CN116837303A - Composite treatment method for regulating and controlling residual stress and improving mechanical property of 2-series aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Composite treatment method for regulating and controlling residual stress and improving mechanical property of 2-series aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 124
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 31
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910018565 CuAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite treatment method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of a 2-series aluminum alloy and improving the mechanical property, which comprises the following steps of S1, constructing a sample model and obtaining a sample model diagram; s2, supplementing physical parameters of the input sample model; s3, setting an electric current field in the sample model component; s4, setting a solid heat transfer field in the sample model assembly; s5, carrying out steady-state simulation on heating and heat dissipation after the sample is electrified, and calculating to obtain steady-state current of the sample model; s6, clamping a sample to be treated on the electro-thermal-magnetic equipment, and carrying out pulse current treatment by using steady-state current; s7, setting magnetic field parameters, and carrying out magnetic treatment on the sample; s8, switching off the magnetic field power supply and the electric field power supply. The method for compounding treatment of the invention regulates and controls the residual stress of the aluminum alloy, promotes the release of the residual stress in the material by the coupling effect of the pulse magnetic field and the high-frequency current, can reduce the residual stress by 40% -50%, improves the plasticity of the material and increases the elongation of the material by about 13%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of residual stress regulation and control, and particularly relates to a composite treatment method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of a 2-series aluminum alloy and improving mechanical properties.
Background
The aluminium alloy has the characteristics of high strength and low density, can be used for manufacturing mechanical parts and components bearing larger load, and is a nonferrous metal material widely applied to industry. The 2-series aluminum alloy is also called Al-Cu alloy, is a high-strength aluminum alloy, has much higher strength than common high-strength steel, and is therefore often used as a main structural material of an aircraft. The 2 series aluminum alloy is strengthened by adopting a solid solution and aging treatment method, a supersaturated solid solution is obtained by quenching, and then the supersaturated solid solution is heated at room temperature or low temperature for a period of time, and the supersaturated solid solution is decomposed and a strengthening phase theta (CuAl) is precipitated along with the extension of the time 2 ) The strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy are obviously improved. Although the strengthening means of solid solution and aging obviously improves the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy, the quenching stage of the solid solution treatment is a severe unbalanced cooling process, the difference of cooling speeds leads to the existence of a large temperature difference between the surface layer and the core part of the workpiece, the large temperature gradient brings about uneven plastic deformation, and finally, large residual stress is left in the material. Meanwhile, the strengthening phase precipitated at the grain boundary grows and gathers, so that the local deformation of the tissue is uneven, and the internal stress of the material is increased.
At present, the method for regulating and controlling the internal residual stress of the high-strength aluminum alloy can be divided into two types in principle: mechanical action and thermal action. The mechanical action comprises vibration aging, mechanical bulging, cold stretching, pre-deformation and the like, and the thermal action comprises heat treatment aging, graded heat treatment, deep cooling treatment and the like. Wherein the vibration aging period is long and may damage localized areas of the workpiece; mechanical bulging, cold stretching and the like are only suitable for parts with simple configurations, and the adjusting effect is limited; the heat treatment and the cryogenic treatment have the defects of long time consumption, high energy consumption and high production cost.
At room temperature, the resistivity of copper is only 1.75×10 -8 Omega.m, which indicates that copper is more conductive than most metals, this is alsoCopper is used as one of the reasons for the wire. In addition, the permeability of copper is 1.72×10 6 H/m, is superior to most non-ferromagnetic materials. In other words, copper has a strong permeability in a magnetic field, except for ferromagnetic materials such as iron, cobalt, and nickel. The lower resistivity and higher permeability of copper determine its significant electrical and magnetic effects in electric and magnetic fields.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite treatment method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of a 2-series aluminum alloy and improving the mechanical property, aiming at the defects in the prior art, so as to solve the problem that the regulation and control of the residual stress in the existing aluminum-copper alloy are difficult.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a composite treatment method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of a 2-series aluminum alloy and improving the mechanical property comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting size parameters of a sample into COMSOL Multiphysics multi-physical-field simulation software, constructing a sample model and obtaining a sample model diagram;
s2, selecting aluminum alloy as a material of a sample model, and supplementing physical parameters input into the sample model;
s3, setting an electric field in the sample model component, wherein the electric field comprises an electric field excitation source, current conservation and insulation conditions;
s4, setting a solid heat transfer field in the sample model assembly, wherein the solid heat transfer field comprises boundary conditions of sample heat transfer;
s5, carrying out steady-state simulation on heating and heat dissipation after the sample is electrified, and calculating to obtain steady-state current when the temperature of the sample model is 250 ℃;
s6, clamping a sample to be processed on the electric-thermal-magnetic equipment, and performing pulse current processing by using the steady-state current in the step S5;
s7, collecting the temperature of the sample in real time, setting magnetic field parameters when the temperature reaches 250 ℃, and carrying out magnetic treatment on the sample;
and S8, after the magnetic treatment is finished, the magnetic field power supply and the electric field power supply are turned off, and when the sample is naturally cooled, the aluminum alloy control piece is obtained.
Further, the physical parameters in step S2 include conductivity 3.53 x 10A 7S/m and thermal conductivity 204W/(m.k).
Further, step S3 includes:
defining the current conservation 1 to mean that the whole sample material is uniform and has consistent conductivity;
the current flows in from one end of the sample and flows out from the other end, the inflow end is set as a terminal 1, and the current with the intensity I is applied; setting the outflow end as a ground 1, wherein the potential at the ground 1 is 0;
the other surface of the sample is set as an electrical insulation 1, i.e. the surface is free from inflow and outflow of current;
the overall sample initial value 1 was set to 0, i.e., there was no voltage or current in the sample before the experiment began.
Further, step S4 includes:
setting the whole sample as a solid 1, and matching a heat transfer equation;
setting the initial value 1 of the sample to 293.15K;
setting the two end faces of the sample current in and out as thermal insulation 1;
setting heat flux 1 on four surfaces of the sample exposed to air, selecting convection heat flux and heat transfer coefficient htc, and setting the external temperature to 293.15K;
after the power is on, the temperature of the sample is raised, radiation heat transfer exists between the sample and the environment, the states of the four surfaces are set as the state that the surfaces radiate the environment 1, the surface emissivity is the material property, and the environment is the room temperature.
Further, step S5 includes:
adding a domain probe 1, selecting an average value of probe types, selecting a region as a whole sample, and selecting a temperature T in an expression;
based on the data of domain probe 1, when the current flowing through the sample was the initial state 1000A, the sample began to warm up and eventually remained stable at 69.87 ℃; at this time, heat accumulation caused by the Joule heat effect is balanced with heat dissipation of the sample to the environment, and the sample is not heated any more;
setting parameters as running current and upper limit 4000A, and drawing a relation diagram of the current and the sample temperature based on the acquired data of the domain probe 1;
the Nelder-Mead optimization method is adopted, an objective function is set to be abs (comp 1.Emh1. Tave-523.15), the optimization type is the minimum value, the control variable is I, the lower bound of I is 1000A, the upper bound is 4000A, the sample temperature is 250 ℃, and the reverse steady-state current is 2246.9A.
Further, the parameters of the pulse current in step S6 are: the pulse width of the pulse current was 200ms, the interval was 20ms, and the current was 2246A.
Further, in step S7, the magnetic field parameters are: the magnetic field strength B is 3T, and the interval t=15s of the magnetic pulses.
The composite treatment method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the 2-series aluminum alloy and improving the mechanical property has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts an electric-thermal-magnetic composite treatment method to regulate and control the residual stress of the aluminum alloy, promotes the release of the residual stress in the material through the coupling effect of the pulse magnetic field and the high-frequency current, can reduce the residual stress by 40-50%, improves the plasticity of the material and improves the elongation of the material by about 13%.
The electro-thermal-magnetic composite treatment method of the invention promotes the de-nailing and sliding of dislocation in the aluminum alloy tissue by the action of electromagnetic fields (effects such as electro-plasticity, magnetostriction and the like), reduces dislocation entanglement, thereby releasing stress and improving the plasticity of the aluminum alloy.
The invention heats the sample by utilizing the Joule heating effect of the current, the temperature provides an energy basis for the migration of elements in the material, and compared with other heat treatments, the invention has the advantages of short time, quick temperature rise and high energy utilization rate.
The invention utilizes the electron wind effect of pulse current and the magnetostriction effect of aluminum alloy in a magnetic field to promote the bit slip and vacancy movement in the material and accelerate the release of residual stress, and has remarkable effect.
The electro-thermal-magnetic composite treatment method of the invention strengthens the element diffusion of the second phase and the matrix in the aluminum alloy, promotes the dissolution of the second phase, is beneficial to improving the energy uniformity of grain boundaries, releasing internal stress and improving plasticity.
According to the method, aiming at samples with different sizes, simulation software can be adopted to calculate the optimal current and voltage, so that the accurate control of the experimental temperature is realized; and the equipment is convenient to operate, the treatment process is easy to adjust, and the process method has strong adaptability to parts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the processing method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of current versus sample temperature for example 1.
Fig. 3 is an iteration diagram of the steady state current in example 1.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
Referring to FIG. 1, the embodiment provides a composite treatment method for adjusting and controlling residual stress and improving mechanical properties of a 2-series aluminum alloy, wherein the treatment object of the method is a 2-series aluminum alloy, and the second phase in the 2-series aluminum alloy is θ (CuAl 2 ) Is a Cu-rich phase, while the aluminum matrix (alpha-Al) is Al-rich and Cu-poor; therefore, the Cu element is formed from the high concentration region (CuAl 2 ) A tendency to migrate to a low concentration region (α -Al). Typically, the above elemental diffusion needs to be performed at an annealing temperature (> 350 ℃) and for a long duration (typically several hours).
In the embodiment, spontaneous temperature rise of the material is realized by utilizing the Joule heating effect of pulse current, and energy is provided for migration of internal elements; and the electron wind effect of current pulse and magnetostriction effect of magnetic field are utilized to promote dislocation slip and vacancy movement in the material, strengthen element diffusion of the second phase and the matrix, facilitate energy homogenization of grain boundary and realize residual stress release, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting size parameters of a sample into COMSOL Multiphysics multi-physical-field simulation software, constructing a sample model and obtaining a sample model diagram;
the method comprises the steps of adopting forging 2A02 blank wire cutting to prepare a sample, wherein the size of the sample is 100 x 30 x 5mm, and the residual stress is distributed on the whole sample;
s2, selecting aluminum alloy as a material of a sample model, and supplementing physical parameters input into the sample model;
physical parameters in this step include, but are not limited to, conductivity 3.53 x 10A 7S/m and thermal conductivity 204W/(m.k).
S3, setting an electric field in the sample model component, wherein the electric field comprises an electric field excitation source, current conservation and insulation conditions;
the arrangement of the current field is as follows:
setting "current conservation 1" means that the whole sample material is uniform and has consistent conductivity;
the current flows in from one end of the sample and flows out from the other end, the inflow end is set as a terminal 1, and the current with the intensity I is applied; setting the outflow end as 'ground 1', and setting the electric potential at the 'ground 1' position as 0;
setting the other surface of the sample as an 'electric insulation 1', namely, the surface does not have inflow and outflow of current; the initial value 1 of the whole sample is set to 0, namely, before the experiment starts, the step S4 of no voltage and current exists in the sample, and a solid heat transfer field is arranged in a sample model component, wherein the solid heat transfer field comprises boundary conditions of sample heat transfer;
specifically, the setting of the solid heat transfer field is:
setting the whole sample as a solid 1, and matching a heat transfer equation;
the heat transfer equation of this step is:
q＝-k▽T；
cp, constant pressure specific heat, J/(kg.K);
ρ: density of material, kg/m 3 ；
u: fluid velocity (vector);
the following steps: gradient operators;
t is the temperature, K;
q is conduction heat flux, W/m 2 ；
Q: heat source, W/m 3 ；
Q ted: Thermoelastic damping, W/m 3 ；
K is thermal conductivity, W/(mK);
setting the initial value 1 of the sample to 293.15K, namely 20 ℃, which means that the sample is at room temperature before the experiment;
the two end faces of the sample current in and out (i.e. in contact with the electrodes) are set to be 'thermal insulation 1', which means that the heat transfer behavior of the two end faces is negligible;
setting 'heat flux 1' on four surfaces of the sample exposed in air, selecting 'convection heat flux' and heat transfer coefficient htc, and setting the external temperature to 293.15K, namely, the environment where the sample is located is room temperature, and natural convection heat transfer exists between the sample and the environment;
after the power is on, the temperature of the sample is raised, radiation heat transfer exists between the sample and the environment, the state of the four surfaces is set as 'surface to environment radiation 1', the surface emissivity is material property, and the environment is room temperature;
step S5, carrying out steady-state simulation on heating and heat dissipation after the sample is electrified, and calculating to obtain steady-state current when the temperature of the sample model is 250 ℃, wherein the steady-state current specifically comprises the following steps:
adding a ' domain probe 1 ' to the component, selecting an average value ' of probe types, selecting a region as a whole sample, and selecting a temperature ' T ' of an expression, namely tracking the whole temperature condition of the sample by adopting the ' domain probe 1 ';
the steady-state research is carried out on the heating and heat dissipation of the sample after the sample is electrified, and the surface temperature of the sample is drawn, specifically:
the data for binding domain probe 1 can be derived: when the current flowing through the sample was in the initial state (1000A), the sample began to warm up and eventually remained stable at 69.87 ℃; at this point, the heat accumulation due to the joule heating effect balances the heat dissipation of the sample to the environment (natural convection and heat radiation), so that the sample no longer heats up.
Performing parameterized scanning on the study to acquire the relation between the current and the temperature of the sample, and setting the parameter as the running current and the upper limit of 4000A with reference to FIG. 2; from the graph, as the current increases, the sample temperature increases gradually, and the curve trend is similar to a quadratic function.
In this example, to obtain a current with an equilibrium temperature of 250 ℃ (523.15K), steady-state study is optimized, nelder-Mead is selected as an optimization method, an objective function is set to be abs (comp 1.Emh1. Tave-523.15), the optimization type is the minimum, the control variable is I, the lower bound of I is 1000A, the upper bound is 4000A, i.e. the steady-state current is reversely calculated at a sample temperature of 250 ℃;
the objective function of this embodiment is:
objective function y=abs (comp 1.Emh1. Tave-523.15)
Wherein: comp1.emh1.tave represents the volume weighted average temperature in K,523.15 is kelvin (K), 250 ℃ (k=273.15+ °c) is the target temperature, abs is the absolute value.
The objective function is thus to calculate the absolute value of the difference between the simulated temperature and the target temperature (250 degrees celsius). The optimization type is the minimum, namely the minimum of the objective function is solved, namely the condition that the simulation temperature is no-ratio and is close to the target temperature is found.
Referring to fig. 3, it can be seen that after one iteration, the objective function is finally made to approach 0 infinitely, and the current is 2246.9a, i.e. the steady-state current is 2246.9a.
Step S6, clamping a sample to be processed on the electric-thermal-magnetic equipment, and performing pulse current processing by using the steady-state current in the step S5, namely setting the pulse width of the pulse current to be 200ms, the interval to be 20ms and the current to be 2246A, then conducting the current, and starting the pulse current processing;
step S7, collecting the temperature of the sample in real time, setting the magnetic field intensity B to be 3T and the interval t=15s of the magnetic pulse after the temperature reaches 250 ℃, and carrying out magnetic treatment on the sample;
and S8, after the magnetic treatment is carried out for 3min, the magnetic field power supply and the electric field power supply are turned off, and the aluminum alloy control piece is obtained after the sample is naturally cooled.
In the method of the embodiment, in order to reduce the oxidization of the sample during the treatment, nitrogen is used for protecting the whole process; in the electric-thermal-magnetic composite treatment process, a pulse magnetic field and current are simultaneously acted on an aluminum alloy workpiece; residual stress detection is carried out on a plurality of test points on the surface of the workpiece before and after the electric-thermal-magnetic composite treatment, and the positions of the stress test points are the same each time; after the electro-thermal-magnetic composite treatment, mechanical property test is carried out on a standard tensile sample prepared from the workpiece for evaluating the plastic improvement condition.
In the treatment process, argon atmosphere protection is carried out on the sample in the whole process, so that the material is prevented from being oxidized; the residual stress is measured according to national standard GB/T7704-2017, nondestructive test X-ray stress determination method.
Tensile strength and elongation were measured according to the national standard GB/T228-2002 "room temperature tensile test method for metallic materials".
The performance index of the 2a02 aluminum alloys after the treatment of example 1 and comparative example 1 are shown in table 1.
Table 1 2 comparison of performance under different conditions of a02
| Processing time | Residual stress (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
| 0 | -217 | 436 | 11.14 |
| 120s | -156 | 431 | 12.22 |
| 240s | -117 | 433 | 12.64 |
As shown in the table, after the electric-thermal-magnetic composite treatment, the residual stress of the 2A02 aluminum alloy is obviously reduced, the maximum reduction is about 46.1%, the tensile strength is basically kept unchanged, the elongation is increased by about 13.5%, and the plasticity of the 2A02 aluminum alloy is obviously improved.
Example 2
The residual stress of this example was measured according to the national standard GB/T7704-2017 nondestructive test X-ray stress determination method.
Tensile strength and elongation were measured according to the national standard GB/T228-2002 "room temperature tensile test method for metallic materials".
The performance indicators of the 2a14 aluminum alloys after the treatment of example 2 and comparative example 2 are listed in table 2;
TABLE 2 comparison of Performance under different conditions 2A14
As shown in the table, after the electric-thermal-magnetic composite treatment, the residual stress of the 2A14 aluminum alloy is obviously reduced by about 54.5% at maximum, the tensile strength is basically kept unchanged, the elongation is increased by about 13.1%, and the plasticity of the 2A14 aluminum alloy is obviously improved.
The invention adopts the method of electric-thermal-magnetic composite treatment to regulate and control the residual stress of the aluminum alloy, and the residual stress release in the material is effectively promoted by the coupling effect of the pulse magnetic field and the high-frequency current, so that the residual stress can be reduced by 40-50%, the plasticity of the material is improved, and the elongation of the material is improved by about 13%.
Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present patent. Various modifications and variations which may be made by those skilled in the art without the creative effort are within the scope of the patent described in the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A composite treatment method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of a 2-series aluminum alloy and improving the mechanical property is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, inputting size parameters of a sample into COMSOL Multiphysics multi-physical-field simulation software, constructing a sample model and obtaining a sample model diagram;
s2, selecting aluminum alloy as a material of a sample model, and supplementing physical parameters input into the sample model;
s3, setting an electric field in the sample model component, wherein the electric field comprises an electric field excitation source, current conservation and insulation conditions;
s4, setting a solid heat transfer field in the sample model assembly, wherein the solid heat transfer field comprises boundary conditions of sample heat transfer;
s5, carrying out steady-state simulation on heating and heat dissipation after the sample is electrified, and calculating to obtain steady-state current when the temperature of the sample model is 250 ℃;
s6, clamping a sample to be processed on the electric-thermal-magnetic equipment, and performing pulse current processing by using the steady-state current in the step S5;
s7, collecting the temperature of the sample in real time, setting magnetic field parameters when the temperature reaches 250 ℃, and carrying out magnetic treatment on the sample;
and S8, after the magnetic treatment is finished, the magnetic field power supply and the electric field power supply are turned off, and when the sample is naturally cooled, the aluminum alloy control piece is obtained.
2. The composite treatment method for regulating and controlling the residual stress and improving the mechanical properties of the 2-series aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the composite treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the physical parameters in the step S2 include conductivity 3.53 x 10A 7S/m and thermal conductivity 204W/(m.k).
3. The composite treatment method for controlling the residual stress and improving the mechanical properties of the 2-series aluminum alloy according to claim 2, wherein the step S3 comprises:
defining the current conservation 1 to mean that the whole sample material is uniform and has consistent conductivity;
the current flows in from one end of the sample and flows out from the other end, the inflow end is set as a terminal 1, and the current with the intensity I is applied; setting the outflow end as a ground 1, wherein the potential at the ground 1 is 0;
the other surface of the sample is set as an electrical insulation 1, i.e. the surface is free from inflow and outflow of current;
the overall sample initial value 1 was set to 0, i.e., there was no voltage or current in the sample before the experiment began.
4. The composite processing method for controlling residual stress and improving mechanical properties of 2-series aluminum alloy according to claim 3, wherein the step S4 comprises:
setting the whole sample as a solid 1, and matching a heat transfer equation;
setting the initial value 1 of the sample to 293.15K;
setting the two end faces of the sample current in and out as thermal insulation 1;
setting heat flux 1 on four surfaces of the sample exposed to air, selecting convection heat flux and heat transfer coefficient htc, and setting the external temperature to 293.15K;
after the power is on, the temperature of the sample is raised, radiation heat transfer exists between the sample and the environment, the states of the four surfaces are set as the state that the surfaces radiate the environment 1, the surface emissivity is the material property, and the environment is the room temperature.
5. The composite treatment method for controlling the residual stress and improving the mechanical properties of the 2-series aluminum alloy according to claim 4, wherein the step S5 comprises:
adding a domain probe 1, selecting an average value of probe types, selecting a region as a whole sample, and selecting a temperature T in an expression;
based on the data of domain probe 1, when the current flowing through the sample was the initial state 1000A, the sample began to warm up and eventually remained stable at 69.87 ℃; at this time, heat accumulation caused by the Joule heat effect is balanced with heat dissipation of the sample to the environment, and the sample is not heated any more;
setting parameters as running current and upper limit 4000A, and drawing a relation diagram of the current and the sample temperature based on the acquired data of the domain probe 1;
the Nelder-Mead optimization method is adopted, the objective function is set to be the minimum value of the optimization type, the control variable is I, the lower bound of I is 1000A, the upper bound is 4000A, the sample temperature is 250 ℃, and the reverse steady-state current is 2246.9A.
6. The composite processing method for controlling residual stress and improving mechanical properties of 2-series aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein the parameters of the pulse current in step S6 are as follows: the pulse width of the pulse current was 200ms, the interval was 20ms, and the current was 2246A.
7. The composite processing method for controlling residual stress and improving mechanical properties of 2-series aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein the magnetic field parameters in the step S7 are as follows: the magnetic field strength B is 3T, and the interval t=15s of the magnetic pulses.
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| US20050092402A1 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2005-05-05 | Walker Donna M. | Methods and apparatus for stress relief using multiple energy sources |
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| CN113699472A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-11-26 | 四川大学 | Method for regulating residual stress of bearing frame of aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling |
| CN115595522A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-01-13 | 东北电力大学（Cn） | Device and method for pre-coupling pulse current and pulse magnetic field assisted shot blasting |
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| US20050092402A1 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2005-05-05 | Walker Donna M. | Methods and apparatus for stress relief using multiple energy sources |
| CN103643192A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-19 | 江苏大学 | Electromagnetic coupling method for improving plastic deformation capacity of aluminum matrix composite |
| CN113502379A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-15 | 华中科技大学 | Device and method for eliminating residual stress of workpiece by using pulse electromagnetic force |
| CN113699472A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-11-26 | 四川大学 | Method for regulating residual stress of bearing frame of aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling |
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