CN117049848B - Preparation method of pervious concrete - Google Patents
Preparation method of pervious concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN117049848B CN117049848B CN202311321635.7A CN202311321635A CN117049848B CN 117049848 B CN117049848 B CN 117049848B CN 202311321635 A CN202311321635 A CN 202311321635A CN 117049848 B CN117049848 B CN 117049848B
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- ball milling
- mass ratio
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- deionized water
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 38
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960002969 oleic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001777 castor oil Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940014259 gelatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011083 sodium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001797 sucrose acetate isobutyrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010983 sucrose acetate isobutyrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- UVGUPMLLGBCFEJ-SWTLDUCYSA-N sucrose acetate isobutyrate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](COC(=O)C(C)C)O[C@@]1(COC(C)=O)O[C@@H]1[C@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1 UVGUPMLLGBCFEJ-SWTLDUCYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 47
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of permeable concrete, belonging to the technical field of concrete; the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a composite material, preparing a fiber reinforcing agent and mixing materials; the preparation of the fiber reinforcing agent comprises the steps of soaking basalt fibers in sodium hydroxide solution, washing and drying, adding deionized water and vinyltrimethoxysilane for reaction, soaking in a soaking solution for 13-17min at the soaking temperature of 30-34 ℃, then placing in microwave closed equipment, controlling the pressure to be 0.30-0.32MPa, the microwave power to be 206-214W, the microwave frequency to be 65-71kHz, the microwave treatment time to be 11-15min, rapidly releasing pressure to normal pressure within 0.1-0.3s after the microwave treatment is finished, and drying; the pervious concrete prepared by the method has good water permeability and high strength performance, and has excellent strength retention performance after being soaked in a saline solution and irradiated by ultraviolet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete, and particularly relates to a preparation method of permeable concrete.
Background
Pervious concrete, also called porous concrete, non-sand concrete and pervious terrace; is a porous lightweight concrete prepared by mixing aggregate, cement, reinforcing agent and water, and does not contain fine aggregate; the permeable concrete can enable rainwater to flow into the ground, effectively supplement groundwater, relieve some urban environment problems such as rapid drop of urban groundwater level, and effectively eliminate harm of oil compounds and the like on the ground to environmental pollution, is beneficial to benign development of human living environment, urban rainwater management, water pollution prevention and control and other works, and has special significance.
The permeable concrete prepared by the prior art generally improves the water permeability, but the pores inside the concrete are unevenly distributed, so that the strength is low, the strength loss after being soaked in a saline solution at low temperature is more, and the service life is greatly shortened.
Therefore, the preparation method of the pervious concrete is provided, the strength performance is enhanced, the strength loss after being soaked in the saline solution at low temperature is reduced, and meanwhile, the water permeability is ensured, so that the technical problem to be solved in the prior art is urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of permeable concrete, which can enhance the strength performance, reduce the strength loss after being soaked in a low-temperature salt solution and ensure the water permeability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
1. preparation of composite materials
(1) Modified vermiculite powder
Soaking vermiculite powder in hydrogen peroxide solution for 37-43min, washing and drying, then roasting at 216-224 ℃ for 1.0-1.2h, reducing the temperature to room temperature after roasting is finished, mixing with deionized water, adding xanthan gum and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, heating to 46-50 ℃ at 0.1-0.3 ℃/min, stirring for 13-17min, then adding sucrose acetate isobutyrate, mannitol and sodium citrate, heating to 65-69 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-0.7 ℃/min, stirring for 16-20min, stirring at the speed of 237-263rpm, and drying after stirring is finished to obtain modified vermiculite powder;
the grain diameter of the vermiculite powder is 3.5-3.9mm, and SiO 2 The mass content is 38-40%, al 2 O 3 The mass content is 13-15%;
the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 26-30%;
the mass ratio of the vermiculite powder to the hydrogen peroxide is 1:4-6;
(2) Composite material
Mixing modified vermiculite powder, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, then carrying out low-temperature plasma treatment for 34-40s with treatment power of 252-268W and treatment frequency of 20-24kHz, adding deionized water, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, ethyl cellulose and complexing agent for ball milling treatment after the low-temperature plasma treatment is finished, wherein the ball milling time is 23-27min, the ball milling rotating speed is 106-114rpm, the ball material ratio is 2-6:1, the ball milling temperature is 10-14 ℃, and the composite material is prepared after the ball milling is finished;
the mass ratio of the modified vermiculite powder, the aluminum oxide, the calcium carbonate, the deionized water, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, the ethyl cellulose and the complexing agent is 16-24:2-4:3-5:110-120:1.2-1.6:1.6-2.0:1.0-1.4;
the complexing agent consists of gelatin, castor oil, oleic acid, hyaluronic acid and xylitol, wherein the mass ratio of the gelatin to the castor oil to the oleic acid to the hyaluronic acid to the xylitol is 1.2-1.4:0.6-0.8:0.4-0.6:0.5-0.7:0.8-1.2.
2. Preparation of fiber reinforcement
Soaking basalt fiber in sodium hydroxide solution for 15-19min, washing and drying, adding deionized water and vinyl trimethoxy silane, reacting for 38-42min at 70-74 ℃, soaking in soaking solution for 13-17min at 30-34 ℃ after the reaction is completed, placing in microwave closed equipment after the soaking is completed, controlling the pressure to 0.30-0.32MPa, controlling the microwave power to 206-214W, controlling the microwave frequency to 65-71kHz, controlling the microwave treatment time to 11-15min, rapidly releasing pressure to normal pressure within 0.1-0.3s after the microwave treatment is completed, and drying to obtain the fiber reinforcing agent;
the basalt fiber has a length of 6.0-6.4mm and a diameter of 5.0-5.4 mu m;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 22-26%;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.1-1.3:5.5-5.9;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the deionized water to the vinyl trimethoxy silane to the impregnating solution is 16-20:40-44:0.6-0.8:145-155;
the preparation method of the impregnating solution comprises the steps of mixing deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocamide and glycerin, firstly placing the mixture at 43-47 ℃ for heat treatment for 14-16min, then placing the mixture at 2.2-2.6 ℃ for standing for 25-29min, and naturally recovering the mixture to room temperature after standing is completed to prepare the impregnating solution;
in the preparation method of the impregnating solution, the mass ratio of deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocoamide and glycerin is 68-73:1.0-1.2:1.4-1.6:0.7-0.9:1.0-1.3.
3. Mixing material
(1) Fly ash pretreatment
Soaking the fly ash in sodium hydroxide solution for 43-47min, drying after soaking, adding magnesium stearate, lecithin and dimethyl silicone oil for low-temperature high-frequency ball milling treatment, wherein a low-temperature medium is liquid nitrogen, the ball milling time is 18-24min, the ball milling frequency is 34-38Hz, the ball milling temperature is-2.5-2.1 ℃, and the temperature is increased to room temperature at 0.2-0.4 ℃/min after ball milling treatment, so as to complete the pretreatment step of the fly ash, and the pretreated fly ash is prepared;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 14-18%;
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium hydroxide solution to the magnesium stearate to the lecithin to the dimethyl silicone oil is 10-14:44-50:1.0-1.2:0.3-0.5:0.6-0.8;
(2) Mixing
Mixing cement, coarse aggregate, pretreated fly ash and composite material, stirring for 4-6min at 170-180rpm, preparing primary mixture after stirring, mixing with nano silicon dioxide, water reducer and fiber reinforcing agent, stirring for 2-4min, spraying treatment liquid after stirring, and preparing permeable concrete after spraying;
the mass ratio of the cement, the coarse aggregate, the pretreated fly ash, the composite material, the nano silicon dioxide, the water reducer, the fiber reinforcing agent and the treatment fluid is 34.5-35.1:102-106:9.3-9.7:31.8-32.4:1.2-1.4:2.2-2.4:10.7-11.1:17.6-18.0;
the cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement;
the coarse aggregate is a mixture of granite broken stone and ceramsite, and the mass ratio of the granite broken stone to the ceramsite is 1:0.5-0.7;
the granite broken stone has a particle size of 5.7-5.9mm and a bulk density of 1718-1722kg/m 3 ；
The ceramsite has a particle diameter of 6.3-6.5mm and a bulk density of 914-916kg/m 3 ；
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer;
the preparation method of the treatment liquid comprises the steps of uniformly mixing deionized water, magnesium chloride, polyacrylamide, sodium alginate and polyethylene glycol, firstly preheating for 9-11min at 40-42 ℃, and then heat-treating for 13-17min at 66-70 ℃ to obtain the treatment liquid;
the mass ratio of the deionized water to the magnesium chloride to the polyacrylamide to the sodium alginate to the polyethylene glycol is 70-74:1.0-1.2:1.2-1.4:0.7-0.9:1.4-1.8.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the specific method is adopted to pretreat the fly ash, so that the specific surface area of the fly ash is increased, the activity of the fly ash is improved, the dispersion uniformity of the fly ash is ensured, and the workability of the concrete mixture is improved;
the composite material prepared by adopting the specific method has good specific surface area and pores, also has good structural strength, is compounded with a specific fiber reinforcing agent, improves the compatibility with other components, and has the advantages of uniform pore distribution, stable internal structure, good water permeability and excellent strength performance after being soaked in a low temperature salt solution and irradiated by ultraviolet, along with the concrete prepared by combining the composite material with technical means such as specific pretreated fly ash;
2. the permeable concrete prepared by the method has a water permeability coefficient of 16.0-16.5mm/s (CJJ/T135-2009), a 7d compressive strength of 73.2-75.9MPa, a 7d flexural strength of 25.3-27.0MPa, a 28d compressive strength of 77.5-79.8MPa (GB/T50081-2002), and a 28d flexural strength of 27.1-28.6MPa (GB/T50081-2002);
3. the permeable concrete prepared by the method of the invention is placed at the temperature of minus 50 ℃ for standing for 10 days, the compressive strength is 76.0-79.0MPa, and the flexural strength is 26.6-28.3MPa;
soaking in 40% sodium chloride solution for 10d, wherein the compressive strength is 75.7-78.5MPa, and the flexural strength is 26.3-28.1MPa;
is placed under the condition that the ultraviolet intensity is 1500 mu w/cm 2 Standing for 10d at 60deg.C, and has compressive strength of 75.1-78.0MPa and flexural strength of 26.1-27.9MPa.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described.
Example 1 preparation method of permeable concrete
1. Preparation of composite materials
(1) Modified vermiculite powder
Soaking vermiculite powder in hydrogen peroxide solution for 40min, washing, drying, roasting at 220 ℃ for 1.1h, cooling to room temperature after roasting is finished, mixing with deionized water, adding xanthan gum and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, heating to 48 ℃ at 0.2 ℃/min, stirring for 15min, adding sucrose acetate isobutyrate, mannitol and sodium citrate, heating to 67 ℃ at the rate of 0.6 ℃/min, stirring for 18min, stirring at the rotation speed of 250rpm, and drying after stirring is finished to obtain modified vermiculite powder;
the grain diameter of the vermiculite powder is 3.7mm, and SiO 2 The mass content is 39%, al 2 O 3 The mass content is 14%;
the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 28%;
the mass ratio of the vermiculite powder to the hydrogen peroxide is 1:5;
(2) Composite material
Mixing modified vermiculite powder, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, then performing low-temperature plasma treatment for 37 seconds with a treatment power of 260W and a treatment frequency of 22kHz, adding deionized water, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, ethyl cellulose and complexing agent for ball milling treatment after the low-temperature plasma treatment is finished, wherein the ball milling time is 25 minutes, the ball milling rotating speed is 110rpm, the ball material ratio is 4:1, the ball milling temperature is 12 ℃, and the composite material is prepared after the ball milling is finished;
the mass ratio of the modified vermiculite powder to the alumina to the calcium carbonate to the deionized water to the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to the ethyl cellulose to the complexing agent is 20:3:4:116:1.4:1.8:1.2;
the complexing agent consists of gelatin, castor oil, oleic acid, hyaluronic acid and xylitol, wherein the mass ratio of the gelatin to the castor oil to the oleic acid to the hyaluronic acid to the xylitol is 1.3:0.7:0.5:0.6:1.0.
2. Preparation of fiber reinforcement
Soaking basalt fibers in a sodium hydroxide solution for 17min, washing and drying, adding deionized water and vinyl trimethoxy silane, reacting for 40min at a reaction temperature of 72 ℃, soaking in a soaking solution for 15min at a soaking temperature of 32 ℃, placing in a microwave closed device after soaking, controlling the pressure to be 0.31MPa, controlling the microwave power to be 210W, controlling the microwave frequency to be 68kHz, controlling the microwave treatment time to be 13min, rapidly releasing pressure to normal pressure within 0.2s after microwave treatment, and drying to obtain a fiber reinforcing agent;
the length of the basalt fiber is 6.2mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 5.2 mu m;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 24%;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.2:5.7;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the deionized water to the vinyl trimethoxy silane to the impregnating solution is 18:42:0.7:150;
the preparation method of the impregnating solution comprises the steps of mixing deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocamide and glycerin, firstly, performing heat treatment at 45 ℃ for 15min, then, standing at 2.4 ℃ for 27min, and naturally recovering to room temperature after standing is finished to prepare the impregnating solution;
in the preparation method of the impregnating solution, the mass ratio of deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocoamide and glycerin is 70:1.1:1.5:0.8:1.2.
3. Mixing material
(1) Fly ash pretreatment
Soaking the fly ash in sodium hydroxide solution for 45min, drying after soaking, adding magnesium stearate, lecithin and dimethyl silicone oil for low-temperature high-frequency ball milling treatment, wherein the low-temperature medium is liquid nitrogen, the ball milling time is 21min, the ball milling frequency is 36Hz, the ball milling temperature is-2.3 ℃, and the temperature is increased to room temperature at 0.3 ℃/min after ball milling treatment, so that the pre-treatment step of the fly ash is completed, and the pretreated fly ash is prepared;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 16%;
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium hydroxide solution to the magnesium stearate to the lecithin to the dimethyl silicone oil is 12:47:1.1:0.4:0.7;
(2) Mixing
Mixing cement, coarse aggregate, pretreated fly ash and composite material, stirring for 5min at 175rpm, preparing a primary mixture after stirring, mixing with nano silicon dioxide, a water reducing agent and a fiber reinforcing agent, stirring for 3min, spraying treatment liquid after stirring, and preparing the permeable concrete after spraying;
the mass ratio of the cement, the coarse aggregate, the pretreated fly ash, the composite material, the nano silicon dioxide, the water reducer, the fiber reinforcing agent and the treatment fluid is 34.8:104:9.5:32.1:1.3:2.3:10.9:17.8;
the cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement;
the coarse aggregate is a mixture of granite broken stone and ceramsite, and the mass ratio of the granite broken stone to the ceramsite is 1:0.6;
the granite broken stone has a grain diameter of 5.8mm and a bulk density of 1720kg/m 3 ；
The ceramsite has a particle diameter of 6.4mm and a bulk density of 915kg/m 3 ；
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer;
the preparation method of the treatment liquid comprises the steps of uniformly mixing deionized water, magnesium chloride, polyacrylamide, sodium alginate and polyethylene glycol, firstly preheating for 10min at 41 ℃, and then performing heat treatment for 15min at 68 ℃ to obtain the treatment liquid;
the mass ratio of deionized water to magnesium chloride to polyacrylamide to sodium alginate to polyethylene glycol is 72:1.1:1.3:0.8:1.6.
Example 2 preparation method of permeable concrete
1. Preparation of composite materials
(1) Modified vermiculite powder
Soaking vermiculite powder in hydrogen peroxide solution for 37min, washing, drying, roasting at 216 ℃ for 1.2h, cooling to room temperature after roasting is finished, mixing with deionized water, adding xanthan gum and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, heating to 46 ℃ at 0.1 ℃/min, stirring for 17min, adding sucrose acetate isobutyrate, mannitol and sodium citrate, heating to 65 ℃ at the rate of 0.5 ℃/min, stirring for 20min, stirring at the speed of 237rpm, and drying after stirring is finished to obtain modified vermiculite powder;
the grain diameter of the vermiculite powder is 3.5mm, and SiO 2 The mass content is 38%, al 2 O 3 The mass content is 13%;
the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 26%;
the mass ratio of the vermiculite powder to the hydrogen peroxide is 1:4;
(2) Composite material
Mixing modified vermiculite powder, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, then carrying out low-temperature plasma treatment for 34s with the treatment power of 252W and the treatment frequency of 20kHz, adding deionized water, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, ethyl cellulose and complexing agent for ball milling treatment after the low-temperature plasma treatment is finished, wherein the ball milling time is 27min, the ball milling rotating speed is 106rpm, the ball material ratio is 2:1, the ball milling temperature is 10 ℃, and the composite material is prepared after the ball milling is finished;
the mass ratio of the modified vermiculite powder to the alumina to the calcium carbonate to the deionized water to the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to the ethyl cellulose to the complexing agent is 16:2:3:110:1.2:1.6:1.0;
the complexing agent consists of gelatin, castor oil, oleic acid, hyaluronic acid and xylitol, wherein the mass ratio of the gelatin to the castor oil to the oleic acid to the hyaluronic acid to the xylitol is 1.2:0.6:0.4:0.5:0.8.
2. Preparation of fiber reinforcement
Soaking basalt fibers in a sodium hydroxide solution for 15min, washing and drying, adding deionized water and vinyl trimethoxy silane, reacting for 38min at a reaction temperature of 70 ℃, soaking in a soaking solution for 13min at a soaking temperature of 30 ℃, placing in a microwave closed device after soaking, controlling the pressure to be 0.30MPa, controlling the microwave power to be 206W, controlling the microwave frequency to be 65kHz, controlling the microwave treatment time to be 11min, rapidly releasing pressure to normal pressure within 0.1s after microwave treatment, and drying to obtain a fiber reinforcing agent;
the length of the basalt fiber is 6.0mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 5.0 mu m;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 22%;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.1:5.5;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the deionized water to the vinyl trimethoxy silane to the impregnating solution is 16:40:0.6:145;
the preparation method of the impregnating solution comprises the steps of mixing deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocamide and glycerin, firstly, placing the mixture at 43 ℃ for heat treatment for 16min, then placing the mixture at 2.2 ℃ for standing for 29min, and naturally recovering the mixture to room temperature after standing is completed to prepare the impregnating solution;
in the preparation method of the impregnating solution, the mass ratio of deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocoamide and glycerin is 68:1.0:1.4:0.7:1.0.
3. Mixing material
(1) Fly ash pretreatment
Soaking the fly ash in sodium hydroxide solution for 43min, drying after soaking, adding magnesium stearate, lecithin and dimethyl silicone oil for low-temperature high-frequency ball milling treatment, wherein the low-temperature medium is liquid nitrogen, the ball milling time is 18min, the ball milling frequency is 34Hz, the ball milling temperature is-2.5 ℃, and the temperature is increased to room temperature at 0.2 ℃/min after ball milling treatment, so that the pre-treatment step of the fly ash is completed, and the pretreated fly ash is prepared;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 14%;
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium hydroxide solution to the magnesium stearate to the lecithin to the dimethyl silicone oil is 10:44:1.0:0.3:0.6;
(2) Mixing
Mixing cement, coarse aggregate, pretreated fly ash and composite material, stirring for 4min at 170rpm, preparing a primary mixture after stirring, mixing with nano silicon dioxide, a water reducing agent and a fiber reinforcing agent, stirring for 2min, spraying treatment liquid after stirring, and preparing the permeable concrete after spraying;
the mass ratio of the cement, the coarse aggregate, the pretreated fly ash, the composite material, the nano silicon dioxide, the water reducer, the fiber reinforcing agent and the treatment fluid is 34.5:102:9.3:31.8:1.2:2.2:10.7:17.6;
the cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement;
the coarse aggregate is a mixture of granite broken stone and ceramsite, and the mass ratio of the granite broken stone to the ceramsite is 1:0.5;
the granite broken stone has the particle diameter of 5.7mm and the bulk density of 1718kg/m 3 ；
The ceramsite has a particle diameter of 6.3mm and a bulk density of 914kg/m 3 ；
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer;
the preparation method of the treatment liquid comprises the steps of uniformly mixing deionized water, magnesium chloride, polyacrylamide, sodium alginate and polyethylene glycol, firstly preheating for 11min at 40 ℃, and then heat-treating for 17min at 66 ℃ to obtain the treatment liquid;
the mass ratio of deionized water to magnesium chloride to polyacrylamide to sodium alginate to polyethylene glycol is 70:1.0:1.2:0.7:1.4.
Example 3 preparation method of permeable concrete
1. Preparation of composite materials
(1) Modified vermiculite powder
Soaking vermiculite powder in hydrogen peroxide solution for 43min, washing, drying, roasting at 224 ℃ for 1.0h, cooling to room temperature after roasting is finished, mixing with deionized water, adding xanthan gum and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, heating to 50 ℃ at 0.3 ℃/min, stirring for 13min, adding sucrose acetate isobutyrate, mannitol and sodium citrate, heating to 69 ℃ at the rate of 0.7 ℃/min, stirring for 16min, stirring at 263rpm, and drying after stirring is finished to obtain modified vermiculite powder;
the grain diameter of the vermiculite powder is 3.9mm, and SiO 2 40% by mass of Al 2 O 3 The mass content is 15%;
the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 30%;
the mass ratio of the vermiculite powder to the hydrogen peroxide is 1:6;
(2) Composite material
Mixing modified vermiculite powder, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, then carrying out low-temperature plasma treatment for 40s with the treatment power of 268W and the treatment frequency of 24kHz, adding deionized water, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, ethyl cellulose and complexing agent for ball milling treatment after the low-temperature plasma treatment is finished, wherein the ball milling time is 23min, the ball milling rotating speed is 114rpm, the ball material ratio is 6:1, the ball milling temperature is 14 ℃, and the composite material is prepared after the ball milling is finished;
the mass ratio of the modified vermiculite powder to the alumina to the calcium carbonate to the deionized water to the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to the ethyl cellulose to the complexing agent is 24:4:5:120:1.6:2.0:1.4;
the complexing agent consists of gelatin, castor oil, oleic acid, hyaluronic acid and xylitol, wherein the mass ratio of the gelatin to the castor oil to the oleic acid to the hyaluronic acid to the xylitol is 1.4:0.8:0.6:0.7:1.2.
2. Preparation of fiber reinforcement
Soaking basalt fibers in a sodium hydroxide solution for 19min, washing and drying, adding deionized water and vinyl trimethoxy silane, reacting for 42min at a reaction temperature of 74 ℃, soaking in a soaking solution for 17min at a soaking temperature of 34 ℃, placing in a microwave closed device after soaking, controlling the pressure to be 0.32MPa, controlling the microwave power to be 214W, controlling the microwave frequency to be 71kHz, controlling the microwave treatment time to be 15min, rapidly releasing pressure to normal pressure within 0.3s after microwave treatment, and drying to obtain a fiber reinforcing agent;
the length of the basalt fiber is 6.4mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 5.4 mu m;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 26%;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.3:5.9;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the deionized water to the vinyl trimethoxy silane to the impregnating solution is 20:44:0.8:155;
the preparation method of the impregnating solution comprises the steps of mixing deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocamide and glycerin, firstly, placing the mixture at 47 ℃ for heat treatment for 14min, then placing the mixture at 2.6 ℃ for standing for 25min, and naturally recovering the mixture to room temperature after standing is completed to prepare the impregnating solution;
in the preparation method of the impregnating solution, the mass ratio of deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocoamide and glycerin is 73:1.2:1.6:0.9:1.3.
3. Mixing material
(1) Fly ash pretreatment
Soaking the fly ash in sodium hydroxide solution for 47min, drying after soaking, adding magnesium stearate, lecithin and dimethyl silicone oil for low-temperature high-frequency ball milling treatment, wherein the low-temperature medium is liquid nitrogen, the ball milling time is 24min, the ball milling frequency is 38Hz, the ball milling temperature is-2.1 ℃, and the temperature is increased to room temperature at 0.4 ℃/min after ball milling treatment, so that the pre-treatment step of the fly ash is completed, and the pretreated fly ash is prepared;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 18%;
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium hydroxide solution to the magnesium stearate to the lecithin to the dimethyl silicone oil is 14:50:1.2:0.5:0.8;
(2) Mixing
Mixing cement, coarse aggregate, pretreated fly ash and composite material, stirring for 6min at a stirring speed of 180rpm, preparing a primary mixture after stirring, mixing with nano silicon dioxide, a water reducing agent and a fiber reinforcing agent, stirring for 4min, spraying treatment liquid after stirring, and preparing the permeable concrete after spraying;
the mass ratio of the cement, the coarse aggregate, the pretreated fly ash, the composite material, the nano silicon dioxide, the water reducer, the fiber reinforcing agent and the treatment fluid is 35.1:106:9.7:32.4:1.4:2.4:11.1:18.0;
the cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement;
the coarse aggregate is a mixture of granite broken stone and ceramsite, and the mass ratio of the granite broken stone to the ceramsite is 1:0.7;
the granite broken stone has the grain diameter of 5.9mm and the bulk density of 1722kg/m 3 ；
The ceramsite has a particle size of 6.5mm and a bulk density of 916kg/m 3 ；
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer;
the preparation method of the treatment liquid comprises the steps of uniformly mixing deionized water, magnesium chloride, polyacrylamide, sodium alginate and polyethylene glycol, firstly preheating for 9min at 42 ℃, and then carrying out heat treatment for 13min at 70 ℃ to obtain the treatment liquid;
the mass ratio of deionized water to magnesium chloride to polyacrylamide to sodium alginate to polyethylene glycol is 74:1.2:1.4:0.9:1.8.
Comparative example 1
Based on example 1, except that the preparation step of the fiber reinforcement was omitted, basalt fiber which had not been subjected to any treatment was directly used, and the rest of the operations were the same.
Comparative example 2
Based on the embodiment 1, the preparation method of the composite material is that the composite material is prepared by uniformly mixing vermiculite powder, alumina and calcium carbonate, wherein the mass ratio of the vermiculite powder to the alumina to the calcium carbonate is 20:3:4, and the rest operations are the same.
Comparative example 3
The modification is that in the mixing step, the pretreatment step of fly ash is omitted, fly ash which is not subjected to any treatment is directly adopted, the treatment liquid is replaced by deionized water, and the rest operations are the same.
Performance detection
The pervious concretes prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were subjected to performance test, the coefficient of water permeability was tested according to CJJ/T135-2009 technical Specification for pervious Cement concrete pavement, and the compressive strength and flexural strength were tested according to GB/T50081-2002 test method for mechanical Properties of ordinary concrete, and the specific results were as follows:
1. basic Properties
2. Low temperature resistance
Placing the test piece after curing for 28d at the temperature of minus 50 ℃ for standing for 10d, wherein the strength performance is as follows:
3. salt soaking resistance
The test piece after curing for 28d is placed in 40% sodium chloride solution for soaking for 10d, and the strength performance is as follows:
4. irradiation resistance
Placing the test piece after curing for 28 days in a condition that the ultraviolet intensity is 1500 mu w/cm 2 The product is kept stand for 10 days in an environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and has the following strength performance:
the proportions described in the invention are mass proportions, and the percentages are mass percentages unless otherwise specified.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the pervious concrete is characterized by comprising the steps of preparing a composite material, preparing a fiber reinforcing agent and mixing;
the preparation of the composite material comprises a modified vermiculite powder and a compounding step;
the mixing step comprises a fly ash pretreatment and mixing step;
immersing vermiculite powder in hydrogen peroxide solution for 37-43min, washing and drying, then roasting at 216-224 ℃ for 1.0-1.2h, cooling to room temperature after roasting, mixing with deionized water, adding xanthan gum and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, heating to 46-50 ℃ at 0.1-0.3 ℃/min, stirring for 13-17min, adding sucrose acetate isobutyrate, mannitol and sodium citrate, heating to 65-69 ℃ at 0.5-0.7 ℃/min, stirring for 16-20min, stirring at 237-263rpm, and drying after stirring to obtain modified vermiculite powder;
mixing modified vermiculite powder, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, then carrying out low-temperature plasma treatment, adding deionized water, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, ethyl cellulose and complexing agent for ball milling treatment after the treatment is finished, and preparing a composite material after the ball milling treatment is finished;
the complexing agent consists of gelatin, castor oil, oleic acid, hyaluronic acid and xylitol, wherein the mass ratio of the gelatin to the castor oil to the oleic acid to the hyaluronic acid to the xylitol is 1.2-1.4:0.6-0.8:0.4-0.6:0.5-0.7:0.8-1.2;
the preparation method of the fiber reinforcing agent comprises the steps of soaking basalt fibers in sodium hydroxide solution for 15-19min, washing and drying, adding deionized water and vinyl trimethoxy silane, reacting for 38-42min, wherein the reaction temperature is 70-74 ℃, immersing in an immersion liquid for 13-17min, the immersion temperature is 30-34 ℃, immersing in microwave sealing equipment, controlling the pressure to be 0.30-0.32MPa, the microwave power to be 206-214W, the microwave frequency to be 65-71kHz, the microwave treatment time to be 11-15min, rapidly releasing pressure to normal pressure within 0.1-0.3s after microwave treatment, and drying to obtain the fiber reinforcing agent;
the preparation method of the impregnating solution comprises the steps of mixing deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocamide and glycerin, firstly placing the mixture at 43-47 ℃ for heat treatment for 14-16min, then placing the mixture at 2.2-2.6 ℃ for standing for 25-29min, and naturally recovering the mixture to room temperature after standing is completed to prepare the impregnating solution;
the fly ash pretreatment step comprises the steps of immersing the fly ash in sodium hydroxide solution for 43-47min, drying after the immersion, adding magnesium stearate, lecithin and dimethyl silicone oil for low-temperature high-frequency ball milling treatment, wherein a low-temperature medium is liquid nitrogen, the ball milling time is 18-24min, the ball milling frequency is 34-38Hz, the ball milling temperature is-2.5-2.1 ℃, and the temperature is increased to room temperature by 0.2-0.4 ℃/min after the ball milling treatment, so that the pretreatment step of the fly ash is completed, and the pretreated fly ash is prepared;
mixing cement, coarse aggregate, pretreated fly ash and a composite material, stirring for 4-6min at a stirring speed of 170-180rpm to obtain a primary mixture after stirring, mixing the primary mixture with nano silicon dioxide, a water reducing agent and a fiber reinforcing agent, stirring for 2-4min, spraying a treatment fluid after stirring, and obtaining the permeable concrete after spraying;
the preparation method of the treatment liquid comprises the steps of uniformly mixing deionized water, magnesium chloride, polyacrylamide, sodium alginate and polyethylene glycol, firstly preheating for 9-11min at 40-42 ℃, and then heat-treating for 13-17min at 66-70 ℃ to obtain the treatment liquid.
2. The method for preparing permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein,
in the step of modifying the vermiculite powder, the particle size of the vermiculite powder is 3.5-3.9mm, and SiO 2 The mass content is 38-40%, al 2 O 3 The mass content is 13-15%;
the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 26-30%;
the mass ratio of the vermiculite powder to the hydrogen peroxide is 1:4-6.
3. The method for preparing permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein,
in the compounding step, the low-temperature plasma treatment is carried out for 34-40s, the treatment power is 252-268W, and the treatment frequency is 20-24kHz;
the ball milling treatment is carried out for 23-27min, the ball milling rotating speed is 106-114rpm, the ball-material ratio is 2-6:1, and the ball milling temperature is 10-14 ℃.
4. The method for preparing permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein,
in the compounding step, the mass ratio of the modified vermiculite powder, the alumina, the calcium carbonate, the deionized water, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, the ethyl cellulose and the complexing agent is 16-24:2-4:3-5:110-120:1.2-1.6:1.6-2.0:1.0-1.4.
5. The method for preparing permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein,
in the step of preparing the fiber reinforcing agent, the basalt fiber has the length of 6.0-6.4mm and the diameter of 5.0-5.4 mu m;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 22-26%;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.1-1.3:5.5-5.9;
the mass ratio of the basalt fiber to the deionized water to the vinyl trimethoxy silane to the impregnating solution is 16-20:40-44:0.6-0.8:145-155.
6. The method for preparing permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein,
in the preparation method of the impregnating solution, the mass ratio of deionized water, glucose, sorbitol, cocoamide and glycerin is 68-73:1.0-1.2:1.4-1.6:0.7-0.9:1.0-1.3.
7. The method for preparing permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein,
in the fly ash pretreatment step, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 14-18%;
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium hydroxide solution to the magnesium stearate to the lecithin to the dimethyl silicone oil is 10-14:44-50:1.0-1.2:0.3-0.5:0.6-0.8.
8. The method for preparing permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein,
in the mixing step, the mass ratio of the cement, the coarse aggregate, the pretreated fly ash, the composite material, the nano silicon dioxide, the water reducer, the fiber reinforcement agent and the treatment fluid is 34.5-35.1:102-106:9.3-9.7:31.8-32.4:1.2-1.4:2.2-2.4:10.7-11.1:17.6-18.0.
9. The method for preparing permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein,
in the mixing step, the cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement;
the coarse aggregate is a mixture of granite broken stone and ceramsite, and the mass ratio of the granite broken stone to the ceramsite is 1:0.5-0.7;
the granite broken stone has a particle size of 5.7-5.9mm and a bulk density of 1718-1722kg/m 3 ；
The ceramsite has a particle diameter of 6.3-6.5mm and a bulk density of 914-916kg/m 3 ；
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer.
10. The method for preparing permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein,
in the preparation method of the treatment fluid, the mass ratio of the deionized water to the magnesium chloride to the polyacrylamide to the sodium alginate to the polyethylene glycol is 70-74:1.0-1.2:1.2-1.4:0.7-0.9:1.4-1.8.
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