecting rod 813 is four, the bottom of four connecting rod 813 is rotationally set up in the front and back both sides of the inner chamber bottom of storage cavity 2 through the round pin axle respectively, the top of four connecting rod 813 is rotationally set up in the front and back both sides of the inner side of storage plate 813 through the round pin axle respectively, the front and back 810 of two pushing plates through the rotatable round pin axle, can promote the rotation of 810 at the outside rotation of 810 can be carried out at 90 at the same time, the side can be rotated by using the side 810.
Preferably, the steering mechanism 9 further includes: the shell 91, the sliding groove 92, the second clamping column 93, the mounting head 94, the third clamping groove 95, the first rotating rod 96, the driving bevel gear 97, the supporting frame 98, the second rotating rod 99, the driven bevel gear 910, the second rotating rod 911, the third extrusion groove 912, the third spring 913, the third clamping column 914, the fourth extrusion groove 915, the fourth spring 916, the second clamping ball 917, the second electric telescopic rod 918, the lantern ring 919, the sliding column 920, the third motor 921, the second connecting rod 922 and the rotating plate 923, the shell 91 is matched and inserted in the inner cavity of the containing groove 3, the sliding grooves 92 penetrating up and down are arranged at the front ends of the upper side and the lower side of the inner cavity of the shell 91 along the arc shape, the top end of the inner cavity of the shell 91 is matched with the sleeve 4 and the fixed ring 6, the number of the second clamping columns 93 is four, the four second clamping columns 93 are respectively arranged at the top end of the shell 91 along the circumferential direction at equal distance, the second clamping column 93 is matched with the first clamping groove 7, the length of the second clamping column 93 is equal to the distance from the top end of the inner cavity of the fixed ring 6 to the bottom end of the electromagnet 5, the second clamping column 93 is made of iron, the second clamping column 93 and the first clamping groove 7 are matched to prevent the shell 91 from rotating along with the first rotating rod 11, the shell 91 can be fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve 4 by matching the second clamping column 93 with the electromagnet 5, the bottom end of the first rotating rod 96 is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the shell 91 through a bearing, the mounting head 94 is arranged at the top end of the first rotating rod 96, the mounting head 94 is matched with the inner cavity of the first rotating rod 11, a plurality of third clamping grooves 95 matched with the first clamping column 14 are formed in the top end of the mounting head 94 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, the mounting head 94 is used for being connected with the first rotating rod 11, the driving conical gear 97 is sleeved on the top of the outer wall of the first rotating rod 96 and locked through a jackscrew, the upper and lower ends of the left side of the supporting frame 98 are respectively rotatably sleeved on the upper and lower sides of the outer wall of the first rotating rod 96 through bearings, the supporting frame 98 is used for supporting a second rotating rod 911, the outer wall of the second rotating rod 99 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the right side of the supporting frame 98 through bearings, the driven conical gear 910 is sleeved on the left side of the outer wall of the second rotating rod 99 and locked through jackscrews, the driven conical gear 910 is meshed with the driving conical gear 97, the middle of the left side of the second rotating rod 911 is arranged at the right end of the second rotating rod 99, a plurality of third extrusion grooves 912 are formed in the right side of the second rotating rod 911 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of fourth extrusion grooves 915 are formed in the left part of the inner cavity of the second rotating rod 911 along the circumferential direction, the inner cavity of the second rotating rod 911 is the same as the inner cavity of the first rotating rod 11, the second rotating rod 911 is used for driving the spindle cutter head 19 to rotate, and therefore objects can be milled, the third spring 913 is embedded in the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove 912, the left end of the third spring 913 is clamped in the left embedded side of the third extrusion groove 912, the third spring 913 is a rotary spring, elastic deformation occurs after the third spring 913 is extruded or stretched by external force, the state is restored after the external force is removed, the third spring 913 is used for pushing the third clamping column 914 to the right side, the left end of the third clamping column 914 is embedded in the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove 912, the right end of the third spring 913 is clamped in the left end of the third clamping column 914, the right end of the third clamping column 914 extends out of the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove 912, the third clamping column 914 is the same as the first clamping column 14, the main shaft cutter bit 19 can be driven to synchronously rotate along with the second rotary rod 911 by cooperation between the third clamping column 914 and the second clamping groove 21, the fourth spring 916 is embedded in the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion groove 915, the outer end of the fourth spring 916 is clamped outside the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion groove 915, the fourth spring 916 is a rotary spring, is elastically deformed after being extruded or stretched by an external force, and is restored to a promoting state after the external force is removed, the fourth spring 916 is used for extruding the second clamping ball 917 inwards, a part of the second clamping ball 917 is embedded into the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion groove 915, the inner end of the fourth spring 916 is clamped on the outer wall of the second clamping ball 917, the second clamping ball 917 is the same as the first clamping ball 17, the second clamping ball 917 and the fourth spring 916 cooperate to fix the spindle tool bit 19 in the inner cavity of the second rotating rod 911, the second electric telescopic rod 918 is arranged at the left side of the inner cavity of the second rotating rod 911, the second electric telescopic rod 918 is in the prior art, and is not excessively repeated herein, the second electric telescopic rod 918 is used for pushing the spindle tool bit 19 out of the inner cavity of the second rotating rod 911, the collar 919 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating rod 911, the number of the slide posts 920 is two, the two slide posts 920 are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the collar 919, the two slide posts 920 are respectively and slidably matched and inserted into the inner cavities of the two slide grooves 92, the bottom ends of the slide posts 920 positioned below extend out of the bottom ends of the slide grooves 92 positioned below, a third motor 921 is connected with the middle part of the bottom end of the shell 91 by screws, the third motor 921 is a servo motor, the third motor 921 is connected with a servo controller, not described in detail, the third motor 921 is used for driving the second rotary rod 911 to rotate by a second connecting rod 922, a rotary plate 923, the slide posts 920 and the collar 919, the second connecting rod 922 is locked at the output end of the third motor 921 by a coupler, the top end of the second connecting rod 922 is rotatably arranged at the middle part of the bottom end of the shell 91 by a bearing, the rotary plate 923 is arranged at the middle part of the outer wall of the second connecting rod 922, the outer end of the rotating plate 923 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding column 920 positioned below through a bearing.
As a preferred solution, the length of the inner cavity of the first extrusion slot 12 is greater than the length of the first clamping column 14, so that the first clamping column 14 can be completely moved into the inner cavity of the first extrusion slot 12, the length of the inner cavity of the second extrusion slot 15 is greater than the diameter of the first clamping ball 17, so that the first clamping ball 17 can be completely moved into the inner cavity of the second extrusion slot 15, the length of the inner cavity of the third extrusion slot 912 is greater than the length of the third clamping column 914, so that the third clamping column 914 can be completely moved into the inner cavity of the third extrusion slot 912, and the length of the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion slot 915 is greater than the diameter of the second clamping ball 917, so that the second clamping ball 917 can be completely moved into the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion slot 915.
The detailed connection means are known in the art, and the following mainly describes the working principle and process, and the specific work is as follows.
When the telescopic spindle tool bit 19 is required to be replaced, the sleeve 4 is moved to the upper part of the empty storage groove 811, the sleeve 4 is moved downwards until the spindle tool bit 19 on the sleeve 4 is inserted into the inner cavity of the storage groove 811, the first electric telescopic rod 18 is started while the sleeve 4 is moved upwards, the first electric telescopic rod 18 is utilized to push the spindle tool bit 19 to move downwards, when the spindle tool bit 19 moves downwards, the first clamping ball 17 is pressed by the spindle tool bit 19 to move towards the inner cavity of the second pressing groove 15, and the second spring 16 is pressed to elastically deform until the spindle tool bit 19 moves to the lower part of the first clamping ball 17, the sleeve tool bit 19 is released from the inner cavity of the first rotating rod 11, simultaneously, the first clamping ball 17 is pushed to move inwards under the elastic force of the second spring 16 until the spindle tool bit 19 moves inwards, the first clamping ball 17 is pressed to the inner cavity of the second clamping groove 15, the first clamping ball 19 is pressed by the first clamping ball 19, the first clamping ball 19 is pressed to the inner cavity of the second clamping ball 19 is pressed by the first clamping ball 19, the first clamping ball 19 is pressed by the first clamping ball 19 until the first clamping ball 17 is pressed by the second clamping ball 19 is pressed to the inner cavity of the first clamping ball 19, and the first clamping ball 19 is pressed by the second clamping ball 19, the top end of the main shaft cutter head 19 is used for extruding the first clamping column 14 to move towards the inner cavity of the first extruding groove 12, the first spring 13 is extruded to elastically deform, the sleeve 4 is used for driving the main shaft cutter head 19 to move to a position needing to process an object, the main shaft cutter head 19 is enabled to contact the position needing to process the object, the first motor 10 is started to drive the first rotating rod 11 to slowly rotate, friction force between the main shaft cutter head 19 and the object can be used for preventing the main shaft cutter head 19 from rotating along with the first rotating rod 11 until the position of the first clamping column 14 corresponds to the position of the second clamping groove 21, the first clamping column 14 can be driven to move to the inner cavity of the second clamping groove 21 under the elastic force of the first spring 13, the main shaft cutter head 19 can be driven to synchronously rotate along with the first rotating rod 11, then the first motor 10 is used for driving the first rotating rod 11 to rapidly rotate, and therefore the object can be processed, when the machining angle needs to be adjusted, the spindle tool bit 19 is removed from the first rotating rod 11 by repeating the above actions, the second motor 81 is started, the output end of the second motor 81 is used for driving the first connecting rod 82 to rotate, the first connecting rod 82 rotates to enable the first screw 83 to rotate by means of the cooperation between the first sprocket 85 and the first chain 86, the second screw 84 and the first screw 83 are enabled to synchronously rotate by means of the cooperation between the second sprocket 87 and the second chain 88, the four moving blocks 89 are enabled to drive the inner sides of the two storage plates 810 to synchronously move outwards, the support of the storage plates 810 by means of the connecting rods 813 is enabled to enable the storage plates 810 to simultaneously rotate outwards until the storage plates 810 rotate to 90 degrees, the first rotating rod 11 is aligned with the shell 91 to move downwards until the top end of the shell 91 is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixed ring 6, the bottom end of the sleeve 4 is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell 91, the second clamping post 93 is inserted into the inner cavity of the first clamping groove 7, the electromagnet 5 is started, the shell 91 and the sleeve 4 can be fixed together by using the electromagnet 5 to absorb the second clamping post 93, the mounting head 94 is inserted into the inner cavity of the first rotating rod 11 at the moment, the mounting head 94 can be fixed by using the cooperation between the first clamping ball 17 and the second spring 16, the first motor 10 is started to drive the first rotating rod 11 to slowly rotate until the first clamping post 14 is inserted into the inner cavity of the third clamping groove 95, at the moment, the first motor 10 is closed, because the first clamping post 14 is inserted into the inner cavity of the third clamping groove 95 at the moment, when the first motor 10 drives the first rotating rod 11 to rotate again, the mounting head 94 can be driven to synchronously rotate along with the first rotating rod 11, the second rotating rod 911 is driven to move to the position of the spindle tool bit 19 to be mounted, the main shaft cutter head 19 is inserted into the inner cavity of the second rotating rod 911, the main shaft cutter head 19 can be fixed by utilizing the cooperation between the second clamping ball 917 and the fourth spring 916, the first motor 10 is started to drive the first rotating rod 11 to slowly rotate until the third clamping post 914 is inserted into the inner cavity of the second clamping groove 21, the main shaft cutter head 19 can be driven to synchronously rotate along with the second rotating rod 911, further, an object can be processed, when the processing angle needs to be regulated, the first motor 10 is closed, the third motor 921 is started, the output end of the third motor 921 is utilized to drive the rotating plate 923 to rotate through the second connecting rod 922, the second rotating rod 911 can be driven to rotate by utilizing the rotating plate 923 through the sliding post 920 and the collar 919 by taking the second connecting rod 922 as the circle center, thus the processing angle can be regulated, the device can automatically change a cutter, the cutter changing time is greatly reduced, the automatic milling machine has the advantages that manual operation errors are avoided, production efficiency is improved, dependence on manpower is reduced, manpower cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the function of adjusting milling angles is provided, so that the gantry machining center can meet machining requirements of different workpieces, and flexibility and diversity of workpiece machining are improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a longmen machining center main shaft head automatic switching mechanism which characterized in that includes:
the gantry machining center comprises a gantry machining center main body (1), wherein a storage cavity (2) is formed in the front side of the top end of the gantry machining center main body (1), and a storage groove (3) is formed in the middle of the bottom end of an inner cavity of the storage cavity (2);
the sleeve (4) is arranged at the top end of the front side of the gantry machining center main body (1);
the electromagnet (5) is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve (4);
the fixing ring (6), the fixing ring (6) is arranged at the bottom end of the outer wall of the sleeve (4), and four first clamping grooves (7) are formed in the top end of the inner cavity of the fixing ring (6) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
the first motor (10) is connected with the top end of the inner cavity of the sleeve (4) through screws;
the first rotating rod (11) is locked at the output end of the first motor (10) through a coupler, the bottom end of the first rotating rod (11) extends out of the inner cavity of the sleeve (4), a plurality of first extrusion grooves (12) are formed in the bottom end of the first rotating rod (11) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of second extrusion grooves (15) are formed in the top of the inner cavity of the first rotating rod (11) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
the first spring (13) is embedded in the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove (12), and the top end of the first spring (13) is clamped at the top end of the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove (12);
the top end of the first clamping column (14) is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove (12), the bottom end of the first clamping column (14) extends out of the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove (12), and the bottom end of the first spring (13) is clamped at the top end of the first clamping column (14);
the second spring (16) is embedded in the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove (15), and the outer end of the second spring (16) is clamped at the outer side of the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove (15);
the first clamping ball (17) is embedded into the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove (15), and the inner end of the second spring (16) is clamped to the outer wall of the first clamping ball (17);
the first electric telescopic rod (18) is arranged at the top end of the inner cavity of the first rotating rod (11);
the main shaft tool bit (19), the top looks adaptation of main shaft tool bit (19) is pegged graft in the inner chamber of first dwang (11), the outer wall of first card ball (17) and the outer wall junction of main shaft tool bit (19), the inner chamber of first dwang (11) is extended to the bottom of main shaft tool bit (19), slot (20) have been seted up to the bottom of main shaft tool bit (19), a plurality of second draw-in grooves (21) have been seted up along axial equidistance on the top of main shaft tool bit (19), first card post (14) looks adaptation is pegged graft in the inner chamber of second draw-in groove (21);
the storage mechanism (8) is arranged in the inner cavity of the storage cavity (2);
the steering mechanism (9) is arranged in the inner cavity of the accommodating groove (3);
the steering mechanism (9) comprises:
the shell (91), shell (91) looks adaptation grafting is in the inner chamber of accomodating groove (3), both sides front end all is seted up along the arc about the inner chamber of shell (91) and is run through spout (92) from top to bottom, the inner chamber top of shell (91) and sleeve (4) and solid fixed ring (6) homoenergetic match;
the number of the second clamping columns (93) is four, the four second clamping columns (93) are respectively arranged at the top end of the shell (91) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, the second clamping columns (93) are matched with the first clamping grooves (7), the length of the second clamping columns (93) is equal to the distance from the top end of an inner cavity of the fixed ring (6) to the bottom end of the electromagnet (5), and the second clamping columns (93) are made of iron;
the bottom end of the first rotating rod (96) is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the shell (91) through a bearing;
the mounting head (94) is arranged at the top end of the first rotating rod (96), the mounting head (94) is matched with the inner cavity of the first rotating rod (11), and a plurality of third clamping grooves (95) matched with the first clamping columns (14) are formed in the top end of the mounting head (94) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
the driving conical gear (97) is sleeved on the top of the outer wall of the first rotating rod (96) and locked through a jackscrew;
the steering mechanism (9) further comprises:
the upper end and the lower end of the left side of the supporting frame (98) are respectively sleeved on the upper side and the lower side of the outer wall of the first rotating rod (96) in a rotatable manner through bearings;
the outer wall of the second rotating rod (99) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the right side of the supporting frame (98) through a bearing;
the driven conical gear (910) is sleeved on the left side of the outer wall of the second rotating rod (99) and locked by a jackscrew, and the driven conical gear (910) is meshed with the driving conical gear (97);
the middle part of the left side of the second rotating rod (911) is arranged at the right end of the second rotating rod (99), a plurality of third extrusion grooves (912) are formed in the right side of the second rotating rod (911) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of fourth extrusion grooves (915) are formed in the left part of the inner cavity of the second rotating rod (911) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the inner cavity of the second rotating rod (911) is identical with the inner cavity of the first rotating rod (11);
the third spring (913) is embedded in the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove (912), and the left end of the third spring (913) is clamped on the left embedded side of the third extrusion groove (912);
the left end of the third clamping column (914) is embedded in the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove (912), the right end of the third spring (913) is clamped at the left end of the third clamping column (914), the right end of the third clamping column (914) extends out of the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove (912), and the third clamping column (914) is identical to the first clamping column (14);
the fourth spring (916), the said fourth spring (916) is embedded in the inner chamber of the fourth extrusion groove (915), the outer end of the said fourth spring (916) is clamped in the outer side of inner chamber of the fourth extrusion groove (915);
the second clamping ball (917), a part of the second clamping ball (917) is embedded in the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion groove (915), the inner end of the fourth spring (916) is clamped on the outer wall of the second clamping ball (917), and the second clamping ball (917) is identical to the first clamping ball (17);
a second electric telescopic rod (918), wherein the second electric telescopic rod (918) is arranged at the left side of the inner cavity of the second rotating rod (911);
the steering mechanism (9) further comprises:
a collar (919), the collar (919) being fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating rod (911);
the sliding columns (920), the number of the sliding columns (920) is two, the two sliding columns (920) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the collar (919), the two sliding columns (920) are respectively and slidably inserted into the inner cavities of the two sliding grooves (92) in a matching way, and the bottom ends of the sliding columns (920) positioned below extend out of the bottom ends of the sliding grooves (92) positioned below;
the third motor (921) is connected to the middle of the bottom end of the shell (91) through screws;
the second connecting rod (922) is locked at the output end of the third motor (921) through a coupler, and the top end of the second connecting rod (922) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the shell (91) through a bearing;
the rotating plate (923), the rotating plate (923) sets up in the outer wall middle part of second connecting rod (922), the outer end of rotating plate (923) is rotatably cup jointed in the outer wall of slide column (920) that is located the below through the bearing.
2. The automatic spindle head switching mechanism for a gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein: the storage mechanism (8) includes:
the second motor (81) is connected to the front right side of the gantry machining center main body (1) through screws, and the position of the second motor (81) corresponds to the position of the inner cavity center of the accommodating cavity (2);
the first connecting rod (82) is locked at the output end of the second motor (81) through a coupler, and the left end of the first connecting rod (82) extends into the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity (2);
the left end and the right end of the first screw rod (83) are respectively rotatably arranged at the front ends of the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity (2) through bearings, and threads on the outer wall of the first screw rod (83) are bilaterally symmetrical with the center of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity (2);
the left end and the right end of the second screw rod (84) are respectively rotatably arranged at the rear ends of the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity (2) through bearings, and threads on the outer wall of the second screw rod (84) are bilaterally symmetrical with the center of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity (2);
the two first chain wheels (85) are sleeved on the outer wall of the first connecting rod (82) and the right side of the outer wall of the first screw rod (83) respectively, and are locked through jackscrews;
the two ends of the first chain (86) are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the two first chain wheels (85);
the number of the second chain wheels (87) is two, and the two second chain wheels (87) are sleeved on the outer wall of the first connecting rod (82) and the right side of the outer wall of the second screw rod (84) respectively and are locked through jackscrews;
the two ends of the second chain (88) are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the two second chain wheels (87);
the number of the moving blocks (89) is four, and the four moving blocks (89) are respectively in threaded connection with the left side and the right side of the outer walls of the first screw rod (83) and the second screw rod (84);
the two storage plates (810) are arranged, the front ends and the rear ends of the inner sides of the two storage plates (810) are respectively rotatably arranged at the top ends of the four moving blocks (89) through pin shafts, the top ends of the storage plates (810) are provided with a plurality of storage grooves (811), and the spindle tool bit (19) is in fit connection with the inner cavities of the storage grooves (811);
the number of the connecting rods (813) is four, the bottom ends of the four connecting rods (813) are rotatably arranged on four sides of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the containing cavity (2) through pin shafts respectively, and the inner sides of the top ends of the four connecting rods (813) are rotatably arranged on the front side and the rear side of the two storage plates (810) through pin shafts respectively.
3. The automatic spindle head switching mechanism for a gantry machining center according to claim 2, wherein: the middle part of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the storage groove (811) is provided with an inserting rod (812), and the inserting rod (812) is inserted into the inner cavity of the slot (20) in a matching way.
4. A gantry machining center spindle head automatic switching mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: the length of the inner cavity of the first extrusion groove (12) is longer than that of the first clamping column (14), and the first clamping ball (17) can completely move into the inner cavity of the second extrusion groove (15).
5. The automatic transfer mechanism for a spindle head of a gantry machining center according to claim 4, wherein: the length of the inner cavity of the third extrusion groove (912) is longer than the length of the third clamping column (914), and the second clamping ball (917) can completely move into the inner cavity of the fourth extrusion groove (915).
CN202311489433.3A 2023-11-10 2023-11-10 Automatic conversion mechanism for main shaft head of gantry machining center Active CN117226160B (en)

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GB1166194A (en) * 1967-04-24 1969-10-08 Monarch Machine Tool Co Improvements in or relating to Machine Tools
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