CN116679845A - 触摸感测装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种触摸感测装置，包括透光面板，透光面板限定触摸表面、相对的后表面以及在触摸表面与后表面之间延伸的面板侧。面板侧限定了透光面板的外围。触摸感测装置包括：多个光发射器和多个光探测器，多个光发射器和多个光探测器沿着外围并且邻近面板侧设置；光导，光导被沿着外围设置并且具有第一反射表面，第一反射表面包括漫射光散射元件。光发射器被设置为将相应的光束发射到漫射光散射元件上，以产生在触摸表面上方漫射传播的传播光，光探测器被设置为接收当传播光入射到漫射光散射元件时所产生的检测光，漫射光散射元件被配置为展示至少50％的漫反射，并且漫射光散射元件被并入到光导的在第一反射表面处的内表面中。
Description
本申请是申请日为2018年2月5日、申请号为CN 201880010240.6(国际申请号为PCT/EP2018/052757)、名为“触摸感测系统中的光学耦合”的进入中国国家阶段的PCT申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及触摸感测装置，其工作原理是通过薄透光面板上方的漫射光散射来传播光。本发明尤其涉及用于限定光路的位置的光学解决方案。
背景技术
在被称为“表面上方光学触摸系统”的一类触敏面板中，沿触摸表面外围设置的一组光学发射器，以发射被反射以在触摸面上方行进且传播的光。还沿触摸面的外围设置一组光探测器，以从触摸表面上方接收来自一组发射器的光。对触摸表面进行触摸的对象会使光在光的一个或多个传播路径上衰减，并导致由一个或多个探测器接收到的光发生变化。对象的位置(坐标)、形状或面积可以通过分析在探测器处所接收到的光来确定。
如图1所示，在这种“表面上方光学触摸系统”的变体中，来自发射器109的光经由在边缘反射器或漫射器130上的反射或散射而在面板的触摸表面102上方传播。该光将继续传播，直到在透光面板的相对边缘处被相应的边缘反射器偏转，在该边缘处，光将返回向下散射通过透光面板并且到探测器上。因此，不考虑传播路径时，通过FTIR或在表面上方反射，光最初经由其后表面106耦合到透光面板101中。由于所述边缘位于上述部件和光路的外围，因此该解决方案可容许面板边缘的特性的较大变化。然而，由于该光也是被耦合通过面板，因此，光的散射到触摸表面上方行进的一部分会有一些信号损失。此外，这种设置需要漫射器130覆盖触摸表面102的边缘131，从而减小触摸表面的可用面积，并增加沿面板边缘的高度。在透光面板的顶部添加部件也可能损害系统的鲁棒性。例如，这些部件和透光面板的热膨胀系数可能不同，导致在触摸系统工作时，由于温度变化所导致的部件从透光面板上松脱。即使是很小的或局部的脱离也可能导致系统性能的显著降低。
一些相关技术的系统依靠准直光耦合和传播穿过透光面板。然而，由于关于这些系统的部件对准的小的容差，因此，这些系统难以可靠地实现。例如，光发射器和光探测器需要与各种透镜精确对齐，通过凹面和/或凸面反射和/或折射以获得所需的准直。在批量生产中，这种精确的对准可能很难实现。对准直光或借助于镜面反射所反射的光的使用，也增加了其复杂性，从而导致更昂贵和紧凑性较差的系统。此外，为了降低系统成本，可能需要最小化光电部件的数量。
发明内容
目的是为了至少部分地克服相关技术的上述所确定的限制中的一个或多个限制。
一个目的是为了提供鲁棒且紧凑的基于“表面上方”光传播的触敏装置。
另一个目的是为了提供有效利用光的基于“表面上方”的触敏装置。
借助于根据独立权利要求、及由从属权利要求所限定的实施例的触敏装置来至少部分地实现这些目的中的一个或多个目的以及从下述描述中可能出现的其他目的。
根据第一方面，提供了触摸感测装置，触摸感测装置包括透光面板，透光面板限定触摸表面、相对的后表面和在触摸表面和后表面之间延伸的面板侧。面板侧限定了透光面板的外围。触摸感测装置包括：多个光发射器和多个光探测器，多个光发射器和多个光探测器沿着外围并且邻近面板侧设置；光导，光导被沿着外围设置并且具有第一反射表面，第一反射表面包括漫射光散射元件。光发射器被设置为将相应的光束发射到漫射光散射元件上，以产生在触摸表面上方漫射传播的传播光，其中，光探测器被设置为接收当传播光入射到漫射光散射元件时所产生的检测光，并且其中，漫射光散射元件至少部分地设置在面板侧的外侧且至少部分地在触摸表面上方延伸。
本公开内容的一些示例提供了更鲁棒的触摸感测装置。
本公开内容的一些示例提供了更紧凑的触摸感测装置。
本公开内容的一些示例提供了更易制造的触摸感测装置。
本公开内容的一些示例提供了制造成本更低的触摸感测装置。
本公开内容的一些示例提供了使用更可靠的触摸感测装置。
本公开内容的一些示例提供了对不同尺寸触摸表面具有更好的可扩展性的触摸感测装置。
本公开内容的一些示例提供了对探测光具有更好的信噪比的触摸感测装置。
从下述详细描述、所附权利要求以及附图中，将依然可能出现本公开内容的其他目的、特征、方面和优势。
应强调的是，术语“包含(comprises)/包含(comprising)”在本说明书中被使用时用于指定所述特征、整数、步骤或部件的存在，但不排除一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、部件或及其组的存在或添加。
附图说明
参照附图根据本发明的示例的一下描述，本发明的示例能够体现的这些方面和其他方面、特征和优点将会是显然且可阐明的，在附图中：
图1是根据相关技术的触敏装置的剖面图；
图2a是根据一个示例的透光装置的横截面侧视图的示意图；
图2b是根据一个示例的透光装置的俯视图的示意图；
图2c是根据相关技术的透光装置的俯视图的示意图；
图3是根据一个示例的透光装置的细节的横截面侧视图的示意图；
图4a至图4b是根据一个示例的透光装置的细节的横截面侧视图的示意图；
图5是根据一个示例的透光装置的细节的横截面侧视图的示意图；
图6是根据一个示例的透光装置的细节的横截面侧视图的示意图；
图7a至图7b是根据一个示例的透光装置的细节的横截面侧视图的示意图；以及
图8是根据一个示例的透光装置的细节的透视图的示意图。
具体实施方式
下文中，本发明的实施例将针对触敏装置的特定示例进行呈现。贯穿说明书，使用相同的参考数字来标识相应的元件。
图1示意性地示出了如上文背景技术部分所述的“表面上方光学触摸系统”的变体，其中，来自发射器109的光经由在边缘反射器130上的反射在面板的触摸表面102上传播。
图2a示意性地示出了触摸感测装置100，该触摸感测装置100包括透光面板101，该透光面板101限定了触摸表面102、相对的后表面106和在触摸表面102和相对的后表面106之间延伸的面板侧105。因此，面板侧105限定了透光面板101的外围108。触摸感测装置100还包括沿所述外围108且邻近面板侧105设置的多个光发射器109和光探测器109’。光导112沿透光面板101的外围108设置。光导112具有第一反射表面113、113’，第一反射表面113、113’包括漫射光散射元件114、114’。设置光发射器109以将相应的光束110发射到漫射光散射元件114上，以散射在触摸表面102上方传播的光111。因此，第一反射表面113相对于光发射器109成一定角度，使得光束110朝向触摸表面102漫射地散射。类似地，设置光探测器109’以接收探测光110’，该检测光110'是在传播光111入射对应的第一反射表面113’的漫射光散射元件114'时产生的。在这种情况下，第一反射面113’与触摸表面102成一定角度，使得在触摸表面102上传播的光111朝向光探测器109’漫射地散射。每个漫射光散射元件114'将作为光源(“虚拟光源”)，该光源漫射地发射“检测光”以被光探测器109’接收。如图2、图3和图5所示的漫射光散射元件114、114’至少部分地被设置在面板侧105的外侧，即，设置在面板105的外围108的外侧，并且，至少部分地在触摸表面102上方延伸。当使用“表面上方”光学触摸系统时使漫射光散射元件114、114’至少部分地设置在面板侧105的外侧对对探测光110’的信噪比提供优化，这是因为光可以被引导为围绕面板的边缘105，而无需穿过面板105。此外，由于第一反射表面113上的漫射光散射元件114的存在，这同时提高了由第一反射表面113上的反射所提供的虚拟光源的益处和效率。即，在光110到达光散射元件114之前，来自发射器109的光110丢失最少。这意味着发射器109被有效地移动到光散射元件114的位置，从而，在触摸表面102上且跨过触摸表面102能够得到光的最佳漫射散射。这反过来又提高触摸感测装置100的精度、可用性和鲁棒性。由于漫射的散射光源被有效地直接移动到触摸表面102上的虚拟或辅助扩散光源位置，因此，也避免了光学部件的繁琐对准。这提供了制造上不太复杂的触摸感测装置，便于批量生产。
图2b示出了触摸感测装置100的俯视图。与如图1和图2c所示的当来自发射器109的光111需要通过透光面板101传输时的情况相比，如上文所述的光在触摸表面102上方并跨过触摸表面102的优化漫射散射，为来自发射器109的光111提供跨触摸表面102以宽角度漫射散射。因此，可通过触摸感测装置100保持更高强度的光111。图2b和图2c中箭头的长度与光强度成正比。图2b示出了光场138增加的宽度将如何增加可以探测发射光111的探测器109’、109”的数量，从而，增加检测线的数量，进而提高触摸传感设备100的精度。
图1中所示的漫射器135通常必须被保护，以防机械相互作用以及灰尘和环境光的影响，这些灰尘和环境光需要防尘罩136形成物理屏障，防止灰尘到达漫射器135并且需要透明窗口137，通过该透明窗口光信号可以不受阻碍地通过。在这些解决方案中，还可能需要其他部件，如边缘盖。这使装配复杂化，且增加了成本。此外，密封的窗口137将引入不想要的菲涅耳反射损失，尤其是在光相对于触摸表面的高角度处，将导致来自一个特定侧的发射对于三个相对侧的所有光探测器的完全覆盖的问题。菲涅耳反射也会产生额外的不需要的光路，这些光路将减少某些检测线上的明显衰减，特别是当它们与密封窗口平行且靠近密封窗口时，这些菲涅耳反射也可能导致伪假象和虚假触摸信息。
使漫射光散射元件114、114’至少部分地设置在面板侧105的外侧也释放了触摸表面102边缘周围的外围空间，这是因为基本上所有部件都可以被移动到边缘105的外侧。这也提供了跨面板101的边缘105的大致齐平的表面，因为无需将任何东西放置在触摸表面102的顶部。这将一起得到一个更加紧凑的触摸感测装置100。在这方面，如上所述，漫射光散射元件114以有效的方式提供漫射散射光的事实进一步有助于降低触摸感测装置100的复杂性并增加触摸感测装置100的紧凑性。这种协同作用是由于漫散光散射元件114能够充当针对许多不同类型的发射器109以及针对在发射器109和漫散光散射元件114之间的许多不同的相对定向的辅助光源，只要来自发射器109的光以适当的范围且在适当的位置处达到漫射光散射元件114即可。由于漫射光散射元件114或多或少随机地重新分配了入射光，因此，发射器109的亮度分布的重要性被降低或甚至被消除。
可以设置一个或多个发射器109以同时照亮针对同一检测线的漫散光散射元件114。这用于进一步增加了光的强度。类似地，多个光探测器109’可用于探测来自单个检测线的光。此外，发射器109和探测器109’之间的间距可以改变，以影响在漫射光散射元件114、114’处的“虚拟”发射器和探测器109、109’之间的间距，以控制检测线的宽度，即影响图2b中光场138的各个检测线的宽度。由于如前所述设置了漫射光散射元件114，使得能够使用“虚拟”发射器和探测器对，因此允许使用高度可定制的触摸传感装置，其中，可以根据要制造的触摸表面102的尺寸向每个检测线添加多个发射器和探测器对，或交叠多个发射器和探测器对。这也可以改善对探测光的衰减的控制。
针对上述讨论，“漫反射”是指从表面反射光，使入射光束以许多角度反射，而不是像“镜面反射”中那样仅以一个角度反射。因此，漫反射元件当被照亮时将在元件上的每个位置处通过大立体角反射而发光。漫反射也称为“散射”。相应地，漫射光散射元件114作为光源(“辅助光源”)发射漫射光。因此，辅助光源限定了由来自相应发射器109产生的检测线的实际起点。
光发射器109和/或光探测器109’可被设置在面板侧105的外侧，如图2和图3中的示例所示。即，发射器109和/或光探测器109’可沿径向方向104、104’被径向设置在面板101的外围108的外侧。径向方向104、104'垂直于平面103的法向轴107，其中，透光面板101沿平面103延伸，如图8所示。将光发射器109和/或光探测器109’设置在面板侧105的外侧，使得从发射器发射或接收的光有效且简单地耦合到第一反射表面113、113’及其漫射光散射元件114、114’，其中，所述漫射光散射元件也被设置在面板侧105的外侧。因此，可用光的损失被最小化，并且对准要求也被放宽，这有利于批量生产。
此外，光发射器109和/或光探测器109’还可以相对第一反射表面113、113'对齐。这将进一步使得能够将发射的光110有效地引导到第一反射表面113及其漫射光散射元件114。如上所述，由于更多的可用光现在可以在触摸表面102上方被漫射散射，这对于将光源有效地移动到触摸表面102上的“辅助”光源位置是有益的。从光源109发射的光110具有强度分布，由于将光源109相对第一反射表面113对准，因此，该强度分布沿与第一反射表面113的位置一致的轴会具有最大强度。类似地，当探测器109’被相对第一反射表面113’设置时，探测器109’可接收最大量的检测光110’。因此，“相对设置”可理解为使发射器109和/或光探测器109’沿平行于平面103的法向轴107的方向面向第一反射表面113、113’，其中，透光面板101沿平面103延伸。因此，沿其发射光的强度认为是最大值的轴也可以与法向轴107平行对齐。在其他实施例中，沿其发射光的强度认为是最大值的轴可以在法向轴107的几度范围内。
如图3和图5所示，光导112可包括面向发射器109和/或光探测器109’的第一光耦合表面115。第一光耦合表面115被设置成将从发射器109接收的发射光110定向到第一反射表面113及其漫射光散射元件114，反之亦然，用于将第一反射表面113及其漫射光散射元件114的光定向到探测器109’。沿径向方向104、104’的第一光耦合表面115的延伸可以与第一反射表面113、113’沿径向方向104、104’的延伸交叠，径向方向104、104’垂直于平面103的法向轴107，其中，透光面板101沿平面103延伸。因此，如图3和图5所示，第一组光束116具有在第一光耦合表面115和第一反射表面113、113’之间沿基本上平行于法向轴107的方向延伸的光路。这样可以确保无需在光导112中进行进一步的内反射，以使得光在第一光耦合表面115和第一反射表面113、113’之间传播。这将在保持尽可能多的光方面提供进一步的优化，因为内反射会导致可用光的一些损耗。
如图3和图5所示，第一光耦合表面115与透光面板101延伸的平面103基本上平行对齐。因此，与平面103的法向轴107不平行的方向上的反射被最小化。如上所述，当对准最大光强发生的轴时，当从光源109沿同一方向(即平行于法向轴107)发射时，这点非常有用。第一光耦合表面115和发射器和/或探测器109’之间的距离可以改变，以达到最大的光耦合效率。第一光耦合表面115的形状也可以改变，例如具有用于光准直的凸面。
再次参照图3和图5，光导112可包括第二光耦合表面117，该第二光耦合表面117至少部分被设置在触摸表面102的上方，以将来自第一反射表面113、113’的光引导到触摸表面上方。第二光耦合表面117沿平面103的法向轴107的延伸可与第一反射表面113、113’沿法向轴107的延伸至少部分地交叠。因此，第二组光束118具有以下光路，该光路可在第一反射表面113、113’和第二光耦合表面117之间，沿与径向方向104、104’基本平行且垂直于法向轴107的方向延伸。这样可以确保无需在光导112中进行进一步的内反射，以使得光在第一反射表面113、113’和第二光耦合表面117之间传播。这将在保持被漫反射到触摸表面102上的光尽可能多方面提供进一步的优化。在触摸表面102上方传播的光束118具有一定的扩散角，即从表面102向下和向上，这样，一些光118会在触摸表面102中反射。
例如如图3和图5所示，第二光耦合表面117可与法向轴107基本上平行对齐。因此，与平面103的法向轴107不垂直的方向的反射被最小化，且仅通过第一反射表面113、113’的角度来控制漫反射光的特性就变得容易了。
如图3、图4a、图5和图6所示，光导112可包括第二反射表面121，该第二反射表面121以角度127与第一反射面相交。因此，如图4a所示，第一组光束116’可通过在第一反射表面113、113’和第二反射表面121之间的散射而被反射。因此，发射光110的较大部分可被导向第一反射表面113、113’，这提高了从作为第二光源的漫射光散射元件114、114’漫射发射的效率。反之亦然，检测光110’的较大部分可从第一反射表面113、113’被导向光探测器109’。
漫射光散射元件114、114’可沿第一反射表面113、113’和第二反射表面121两者延伸，例如如图4a和图6中的延伸的漫射光散射元件132所示。因此，来自光源109的在第二反射表面121上被反射的发射光110将被漫射散射。在触摸感测装置100的某些配置中，反射光的较大部分可朝向第一反射表面113反射。类似地，探测器109’处的光导121的第二反射表面121处的漫射光散射元件132可使得从第二反射表面121接收的检测光110’的量增加。或者，在一些应用中，镜面反射元件可被设置在第二反射表面121上，在如图5和图6的示例中这是特别有利的，在图5和图6的示例中，第二反射表面与触摸表面102基本上垂直。在该实施例中，第三反射面122也可以是镜面反射的。然后，光可在光导112内侧被镜面反射，直到光到达漫射散射元件114。
如图3和图5所示，光导112可包括面向面板侧105的第三反射面122。进一步地如图3和图5所示，第三反射面122可沿着透光面板101的整体厚度128平行于平面103的法向轴107延伸，其中，透光面板沿平面103延伸。因此，可在光导112中沿朝向面板101的边缘105的方向传播的任何发射光110可以通过以反射涂层或膜形式的镜面反射或通过第三反射面122上的全内反射朝向第一反射表面113、113’反射。检测光110’可以相似的方式被第三反射面122逆反射到探测器109’。
如图5和图6所示，所述第三反射面122和所述第二反射面121可以是平行的。这可以在一些应用中提供有利的配置，其中，可能必须减少光导112沿径向方向104、104’的轮廓，以提供紧凑且鲁邦的光导112，同时获得如上述所述高度优化的漫射散射光。
此外，如在图5的示例中，所述第三反射面122和所述第二反射面121沿透光面板101的整体厚度128可以是平行的。
如图7a至图7b示意性地示出的，光导112可以包括一个凹槽123或一个凸起124，用于与触摸感测装置100的框架元件126的相应配合锁定表面125互锁。因此，这样可以有效地将光导112固定在框架元件126上，且得到一个鲁邦的触摸感测装置100并且提供光导112与发射器109、探测器109’以及面板101的准确对齐。在图7a至图7b中，凹槽123和凸起124两者都与框架元件126的相应锁定表面125相互锁。即，光导112的凹槽123容置框架元件126的突出锁定表面125，对于光导112的凸起124，反之亦然。图7b示出了当光导112安装在面板101上时在与平面103的法线107平行的方向延伸的附加凸起134。这样可以进一步增加固定的稳定性，例如，防止光导112的扭转，同时确保避免光导112上的应力。
漫射光散射元件114、114’可被配置作为基本理想漫反射镜，也被成为朗伯漫射器或近朗伯漫射器，其围绕漫射光散射元件114、114’的半球中从所有方向产生相同的亮度。许多固有的漫射材料形成近朗伯漫射器。在替选例中，漫射光散射元件114、114’可以是所谓的工程漫射器，例如，全息漫射器。工程散射元件114、114’还可以被配置为朗伯漫射器。在一个变型中，工程漫射器是为促进漫射反射到周围半球的特定方向而定做的，特别是为促进漫射反射到提供光在触摸表面102上方且穿过触摸表面102进行理想传播的角度而定做的。
漫射光散射元件可被配置以表现至少50％的漫射反射，且最好可以是至少90％的漫射反射。
许多材料表现出漫反射和镜面反射的组合。镜面反射光可以导致在发射器、探测器和在发射器与探测器之间的相关元件之间的耦合损失。因此，优选的是对于漫射光散射元件114、114’而言，漫反射和镜面反射之间的关系为高。当前认为当至少50％的反射光被漫射反射时，至少对于较小的触摸面可以达到合理的性能。优选地，漫射光散射元件114、114’被设计成反射入射光，使得至少将近60％、70％、80％、90％、95％或99％的反射光被漫射地反射。
存在固有漫射材料，该漫射材料促进到特定的方向的漫反射，且可被设置在第一反射表面113、113’上，以形成漫射光散射元件114、114’。因此，漫射光散射元件114、114’可以包括改变折射率的材料。
漫射光散射元件114、114’可以例如通过涂漆、喷涂、层压、胶合等被实现为应用于第一反射表面113、113’的涂层、层或膜。
因此，如图4a示例地所示，漫射光散射元件114、114’可被设置在光导112的第一反射表面113处的外表面119上。
在一个示例中，散射元件114、114’被实现为应用于第一反射表面113、113’的哑光白色涂料或墨水。为了达到高的漫射反射率，涂料/油墨可优选包含具有高折射率的颜料。一种这样的颜料是TiO2，其具有折射率n＝2.8。例如，为了减小菲涅耳损失，也可以期望将涂料填充物和/或漆料的反射率与外表面119中的表面材料的折射率相匹配。通过使用陶瓷化学公司提出的EVOQUETM预复合聚合物技术来进一步改善涂料的性能。
有许多可商购的可用作漫射器的其他涂层材料，例如，由拜耳公司提供的聚碳酸酯薄膜、含氟聚合物光谱、聚氨酯磁漆、硫酸钡基涂料或溶液、粒状聚四氟乙烯、微孔聚酯、/>漫反射产品等。
或者，漫射光散射元件114、114’可以被实现为平的或片状的器件，例如，上述所提及的工程漫射器或通过粘合剂粘接到外表面119的白纸。根据其他替代方案，漫射光散射元件114、114’可以被实现为外表面119上的覆盖有反射材料涂层的半随机(非周期性)微结构。
如图4b示例性地所示，漫射光散射元件114、114’还可以被并入到光导112的在第一反射表面113、113’处的内表面120。例如，可以通过蚀刻、压花、成型、喷砂等在外表面或内表面119、120上设置微结构。漫射光散射元件114、114’可以包括沿内表面120的气穴，该气穴可在光导112的成型过程中形成。在形成光导112时，还可能将具有漫射特性的膜并入到内表面120。在另一个替代方案中，漫射光散射元件114、114’可以是透光的(例如透光漫射材料或透光工程漫射器)，并覆盖有反射材料涂层。
因此，漫射光散射元件114、114’可以包括以下中之一：白色或彩色涂料、白色或彩色纸、特氟龙(Spectralon)、被反射材料覆盖的透光漫射材料、漫射聚合物或金属、工程漫射器、反射半随机微结构、铸模内气穴或漫射材料膜。
如图4a至图4b示意性地所示，触摸感测装置可进一步包括应用于漫射光散射元件114、114’上的遮蔽层129。遮蔽层129可以限定围绕透光面板102的外围108的不透明框架。遮蔽层129通过例如再利用由漫射光散射元件114、114’漫反射的光的在远离面板101的方向上的一部分来增大在期望方向提供漫反射光的效率。类似地，在探测器109’处设置的光导112上提供遮蔽层129减小了到达探测器109’的杂散光和环境光的量。遮蔽层129可以具有阻挡环境光通过光导112进入的附加功能。此外，如图4a和图6所示，可由遮蔽层129’提供第三反射表面122。这例如在期望在面板101和光导112之间具有可以以其他方式吸收反射光的垫片时是有利的。
面板101可由在相关波长范围内透射足够量的光的任何固体材料(或材料的组合)制成，以允许对透射的能量进行合理测量。这样的材料包括玻璃、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)和聚碳酸酯(PC)。面板101可以被设计成覆盖在显示设备或监视器上(未显示)或集成到显示设备或监视器(未显示)中。
光导112可由深色PMMA树脂制成。这使得光导能够用作为昼光滤光器，仅允许近红外NIR光通过。制成光导112的其他可能材料是奇美压克力(Acryrex)或有机玻璃(Acrypet)。
如本文所用的发射器109可以是能够在预设波长范围内发射辐射的任何类型的装置，例如二极管激光器、VCSEL(垂直腔面发射激光器)、LED(发光二极管)、白炽灯、卤素灯等。发射器109还可由光纤末端组成。发射器109可以产生任何波长范围内的光。以下示例假设光是在红外(IR)(即波长在大约750nm以上)中产生的。类似地，探测器109’可以是能够将光(在相同波长范围中)转化为电信号的任何装置，例如光探测器、CCD装置、CMOS装置等。
本发明主要是参照一些实施例进行上述描述。然而，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，除上述公开的实施例外，其他实施例在本发明的仅由所附的专利权利要求书限定和限制的范围和精神内是同样可行。
例如，上文所述和讨论的发射器和光探测器的具体设置只仅作为示例给出。本发明的耦合结构可用于通过以下方式工作的任何触摸传感系统：在透光面板内透射由多个发射器产生的光，并在多个探测器处检测由在触摸点处与透射光相互作用所产生的接收光的变化。
Claims (40)
1.一种触摸感测装置，包括：
透光面板，所述透光面板限定触摸表面、相对的后表面以及在所述触摸表面与所述后表面之间延伸的面板侧，所述面板侧限定了所述透光面板的外围；
多个光发射器和多个光探测器，所述多个光发射器和所述多个光探测器沿着所述外围并且邻近所述面板侧设置；以及
光导，所述光导被沿着所述外围设置并且具有第一反射表面，所述第一反射表面包括漫射光散射元件；
其中，所述光发射器被设置为将相应的光束发射到所述漫射光散射元件上，以产生在所述触摸表面上方漫射传播的传播光，
其中，所述光探测器被设置为接收当所述传播光入射到所述漫射光散射元件时所产生的检测光，并且
其中，所述漫射光散射元件被配置为展示至少50％的漫反射，并且其中，所述漫射光散射元件被并入到所述光导的在所述第一反射表面处的内表面中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光发射器和/或所述光探测器被设置在所述面板侧的外侧。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光发射器和/或所述光探测器与所述第一反射表面相对对齐。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导包括面向所述光发射器和/或所述光探测器的第一光耦合表面，其中，所述第一光耦合表面在径向方向上的延伸与所述第一反射表面在所述径向方向上的延伸至少部分地交叠，所述径向方向垂直于平面的法向轴，所述透光面板沿所述平面延伸，由此，第一组光束具有在所述第一光耦合表面和所述第一反射表面之间沿平行于所述法向轴的方向延伸的光路。
5.根据权利要求4所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述第一光耦合表面与所述透光面板延伸的平面基本上平行对齐。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导包括第二光耦合表面，所述第二光耦合表面至少部分地设置在所述触摸表面上方，以将来自所述第一反射表面的光导向所述触摸表面上方，其中，所述第二光耦合表面沿平面的法向轴的延伸与所述第一反射表面沿所述法向轴的延伸至少部分地交叠，由此，第二组光束具有在所述第一反射表面和所述第二光耦合表面之间沿与径向方向平行的方向延伸的光路，所述径向方向垂直于所述法向轴，所述透光面板沿所述平面延伸。
7.根据权利要求6所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述第二光耦合表面与所述法向轴基本上平行对齐。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述漫射光散射元件包括改变折射率的材料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述漫射光散射元件被设置在所述光导的在所述第一反射表面处的外表面上。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导包括第二反射表面，所述第二反射表面与所述第一反射表面以角度相交，由此，第一组光束在所述第一反射表面和所述第二反射表面之间反射。
11.根据权利要求10所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述漫射光散射元件沿所述第一反射表面和所述第二反射表面两者延伸。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导包括第三反射表面，所述第三反射表面面向所述面板侧并且沿所述透光面板的整体厚度、与平面的法向轴平行地延伸，所述透光面板沿所述平面延伸。
13.根据权利要求12所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述第三反射表面和所述第二反射表面是平行的。
14.根据权利要求13所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述第三反射表面和所述第二反射表面沿所述透光面板的所述整体厚度平行。
15.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导包括凹槽或凸起，所述凹槽或所述凸起用于与所述触摸感测装置的框架元件的对应配合的锁定表面互锁。
16.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述漫射光散射元件是基本朗伯漫射器。
17.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述触摸感测装置还包括遮蔽层，所述遮蔽层应用于所述漫射光散射元件并且限定了围绕所述透光面板的外围的不透明框架。
18.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述漫射光散射元件被配置为展示至少90％的漫反射。
19.根据权利要求1或2所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述漫射光散射元件包括以下各项中的至少一项：漫射聚合物或金属合金、工程漫射器、反射半随机微结构、铸模内气穴。
20.一种触摸感测装置，包括：
透光面板，所述透光面板限定触摸表面、相对的后表面以及在所述触摸表面与所述后表面之间延伸的面板侧，所述面板侧限定了所述透光面板的外围；
多个光发射器和多个光探测器，所述多个光发射器和所述多个光探测器沿着所述外围并且邻近所述面板侧设置；以及
光导，所述光导被沿着所述外围设置并且包括光导元件；
其中，所述光发射器被设置为将相应的光束发射到所述光导上，以产生在所述触摸表面上方传播的传播光，
其中，所述光探测器被设置为接收当所述传播光入射到所述光导时所产生的检测光，
其中，所述传播光被所述光导镜面反射，并且
其中，所述光导元件包括凹槽或凸起，所述凹槽或所述凸起用于与所述触摸感测装置的框架元件的对应配合的锁定表面互锁。
21.根据权利要求20所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导包括气穴。
22.根据权利要求20或21所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导包括反射表面配置部。
23.根据权利要求22所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述反射表面配置部包括所述气穴和所述光导元件的表面。
24.根据权利要求20或21所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述触摸感测装置还包括遮蔽构件，所述遮蔽构件限定了围绕所述透光面板的外围的框架，其中，所述遮蔽构件面向所述气穴。
25.根据权利要求20或21所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导的凹槽或凸起被构造成与所述框架元件的对应的锁定表面互锁。
26.根据权利要求20或21所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导元件的凹槽被构造成接纳所述框架元件的突出的锁定元件。
27.根据权利要求26所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导元件的凸起被构造成与所述框架元件的凹槽互锁。
28.根据权利要求20或21所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导元件包括附加凸起，所述附加凸起在与平面的法向轴平行的方向上延伸，所述透光面板沿所述平面延伸。
29.根据权利要求20或21所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导元件还包括如下的部分，该部分面向所述透光面板的后表面并且在平行于平面的方向上延伸，所述透光面板沿所述平面延伸。
30.根据权利要求29所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述部分在与所述透光面板的后表面基本平行的方向上延伸。
31.根据权利要求29所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述部分被构造成支撑所述透光面板。
32.根据权利要求20或21所述的触摸感测装置，其中，当从与平面的法向轴平行的方向上看，所述部分在所述透光面板与光发射器支撑衬底和/或光探测器支撑衬底之间延伸，所述透光面板沿所述平面延伸。
33.根据权利要求20或21所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导元件包括聚合物。
34.一种触摸感测装置，包括：
透光面板，所述透光面板限定触摸表面、相对的后表面以及在所述触摸表面与所述后表面之间延伸的面板侧，所述面板侧限定了所述透光面板的外围；
多个光发射器和多个光探测器，所述多个光发射器和所述多个光探测器沿着所述外围并且邻近所述面板侧设置；以及
光导，所述光导被沿着所述外围设置并且包括光导元件；
其中，所述光发射器被设置为将相应的光束发射到所述光导上，以产生在所述触摸表面上方传播的传播光，
其中，所述光探测器被设置为接收当所述传播光入射到所述光导时所产生的检测光，并且
其中，所述光导包括气穴，并且
其中，所述光被所述光导镜面反射。
35.根据权利要求34所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导元件包括聚合物。
36.根据权利要求34或35所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导包括反射表面配置部。
37.根据权利要求36所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述反射表面配置部包括所述气穴和所述光导元件的表面。
38.根据权利要求34或35所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导元件包括凹槽或凸起，所述凹槽或所述凸起用于与所述触摸感测装置的框架元件的对应配合的锁定表面互锁。
39.根据权利要求34或35所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述光导元件还包括如下的部分，该部分面向所述透光面板的后表面并且在平行于平面的方向上延伸，所述透光面板沿所述平面延伸。
40.根据权利要求34或35所述的触摸感测装置，其中，所述触摸感测装置还包括遮蔽构件，所述遮蔽构件限定了围绕所述透光面板的外围的框架，其中，所述遮蔽构件面向所述气穴。
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| EP3458946A1 (en) | 2019-03-27 |
| US20200310592A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
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