CN116988919A - Fan blade, fan blade production method, wind driven generator and damper system - Google Patents

Abstract

This application discloses a wind turbine blade, a wind turbine blade production method, a wind generator and a damper system. The wind turbine blade is provided with a damper system, which includes a damper unit or parallel intervals provided in the spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade. Set of multiple damper units. The damper unit includes energy consumption circuit, magnetic device and elastic element. The energy-consuming circuit is a loop composed of energy-consuming devices and inductive devices. The inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged oppositely. The target component is an inductive device or a magnetic device, and the elastic component and the target component constitute the target system. When the vibration direction of the target component and the blade oscillation direction meet the preset angle range, and the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the fan blade meets the preset range, the target system resonates with the fan blade, and the relationship between the inductive device and the magnetic device Relative motion occurs between them, and an induced current is generated in the energy-consuming circuit. The induced current consumes energy through the energy-consuming device, which increases the blade damping.

Description

Wind turbine blade, wind turbine blade production method, wind turbine and damper system

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of wind power technology, and in particular to a wind turbine blade, a wind turbine blade production method, a wind turbine and a damper system.

Background technique

Under certain operating conditions, the blades of wind turbines will undergo negative damping and produce self-excited vibrations. This vibration may cause damage to the blades and affect the safe operation of wind turbine equipment. Since the aerodynamic damping of the blades in the flapping direction is large, the negative damping phenomenon usually occurs during the oscillation process of the wind turbine blades.

At present, there is an urgent need to solve the problem of negative damping of wind turbine blades in the oscillation direction.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, this application provides a wind turbine blade, a wind turbine blade production method, a wind turbine and a damper system, which can effectively solve the negative damping problem of the blade in the oscillation direction, ensure the normal operation of the blade, and improve wind power generation. safe operation of machinery and equipment.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions provided by this application are as follows:

In a first aspect, this application provides a wind turbine blade, which is provided with a damper system; the damper system includes a damper unit arranged in the spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade or a damper unit arranged in parallel and spaced apart. multiple damper units;

The damper unit includes an energy consumption circuit, a magnetic device and an elastic element;

The energy-consuming circuit is a loop formed by connecting energy-consuming devices and inductive devices;

The inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged oppositely, and the direction when the target element vibrates and the blade swing direction of the wind turbine blade satisfy a preset angle range; wherein the target element is the inductive device or the magnetic device ;

The elastic element and the target element form a target system, and the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade satisfies a preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade.

In a second aspect, this application provides a method for producing wind turbine blades applied to the wind turbine blades. The method includes:

Determine the blade vibration frequency of wind turbine blades;

A damper system is provided on the wind turbine blade; the damper system includes one damper unit arranged in the spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade or multiple damper units arranged in parallel and spaced apart; the damper unit It includes an energy-consuming circuit, a magnetic device and an elastic element; the energy-consuming circuit is a circuit composed of an energy-consuming device and an inductive device connected together;

It is determined that the inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged relatively, and the direction when the target element vibrates and the blade swing direction satisfy a preset angle range; wherein the target element is the inductive device or the magnetic device;

The elastic element and the target element form a damper system, and the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the vibration frequency of the blade is adjusted to meet a preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a wind turbine, which includes the wind turbine blade provided by the present application.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a damper system, which includes one damper unit arranged in a target direction or multiple damper units arranged in parallel and spaced apart;

The damper unit includes an energy consumption circuit, a magnetic device and an elastic element;

The energy-consuming circuit is a loop formed by connecting energy-consuming devices and inductive devices;

The inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged oppositely; when the first target element is used to vibrate together with the elastic element, the first target element and the second target element move relative to each other; when the first target element is When the first target element is the magnetic device, the second target element is the magnetic device. When the first target element is the magnetic device, the second target element is the inductive device.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that this application has the following beneficial effects:

This application provides a wind turbine blade, a wind turbine blade production method, a wind turbine and a damper system, wherein the wind turbine blade is provided with a damper system, and the damper system includes a damper provided in the spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade. unit or multiple damper units arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The damper unit includes energy consumption circuit, magnetic device and elastic element. Magnetic devices can generate magnetic fields. Among them, the energy-consuming circuit is a loop formed by connecting energy-consuming devices and inductive devices. The inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged oppositely. The target component is an inductive device or a magnetic device, and the elastic component and the target component constitute the target system. Since the vibration direction of the target component and the oscillation direction of the fan blade meet the preset angle range, when the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the fan blade meets the preset range, the target system resonates with the fan blade. At this time, no matter whether the target component is an inductive device or a magnetic device, relative motion will occur between the inductive device and the magnetic device. The inductive device cuts the magnetic flux lines in the magnetic field, causing the inductive device to generate an induced electromotive force. Since the energy-consuming circuit is a loop, an induced current will be generated in the energy-consuming circuit. There are energy-consuming devices in the energy-consuming circuit. The induced current will generate energy through the energy-consuming devices. This will cause the entire blade to vibrate in the direction of vibration. The vibration plays an energy dissipating role, thereby increasing the blade damping to reduce the risk of damage to the blade due to negative damping vibration, thereby improving the safety of blade operation.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly explain the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are: For some embodiments of the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the relative movement of a magnet-coil system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a fan blade provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection method of an inductive device, an energy-consuming device and a capacitive device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a damper unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another damper unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a magnetic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of another magnetic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a blade damping ratio provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 9 is a flow chart of a fan blade production method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes.

In order to facilitate understanding and explanation of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, the background technology involved in the embodiments of the present application is first introduced.

The blades of wind turbines (such as horizontal axis wind turbines) may vibrate under certain operating conditions. Flutter is a self-excited vibration caused by the coupled bending and torsional deformation of the blade under the action of aerodynamic forces. In this state, the aerodynamic damping of the blade is negative and the blade vibration diverges exponentially. Among them, aerodynamic damping refers to the obstruction caused by the fluid to the structure, which consumes energy and affects the vibration of the structure. Self-excited vibration refers to the vibration caused by the fluid inside the mechanical system changing from non-vibratory excitation to vibratory excitation, which corresponds to negative damping in the vibration differential equation. In practical applications, the negative damping phenomenon caused by flutter may cause blade damage and affect the safe operation of wind turbine equipment.

Oscillation refers to the movement of the wind turbine blades in the chord direction of the blade in the blade root coordinate system, and the chord direction is the direction extending from the blade root to the blade tip. The oscillation direction is the chord length direction. The flapping direction refers to the movement direction of the pressure surface of the fan blade relative to the suction surface in the blade root coordinate system. Since the force-bearing area of the blade in the flapping direction is large and the aerodynamic damping is large, while the force-bearing area of the blade in the oscillation direction is small, the negative damping phenomenon caused by flutter usually occurs during the oscillation process of the wind turbine blades.

At present, there is an urgent need to solve the problem of negative damping of wind turbine blades in the oscillation direction.

Based on this, embodiments of the present application provide a wind turbine blade, a wind generator and a wind turbine blade production method, wherein a damper system is provided on the wind turbine blade, and the damper system includes a damper provided in the spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade. damper unit or multiple damper units arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The damper unit includes energy consumption circuit, magnetic device and elastic element. Magnetic devices can generate magnetic fields. Among them, the energy-consuming circuit is a loop formed by connecting energy-consuming devices and inductive devices. The inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged oppositely. The target component is an inductive device or a magnetic device, and the elastic component and the target component constitute the target system. Since the vibration direction of the target component and the oscillation direction of the fan blade meet the preset angle range, when the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the fan blade meets the preset range, the target system resonates with the fan blade. At this time, no matter whether the target component is an inductive device or a magnetic device, relative motion will occur between the inductive device and the magnetic device. The inductive device cuts the magnetic flux lines in the magnetic field, causing the inductive device to generate an induced electromotive force. Since the energy-consuming circuit is a loop, an induced current will be generated in the energy-consuming circuit. There are energy-consuming devices in the energy-consuming circuit. The induced current will generate energy through the energy-consuming devices. This will cause the entire blade to vibrate in the direction of vibration. The vibration plays an energy dissipating role, thereby increasing the blade damping to reduce the risk of damage to the blade due to negative damping vibration, thereby improving the safety of blade operation.

It is understandable that the deficiencies in the above solutions are the result of the applicant's practice and careful study. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions to the above problems proposed by the embodiments of the present application below should be the contribution made by the applicant to the embodiments of the present application during the application process.

In order to facilitate understanding of the wind turbine blades provided with the damper system in the embodiments of the present application, the relevant principles of providing the damper system to increase the damping of the wind turbine blades are first described below.

Let’s first explain some technical terms in this principle.

Magnetic flux: The product of the magnetic induction intensity B and the area S of a plane (effective area s, that is, the area perpendicular to the magnetic field lines) is called the magnetic flux passing through the plane.

Magnetic density: also known as magnetic induction intensity, represents the number of magnetic field lines perpendicularly passing through a unit area.

Residual flux density: The flux density remaining in the core after removing the excitation magnetic field from the saturation state.

Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the relative movement of a magnet-coil system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, a reference coordinate system r-x is provided. In this reference coordinate system, there are two directions, such as the r direction and the x direction as shown in the figure. The x direction is, for example, the vertical direction, and the r direction, for example, is the horizontal direction. The magnet can move in the x direction, and there are magnetic fields and magnetic field lines around the magnet. The coil can be an inductor coil in an RLC series circuit (refer to Figure 3(a)), and the RLC series circuit where the coil is located is a loop. When the magnet moves in the x direction, the coil as a conductor will cut the magnetic field lines around the magnet and move to cut the magnetic field lines. At this time, the magnetic flux in the coil changes. Since the circuit where the coil is located is a loop, electromagnetic induction will occur, that is, magnetic electricity generation. The generation of magnetic electricity will cause an induced electromotive force to be generated in the RLC series circuit, which will then generate an induced current in the coil.

As shown in Figure 1, the positions of the coil and magnet can be described in the reference coordinate system rx. Among them, x ₁ and x ₂ are the coordinates of the upper and lower surfaces of the coil in the thickness direction (i.e., x direction) respectively, x is any position in the vertical direction (i.e., x direction), and y is the current position of the magnet in the x direction. , r ₁ is the radius of the coil. It can be seen that the magnetic density between the magnet and the coil can be expressed as:

Among them, B is the magnetic density at any position in the reference coordinate system rx, B _r is the residual magnetic flux density, v is the volume of the magnet, and/> Represent the two unit vectors of the magnet in the x direction and r direction respectively in Figure 1, x is any position in the x direction, and r is any position in the r direction. Due to the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, the induced electromotive force generated in the N-turn coil can be expressed as V _n , and its value can be expressed by the rate of change of the magnetic flux Φ _n , as follows:

Among them, S _n is the area of the coil, da is the effective area element perpendicular to the coil, and the induced electromotive force can be further expressed as the following formula:

Among them, ξ is the filling coefficient, Represents the movement speed of the magnet in the x direction, △A is the area swept by the N-turn coil, and its expression is:

Among them, A _w is the coil sweep area. Based on this, the induced current in the RLC series circuit satisfies the following formula:

Among them, U _C is the voltage on both sides of the capacitor, L is the inductance, R is the resistance, and C is the capacitance. Based on this, the electromagnetic induction force Q _mag can be expressed as:

_Qmag ＝ _∫vI ×Bdv

The above movement of the magnet in the x direction can be understood as vibration. Based on this, it can be seen that if a magnet and a spring form a magnet-spring system, and when the magnet vibrates, the spring and the magnet move in the same direction, then the structural vibration differential equation of the magnet is:

Among them, m is the mass of the magnet, r _s is the structural damping coefficient of the magnet-spring system, and k is the spring stiffness or the stiffness coefficient of the elastic element of the spring.

Based on the above content, it can be known that if the magnet moves relative to the coil and the coil is in a loop, electromagnetic induction will occur, causing an induced electromotive force and an induced current in the coil. At this time, if there is a resistor in the loop, the resistor is equivalent to an energy-consuming component. At this time, the current flows through the resistor, which will cause energy consumption. The increase in energy consumption means that the damping of the loop increases. It can be seen that if the loop is installed in a fan blade, when the damping of the loop is increased, the damping of the fan blade will be increased accordingly.

Based on the above content, it can be seen that the relative movement of the coil relative to the magnet will also produce the same effect. In order to cause relative movement between the coil and the magnet, the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in the following manner.

Specifically, the natural frequency refers to the natural vibration frequency of the elastic body or elastic system itself. The natural frequency of the magnet-spring system is ω _s , and its formula is expressed as:

In practical applications, if the vibration distance of the wind turbine blade is z, its vibration amplitude is Λ (the vibration amplitude can be understood as the maximum value of the vibration distance), and the blade vibration frequency is Ω, then z = Λcos (Ωt).

Then, if the vibration frequency of the blade is close to the natural frequency of the magnet-spring system, that is, Ω≈ω _s , then the magnet-spring system and the fan blades will resonate and the magnet-spring system will have a larger response amplitude, so the magnet- The spring system then moves relative to the coil, and the magnet has a velocity relative to the coil It can be seen that a larger response amplitude can change the magnetic flux to the greatest extent. At this time, the induced electromotive force will be caused by the electromagnetic induction phenomenon, causing an induced current in the coil. Among them, the natural frequency of the magnet-spring system can be adjusted by the stiffness coefficient of the elastic element of the spring.

In order to make the induced current larger, further, when the loop where the coil is located also includes a capacitor, such as the RLC series circuit shown in Figure 3(a), the resonant frequency ω _I of the current in the coil of the RLC series circuit can be expressed as:

When the vibration frequency of the blade, the natural frequency of the magnet-spring system and the resonant frequency of the current are close to each other, that is, Ω≈ω _s ≈ω _I , the induced current in the coil will further increase, and the energy consumption on the resistor will further increase. This will further increase the damping in the blades accordingly. Among them, the resonant frequency of the current of the RLC series circuit can be adjusted through the capacitance value and the inductance value.

Based on the analysis of the above content of this application, embodiments of this application provide a fan blade, in which a damper system is provided. The damper system can use the principles of the above analysis to increase the damping of the wind turbine blades, as follows.

Referring to Figure 2, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine blade provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the blade root coordinate system is the Y-Z coordinate system. The Y direction represents the blade oscillation direction, and the Z direction represents the blade span direction. The blade span direction and the blade oscillation direction are perpendicular to each other.

The following first introduces the installation position of the damper system in the wind turbine blade.

As shown in FIG. 2 , for example, the damper system 22 includes one damper unit 11 arranged in the span direction (Z direction) of the wind turbine blade or a plurality of damper units 11 arranged in parallel and spaced apart. Among them, "parallel and spaced arrangement" means that multiple damper units are not connected to each other, but there is a distance between them when arranged in parallel, and the distance is not limited. The number of damper units can be expressed as N _c , N _c is a positive integer, that is, N _c damper units form a damper system and are distributed along the blade span direction (Z direction). It can be understood that each damper unit can improve the damping of the wind turbine blades, and the number of damper units determines the increased damping of the wind turbine blades. The greater the number of damper units, the greater the damping added to the wind turbine blades. .

As an optional example, the damper system is installed on one or more of the inner surface of the fan blade skin, the outer surface of the fan blade skin, and the fan blade main beam area.

Among them, the main beam refers to the main load-bearing structure in the blade, which is made of fiber and matrix infusion and provides support for the cavity structure of the blade. The web refers to the structure inside the blade that supports the upper and lower shells of the blade airfoil. It plays a role in resisting shear. It is divided into single web and double web structures and is usually bonded to the main beam structure of the blade. The blade skin is used to support the blade geometry, and the blade skin shell can be composed of composite laminates. The blade skin includes the inner surface of the blade skin and the outer surface of the blade skin. The main beam area of the wind turbine blade is the area near the main beam of the wind turbine blade. This nearby area is not limited here and can be determined according to the actual situation.

In addition, the installation position of the damper system in the blade can also be determined according to the actual situation. This does not constitute a limitation. It only needs to ensure that when the damper system includes multiple damper units, the multiple damper units are located in the span direction of the wind turbine blade. Just set it in the direction (Z direction). In practical applications, the damper system can be installed in the wind turbine blade by bolting or gluing.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the distance in the Z direction between the installation starting end (the end far away from the blade root) and the installation end (the end close to the blade root) of the damper system 22 and the tip of the fan blade is expressed as d ₁ and d ₂ . The length of the blade is expressed as L _blade .

It can be seen that when the wind turbine blades of a wind turbine (such as a horizontal axis wind turbine) vibrate, the vibration shapes are usually first-order oscillation and second-order oscillation. Among them, the mode shape refers to the form of system vibration and has nothing to do with the size of vibration displacement. During the oscillation process of the fan blades, there will be vibration nodes on the fan blades. The vibration node is also called the mechanical vibration mode node, which refers to the node where the vibration shape and the original shape of the structure meet at a certain natural frequency. The oscillation amplitude at the mode node is zero. The first-order oscillation refers to the oscillation in which the number of vibration nodes is 0, and the second-order oscillation refers to the oscillation in which the number of vibration nodes is 1.

It can be understood that at the mode node, the oscillation amplitude of the fan blade is 0, the fan blade does not vibrate, and the fan blade has no blade vibration frequency, so there is no source of resonance excitation relative to the damper system installed on the fan blade. The target system in the wind turbine blade and damper system (the target system is part of the damper system, see below) will not resonate, and the damper system cannot increase the damping of the wind turbine blade. Based on this, as an optional example, damper systems are installed at non-mode nodes of the wind turbine blades. Non-mode nodes are positions in the wind turbine blade that are not vibration nodes.

On the basis that the damper system is installed at the non-mode node of the wind turbine blade, the distance from the damper system to the tip of the wind turbine blade is determined according to the vibration mode of the blade. Among them, the distance from the damper system to the tip of the fan blade is the distance from the installation starting end of the damper system to the tip of the fan blade, that is, d ₁ .

Specifically, when the blade vibration mode is first-order vibration, the distance from the damper system to the tip of the wind turbine blade is the first distance value; when the blade vibration mode is second-order vibration, the distance from the damper system to the wind turbine blade tip is The distance between the blade tips is the second distance value. Wherein, the first distance value is smaller than the second distance value.

It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific numerical values of the first distance value and the second distance value, which can be determined according to actual conditions. For example, when the vibration mode is first-order vibration, the first distance value is 1/3 of the wind turbine blade; when the vibration mode is second-order vibration, the second distance value is 1/2 of the wind turbine blade. Among them, the first distance value when the first-order oscillation is smaller than the second distance value when the second-order oscillation occurs can be determined based on actual experiments. When the second-order oscillation occurs, in order to make the damper system improve the damping of the wind turbine blades The effect is better, making the first distance value smaller than the second distance value.

As an optional example, based on the above determination of the distance from the damper system to the tip of the wind turbine blade, d ₁ /L _blade ≥ 0.2 and d ₂ /L _blade ≥ 0.6 can also be satisfied at the same time. This range of values has been tested in practice Obtain. It can be understood that whether the distance from the damper system to the tip of the wind turbine blade is determined based on the blade vibration mode, or the actual range of d ₁ /L _blade ≥ 0.2 and d ₂ /L _blade ≥ 0.6 that need to be met at the same time Constraints can make the damper system at this installation position have a better damping effect on the wind turbine blades.

It can be seen that multiple damper units in the damper system are arranged in the spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade, and the installation position of the damper system on the wind turbine blade can be determined based on d ₁ and d ₂ . On this basis, it is also necessary to ensure that the vibration reduction direction (or vibration direction) of the target system (see below) in the damper system and the blade oscillation direction meet the preset angle range. This is the key to achieving the goals in the damper system. A condition for the system to resonate with the wind turbine blades. Among them, the preset angle range is a range greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to the target angle. The preset angle range is a smaller angle range greater than or equal to 0 degrees, that is, the target angle is close to or equal to 0. This application The embodiment does not limit a specific preset angle range. When the target angle is 0 degrees, the vibration direction of the target system is the blade oscillation direction, that is, the Y direction. At this time, if the target system in the damper system resonates with the wind turbine blades, the resonance amplitude will be larger.

The internal structural composition of the damper unit in the damper system will be introduced in detail below.

As an optional example, the damper unit 11 includes an energy consumption circuit, a magnetic device and an elastic element.

The energy-consuming circuit is a loop formed by connecting energy-consuming devices and inductive devices. For example, the loop may be a closed loop. The inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged oppositely, and the direction when the target element vibrates and the direction of the blade oscillation of the wind turbine blade meet the preset angle range; the target element is an inductive device or a magnetic device. The elastic element and the target element form a target system, and the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade satisfies a preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade.

Among them, magnetic devices are also called magnetic materials. Magnetic materials mainly refer to substances that can directly or indirectly produce magnetism from excessive elements such as iron, cobalt, nickel and their alloys. Magnetic materials can generate magnetic fields. For example, the elastic element is a spring or other element with a stiffness coefficient of the elastic element, and the type of the spring is not limited here. For example, the energy-consuming device may be a resistive device or other energy-consuming device. Among them, the resistance device is an adjustable resistance device, and the resistance value of the adjustable resistance device is adjustable. By adjusting the resistance value of the resistance device, the current in the energy consumption circuit can be changed. Since the energy dissipated in the energy-consuming circuit = I ² R. After the current changes, the energy consumption of the energy-consuming device can be changed, thereby changing the blade damping of the wind turbine blades. It can be seen that when the resistor device is a resistor device with a non-adjustable resistance, a resistor device with an appropriate resistance value can also be directly selected to meet the demand for energy consumption. For example, the inductive device may be a conductive metal material such as a coil, a copper tube, an aluminum tube, or an iron tube.

For example, inductive devices, capacitive devices (see below for details), elastic elements, etc. in the embodiments of the present application can also be inductive devices with adjustable inductance values, capacitive devices with adjustable capacitance values, and adjustable elastic elements. Elastic components with stiffness coefficients, etc., to facilitate the adjustment of parameters such as inductance value, capacitance value, elastic component stiffness coefficient, etc.

When the number of magnetic devices in the damper unit is multiple, the multiple magnetic devices may be arranged in parallel. When the number of inductive devices is multiple, multiple inductive devices are also arranged in parallel.

The inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged relative to each other. The relative arrangement can be understood as the position of the central axis of the inductive device and the magnetic device is the same or similar, so that when the inductive device and the magnetic device move relative to each other, the inductive device cuts the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic device, and the inductive device The magnetic flux passing through it changes, producing electromagnetic induction. Among them, "close" means that there is a distance or angle difference between the central axis of the inductive device and the central axis of the magnetic device. The distance or angle difference between the central axis of the inductive device and the central axis of the magnetic device can be determined according to the actual situation. There is no limit here. As long as the two move relative to each other, the magnetic lines of induction can be cut to generate induced current. Can. For example, when the inductive device is a coil and the magnetic device is a magnet, the central axes of the coil and the magnetic device are both in the x direction shown in Figure 1, and the central axes coincide.

In practical applications, it can be that the inductive device moves relative to the magnetic device, that is, the inductive device moves/vibrates; it can also be that the magnetic device moves relative to the inductive device, that is, the magnetic device moves/vibrates. Therefore, if the target element is a structure that resonates with the wind turbine blade together with the elastic element in the damper system, the target element can be an inductive device or a magnetic device. In addition, when the target element vibrates, the elastic elements that together form the target system also vibrate in the same direction at the same time. It can be understood that the target element vibrates and the elastic element vibrates in the same direction, that is, the direction of the target system vibration. That is, it can also be further understood that the target system is the structure that resonates with the wind turbine blades in the damper system.

The natural frequency of the target system is set so that the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade satisfies the preset range, which is another condition for achieving resonance between the target system and the wind turbine blade in the damper unit. The preset range is a range greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to the target value. It is a smaller angle range greater than or equal to 0, that is, the target value is close to or equal to 0. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific angle range. Default range. When the target value is 0, if the target system in the damper system resonates with the wind turbine blades, the resonance effect (which can be reflected in a larger resonance amplitude) is better.

As an optional example, the natural frequency of the target system Then the natural frequency of the target system can be changed by adjusting the elastic element stiffness coefficient k of the elastic element, so that the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade meets the preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade. . Among them, "adjustment" can be understood as when the elastic element is an elastic element with an adjustable elastic element stiffness coefficient, the elastic element stiffness coefficient of the elastic element can be directly adjusted; "adjustment" can also be understood as when the elastic element is a non-adjustable elastic element. When selecting an elastic element with a stiffness coefficient, you can adjust the elastic element in the damper system, that is, directly select an elastic element whose elastic element stiffness coefficient can make the natural frequency of the target system equal to the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade. The difference satisfies the preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blades.

Then, when the vibration direction of the target component and the blade oscillation direction of the wind turbine blade meet the preset angle range, further if the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade satisfies the preset range (can be considered as Ω≈ω _s .), indicating that the conditions for resonance between the target system and the wind turbine blades are met. At this time, the target system resonates with the wind turbine blades, the target system resonates with foundation excitation, and the target system has a large response amplitude/vibration amplitude. The target component in the target system has a large response amplitude, so whether the target component is an inductive device or a magnetic device, relative motion will occur between the inductive device and the magnetic device, and the inductive device cuts the magnetic flux lines in the magnetic field, thus The change in magnetic flux causes the inductive device to generate an induced electromotive force. Since the energy-consuming circuit is a loop, an induced current will be generated in the energy-consuming circuit. There are energy-consuming devices in the energy-consuming circuit, and the induced current will generate energy consumption through the energy-consuming devices. In practical applications, it is known from experiments that the increase in the damping of the energy-consuming circuit installed in each damper unit in the wind turbine blade is equivalent to increasing the damping of the wind turbine blade. The energy-consuming devices in the energy-consuming circuit are used to dissipate energy when the target system resonates with the wind turbine blades, so as to improve the damping of the energy-consuming circuit and thereby improve the damping of the wind turbine blades. In addition, when the damping of the fan blades increases, the damping ratio of the fan blades also increases accordingly. Damping is the various frictional and other impeding effects that attenuate free vibrations. The damping ratio refers to the ratio of the damping coefficient to the critical damping coefficient, which expresses the standardized damping of the structure.

As an optional example, as mentioned above, when the vibration direction of the target element is the same as the blade oscillation direction (Y direction) of the wind turbine blade, the resonance amplitude of the target system is larger.

Based on the above content, it can be seen that through the setting of the damper system in the wind turbine blades, the negative damping problem of the wind turbine blades in the oscillation direction can be effectively solved and the operation safety of the wind turbine equipment can be improved. In addition, since the fatigue load of the wind turbine blades is related to the alternating load amplitude, increasing the damping of the wind turbine blades can also reduce the alternating load amplitude, which in turn will have the effect of reducing the fatigue load of the wind turbine blades to further increase the temperature. Safety and reliability of the unit. In addition, after reducing the fatigue load of wind turbine blades, it can also save materials used to solve the problem of negative damping of blades, reduce material costs, and save blade design and manufacturing costs.

It can be understood that the direction in which the target element in the damper unit vibrates and the blade oscillation direction of the wind turbine blade satisfy the preset angle range, and the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade satisfies the preset range of Two conditions for the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blades. Then the direction in which the target element in each damper unit vibrates and the natural frequency of the target system satisfy these two conditions, and it is not limited to the direction in which the target element in each damper unit vibrates and the natural frequency of the target system are identical.

It can also be understood that in reality, the natural frequency of the object itself is approximately several thousand hertz, and the vibration frequency of the wind turbine blades is a few tenths of a hertz. In order to make the target system resonate with the wind turbine blades, in addition to the target components, the target system also needs elastic components to adjust the natural frequency of the target system, so that the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blades satisfies Default range.

It can be seen that both inductive devices and capacitive devices must exist in the energy-consuming circuit to cause the energy-consuming circuit to resonate. In order to make Ω ≈ ω _s ≈ ω _I , the damper system in the embodiment of the present application also includes a capacitive device. By changing the resonant frequency of the energy consuming circuit, the resonant frequency of the energy consuming circuit can be made equal to the blade vibration frequency. The difference satisfies the preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blades, that is, Ω≈ω _s ≈ω _I . It can be understood that since the energy-consuming circuit has its own resonant frequency, when its resonant frequency is close to the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade, a larger current I can be generated in the energy-consuming circuit, and the energy-consuming device dissipates Energy=I ² R. When the current is larger, the energy dissipated is greater, and the damping effect of the fan blades is improved.

The preset range in this process may be the same as the preset range satisfied by the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade, which will not be described again here. In addition, ω _I ∈ [0.8×Ω, 1.2×Ω] can also be set to make the resonance effect of the energy-consuming circuit better. Among them, ω _I ∈ [0.8 × Ω, 1.2 × Ω] is obtained through experiments. This is only an example and is not limited. It can also be determined according to the actual situation. The resonant frequency of the energy-consuming circuit can also be understood as the resonant frequency ω _I of the current.

There are connection paths between the energy-consuming devices and inductive devices in the energy-consuming circuit and the capacitive devices in the damper system. That is, there are not only energy-consuming devices, inductive devices, but also capacitive devices in the energy-consuming circuit. .

As an optional example, the number of capacitive devices is one. At this time, this capacitive device is connected to the energy consumption circuit of each damper unit. That is, the entire damper system is connected to a capacitive device.

As another optional example, the number of capacitive devices is multiple. At this time, one or more capacitive devices can be connected to the energy consumption circuit of each damper unit. Among them, the capacitive devices connected to the energy consumption circuits of part or all of the damper units may be the same capacitive device or different capacitive devices. For example, if the number of capacitive devices is 3 and the number of damper units is 3, and each damper unit includes an energy consumption circuit, then the energy consumption circuit of each damper unit can be connected A capacitive device has different connected capacitive devices. In addition, these three capacitive devices can also be connected to the energy consumption circuit of each damper unit, which is not limited here. When a damper unit includes multiple energy consuming circuits, the capacitive devices connected to the multiple energy consuming circuits included in the same damper unit can also be the same capacitive device or different capacitive devices. , no limitation is made here.

As an optional example, the capacitive device may be a capacitive device with an adjustable capacitance value. As an optional example, the capacitive device is a capacitive device with an unadjustable capacitance value, such as a capacitor composed of dual capacitor plates.

For example, the inductance value of the inductive device and the capacitance value of the capacitive device are adjustable, both of which are used to change the resonant frequency of the energy-consuming circuit, so that the difference between the resonant frequency of the energy-consuming circuit and the blade vibration frequency satisfies A preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blades.

Among them, "adjustment" can be understood as directly adjusting the inductance value of the inductive device and directly adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitive device when the inductive device and the capacitive device are inductive devices with adjustable inductance and capacitive devices with adjustable capacitance. That's it; "adjustment" can also be understood as when the inductive devices and capacitive devices are inductive devices with unadjustable inductance and capacitive devices with unadjustable capacitance, the inductive devices and capacitive devices in the damper system can be adjusted, that is, directly Select an inductive device and a capacitive device. The inductance value of the selected inductive device and the capacitance value of the selected capacitive device can make the difference between the resonant frequency of the energy consumption circuit and the vibration frequency of the blade meet the requirements to make the target system and the wind turbine blade Preset range for resonance.

Referring to Figure 3, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection method of an inductive device, an energy-consuming device and a capacitive device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3(a)-3(d), the connection methods of inductive devices, energy-consuming devices and capacitive devices in energy-consuming circuits are as follows:

Inductive devices, energy-consuming devices and capacitive devices are connected in series;

Inductive devices, energy-consuming devices and capacitive devices are connected in parallel;

Energy-consuming devices are connected in parallel with capacitive devices, and then connected in series with inductive devices;

Energy-consuming devices are connected in series with inductive devices, and then connected in parallel with capacitive devices.

As shown in Figure 3(a), the first connection method is that inductive devices, energy-consuming devices and capacitive devices are connected in series. When the energy-consuming circuit resonates, it is series resonance. As shown in Figure 3(b), the second connection method is that inductive devices, energy-consuming devices and capacitive devices are connected in parallel. When the energy-consuming circuit resonates, it is parallel resonance. It can be seen that the resonant frequency formulas in series resonance and parallel resonance are both

As shown in Figure 3(c), the third connection method is that the energy-consuming device is connected in series with the inductive device, and then connected in parallel with the capacitive device. The resonant frequency formula of the energy-consuming circuit in this connection mode is:

As shown in Figure 3(d), the fourth connection method is that the energy-consuming device is connected in parallel with the capacitive device, and then connected in series with the inductive device. The resonant frequency formula of the energy-consuming circuit in this connection mode is:

It can be understood that when the connection modes of inductive devices, energy-consuming devices and capacitive devices in an energy-consuming circuit are the third connection mode and the fourth connection mode, in addition to adjusting the inductance value of the inductive device and the capacitive device Capacitance value, it is also necessary to adjust the resistance value of the energy-consuming device.

It can also be understood that if the inductive device is a coil and the energy-consuming circuit includes multiple coils, the inductance value L in the above resonant frequency formula is the inductance value obtained by taking the multiple coils as a whole. If the energy-consuming device is a resistor, and when the energy-consuming circuit includes multiple resistors, the resistance value R in the above resonant frequency formula is the resistance value obtained by taking the multiple resistors as a whole. If the capacitive device is a capacitor, when the energy-consuming circuit includes multiple capacitors, the capacitance value C in the above resonant frequency formula is the capacitance value obtained by taking the multiple capacitors as a whole.

Based on the above content, it can be seen that through the setting of Ω ≈ ω _s ≈ ω _I , the wind turbine blades can resonate with the target system, and the energy consumption circuit can resonate, so that the target component can have a larger amplitude through resonance, and the inductive device Relative motion occurs between the magnetic device and the energy-consuming circuit, so that a large induced current is generated through the resonance of the energy-consuming circuit, and a large energy consumption is generated through the energy-consuming device, thereby increasing the blade damping to a large extent.

The structure of the four damper units will be introduced in detail below. Referring to Figure 4, Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a damper unit provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 5, Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another damper unit provided by an embodiment of the present application. In addition, by exchanging the positions of the magnetic device and the inductive device on the basis of Figure 4, a damper unit structure can be obtained. By exchanging the positions of the magnetic device and the inductive device on the basis of Figure 5, another structure can be obtained. A structure of a damper unit. It can be understood that the damper system installed in the wind turbine blade may include the damper unit shown in Figure 5, the damper unit shown in Figure 6, the position of the magnetic device and the inductive device in the damper unit shown in Figure 5 The damper unit obtained by exchanging the positions of the magnetic device and the inductive device in the damper unit shown in Figure 6 is not limited.

With reference to Figures 4 and 5, the damper unit includes an energy-consuming device 2, an inductive device 6, a magnetic device 3, and an elastic element 5, as well as a mounting base 1, a sliding cage 4, and a slide rail 8. Also shown in Figures 4 and 5 is the capacitive element 7 in the damper unit. The energy-consuming devices in Figures 4 and 5 are all represented by adjustable resistors, inductive devices are represented by coils, magnetic devices are represented by magnet groups, elastic components are represented by springs, and capacitive components are represented by capacitors. , is only an example and does not constitute a limitation. When the magnetic device is installed on the sliding cage, the overall weight of the magnetic device and the sliding cage in Figures 4 and 5 is m, the stiffness of the spring is k, ω _s is the natural frequency of the target system, and the number of magnetic devices is N _m . As shown in Figures 4 and 5, for example, the magnets in the magnet set are bar magnets, and the magnetic poles of the bar magnets include N poles and S poles. The same magnetic pole orientation of each magnetic device is opposite to that of the adjacent magnetic device, that is, the magnetic pole arrangement in the first direction is opposite.

Taking Figure 4 as a reference, the mounting base 1 is used to be fixed on the wind turbine blade, so that the entire damper system is fixed on the wind turbine blade. One end of the slide rail 8 is used to connect the mounting base 1, and the other end passes through the sliding cage 4 to connect the mounting base 1 and the sliding cage 4. The sliding cage 4 can slide on the sliding rail 8. The sliding cage 4 is connected to the installation base 1 through the elastic element 5. The sliding cage 4 can slide on the slide rail 8 because after the target system composed of the elastic element 5 and the target element resonates with the fan blade, the elastic element 5 and Driven by the vibration of the target component. As an optional example, when the elastic element is a spring, the spring can be sleeved on the slide rail, as shown in Figure 4.

As shown in Figure 4, the inductive device 6 is installed on the mounting base 1, and the magnetic device 3 is installed on the sliding cage 4. At this time, the target component is the magnetic device 3. The target system (including the magnetic device 3 and the elastic element 5) is used to drive the sliding cage 4 to move repeatedly on the slide rail 8 according to the vibration direction of the target element when vibrating. The magnetic device 3 and the inductive device 6 on the sliding cage 4 Relative motion in the first direction occurs. As a result, relative movement in the first direction occurs between the magnetic device 3 and the inductive device 6, the magnetic flux passing through the inductive device changes, and subsequently an induced current is generated in the energy-consuming circuit.

Among them, the vibration direction of the target system is the vibration direction of the target component. It can be seen that the vibration direction of the target component and the blade oscillation direction of the wind turbine blade satisfy the preset angle range, that is, the vibration direction of the target component is determined. In practice, the positions of each structure in the damper unit (such as the mounting base, slide rails, elastic components, sliding cages, magnetic devices, and inductive devices) are adjusted so that the vibration direction of the target component and the blade oscillation direction satisfy Default angle range.

As an optional example, the first direction is the normal direction of the inductive device or a direction with an interval angle from the normal direction of the inductive device. The interval angle can be an error angle within an allowable range, and the error angle is usually small. There is no limit here and can be determined according to the actual situation. The relative movement in the first direction refers to the vibration of the magnetic device (ie, the target element in this example) causing the inductive device to cut the magnetic field lines of the magnetic device in the first direction of the inductive device. Among them, as shown in Figure 4, the normal direction of the inductive device is the Y direction, and the tangential direction of the inductive device is the Z direction. When the inductive device is a coil, the normal direction of the coil can be understood as the direction of the central axis of the coil (the x direction is the central axis direction as shown in Figure 1), and the tangential direction of the coil is the direction perpendicular to the central axis.

It can be understood that, as shown in Figure 4, the vibration direction of the magnet group can be the Y direction, and the central axis and normal direction of the coil are also the Y direction. Then when the magnet group vibrates in the Y direction, the coil moves in the Y direction (the coil's normal) to cut the magnetic field lines of the magnetic device.

In practical applications, as shown in the specific structure of FIG. 4 , the installation base may include a first base 11 and a second base 12 . For example, the first base and the second base are in a long strip shape, and bolt holes are provided on both the first base and the second base to fix the installation base on the wind turbine blade by installing bolts in the bolt holes. . When the first base and the second base are not provided with bolt holes, the installation base can be pasted on the fan blade. The slide rail includes a first slide rail (the slide rail on the left side in Figure 4) and a second slide rail (the slide rail on the right side in Figure 4). For example, the sliding cage is in a long strip shape, and is located between the first base and the second base and parallel to the first base and the second base. The elastic element includes a first elastic element (the upper left elastic element in Figure 4), a second elastic element (the upper right elastic element in Figure 4), a third elastic element (the lower left elastic element in Figure 4) and a fourth elastic element ( The elastic element on the lower right in Figure 4).

The two ends of the first slide rail are respectively connected (fixed) to the first base and the second base, and pass through the sliding cage. The two ends of the second slide rail are also connected (fixed) to the first base and the second base respectively. Two bases, and pass through the sliding cage. The sliding cage is connected to the first base through the first elastic element and the second elastic element, and the sliding cage is connected to the second base through the third elastic element and the fourth elastic element. The first elastic element and the third elastic element are sleeved on the first slide rail, and the second elastic element and the fourth elastic element are sleeved on the second slide rail.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , when the installation base includes a first base and a second base, the inductive devices are installed side by side on the first base and the second base respectively. The magnetic components are installed side by side on the sliding cage. In Figure 4, the direction in which inductive devices or magnetic devices are arranged side by side can be the direction perpendicular to the vibration direction of the target system (for example, when the vibration direction of the target system is the Y direction, the direction in which inductive devices or magnetic devices are arranged side by side is the Z direction, and the inductive device , the direction of the central axis of the magnetic device is the Y direction). For example, the number of inductive devices installed in parallel on the first base, the number of inductive devices installed in parallel on the second base, and the number of magnetic devices installed in parallel on the sliding cage are the same. It can be seen that when the number of inductive devices in the embodiment of the present application is multiple, multiple inductive devices are connected in parallel to the energy consumption circuit.

When the target system resonates with the fan blades, each elastic component and magnetic component vibrates, driving the sliding cage to move repeatedly on the slide rail in the direction of vibration of the target component. The first-party interaction occurs between the magnetic component and the inductive component on the sliding cage. upward relative motion. As a result, currents are induced in the energy-consuming circuit. In practical applications, as shown in Figure 4, when the first elastic element and the second elastic element are compressed, the third elastic element and the fourth elastic element are stretched.

It can be understood that, in order to cause relative movement in the first direction between the magnetic device and the inductive device, the elastic element, the slide rail, the central axis direction of the magnetic device, the central axis direction of the inductive device, etc. can be aligned with the direction of the target component. The vibration direction is the same.

The above has introduced the specific structural composition of Figure 4. In practical applications, the installation base can only include the first base or the second base, and the inductive device is only installed on the first base or the second base. In this case The number of inductive devices is the same as the number of magnetic devices. On this basis, the elastic element may include only two elastic elements. If the installation base only includes the first base, the elastic element includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element. If the installation base only includes the second base, the elastic element includes a third elastic element and a fourth elastic element.

In addition, as an optional example, based on the specific structure of Figure 4, the installation positions of the inductive device and the magnetic device can also be exchanged, that is, the inductive device 6 is installed on the sliding cage 4, and the magnetic device 3 is installed on the mounting base. 1 to form another structural structure of the damper unit. At this time, the magnetic device can be installed on the first base and/or the second base. The target component is an inductive device. It can be seen that in this case, the target system (including the inductive device 6 and the elastic element 5) can also be used to drive the sliding cage to move repeatedly on the slide rail according to the vibration direction of the target element during vibration, so that the sliding cage The inductive device and the magnetic device undergo relative movement in the first direction. In this example, the relative movement in the first direction refers to the vibration of the inductive element (ie, the target element in this example) such that the inductive element cuts the magnetic flux lines of the magnetic element in the first direction of the inductive element.

Referring to Figure 5, Figure 5 shows another structure of the damper unit. It can be seen that the structures of the mounting base and sliding cage in the damper units shown in Figures 4 and 5 are different, and the spatial positions of the mounting base, sliding cage, slide rails, and elastic elements are different. .

Taking Figure 5 as a reference, the mounting base 1 is used to be fixed on the wind turbine blade, so that the entire damper system is fixed on the wind turbine blade. One end of the slide rail 8 is used to connect the mounting base 1, and the other end passes through the sliding cage 4 to connect the mounting base 1 and the sliding cage 4. The sliding cage 4 can slide on the sliding rail 8. The sliding cage 4 is connected to the installation base 1 through the elastic element 5. The sliding cage 4 can slide on the slide rail 8 because after the target system composed of the elastic element 5 and the target element resonates with the fan blade, the elastic element 5 driven by vibration. As an optional example, when the elastic element is a spring, the spring can be sleeved on the slide rail, as shown in Figure 5.

As shown in Figure 5, the inductive device 6 is installed on the sliding cage 4, and the magnetic device 3 is installed on the mounting base 1. At this time, the target component is the inductive component 6 . The target system (including the inductive device 6 and the elastic element 5) is used to drive the sliding cage 4 to move repeatedly on the slide rail 8 according to the vibration direction of the target element when vibrating. The inductive device 6 on the sliding cage 4 and the magnetic device 3 Relative motion in the second direction occurs. As a result, relative movement in the second direction occurs between the magnetic device 3 and the inductive device 6, and the magnetic flux passing through the inductive device changes, which subsequently generates an induced current in the energy-consuming circuit.

As an optional example, the second direction is the tangential direction of the inductive device or a direction with an interval angle from the tangential direction of the inductive device. The interval angle can be an error angle within an allowable range, and the error angle is usually small. There is no limit here and can be determined according to the actual situation. The relative movement in the second direction refers to the vibration of the magnetic device causing the inductive device to cut the magnetic field lines of the magnetic device in the second direction of the inductive device. Among them, as shown in Figure 5, the normal direction of the inductive device is the Z direction, and the tangential direction of the inductive device is the Y direction. When the inductive device is a coil, the normal direction of the coil can be understood as the direction of the central axis of the coil (the x direction is the central axis direction as shown in Figure 1), and the tangential direction of the coil is the direction perpendicular to the central axis.

As shown in Figure 5, the vibration direction of the magnet group can be the Y direction, and the tangential direction of the coil is the Y direction. When the magnet group vibrates in the Y direction, the coil cuts the magnetic field of the magnetic device in the Y direction (tangential direction of the coil). sense line.

In practical applications, as shown in the specific structure shown in Figure 5, the mounting base can be in a long strip shape, and bolt holes are provided on the mounting base to fix the mounting base on the wind turbine blade by installing bolts in the bolt holes. . The number of mounting bases is one. When the mounting base is not provided with bolt holes, the mounting base can be pasted on the fan blade. The slide rail includes a third slide rail (the slide rail on the left side in Figure 5) and a fourth slide rail (the slide rail on the right side in Figure 5). The elastic element includes a fifth elastic element (the elastic element on the left side in Figure 5) and a sixth elastic element (the elastic element on the right side in Figure 5). By way of example, the sliding cage is a square frame. The square frame includes a first side, a second side, a third side and a fourth side. The first and second sides are the opposite sides, and the third and fourth sides are the opposite sides.

One end of the third slide rail is connected to one end of the mounting base, and the other end of the third slide rail passes through the first side of the sliding cage. One end of the fourth slide rail is connected to the other end of the mounting base, and the other end of the fourth slide rail passes through the second side of the sliding cage. The first side and the second side are opposite sides. The first side of the sliding cage is connected to one end of the mounting base through the fifth elastic element, and the second side of the sliding cage is connected to the other end of the mounting base through the sixth elastic element. For example, the fifth elastic element is sleeved on the third slide rail, and the sixth elastic element is sleeved on the fourth slide rail. The target system is used to drive the sliding cage to move repeatedly on the slide rail according to the vibration direction of the target component when vibrating, and the magnetic device and the inductive device on the sliding cage undergo relative movement in the second direction. As a result, currents are induced in the energy-consuming circuit. In practical applications, as shown in Figure 5, when the fifth elastic element compresses, the sixth elastic element stretches.

For example, as shown in Figure 5, inductive devices may be mounted on the third and fourth sides of the sliding cage. For example, the number of inductive devices installed on the third side of the sliding cage, the number of inductive devices installed on the fourth side of the sliding cage, and the number of magnetic devices on the mounting base are the same. It can be seen that when the number of inductive devices is multiple, multiple inductive devices are connected in parallel to the energy consumption circuit. In addition, when the number of inductive devices or magnetic devices is plural, the inductive devices are arranged in parallel and the magnetic devices are also arranged in parallel. For example, after the inductive device and the magnetic device are installed side by side on the mounting base and the sliding cage respectively, the direction in which the inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged side by side can be the vibration direction of the target system (for example, when the vibration direction of the target system is the Y direction) , the direction in which inductive devices or magnetic devices are arranged side by side is the Y direction, and the direction of the central axis of inductive devices and magnetic devices is both the Z direction).

It can be understood that, in order to cause relative movement between the magnetic device and the inductive device in the second direction, the elastic element and the slide rail provided can be the same as the vibration direction of the target element. The direction of the central axis of the magnetic device and the center of the inductive device The axis direction can be perpendicular to the vibration direction of the target component.

The above describes the specific structural composition of Figure 4. In practical applications, the inductive device can be installed on the third or fourth side of the sliding cage, that is, only on one side. At this time, the number of inductive devices is the same as the number of magnetic devices.

In addition, as an optional example, based on the specific structure of Figure 5, the installation positions of the inductive device and the magnetic device can also be exchanged, that is, the inductive device 6 is installed on the installation base, and the magnetic device is installed on the sliding cage. To form another structural structure of the damper unit. At this time, the magnetic device can be mounted on the third side and/or the fourth side. The target component is a magnetic device. The elastic element is used to drive the sliding cage to move repeatedly on the slide rail according to the vibration direction of the target element when vibrating, so that the magnetic device and the inductive device on the sliding cage undergo relative movement in the second direction. The relative movement in the second direction refers to the vibration of the inductive device causing the inductive device to cut the magnetic field lines of the magnetic device in the second direction of the inductive device.

It can be seen that in the embodiments of the present application, the connection method between the magnetic device, inductive device, etc. and the sliding cage or the mounting base is not limited, and the embedded connection method or other connection methods can be used.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the magnetic devices are all magnet groups composed of bar magnets, and the same magnetic poles of each magnetic device and adjacent magnetic devices are oriented in opposite directions. In addition, the same magnetic poles of multiple magnetic devices can also be oriented in the same direction. Referring to Figure 6, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a magnetic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 7, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of another magnetic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 shows a change in the arrangement of the magnetic devices based on Figure 4, so that the same magnetic poles of multiple magnetic devices are oriented in the same direction. Figure 7 shows a change in the arrangement of the magnetic devices based on Figure 5 so that the same magnetic poles of multiple magnetic devices are oriented in the same direction. It can be understood that when the same magnetic poles of multiple magnetic devices are oriented in the same direction, the spacing between the magnetic devices and adjacent magnetic devices can be appropriately adjusted to avoid mutual repulsion of magnetic poles of the same sex. It can be seen that when the number of magnetic devices remains unchanged, the larger the interval, the larger the space occupied by the damper unit. The interval can be determined according to actual needs.

It can be understood that the composition structures of the damper units shown above all satisfy the formulas involved in the embodiments of the present application.

For example, there is a wind turbine blade with a length of 90m. The wind turbine blade has negative damping in the wind speed range of 11-13m/s. The vibration response amplitude of the oscillation direction of the wind turbine blade is larger in this wind speed range. . Moreover, the vibration shape of the wind turbine blade is first-order oscillation, and the vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade is 0.5Hz. Strong self-excited vibration reduces the operating life of the wind turbine equipment.

Taking the structure shown in Figure 4 as an example, according to the vibration shape of the wind turbine blade being first-order oscillation, the damper system is installed near the front 1/3 of the blade, d ₁ =10m, d ₂ =20m. In order to provide sufficient damping force to the wind turbine blades, the number of damper units in the damper system is selected to be N _c = 10, and each damper unit includes N _m = 20 magnets. Among them, the parameters of each magnet are as follows: residual magnetic density B _r =1.32T, volume of a single magnet v = 2×10 ^-6 m ³ , total weight of magnet group and sliding cage m = 2.5kg. The natural frequency of the target system needs to be the same as the vibration frequency of the blade, so the spring stiffness is selected to be k=35N·m ^-1 . When the vibration frequency of the blade is 0.5Hz, the resonance damping unit is the dynamic vibration absorber of the blade, and the fan blade and damper system resonate. In order to make the energy consumption circuit resonate so that the resonant frequency is the same as the blade vibration frequency and the natural frequency of the target system, select L = 2.84e-5H, C = 3560F, and R = 1Ω.

Referring to Figure 8, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a blade damping ratio provided by an embodiment of the present application. After installing the damper system in the wind turbine blade, the change pattern of the damping ratio of the wind turbine blade at various wind speeds is shown in Figure 8. It can be seen from Figure 8 that when there is no damper system, the wind turbine blades have negative damping in the wind speed range of 11-13m/s; after the damper system is installed, the negative damping range of the wind turbine blades disappears, which improves the performance of the wind turbine. stability.

Based on the fan blade provided in the above method embodiment, the embodiment of the present application also provides a fan blade production method applied to the fan blade described in any of the above embodiments. The fan blade production method of the fan blade will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The blade production method is explained.

Refer to FIG. 9 , which is a flow chart of a wind turbine blade production method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the method includes S901-S904:

S901: Determine the blade vibration frequency of the wind turbine blade.

S902: Arrange a damper system on the wind turbine blade; the damper system includes one damper unit arranged in the spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade or multiple damper units arranged in parallel and spaced apart; the damping The device unit includes an energy-consuming circuit, a magnetic device and an elastic element; the energy-consuming circuit is a circuit composed of an energy-consuming device and an inductive device connected together.

S903: Determine that the inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged relative to each other, and the direction when the target element vibrates and the blade oscillation direction satisfy a preset angle range; wherein the target element is the inductive device or the magnetic device.

S904: Combine the elastic element and the target element to form a damper system, and adjust the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the vibration frequency of the blade to meet the preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade. .

In a possible implementation, the adjustment of the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the vibration frequency of the blade satisfies a preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade, including:

The elastic element stiffness coefficient of the elastic element is adjusted so that the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the vibration frequency of the blade meets a preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade.

As an optional example, the damper system further includes a capacitive device; there is a connection path between the energy-consuming device, the inductive device and the capacitive device in the energy-consuming circuit.

The method also includes:

The difference between the resonant frequency of the energy consumption circuit and the vibration frequency of the blade is adjusted to meet a preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade.

In a possible implementation, the adjustment of the difference between the resonant frequency of the energy consumption circuit and the vibration frequency of the blade satisfies a preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade, including:

Adjust the inductance value of the inductive device and the capacitance value of the capacitive device so that the difference between the resonant frequency of the energy consumption circuit and the vibration frequency of the blade is sufficient to enable the target system to resonate with the wind turbine blade. the default range.

As an optional example, the damper system is installed on a non-mode node of the wind turbine blade.

The method also includes:

Determine the blade vibration mode of the wind turbine blade;

Determine the distance between the damper system and the tip of the wind turbine blade according to the blade vibration mode;

Determining the distance between the damper system and the tip of the wind turbine blade according to the blade vibration mode includes:

When the blade oscillation mode is first-order oscillation, determine the distance between the damper system and the tip of the fan blade as a first distance value;

When the blade oscillation vibration mode is a second-order oscillation vibration, determine the distance between the damper system and the tip of the fan blade as a second distance value;

Wherein, the first distance value is smaller than the second distance value.

It can be understood that the fan blade production method of the fan blade provided in this embodiment can be applied to produce the fan blades in the above embodiments. For descriptions of the relevant functions and principles of the fan blades, please refer to the above embodiments, and will not be described again here. .

In a possible implementation manner, an embodiment of the present application further provides a wind turbine, which includes the wind turbine blade described in any of the above embodiments.

In a possible implementation manner, the embodiment of the present application also provides a damper system. The damper system includes one damper unit arranged in the target direction or multiple damper units arranged in parallel and spaced apart;

The damper unit includes energy consumption circuits, magnetic devices and elastic components;

The energy-consuming circuit is a loop composed of energy-consuming devices and inductive devices connected;

The inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged oppositely; when the first target element is used to vibrate together with the elastic element, the first target element and the second target element move relative to each other; when the first target element is an inductive device, the second target element is magnetic device; when the first target component is a magnetic device, the second target component is an inductive device.

Among them, the target direction can be the spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade, which is not limited here and can be determined according to the actual application scenario of the damper system.

As an optional example, the damper system also includes a capacitive device, and there is a connection path between the energy-consuming device, the inductive device and the capacitive device in the energy-consuming circuit.

As an optional example, the damper unit in the damper system may be the damper unit shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 in the embodiment of the present application, which is not limited here.

It can be understood that the description of the relevant functions and principles of the damper system provided by this embodiment can be referred to the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or that contributes to the existing technology. The computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, disk , optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions to cause a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a media gateway, etc.) to execute the various embodiments or certain parts of the embodiments of this application. method.

It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. As for the method disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the system disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple. For relevant details, please refer to the description of the system part.

It should also be noted that, as used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprises," or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements , but also includes other elements not expressly listed or inherent in such process, method, article or equipment. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprises a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the stated element.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be practiced in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the present application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (21)

1. A fan blade, characterized in that a damper system is arranged on the fan blade; the damper system comprises one damper unit or a plurality of damper units arranged at intervals in parallel, wherein the damper units are arranged in the direction of the expanding direction of the fan blade;

the damper unit comprises an energy consumption circuit, a magnetic device and an elastic element;

the energy consumption circuit is a loop formed by connecting an energy consumption device and an inductive device;

the inductive device and the magnetic device are oppositely arranged, and the direction of the target element when vibrating and the blade shimmy direction of the fan blade meet a preset angle range; wherein the target element is the inductive device or the magnetic device;

the elastic element and the target element form a target system, and the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency of the fan blade meets a preset range capable of enabling the target system to resonate with the fan blade.

2. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein the spring element stiffness coefficient of the spring element is adjustable for varying the natural frequency of the target system such that a difference between the natural frequency of the target system and a blade vibration frequency of the fan blade satisfies a preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the fan blade.

3. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein the fan blade is configured to move,

the damper system further includes a capacitive device; a connecting passage is arranged among the energy consumption device, the inductive device and the capacitive device in the energy consumption circuit; and

the inductance value of the inductive device and the capacitance value of the capacitive device are adjustable, both for varying the resonant frequency of the energy dissipating circuit such that the difference between the resonant frequency of the energy dissipating circuit and the blade vibration frequency satisfies the preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the fan blade.

4. The fan blade of any of claims 1, wherein the damper unit further comprises a mounting base, a sliding cage, and a sliding rail; the mounting base is used for being fixed on the fan blade; one end of the sliding rail is used for connecting the mounting base, and the other end of the sliding rail penetrates through the sliding retainer; the sliding retainer is connected with the mounting base through the elastic element;

the inductive device is mounted on the mounting base, the magnetic device is mounted on the sliding retainer, and the target element is the magnetic device; the target system is used for driving the sliding retainer to repeatedly move on the sliding rail according to the vibration direction of the target element when vibrating, so that the magnetic device and the inductive device generate relative movement in a first direction.

5. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein the damper unit further comprises a mounting base, a sliding retainer, and a sliding rail; the mounting base is used for being fixed on the fan blade; one end of the sliding rail is used for connecting the mounting base, and the other end of the sliding rail penetrates through the sliding retainer; the sliding retainer is connected with the mounting base through the elastic element;

the inductive device is arranged on the sliding retainer, the magnetic device is arranged on the mounting base, and the target element is the inductive device; the target system is used for driving the sliding retainer to repeatedly move on the sliding rail according to the vibration direction of the target element when vibrating, so that the magnetic device and the inductive device generate relative movement in a first direction.

6. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein the damper unit further comprises a mounting base, a sliding retainer, and a sliding rail; the mounting base is used for being fixed on the fan blade; one end of the sliding rail is used for connecting the mounting base, and the other end of the sliding rail penetrates through the sliding retainer; the sliding retainer is connected with the mounting base through the elastic element;

The inductive device is mounted on the mounting base, the magnetic device is mounted on the sliding retainer, and the target element is the magnetic device; the target system is used for driving the sliding retainer to repeatedly move on the sliding rail according to the vibration direction of the target element when vibrating, so that the magnetic device and the inductive device generate relative movement in a second direction.

7. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein the damper unit further comprises a mounting base, a sliding retainer, and a sliding rail; the mounting base is used for being fixed on the fan blade; one end of the sliding rail is used for connecting the mounting base, and the other end of the sliding rail penetrates through the sliding retainer; the sliding retainer is connected with the mounting base through the elastic element;

the inductive device is arranged on the sliding retainer, the magnetic device is arranged on the mounting base, and the target element is the inductive device; the target system is used for driving the sliding retainer to repeatedly move on the sliding rail according to the vibration direction of the target element when vibrating, so that the magnetic device and the inductive device generate relative movement in a second direction.

8. The fan blade of any of claims 1-7 wherein the damper system is mounted to one or more of an inner surface of a fan blade skin, an outer surface of the fan blade skin, and a fan blade spar region.

9. The fan blade of any of claims 1-7 wherein the damper system is mounted on a non-vibration mode node of the fan blade; the distance from the damper system to the tip of the fan blade is determined according to the blade shimmy mode;

when the blade shimmy vibration mode is first-order shimmy, the distance from the damper system to the tip of the fan blade is a first distance value;

when the blade shimmy vibration mode is second-order shimmy, the distance from the damper system to the tip of the fan blade is a second distance value;

wherein the first distance value is smaller than the second distance value.

10. The fan blade of any of claims 1-7, wherein when the number of magnetic devices in the damper unit is plural, plural of the magnetic devices are juxtaposed.

11. The fan blade of claim 10, wherein the magnetic device is a bar magnet, the poles of the bar magnet comprising N and S poles;

The same magnetic poles of a plurality of the magnetic devices face the same direction, or each magnetic device faces the same magnetic poles of adjacent magnetic devices in opposite directions.

12. The fan blade of any of claims 1-7, wherein the energy dissipating device is a resistive device; the resistance device is an adjustable resistance device; the resistance value of the adjustable resistance device is adjustable for changing the blade damping of the fan blade.

13. A fan blade according to claim 3, wherein when the number of said capacitive devices is one, said capacitive devices are connected in the energy consumption circuit of each said damper unit;

when the number of the capacitive devices is a plurality of, one or a plurality of the capacitive devices are connected into the energy consumption circuit of each damper unit.

14. Fan blade according to claim 3 or 13, wherein the inductive device, the energy dissipating device and the capacitive device in the energy dissipating circuit are connected in one of the following ways:

the inductive device, the energy consumption device and the capacitive device are connected in series;

the inductive device, the energy consumption device and the capacitive device are connected in parallel;

The energy consumption device is connected with the capacitive device in parallel and then connected with the inductive device in series;

the energy consumption device is connected with the inductive device in series and then connected with the capacitive device in parallel.

15. A method of producing a fan blade for use with the fan blade of any of claims 1 to 14, the method comprising:

determining the blade vibration frequency of a fan blade;

disposing a damper system on the fan blade; the damper system comprises one damper unit or a plurality of damper units arranged at intervals in parallel, wherein the damper units are arranged in the direction of the expanding direction of the fan blade; the damper unit comprises an energy consumption circuit, a magnetic device and an elastic element; the energy consumption circuit is a loop formed by connecting an energy consumption device and an inductive device;

determining that the inductive device and the magnetic device are arranged oppositely, and enabling the direction of the target element when vibrating and the blade shimmy direction to meet a preset angle range; wherein the target element is the inductive device or the magnetic device;

and forming the damper system by the elastic element and the target element, and adjusting the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the vibration frequency of the blade to meet the preset range capable of enabling the target system to resonate with the fan blade.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein said adjusting the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the blade vibration frequency to satisfy a predetermined range that enables the target system to resonate with the fan blade comprises:

and adjusting the stiffness coefficient of the elastic element so that the difference between the natural frequency of the target system and the vibration frequency of the blade meets the preset range capable of enabling the target system to resonate with the fan blade.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the damper system further comprises a capacitive device; a connecting passage is arranged among the energy consumption device, the inductive device and the capacitive device in the energy consumption circuit;

the method further comprises the steps of:

and adjusting the difference between the resonant frequency of the energy consumption circuit and the vibration frequency of the blade to meet the preset range capable of enabling the target system to resonate with the fan blade.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein said adjusting the difference between the resonant frequency of the power consumption circuit and the blade vibration frequency to meet the preset range that enables the target system to resonate with the fan blade comprises:

And adjusting the inductance value of the inductive device and the capacitance value of the capacitive device so that the difference between the resonant frequency of the energy consumption circuit and the vibration frequency of the blade meets the preset range capable of enabling the target system to resonate with the fan blade.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the damper system is mounted on a non-vibration mode node of the fan blade; the method further comprises the steps of:

determining a blade shimmy vibration mode of the fan blade;

determining the distance between the damper system and the tip of the fan blade according to the blade shimmy mode;

the determining the distance between the damper system and the blade tip of the fan according to the blade shimmy mode comprises the following steps:

when the blade shimmy vibration mode is first-order shimmy, determining that the distance between the damper system and the tip of the fan blade is a first distance value;

when the blade shimmy vibration mode is second-order shimmy, determining that the distance between the damper system and the tip of the fan blade is a second distance value;

wherein the first distance value is smaller than the second distance value.

20. A wind power generator comprising a wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

21. A damper system, characterized in that the damper system includes one damper unit disposed in a target direction or a plurality of damper units disposed in parallel at intervals;

the damper unit comprises an energy consumption circuit, a magnetic device and an elastic element;

the energy consumption circuit is a loop formed by connecting an energy consumption device and an inductive device;

the inductive device is arranged opposite to the magnetic device; the first target element is used for generating relative motion with the second target element when vibrating together with the elastic element; when the first target element is the inductive device, the second target element is the magnetic device; when the first target element is the magnetic device, the second target element is the inductive device.