CN116608196B - Anti-vibration and anti-loose assembly - Google Patents
Anti-vibration and anti-loose assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN116608196B CN116608196B CN202310104189.8A CN202310104189A CN116608196B CN 116608196 B CN116608196 B CN 116608196B CN 202310104189 A CN202310104189 A CN 202310104189A CN 116608196 B CN116608196 B CN 116608196B
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- wedge
- nut
- gasket
- vibration
- wedge block
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- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/24—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-vibration and anti-loose assembly, which comprises: the nut and the gasket are uniformly provided with a plurality of wedge blocks, the wedge blocks are in concave-convex fit on the contact surfaces of the nut and the gasket, the heights of the wedge blocks on the nut are sequentially reduced to form inclined planes along the rotation direction of the nut during fastening, the inclined planes and the horizontal plane form wedge angles, and the wedge angle value range of the wedge blocks is accurately calculated according to the friction coefficient among the wedge blocks, the friction coefficient of the surface of the fastened piece and the thread rise angle. The gasket and the surface of the fastened object are kept relatively static under the strong vibration environment, the wedge-shaped block is reliably wedged, and the anti-loose assembly works stably.
Description
The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-loosening fasteners, and particularly relates to an anti-vibration anti-loosening assembly.
Background
The threaded fastener is a common connecting piece in the mechanical field, and is easy to loosen in strong vibration service environments such as machining equipment, railway fasteners, wind turbines, reduction gearboxes and the like. To ensure a secure connection of the fastener, various anti-loosening means are applied to the threaded fastener. The anti-loosening effect is achieved by arranging mutually-meshed wedge blocks on the joint surfaces of the fasteners and increasing axial pretightening force through wedging of the wedge blocks.
The prior art anti-loosening fasteners with wedge blocks, such as the wedge-shaped self-locking anti-loosening fasteners in EP1255051A1 and EP0350711B1, are prevented from loosening by arranging the wedge blocks on the contact surfaces of the matched nuts and gaskets and wedging and self-locking the wedge blocks. The wedge blocks on the wedge-shaped anti-loose self-locking fastener nuts in the prior art are designed to rise highly along the nut tightening direction. However, such anti-loosening fasteners are prone to failure in high vibration environments because the nut and washer assemblies tend to rotate after the washer vibrates when in use, and the inclined surfaces of the nut and washer in contact with each other slide relatively to give the nut a small tightening component force when the washer rotates around the nut tightening direction (considered as positive direction), which is beneficial to increasing the tightening effect, which is desirable for us; however, when the washer rotates reversely, the washer can give a very large component force to the nut to push the nut to rotate and loosen because the washer and the washer are completely matched and have vertical contact in the rotation direction and have no relative sliding space, which is undesirable, however, the rotation direction and the frequency of the washer cannot be controlled, and the washer often exist in two directions simultaneously, which leads to failure of the anti-loosening fastener.
To the above-mentioned problem, the applicant has proposed a locking nut gasket assembly, see chinese patent application CN202111429659.5, the wedge is in nut fastening rotation direction on the nut, highly reduces in proper order for when the gasket was around nut fastening direction counter-rotation, the gasket can slide for the nut, when nut and gasket relative rotation, dislocation compression contact after the lower terminal surface of the wedge of nut, the up end of the wedge of gasket relatively slid, finally form the auto-lock, overcome the fastening inefficacy that is triggered by the gasket rotation along the loosening direction in traditional wedge locking subassembly.
However, with the anti-loosening assembly of CN202111429659.5, the applicant has found in further practice that, although the wedge is set in an oblique direction opposite to the thread rotation, the washer and nut can be wedged against each other without further relative sliding when the washer is rotated in the loosening direction. However, when the service condition of the fastener is a strong vibration condition (for example, the fastener in equipment such as a high-speed railway fastener, a wind driven generator, a machine tool and the like), even if the nut and the gasket are wedged with each other and do not have relative sliding, the gasket and the fastened object are easy to slide under the severe vibration of the surface of the fastened object, the nut and the gasket slide along the surface of the fastened object together under the wedging state, the nut moves up loose in the reciprocating sliding, the wedging state between the gasket and the nut is irreversibly lost, and finally the fastening is invalid.
Therefore, in a strong vibration environment, how to avoid loosening caused by slipping of the gasket and the fastened surface after wedging of the anti-loosening assembly is a problem to be solved in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an anti-vibration and anti-loose assembly, which can avoid fastening failure caused by slipping of a gasket and a fastened surface after a nut and the gasket enter a wedging state.
An anti-vibration and anti-loosening assembly, comprising: the nut and the gasket are uniformly provided with a plurality of wedge blocks, the wedge blocks are in concave-convex fit on the contact surfaces of the nut and the gasket, the heights of the wedge blocks on the nut are sequentially reduced to form inclined planes along the rotation direction during the fastening of the nut, the included angle of an acute angle between the inclined planes and the horizontal plane is a wedge angle alpha, and the wedge angle alpha is in a range of value:
α+β<arctan(k0+k2)
wherein: alpha is a wedge angle; beta is the thread lead angle; k0 is the friction coefficient between the gasket and the surface of the fastened object; k2 is the contact surface friction coefficient between the wedge blocks.
Preferably, the wedge block on the nut is a wedge block A, the wedge block on the gasket is a wedge block B, the height of the wedge block A is sequentially reduced along the rotation direction of the nut during fastening, an inclined plane of the lower end face of the wedge block A is formed, the upper end face of the wedge block B is also an inclined plane, the upper end face of the wedge block B and the lower end face of the wedge block A are oppositely arranged and are mutually attached, and the acute angle included angles between the inclined planes on the wedge block A and the wedge block B and the horizontal plane are equal.
Preferably, the washer slides relative to the nut when the washer is rotated in a reverse direction about the nut tightening direction.
Preferably, the value range of the friction coefficient k0 between the gasket and the surface of the fastened object is 0.05< k0<0.15, and the value range of the friction coefficient k2 between the wedge-shaped blocks and the contact surface is 0.005< k2<0.02.
Preferably, in the tightened state, the wedge a and the wedge B are mutually engaged.
Preferably, the nut and the washer are turned simultaneously with the engagement of the wedge a and the wedge B during the tightening process.
Preferably, the side end surfaces of the wedge A and the wedge B form vertical elevation.
Compared with the prior art, the anti-vibration anti-loosening assembly provided by the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention takes the aim that the gasket and the wedge block on the nut are not relatively slipped with the surface of the fastened object after being misplaced and pressed and loose-proof, takes the friction force born by the upper surface and the lower surface of the gasket as main consideration, establishes a corresponding mechanical balance relation, and accurately calculates the wedge angle value range of the wedge block according to the related parameters affecting the friction force of the upper surface and the lower surface of the gasket (such as the thread lift angle, the friction coefficient between the gasket and the surface of the fastened object and the friction coefficient between the contact surfaces of the wedge block). After the gasket nut rotates relatively to enter a wedging state, the gasket and the surface of the fastened object keep relatively static, so that the nut and the gasket can maintain an effective anti-loosening state of mutual compaction, and the failure of the wedge-shaped anti-loosening assembly in a strong vibration environment is avoided.
2. In the screwed state, the wedge-shaped block at the lower end face of the nut and the wedge-shaped block at the upper end face of the gasket are mutually meshed. The wedge blocks are well engaged, so that the locking between the wedge blocks is not easy to break under the action of external force, and initial loosening is not easy to generate.
3. During the screwing process of the nut and the gasket, the wedge blocks are mutually engaged and simultaneously rotate. The nut and the gasket are screwed simultaneously, so that wedge blocks of the nut and the gasket are cut together to obtain a better anti-loosening effect.
4. The side end surfaces of the wedge blocks form vertical surfaces so as to form mutual locking between the nuts and the gaskets.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a locking assembly;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a wedge on the anti-lock assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a nut;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gasket;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the working state structure of the locking assembly.
Wherein the reference symbols in the figures have the following meanings:
1. a nut; 11. wedge block a; 111. the lower end surface of the wedge block A;
2. a gasket; 21. wedge block B; 211. the upper end surface of the wedge block B; 3. a single-head bolt; 4. a fastened object; 5. and (5) vertical elevation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, under the condition of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship conventionally put in use of the inventive product, or an azimuth or a positional relationship conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, such terms are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present invention provides an anti-vibration and anti-loosening assembly comprising: the nut 1 and the gasket 2 are respectively provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks, and the wedge-shaped blocks are in concave-convex fit on the contact surfaces of the nut 1 and the gasket 2. Along the rotation direction when the nut 1 is fastened, the heights of the wedge blocks on the nut 1 are sequentially reduced to form inclined planes, and the acute included angle between the inclined planes and the horizontal plane is a wedge angle alpha.
After the nut 1 and the gasket 2 are wedged in a sliding manner, the gasket 2 and the surface of the fastened object 4 are not slid relatively, the friction force born by the upper surface and the lower surface of the gasket is analyzed, a corresponding balance relation is established according to the thread lead angle beta affecting the friction force, the friction coefficient k0 between the gasket and the surface of the fastened object and the contact friction coefficient k2 between the wedge blocks, and the value range of the wedge angle alpha is determined as follows:
α+β<arctan(k0+k2)
wherein: alpha wedge angle; beta is the thread lead angle; k0 is the friction coefficient between the gasket and the surface of the fastened object; k2 is the contact surface friction coefficient between the wedge blocks.
When the anti-loosening assembly is used, one end of the single-head bolt 3 penetrates through a through hole in the middle of a fastened object 4, then the single-head bolt 3 is locked by the gasket 2 and the nut 1, the gasket 2 is in surface contact with the fastened object 4, and the nut 1 is tightly pressed on the gasket 2.
The wedge block on the nut 1 is a wedge block A11, the wedge block on the gasket 2 is a wedge block B21, the wedge block A11 and the wedge block B21 are respectively positioned on opposite contact end surfaces of the nut 1 and the gasket 2, and the height of the wedge block A11 is sequentially reduced along the rotation direction when the nut 1 is fastened, so that the inclined plane of the lower end surface 111 of the wedge block A11 is formed. The upper end surface 211 of the wedge block B21 is also an inclined surface, and the upper end surface 211 of the wedge block B21 and the lower end surface 111 of the wedge block a11 are arranged opposite to each other and are mutually attached. The acute included angles between the inclined planes on the wedge block A11 and the wedge block B21 and the horizontal plane are equal to each other, and the included angles are the wedge angle alpha. When the washer 2 is rotated reversely around the tightening direction of the nut 1, the washer 2 slides with respect to the nut 1.
When the wedge angle alpha meets the relation, after the lower end face 111 of the wedge block A11 of the nut 1 and the upper end face 211 of the wedge block B21 of the gasket 2 relatively slide to enter a dislocation compression contact state, the gasket 2 wedged by the nut 1 maintains a static state relative to the fastened object 4 under the combined action of the wedge block friction force on the nut 1 and the surface friction force of the fastened object 4, the wedging state of the nut 1 and the gasket 2 is maintained under a strong vibration working condition, and the anti-loose assembly reliably works.
For example, when the thread lead angle β is 2.12 °, the wedge angle α may be determined to be 4 ° based on the friction coefficient k0 between the pad and the surface of the fastened object, and the friction coefficient k2 of the contact surfaces of the wedge a and the wedge B. The anti-loosening assembly is subjected to anti-loosening performance test on a transverse vibration testing machine, the test frequency is 12.5Hz, the vibration times are 1500 times, the residual fastening force/initial fastening force measured after the test is 94.5%, and the anti-loosening performance is good.
Preferably, the friction coefficient k0 between the pad and the surface of the fastened object is in the range of: the friction coefficient k2 of the contact surfaces of the wedge block A and the wedge block B is in the range of 0.05< k0< 0.15: 0.005< k2<0.02.
Preferably, in the tightened state, the wedge a11 and the wedge B21 are engaged with each other. The wedge blocks are well engaged, so that the locking between the wedge blocks is not easy to break under the action of external force, and initial loosening is not easy to generate.
Preferably, the nut 1 and the washer 2 are engaged with each other during the tightening process, and the wedge a11 and the wedge B21 are rotated simultaneously. The nut 1 and the gasket 2 are screwed down simultaneously, so that wedge blocks of the nut 1 and the gasket 2 are cut together to obtain a better anti-loosening effect.
Preferably, the side end surfaces of the wedge block A11 and the wedge block B21 form vertical faces 5 so as to form mutual locking between the nut 1 and the gasket 2.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail in the present specification with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and thus any modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to the present invention; all technical solutions and modifications thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An anti-vibration and anti-loosening assembly, comprising: the nut and the gasket are uniformly distributed with a plurality of wedge blocks, the wedge blocks are in concave-convex fit on the contact surfaces of the nut and the gasket, the heights of the wedge blocks on the nut are sequentially reduced to form inclined planes along the rotation direction during the fastening of the nut, and the wedge blocks on the nut and the wedge blocks on the gasket can be compressed in a staggered manner, and the nut is characterized in that the included angle of an acute angle between the inclined planes and the horizontal plane is a wedge angle alpha, and the value range of the wedge angle alpha is:
α+β<arctan(k0+k2)
wherein: alpha is a wedge angle; beta is the thread lead angle; k0 is the friction coefficient between the gasket and the surface of the fastened object; k2 is the contact surface friction coefficient between the wedge blocks.
2. The anti-vibration and anti-loosening assembly according to claim 1, wherein the friction coefficient k0 between the surface of the gasket and the surface of the object to be fastened is in the range of 0.05< k0<0.15, and the friction coefficient k2 between the contact surfaces between the wedge blocks is in the range of 0.005< k2<0.02.
3. The anti-vibration and anti-loosening assembly according to claim 1, wherein the wedge block on the nut is a wedge block a, the wedge block on the gasket is a wedge block B, the heights of the wedge block a are sequentially reduced along the rotation direction of the nut during fastening, an inclined plane of the lower end face of the wedge block a is formed, the upper end face of the wedge block B is also an inclined plane, the upper end face of the wedge block B is opposite to the lower end face of the wedge block a and is mutually attached, and acute included angles between the inclined planes on the wedge block a and the wedge block B and a horizontal plane are equal.
4. The anti-vibration and anti-loosening assembly of claim 1, wherein the washer slides relative to the nut when the washer is rotated counter to the nut tightening direction.
5. The anti-vibration and anti-loosening assembly of claim 1, wherein in the tightened condition, wedge a and wedge B are intermeshed.
6. The anti-vibration and anti-loosening assembly according to claim 1, wherein the wedge a and the wedge B are engaged with each other and rotated simultaneously during the tightening of the nut and the washer.
7. The anti-vibration and anti-loosening assembly of claim 1, wherein the side faces of wedge a and wedge B each form a vertical elevation.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310104189.8A CN116608196B (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Anti-vibration and anti-loose assembly |
PCT/CN2024/075187 WO2024169631A1 (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2024-02-01 | Anti-loosening assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202310104189.8A CN116608196B (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Anti-vibration and anti-loose assembly |
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CN116608196A CN116608196A (en) | 2023-08-18 |
CN116608196B true CN116608196B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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CN202310104189.8A Active CN116608196B (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Anti-vibration and anti-loose assembly |
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WO2024169631A1 (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2024-08-22 | 拉萨誉致信科技有限公司 | Anti-loosening assembly |
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KR101535989B1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-07-10 | 이상철 | Washer to prevent screw or nut loosening |
CN206555258U (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-10-13 | 孙愉后 | Fastener |
CN108443288A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-24 | 孙愉后 | Fastener |
CN112268055A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-01-26 | 徐勤 | Anti-loosening fastening nut gasket assembly |
CN112412951A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 浙江自紧王机械有限公司 | Combined type inclined plane or chute type structural connection is vice |
JP2021095991A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-24 | 秀子 栗原 | Locking fastening structure |
CN213575098U (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-06-29 | 丁菲 | Anti-loosening self-tightening device |
CN113550970A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-26 | 陈建军 | Bolt self-locking anti-loosening structure |
CN114135564A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 拉萨誉致信科技有限公司 | Anti-loosening nut and gasket assembly |
CN216742392U (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-06-14 | 李建明 | Anti-loose nut |
-
2023
- 2023-02-13 CN CN202310104189.8A patent/CN116608196B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101535989B1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-07-10 | 이상철 | Washer to prevent screw or nut loosening |
CN206555258U (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-10-13 | 孙愉后 | Fastener |
CN108443288A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-24 | 孙愉后 | Fastener |
JP2021095991A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-24 | 秀子 栗原 | Locking fastening structure |
CN113550970A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-26 | 陈建军 | Bolt self-locking anti-loosening structure |
CN213575098U (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-06-29 | 丁菲 | Anti-loosening self-tightening device |
CN112268055A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-01-26 | 徐勤 | Anti-loosening fastening nut gasket assembly |
CN112412951A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 浙江自紧王机械有限公司 | Combined type inclined plane or chute type structural connection is vice |
CN114135564A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 拉萨誉致信科技有限公司 | Anti-loosening nut and gasket assembly |
CN216742392U (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-06-14 | 李建明 | Anti-loose nut |
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