CN116995318B - 3.2V formation process of lithium iron phosphate battery - Google Patents
3.2V formation process of lithium iron phosphate battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN116995318B CN116995318B CN202311239385.2A CN202311239385A CN116995318B CN 116995318 B CN116995318 B CN 116995318B CN 202311239385 A CN202311239385 A CN 202311239385A CN 116995318 B CN116995318 B CN 116995318B
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- iron phosphate
- lithium iron
- formation
- battery
- phosphate battery
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIAKUYQUAMNLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-H P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Fe+2].[Li+].[Al+3].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Fe+2].[Li+].[Al+3].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-] OIAKUYQUAMNLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000022131 cell cycle Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3.2V formation process of a lithium iron phosphate battery, and relates to the technical field of lithium battery production. After the lithium iron phosphate battery is filled with liquid and is kept stand, the lithium iron phosphate battery is put into a cabinet for first-step formation charging, the charging is carried out by adopting 0.03C current, the charging time is 20min, and the lithium iron phosphate battery is kept stand for 10min after the charging; performing second-step formation charging on the lithium iron phosphate battery, wherein the charging is performed by adopting 0.1C current, and the charging cut-off voltage is 3.2V; transferring the charged lithium iron phosphate battery into a sealed oven, keeping the temperature in the sealed oven at 45+/-2 ℃, keeping the vacuum degree at-60 Kpa, and standing for 2 hours; and after standing, the lithium iron phosphate battery is normally sealed downwards and separated. The invention effectively solves the problems of long production time, low efficiency, high energy consumption, poor SEM film, poor formation interface, short service life, potential safety hazard and the like of the traditional lithium iron phosphate battery in the formation production stage, and improves the formation production capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery, the electrochemical performance and the safety performance of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery production, in particular to a 3.2V formation process of a lithium iron phosphate battery.
Background
With the development of energy storage markets and electric vehicle industries, the market demand of lithium iron phosphate batteries is rapidly increased, and higher requirements are also put on the performance and production efficiency of the lithium iron phosphate batteries, and the formation process is a key process for producing and manufacturing lithium ion batteries, and is a key process for activating positive and negative active substances to form SEM films and determining the performances of battery capacity, circulation, safety and the like;
the existing formation process of the lithium iron phosphate battery is to charge to 3.65V (full power), the formation time is long, the formation production time is about 10 hours, the production efficiency is low, the existing lithium battery is formed by adopting a negative pressure formation mode, negative pressure is continuously applied during the formation of the battery, the production energy consumption is increased, the negative pressure formation equipment is expensive, meanwhile, the gas produced by the existing battery is not completely discharged, the lamination between pole pieces is not tight, the SEM film is poor in film formation, and the defects of poor battery performance and the like are caused; for this reason, we propose a 3.2V formation process for lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 3.2V formation process of a lithium iron phosphate battery, which aims to solve the problems of long production time consumption and poor formation interface of the existing lithium iron phosphate battery in the formation production process, and simultaneously solve the problems of low production efficiency, poor battery performance, short service life, potential safety hazard and the like of the battery.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a 3.2V formation process of a lithium iron phosphate battery, which comprises the following steps:
s1: after the lithium iron phosphate battery is filled with liquid and kept stand, the lithium iron phosphate battery is put into a cabinet for first-step formation charging, and is charged by adopting 0.03C current for 20min, and is kept stand after being charged;
s2: performing second-step formation charging on the lithium iron phosphate battery subjected to the first-step formation charging, wherein the charging cut-off voltage is 3.2V by adopting 0.1C current for charging;
s3: transferring the charged lithium iron phosphate battery into a sealed oven, keeping the temperature in the sealed oven at 45+/-2 ℃, keeping the vacuum degree at-60 Kpa, and standing;
s4: after standing, the lithium iron phosphate battery is normally sealed downwards, and the capacity is divided, so that the formation of 3.2V of the lithium iron phosphate battery is completed.
The standing time length of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the step S1 after the first step of formation and charging is 10min; the battery formation and charging stages in the S1 and the S2 keep a normal temperature and normal pressure environment; and (3) standing the battery in the sealed oven for 2 hours.
The total formation production time of the formation process is 3.5h.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the 3.2V formation process of the lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery formation charging is only required to be carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure to 3.2V, and the battery formation charging is not required to be fully charged to 3.65V, so that the formation production time is greatly shortened, the high-temperature and vacuum standing is carried out after the charging is finished, and the removal of formation gas and the formation of an SEM film can be effectively promoted;
meanwhile, the formation process provided by the invention only needs 3.5 hours for the total production time, so that the production efficiency is improved, the SEM film is excellent in film formation, the battery performance is excellent, and the service life is long.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing comparison of battery capacity test data of example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph showing comparison of the internal resistance test data of the batteries of example 1 and comparative example 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparative graph of the charge-discharge cycle test of 1C of example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing comparison of battery thickness test data for example 1 and comparative example 1 according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a 3.2V formation process flow diagram of the lithium iron phosphate battery of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 5, the present invention is a 3.2V formation process of a lithium iron phosphate battery, after the injection and standing of the lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery is subjected to normal temperature and normal pressure formation charging with a small current until the end of 3.2V, the formation charging of the battery is divided into two steps, the first step is performed with a constant current charging with a current of 0.03C for 20min, the standing time is 10min, the second step is performed with a constant current charging with a current of 0.1C for 3.2V, the battery is then transferred to a sealed oven, and the high temperature and vacuum standing time is 2h, the temperature is 45±2 ℃, the vacuum degree is-60 Kpa, and the formation gas production discharge and SEM film formation are promoted, thereby solving the problems of long formation production time, difficult formation gas production discharge, poor SEM film, poor formation interface and the like in the lithium iron phosphate battery.
According to the 3.2V formation process of the lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery formation charging is not required to be fully charged to 3.65V, and high-temperature and vacuum standing is carried out after the charging is finished, so that the removal of formation gas and the formation of an SEM film can be effectively promoted, and the formation production time of the formation procedure is only required to be 3.5h.
Example 1
The invention relates to a 3.2V formation process of a lithium iron phosphate battery, which is a square lithium iron phosphate aluminum shell battery with the nominal capacity of 75Ah, and comprises the following steps:
after the liquid injection and standing of the battery are completed, charging the battery by using a first-step formation charging method and adopting a current of 0.03C, wherein the charging time is 20min, and the standing time is 10min;
performing second-step formation charging, namely charging by adopting 0.1C current, wherein the charging cut-off voltage is 3.2V;
transferring the battery lower cabinet into a sealed oven at 45+/-2 ℃ and vacuum degree of-60 Kpa, and standing for 2 hours;
after standing, the battery is normally sealed downwards and separated.
Comparative example 1
The nominal capacity 75Ah lithium iron phosphate square aluminum shell battery comprises the following steps:
after the battery liquid injection and standing are completed, the battery is put into a cabinet for conventional full electrochemical formation and vacuumizing and exhausting;
and after formation, the battery is normally sealed downwards and separated.
The battery full charge interface, capacity, internal resistance, cycle performance and battery thickness of the example 1 are compared with those of the comparative example 1, the full charge interface after battery formation is compared to obtain the battery formation of the example 1, the battery formation of the example 1 is good, the interface is golden, lithium intercalation is uniform, black spots and lithium precipitation are avoided, the battery formation of the comparative example 1 is general, a small amount of black spots exist on the negative electrode interface, lithium intercalation is uneven, the lithium intercalation is insufficient in partial areas, and the formation effect of the example 1 is obviously better; from the battery capacity data (shown in fig. 1), the battery capacity of example 1 is higher than that of the comparative example, and the battery capacity of example 1 is better; the battery internal resistance data are available (shown in fig. 2), the battery internal resistance of the example 1 is not obviously different from that of the comparative example 1, and the battery internal resistance of the example 1 is slightly better; the cycle performance comparison can be obtained (shown in fig. 3), the cycle number of the example 1 can reach 5300 cycles (80% capacity retention rate), the cycle number of the example 1 is only 4500 cycles, the cycle performance of the example 1 is good, and the service life is longer; the comparison of the cell cycle thickness (shown in fig. 4) shows that the cell thickness of the example 1 is not obviously different from that of the cell of the comparative example 1, the cell is not inflated and swelled, and the formation air extraction effect of the surface example 1 and the formation air extraction effect of the comparative example 1 are good.
The comparison results of the above example 1 and the comparative example 1 show that the battery formation full-power interface condition, the cycle test condition and the battery capacity of the example 1 are all superior to those of the battery of the comparative example 1, and the battery formation of the example 1 only needs to be charged to 3.2V, so that the formation production time is short, and the production efficiency is high; according to the lithium iron phosphate 3.2V formation process provided by the invention, the battery is charged to 3.2V at normal temperature and normal pressure, the total formation production time is only 3.5 hours, the formation production efficiency is greatly improved, the battery formation interface is good, the battery capacity is high, the battery cycle performance is good, and the service life is long; according to the lithium iron phosphate 3.2V formation process provided by the invention, the problems of long production time, low production efficiency, high production energy consumption, poor SEM film, poor formation interface, short service life, potential safety hazard and the like in the formation production stage can be effectively solved by the way of ending formation charging to 3.2V and standing at high temperature in vacuum, so that the formation production capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery is improved, the electrochemical performance and the safety performance of the battery are improved, and the lithium iron phosphate battery has safety, effectiveness, convenience and economy.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The 3.2V formation process of the lithium iron phosphate battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: after the lithium iron phosphate battery is filled with liquid and kept stand, the lithium iron phosphate battery is put into a cabinet for first-step formation charging, and is charged by adopting 0.03C current for 20min, and is kept stand after being charged;
s2: performing second-step formation charging on the lithium iron phosphate battery subjected to the first-step formation charging, wherein the charging cut-off voltage is 3.2V by adopting 0.1C current for charging;
s3: transferring the charged lithium iron phosphate battery into a sealed oven, keeping the temperature in the sealed oven at 45+/-2 ℃, keeping the vacuum degree at-60 Kpa, and standing;
s4: after standing, the lithium iron phosphate battery is normally sealed downwards, and the capacity is divided, so that the formation of 3.2V of the lithium iron phosphate battery is completed.
2. The 3.2V formation process for a lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, wherein the standing time period after the first formation and charging of the lithium iron phosphate battery in S1 is 10min.
3. The 3.2V formation process for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to claim 1, wherein the battery formation charging stages in S1 and S2 are maintained in a normal temperature and pressure environment.
4. The 3.2V formation process for a lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, wherein the standing time of the battery in S3 in the sealed oven is 2h.
5. The process for forming 3.2V lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, wherein the total production time of the formation process is 3.5h.
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| CN202311239385.2A CN116995318B (en) | 2023-09-25 | 2023-09-25 | 3.2V formation process of lithium iron phosphate battery |
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| CN202311239385.2A CN116995318B (en) | 2023-09-25 | 2023-09-25 | 3.2V formation process of lithium iron phosphate battery |
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| CN116995318B true CN116995318B (en) | 2023-12-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102760908A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-31 | 宁波世捷新能源科技有限公司 | Quick formation method for lithium ion battery adapting to various cathode material systems |
| CN103280600A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-04 | 江苏富朗特新能源有限公司 | Forming process of lithium iron phosphate battery |
| CN107579301A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-12 | 中盐安徽红四方锂电有限公司 | A kind of chemical synthesis technology of lithium iron phosphate dynamic battery |
| CN110137585A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 成都特隆美储能技术有限公司 | A kind of chemical synthesis technology of long-life lithium-ion energy storage battery |
| CN115966790A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-04-14 | 上海电气国轩新能源科技(南通)有限公司 | Lithium iron phosphate battery and formation method thereof |
| CN116780005A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-09-19 | 安徽得壹能源科技有限公司 | Battery formation method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10910628B2 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2021-02-02 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Fast formation cycling for rechargeable batteries |
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- 2023-09-25 CN CN202311239385.2A patent/CN116995318B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102760908A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-31 | 宁波世捷新能源科技有限公司 | Quick formation method for lithium ion battery adapting to various cathode material systems |
| CN103280600A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-04 | 江苏富朗特新能源有限公司 | Forming process of lithium iron phosphate battery |
| CN107579301A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-12 | 中盐安徽红四方锂电有限公司 | A kind of chemical synthesis technology of lithium iron phosphate dynamic battery |
| CN110137585A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 成都特隆美储能技术有限公司 | A kind of chemical synthesis technology of long-life lithium-ion energy storage battery |
| CN115966790A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-04-14 | 上海电气国轩新能源科技(南通)有限公司 | Lithium iron phosphate battery and formation method thereof |
| CN116780005A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-09-19 | 安徽得壹能源科技有限公司 | Battery formation method |
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