CN117018132B - 一种用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药,以中药炙麻黄、杏仁、炙甘草、白前、紫菀、款冬花、百部、桔梗、土茯苓为原料药制备获得,能够减轻咳嗽敏感增高豚鼠模型的咳嗽症状,降低其气道反应性,改善气道炎症,并下调TRPV1、NGF、SP、NK1R相关蛋白表达,用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘“风邪伏肺证”具有独特的疗效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药制备技术领域,涉及一种哮喘类疾病的治疗药物,特别是涉及一种基于中药的治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的药物。
背景技术
咳嗽变异性哮喘(cough variant asthma,CVA)是一种以咳嗽为唯一症状且长时间难以好转的慢性咳嗽(通常>8周),是一种特殊形式的哮喘。CVA占慢性咳嗽的三分之一,是第二大病因。
CVA的发病除了与自身遗传有关,也受到过敏源、环境因素影响。随着空气恶化、高度城市化、高度工业化,不利的环境影响日益严重,患者的发病年龄越来越小,这也是未来各种免疫相关疾病的一个流行趋势。儿童哮喘流行病学调查结果显示,我国儿童哮喘的累积患病率在逐年上升。
对于西医诊断而言,由于咳嗽是该病的唯一且主要症状,临床上需要进行多种的辅助检查,故而存在疾病早期没有达到CVA诊断标准,只能归于慢性咳嗽范畴,常常造成误诊、漏诊、误治等情况发生,这些原因可能会导致部分CAV患者最终发展为典型支气管哮喘。
西医对于CVA的治疗类同于哮喘,只是针对CVA发作的治疗,主要是针对咳嗽变异性哮喘的气道慢性炎症性病变特征,采取长期吸入糖皮质激素和支气管扩张剂的方式进行治疗。激素类药物在使用过程中会对消化道、生长发育等产生一定的不良反应,而且激素类药物的依从性较差,患者吸入方式的不规范和对于激素类药物的抵触心理,导致治疗效果难以得到保证。
以上西医治疗方法多数只是针对症状治疗,但对于CVA的预防尤为重要,不仅要避免接触环境中的诱发因素,还需要保证人体自身内环境、免疫力的稳态平衡。
在中医诊断上,CVA主要表现为咽痒,刺激性干咳,咳嗽剧烈,夜间及凌晨咳嗽,感冒、冷空气、灰尘及油烟等容易诱发或加重咳嗽。CVA的这些表现完全对应于中医咳嗽中“风邪伏肺证”的表现,“风邪伏肺”是CVA病症的核心。
中医认为,咳嗽变异性哮喘的气道慢性炎症与“风、痰”相关,主要症状为咳嗽,特征为气道高反应性,因此多采用复方鲜竹沥口服液、麻杏石甘汤、加减小青龙汤等中成药或处方治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘。
中医对于CVA的整体发病、病因病机、治疗、预防有着一套完整的理论体系,在治疗方面,多种药物多靶点治疗,并对机体的损伤降到最低;在预防方面,中药对于患者整体生活状态的调整,对微小症状的缓解有着独特的优势,对于CVA未发病时“伏风”的祛除,能够减少CVA的发病次数及持续时间。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药,基于“风邪伏肺”治疗原则,实现对咳嗽变异性哮喘的有效治疗。
本发明所述的用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药是根据止咳验方“三拗汤”,加入其他临床经验药物,以炙麻黄、杏仁、炙甘草、白前、紫菀、款冬花、百部、桔梗、土茯苓为原料药制备得到,在临床上治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘“风邪伏肺证”具有独特疗效。
进一步地,本发明所述用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药是由以下重量份数的原料药制备获得的:炙麻黄10-20,杏仁5-15,炙甘草5-15,白前5-15,紫菀10-20,款冬花5-15,百部5-15,桔梗5-15,土茯苓20-50。
更进一步地,所述用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药中,各原料药的重量份数为:炙麻黄12-18,杏仁6-12,炙甘草6-12,白前6-12,紫菀12-18,款冬花6-12,百部6-12,桔梗6-12,土茯苓30-40。
更具体地,所述用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药中,各原料药的重量份数优选为炙麻黄15,杏仁10,炙甘草10,白前10,紫菀15,款冬花10,百部10,桔梗10,土茯苓30。
以上各种原料药的选择及用量是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的。实践证明,各种原料药在上述重量份数范围内,都具有较好的疗效。
本发明可以采用中药制剂的常规制备方法,将本发明上述原料药制备成任何一种药剂学上常规的口服剂型,但这些剂型并不能用于限制本发明的保护范围。需要强调的是,在制备任何一种剂型前,都需要先制备得到本发明中药的活性组分。
将上述各原料药制成本发明药物活性组分的具体制备方法是:将所述的原料药加水煎煮,过滤得到提取液,浓缩干燥获得药物活性组分。
其中,进一步地,优选是将所述原料药加水煎煮3次,合并煎液,滤过,浓缩干燥得到药物活性组分。
更进一步地,加水煎煮药物时,优选每次用水量为原料药重量的8~12倍,每次煎1~2h。
一般地,本发明是将所述提取液减压浓缩成室温下相对密度1.10~1.30的药物活性组分。
本发明可以将得到的药物活性组分进一步以常规的中药制剂方法,添加药学上可接受的辅料或载体,制备成任意一种常规的口服剂型,如片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、合剂、散剂、糖浆剂或煎膏等。
本发明中药由“三拗汤”化裁而来。“三拗汤”中甘草不炙,乃取其清热解毒,协同麻、杏利气祛痰,故而麻黄、杏仁、甘草三药相配,共奏疏风宣肺,止咳平喘之功。本发明在其基础上采用炙麻黄作为主药,缓解支气管平滑肌痉挛,具有镇咳祛痰作用,用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘风邪伏肺证。《神农本草经》中炙麻黄“去邪热气,止咳逆上气,除寒热”、“治身上毒风痹,皮肉不仁”、“去营中寒邪,泄卫中风热”。麻黄为治风之良药,寒热邪均能得麻黄升散之性而外出,炙后麻黄性味较为和缓,增强其祛风作用。杏仁能润肺降气,起到镇咳作用。方中炙甘草较生甘草减弱了解热镇痛作用,加强了镇咳、解痉、平喘作用,且炙甘草性偏温,调理阴阳,气血双补,助炙麻黄疏散风邪而不伤正,针对咳嗽经久难愈正气虚衰患者有着良好的效果。继而加入了紫菀、百部、款冬花、白前等止咳要药,用以润肺止咳,抗炎。而桔梗破肺排痰、土茯苓解痉,两味药的使用对于治疗气道敏感性增高咳嗽,以及长期不愈的慢性咳嗽产生的气道痉挛的重塑具有着良好的疗效。故而本发明中药在临床上治疗CVA“风邪伏肺证”具有独特的疗效。
附图说明
图1是不同试验组豚鼠TRPV1、NGF、SP及NK1R的Western-Blot检测条带。
图2是不同试验组豚鼠的肺组织病理图。
实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,从而使本领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明,而不是限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明实施例中涉及到的生产工艺、实验方法或检测方法,若无特别说明,均为现有技术中的常规方法,且其名称和/或简称均属于本领域内的常规名称,在相关用途领域内均非常清楚明确,本领域内技术人员能够根据该名称理解常规工艺步骤并应用相应设备,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行实施。
本发明实施例中使用的各种仪器、设备、原料或试剂,并没有来源上的特殊限制,均为可以通过正规商业途径购买获得的常规产品,也可以按照本领域技术人员熟知的常规方法进行制备。
以下实施例中采用SPSS 20.0统计学软件进行分析,计量资料经正态捡验,符合正态分布的采用t检验,不符合正态分布的用非參数检验,计数资料采用X2检验,所有统计结果P<0.05时有统计学意义。
实施例
实施例1
取筛选的炙麻黄15g,杏仁10g,炙甘草10g,白前10g,紫菀15g,款冬花10g,百部10g,桔梗10g,土茯苓30g,加水煎煮3次,每次用水1200mL,煎煮1.5h。合并三次煎液,滤过,减压浓缩至相对密度1.2~1.3(室温),喷雾干燥,加入适量糊精或糖粉,混匀制成颗粒剂。
实施例2
取筛选的炙麻黄18g,杏仁12g,炙甘草12g,白前6g,紫菀12g,款冬花6g,百部6g,桔梗6g,土茯苓40g,加水煎煮3次,每次用水1200mL,煎煮1.5h。合并三次煎液,滤过,减压浓缩至干膏,得药物活性成分。在药物活性成分中加入适量蔗糖、淀粉、糊精及硬脂酸镁,混匀制成颗粒,压片制成片剂。
实施例3
取筛选的炙麻黄12g,杏仁6g,炙甘草6g,白前12g,紫菀18g,款冬花12g,百部12g,桔梗12g,土茯苓30g,加水回流提取3次,每次用水1200mL,煎煮1.5h。合并三次煎液,滤过,减压浓缩至干膏,得药物活性成分,加入辅料碳酸钙和淀粉混合,干燥粉碎成细粉,过筛,装入胶囊制成胶囊剂。
实施例4
本实施例以CVA患者为研究对象,采用随机对照双盲研究方法,收录2020年6月至2022年3月山西省中医院呼吸科门诊CVA患者,针对本发明中药治疗CVA进行临床疗效观察。
1.诊断标准
西医诊断标准符合《咳嗽诊断与治疗指南(2015)》CVA诊断标准。
中医病证诊断标准参照《中华人民共和国中医药行业标准——中医病证诊断疗效标准》(国家中医药管理局1994年发布)、《中医内科常见病诊疗指南 中医病证部分》、《咳嗽诊断与治疗指南(2015)》及临床观察。“风邪伏肺”中医病症诊断为咽痒无痰干咳、呛咳,咳声剧烈,多夜间发作,冷空气、灰尘、异味等容易诱发或加重咳嗽。舌淡红,苔薄白。
2.病例情况
本实施例纳入病例90例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组45例。两组年龄分布、性别比例无差异。
试验过程中,治疗组脱落5人,对照组脱落8人,最终统计病例治疗组40例,对照组37例,共77例。其中确诊过敏性鼻炎患者34人,占44.2%。
3.治疗方法
治疗组服用本发明中药,组成:炙麻黄15g,杏仁10g,炙甘草10g,白前10g,紫菀15g,款冬花10g,百部10g,桔梗10g,土茯苓30g,中药免煎颗粒,12g/袋。水冲服,2次/日。
对照组服用止嗽散,组成:百部10g,紫菀10g,白前10g,桔梗10g,炙甘草3g,荆芥10g,陈皮5g,中药免煎颗粒,12g/袋。水冲服,2次/日。
4.实验结果
4.1咳嗽视觉模拟评分
咳嗽症状视觉模拟评分采用线性计分法,其中0刻度表示无咳嗽,10刻度表示咳嗽晕厥(最严重程度)。
治疗前评分,治疗组5.84±0.24,对照组5.65±0.27,两者无明显差别(P>0.05)。
治疗后评分,治疗组3.46±0.25,对照组4.41±0.35,均低于治疗前,有显著差异(P<0.01),且治疗组评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。
4.2咳嗽症状积分
咳嗽症状积分分为日间积分和夜间积分两部分,每部分均按照不同的轻重程度划分为0~3分,一共4个等级。
其中日间咳嗽症状积分分为无咳嗽;偶有短暂咳嗽;频繁咳嗽轻度影响日常活动;频繁咳嗽严重影响日常活动。夜间咳嗽症状积分分为无咳嗽;入睡时短暂咳嗽或偶有夜间咳嗽;因咳嗽轻度影响夜间睡眠;因咳嗽严重影响夜间睡眠。
该评分体系反映了咳嗽频率、强度以及生活质量受影响的状况。
治疗前日间评分,治疗组1.55±0.08,对照组1.76±0.12,两者无明显差异(P>0.05)。
治疗后日间评分,治疗组0.95±0.11,对照组1.41±0.13,均低于治疗前,有显著差异(P<0.01),且治疗组评分低于对照组,两者有差别(P<0.05)。
治疗前夜间评分,治疗组2.03±0.11,对照组2.08±0.14,两者无明显差异(P>0.05)。
治疗后夜间评分,治疗组1.15±0.11,对照组1.30±0.11,均低于治疗前,有显著差异(P<0.01),且治疗组评分低于对照组,两者有显著差异(P<0.01)。
4.3总体疗效判定
总体疗效判定标准参考郑筱萸《中药新药临床研究指导原则》中呼吸系统疾病疗效判定标准(中国医药科技出版社, 2002. 349~353.)。
痊愈:临床症状、体征消失或基本消失,症状积分减少≥95%。
显效:临床症状、体征明显改善,症状积分减少≥70%。
有效:临床症状、体征均有好转,症状积分减少≥30%。
无效:临床症状、体征无明显改善,甚或加重,症状积分减少<30%。
计算公式(尼莫地平法):[(治疗前积分-治疗后积分)÷治疗前积分]×100%。
治疗前总评分:治疗组3.58±0.16,对照组3.84±0.18,两者无明显差异(P>0.05)。
治疗后总评分:治疗组2.13±0.19,对照组2.7±0.21,均低于治疗前,有显著差异(P<0.01),且治疗组总评分低于对照组,两者有差异(P<0.05)。
4.4基于咳嗽症状积分的有效率判断
本发明中药治疗40名患者,其中无效9人,有效24人,显效6人,痊愈1人。对照药物止嗽散治疗37名患者,其中无效17人,有效18人,显效3人,痊愈0人。
统计结果显示本发明中药治疗CVA与止嗽散比较的有效率高,有差异(P<0.05)。
4.5咳嗽缓解时间判定
根据最终评判为有效(包括有效、显效、痊愈)的患者每日咳嗽症状积分情况,以咳嗽症状积分的总分(日间咳嗽积分+夜间咳嗽积分)下降≥1分的积分开始下降当天为咳嗽缓解时间点。
本发明中药的有效患者31人,平均咳嗽缓解时间为3.54±0.26天;止嗽散的有效患者20人,平均咳嗽缓解时间为4.4±0.35天,本发明中药的起效时间低于止嗽散,有差异(P<0.05)。
因此,本发明中药治疗CVA有效率77.5%,优于止嗽散的有效率54.1%,且起效时间也优于止嗽散,对咳嗽自主感觉的改善程度也要优于止嗽散,临床疗效确切。
CVA主要症状干咳、呛咳、夜间发作,有冷空气、灰尘、异味等诱发、加重因素,与中医“风邪”“伏邪引动”的致病特点相似。本发明中药在“三拗汤”宣发、肃降肺气基础上,加紫菀、款冬花、百部、白前、桔梗祛痰止咳,加土茯苓解痉,专用于“风邪”“伏邪引动”导致的呼吸系统疾病,对于缓解咳嗽、咽痒、气道痉挛有显著疗效。
实施例5
神经源性炎症是CVA的重要机制,辣椒素受体(TRPV1)-神经生长因子(NGF)-P物质(SP)-神经激肽1受体(NK1R)传导通路在神经源性炎症中发挥着重要作用。
本实施例选取模拟CVA气道敏感性增高豚鼠模型,分别给予TRPV1拮抗剂钌红、治疗CVA西药阿斯美和本发明中药,观察不同药物对TRPV1-NGF-SP-NK1R神经源性炎症相关蛋白的影响,研究本发明中药治疗CVA的作用机制及疗效。
实验动物为雄性豚鼠,体重200-250g,Hartley,健康SPF级。
将Hartley豚鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,拮抗剂组,西药组,中药组共5组,每组6只。
以下附表的各组统计结果中,与模型组比较,△表示P<0.05;○表示P<0.01;与西药组比较,▲表示P<0.05;*表示P<0.01。
除正常组,其余各组采用赖克方等建立的方法构建咳嗽敏感性增高豚鼠模型,第1天腹腔注射环磷酰胺30mg/Kg,第3天腹腔内注入2mg卵蛋白和100mg氢氧化铝的混悬液1ml,其中氢氧化铝为免疫佐剂;3周后腹腔内再加强注射一次卵蛋白0.01mg和氢氧化铝100mg的混悬液1ml,使豚鼠致敏;加强免疫3周后,予以豚鼠雾化吸入10mg/ml卵蛋白溶液40s激发,以诱发咳嗽。
将豚鼠按规定时间雾化吸入卵蛋白溶液后拿出雾化箱,3min内计数其咳嗽次数,10次以上造模成功。
造模过程中,正常组豚鼠反应敏捷,行动灵活,呼吸平稳,毛色光泽。模型组、拮抗剂组、西药组、中药组豚鼠在腹腔注射环磷酰胺及卵蛋白后呼吸平稳,少部分豚鼠体重较轻、毛色欠光泽、脱毛较多、饮食减少;雾化吸入卵蛋白溶液激发后出现呼吸加快,频繁咳嗽,腹肌频繁收缩明显,头颈向前伸,前脚向前伸,张口,深吸气后用力叹气等特征性表现,部分豚鼠咳声响亮。
造模成功后第2天,将各组豚鼠分别置于动物雾化箱内进行雾化,吸入0.5mmol/L辣椒素溶液1min,立即取出豚鼠,计数3min内的咳嗽次数。
正常组、模型组、拮抗剂组、西药组、中药组统计结果分别为6.17±1.11、10.83±1.45、10.67±0.84、10.33±1.82、11.33±1.58次,其中正常组咳嗽次数低于其他各给药组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),模型组、拮抗剂组、西药组、中药组间咳嗽次数无明显差异(P>0.05)。
造模成功后开始药物干预。其中,西药组以阿斯美胶囊制成浓度为0.25粒/ml的混悬液,根据成人日用剂量折算成豚鼠有效剂量灌胃,中药组以本发明中药制成1g/ml的水溶液予以灌胃,拮抗剂组以钌红加无菌注射用水溶解制成0.8mg/mL,按1mL/100g/d腹腔注射,正常组、模型组及拮抗剂组同时给与等体积生理盐水灌胃。每日1次,连续药物干预7天。
7天后,将各组豚鼠分别置于动物雾化箱内进行雾化,吸入0.5mmol/L辣椒素溶液1min,立即取出豚鼠,计数3min内的咳嗽次数。
正常组、模型组、拮抗剂组、西药组、中药组的统计结果分别为6.33±1.09、9.33±0.56、5.17±0.60、6.17±0.95、5.50±0.89次,其中药物干预后的模型组咳嗽次数高于正常组、西药组(P<0.05)、明显高于拮抗剂组、中药组(P<0.01);拮抗剂组、西药组、中药组咳嗽次数无明显差异(P>0.05)。
咳嗽症状通过辣椒素激发后3min的咳嗽次数来判定。正常组咳嗽次数最少,其他各造模组咳嗽次数均较正常组多,其中模型组较给予药物干预的组别(包括西药组、中药组及拮抗剂组)咳嗽次数明显增多,差异有统计学意义,提示模型组造模成功,中药、西药及拮抗剂注射均能不同程度降低咳嗽动物模型的咳嗽次数。结果表明,本发明中药可以降低豚鼠咳嗽模型的咳嗽次数,疗效与阿斯美、拮抗剂无明显差异,说明中药对于该模型的有效性,并且其作用主要机制与TRPV1相关。
将动物处死后,迅速打开胸腔取出肺组织,取左肺中叶-80℃保存,选取气道神经源性炎症相关通路蛋白TRPV1、NGF、SP、NK1R及其对应的mRNA为研究对象,Wesrtern-Blot观察、检测豚鼠气道周围肺组织蛋白表达,RT-PCR检测豚鼠气道周围肺组织mRNA表达水平。取右肺中叶常规病理切片,行HE染色,观察肺病理变化。
图1和表3是各组豚鼠肺组织蛋白抽提后,蛋白质印迹法检测观测豚鼠气道周围肺组织神经源性炎症相关蛋白TRPV1、NGF、SP、NK1R的Wesrtern-Blot表达结果。
经Wesrtern-Blot检测,NGF、TRPV1、NK1R蛋白正常组、拮抗剂组、西药组和中药组均明显低于模型组(P<0.01),中药组与西药组无明显差异(P>0.05)。
SP蛋白正常组、拮抗剂组、西药组和中药组均明显低于模型组(P<0.01),且中药组低于西药组(P<0.05)。
进而,RT-PCR法检测咳嗽敏感性增高豚鼠肺组织TRPV1、NGF、SP、NK1R蛋白的mRNA相对表达量,结果列于表4。
NGF正常组、拮抗剂组、西药组低于模型组(P<0.05),中药组明显低于模型组(P<0.01),中药组与西药组无明显差别(P>0.05)。
TRPV1正常组、拮抗剂组明显低于模型组(P<0.01),西药组、中药组低于模型组(P<0.05),西药组、中药组无明显差别(P>0.05)。
NK1R正常组、拮抗剂组、西药组、中药组明显低于模型组(P<0.01),西药组、中药组无明显差异(P>0.05)。
SP正常组、西药组低于模型组(P<0.05),拮抗剂组、中药组明显低于模型组(P<0.01),西药组、模型组无明显差异(P<0.05)。
观察各组豚鼠的肺组织外观,正常组双肺颜色淡红,表面光滑,大小正常,肺组织柔软有弹性;模型组双肺体积略增大,颜色暗红,表面胀大,质稍硬,部分肺有充血、瘀血点;中药组、拮抗剂组及西药组双肺体积略增大、色泽稍暗,肺组织柔软程度较正常组稍差,部分肺组织有瘀血点。
光镜下检测各组豚鼠肺组织的病理如图2所示。
正常组支气管管腔内光滑,无充血渗出,无炎细胞浸润。黏膜上皮结构较为完整。黏膜皱襞无增厚,周围无炎症细胞浸润。肺泡结构正常,肺泡壁周围及腔内未见明显的炎症细胞浸润(见图2a)。
模型组支气管管腔内相对空白对照组狭窄,黏膜层及黏膜下层均有炎症细胞浸润。黏膜上皮结构不完整,有部分脱落,黏膜皱襞明显增厚。肺泡壁增厚,肺泡腔内扩张充血,且有炎症细胞浸润(见图2b)。
拮抗剂组支气管管腔狭窄程度、黏膜皱襞增厚程度、黏膜上皮脱落程度、管腔内、黏膜层及黏膜下层、肺泡内及周围炎症细胞浸润程度等方面与模型组相比均减轻(见图2c)。
西药组支气管管腔狭窄程度、黏膜皱襞增厚程度、黏膜上皮脱落程度、管腔内、黏膜层及黏膜下层、肺泡内及周围炎症细胞浸润程度等方面与模型组相比均减轻(见图2d)。
中药组支气管管腔略有狭窄;黏膜皱襞略有增厚;黏膜上皮少量脱落;管腔内、黏膜层及黏膜下层、肺泡内及周围少量炎症细胞浸润。在支气管管腔狭窄程度、黏膜皱襞增厚程度、黏膜上皮脱落程度及炎症细胞浸润程度等方面,中药组与模型组及西药组相比均减轻,与拮抗剂组相当(见图2e),提示本发明中药对改善气道炎症及修复气道损伤方面具有一定的优势。
本实施例中,模型组较正常组NGF、TRPV1、SP、NK1R分子表达均有增多。中药组SP明显低于西药组,SP作为TRPV1、NGF引起气道神经源性炎症的最终释放神经肽,本发明中药可以明显减少其产生,优于阿斯美。
咳嗽敏感增高豚鼠模型较好地模拟了中医风邪伏肺的病机,对于该领域其他研究者的报道中,TRPV1在感染后咳嗽、CVA等多种慢性咳嗽疾病中有着关键作用。本发明中药在治疗CVA的过程中,作为关键靶点的TRPV1表达明显下降,神经源性炎症以及其他炎症均有减轻,本发明中药对于治疗气道敏感性增高有着明显的改善,其作用不差于多途径作用的复方西药制剂阿斯美。
本发明中药能够减轻咳嗽敏感增高豚鼠模型的咳嗽症状,降低其气道反应性,改善气道炎症,并下调TRPV1、NGF、SP、NK1R相关蛋白表达,提示本发明中药治疗CVA的疗效机理与减轻气道神经源性炎症有关,并可能通过该通路发挥作用。
本发明以上实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节,也不限制本发明仅为以上所述的实施例。本领域普通技术人员在不脱离本发明原理和宗旨的情况下,针对这些实施例进行的各种变化、修改、替换和变型,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药,是以炙麻黄、杏仁、炙甘草、白前、紫菀、款冬花、百部、桔梗、土茯苓为原料药制备获得,所述各原料药的重量份数为:炙麻黄10-20,杏仁5-15,炙甘草5-15,白前5-15,紫菀10-20,款冬花5-15,百部5-15,桔梗5-15,土茯苓20-50。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药,所述各原料药的重量份数为:炙麻黄12-18,杏仁6-12,炙甘草6-12,白前6-12,紫菀12-18,款冬花6-12,百部6-12,桔梗6-12,土茯苓30-40。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药,所述各原料药的重量份数为:炙麻黄15,杏仁10,炙甘草10,白前10,紫菀15,款冬花10,百部10,桔梗10,土茯苓30。
4.权利要求1、2或3所述用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药的制备方法,是将所述原料药加水煎煮,过滤得到提取液,浓缩干燥获得药物活性组分。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药的制备方法,其特征是将所述原料药加水煎煮3次,合并煎液,滤过,浓缩干燥得到药物活性组分。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药的制备方法,其特征是每次用水量为原料药重量的8~12倍,每次煎煮1~2h。
7.根据权利要求4所述的用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药的制备方法,其特征是将所述提取液减压浓缩至室温下相对密度为1.10~1.30。
8.根据权利要求4所述的用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药的制备方法,其特征是以所述药物活性组分添加药学上可接受的辅料或载体制备成任意一种常规的口服剂型。
9.根据权利要求8所述的用于治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的中药的制备方法,其特征是所述口服剂型为片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、合剂、散剂、糖浆剂或煎膏剂。
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