CN116590357B - 罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌在产γ-氨基丁酸及助睡眠产品中的应用 - Google Patents
罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌在产γ-氨基丁酸及助睡眠产品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
- C12P13/005—Amino acids other than alpha- or beta amino acids, e.g. gamma amino acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- C12R2001/225—Lactobacillus
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
本发明提供了罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02‑001在发酵制备γ‑氨基丁酸及助睡眠产品中的应用。罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02‑001体内的谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)催化L‑谷氨酸钠产生γ‑氨基丁酸,γ‑氨基丁酸作为一种非蛋白质组成的天然氨基酸对睡眠具有良好的改善作用,经过对HCS02‑001培养条件的优化,γ‑氨基丁酸产量可以达到5.637g/L。本发明的HCS02‑001的GABA产量要远高于E9、TR02,也更有效的延长小鼠的持续睡眠时间。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物技术领域,具体涉及罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001在发酵制备γ-氨基丁酸及助睡眠产品中的应用。
背景技术
失眠,包括难以启动或保持睡眠,是人群中最常见的睡眠障碍。超过20%的成年人患有慢性失眠症。许多导致慢性失眠的因素,如轮班工作、不规律的工作时间、时差和压力,都与现代生活方式有关。睡眠不足会导致记忆丧失、易怒、抑郁、注意力不集中和疲劳。除了认知功能,睡眠障碍还与代谢综合征相关,如肥胖、炎症、糖尿病和心血管疾病。尽管有许多药物可用于治疗失眠,包括苯二氮卓受体激动剂、抗组胺药、褪黑激素受体激动剂、抗焦虑药、抗抑郁药和抗精神病药,但药物依赖和滥用的潜在问题令人担忧。此外,这些药物经常伴有副作用,如头晕、头痛、嗜睡、健忘症和认知障碍,甚至导致死亡风险增加。因此,重要的是寻找一种潜在的催眠辅助药物来替代或减少这些催眠药物的使用,以更安全的选择来提高睡眠质量和效率而不产生显著的不良反应。
γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,简称GABA)又称γ-氨酪酸,哌啶酸,是一种非蛋白质组成的天然氨基酸,通常由L-谷氨酸及其钠盐经生物体内谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)催化而得来的,作为一种重要的神经递质广泛存在于生物体内,具有治疗癫病、健肝利肾、控制高血压、抗焦虑、控制哮喘、促进睡眠等一系列生理和保健功能。
γ-氨基丁酸的制备方法主要包括化学合成法和生物合成法两种,其中,植物富集法和微生物发酵法是最常用的两种生物合成方法。化学合成法虽然反应速度较快,但反应过程较猛烈,安全性较差,得率较低、成本较高,同时生产过程中副反应也比较多,并且在生产过程中常用有毒或者具有强腐蚀性的危险溶剂,对环境造成的污染比较严重,一般来说,采用化学合成法制备的GABA并不是一种天然的食品添加剂,因此很难将其应用于食品加工行业;植物富集的GABA的分离提取相对比较困难,而且其GABA的含量也相对较低,并不适合对GABA的大规模生产;微生物发酵法所得到的产品安全性好,产量高,而且成本较低,但想要获得高效的微生物菌种相对比较不容易,而乳酸菌是一种存在于人类体内益生菌,它能够将碳水化合物发酵生成乳酸,能够帮助消化,有助于人体肠道的健康,因此,常被看做一种健康有益菌为人所使用,乳酸菌作为一种食品安全级的微生物,同样富含谷氨酸脱羧酶,具有合成GABA的能力,并且其不仅拥有优良的保健功效,同时具有广阔的市场应用前景。
罗伊氏乳杆菌广泛存在于人和动物肠道中,来源较为丰富。其益生作用繁多,可调节肠道菌群有效预防腹泻,同时可抑制病源微生物的繁殖,减少肠道疾病的发生。罗伊氏乳杆菌具有较多益生作用,其中一项为参与胆固醇代谢,服用后经过消化系统进入肠道,具备耐酸耐胆盐特性,对机体发挥益生作用。专利CN 115025131A明公开了罗伊氏乳杆菌E9在制备缓解焦虑、改善睡眠药物中的应用,罗伊氏乳杆菌E9的发酵上清液、菌悬液,在体内失眠模型中均能显著降低斑马鱼的运动距离、狂躁时间、活跃时间,和显著增加静止时间,具备应用于体内缓解焦虑、改善睡眠的潜能。专利CN 114990011 A公开了罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri)HCS02-001既具有降胆固醇功能,又具有抑制阴道加德纳菌功能。但现有技术中并未公开罗伊氏乳杆菌HCS02-001在发酵制备γ-氨基丁酸中的应用。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001(保藏号为CGMCCNo.19746)在发酵制备γ-氨基丁酸及助睡眠产品中的应用。罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001体内的谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)催化L-谷氨酸钠产生γ-氨基丁酸,γ-氨基丁酸作为一种非蛋白质组成的天然氨基酸对睡眠具有良好的改善作用,并且相对于其他药物安全性高、副作用小。利用罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001发酵法获得γ-氨基丁酸具有得率高、成本低等优势,在改善睡眠方面有巨大的潜在应用前景。
本发明中:
“发酵液”是指将菌种接种于培养基,培养一段时间的液体。
“发酵液上清”是指发酵液经离心后的上层的澄清液体。内含细菌生长繁殖过程丰富的代谢产物及一部分菌体碎片,细菌分泌的酸性物质及细菌素对有害菌有拮抗、杀灭作用;细菌分解食物后的氨基酸,以及合成的维生素都在培养液内,还包括细菌分泌的对人体有用的酶;而部分的菌体成分对人体也有免疫促进作用。
“菌悬液”是指将离心后的上清液倒掉,加入水或缓冲液,震荡或吹吸将下层菌体悬起来形成的均一的悬浊液。
“发酵液沉淀”是指离心出来的液体沉淀,包括游离的蛋白,残留的菌体,破碎的细胞,培养基质的残渣,主要就是蛋白,细胞内的基质。
“活菌”也称活性菌群,可在肠道内定植、繁衍,有利于增加有益菌的数量。
本发明提供了罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001在发酵制备γ-氨基丁酸及助睡眠产品中的应用。
具体地,所述的产品可以包括罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001的发酵液、发酵液上清、发酵液沉淀、活菌、死菌中的一种或多种。
具体地,所述的罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001的培养基配方为:酵母蛋白胨10-20g/L,牛肉粉2-5g/L,酵母浸出物4-6g/L,磷酸二氢钾1-2g/L,一水柠檬酸15-20g/L,乙酸钠4-5g/L,无水葡萄糖10-20g/L,硫酸镁0.5-0.6g/L,硫酸锰0.2-0.3g/L,吐温80 0.5-0.6g/L,番茄汁1-2%(v/v),L-谷氨酸钠10-15g/L。
进一步具体地,所述的番茄汁是将番茄称量后碾碎,放入榨汁机中榨汁,然后进行过滤,弃去滤渣,称重,根据之前称得重量,用蒸馏水补充至原有的质量,最后分装至10mL离心管中,每管5mL,放入-20℃冰箱中待用。
优选地,所述的罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001的培养基配方为:酵母蛋白胨20g/L,牛肉粉3g/L,酵母浸出物6g/L,磷酸二氢钾2g/L,一水柠檬酸15g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,无水葡萄糖10g/L,硫酸镁0.58g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,吐温80 0.6g/L,番茄汁1%(v/v),L-谷氨酸钠15g/L。
具体地,所述培养基的pH为6-7;优选为pH6.5。
具体地,所述培养基的灭菌条件为115℃,30min。
具体地,所述的罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001的培养方法为:
(1)冻存菌种复苏,35-37℃复苏15-30s;
(2)一级培养,复苏的菌种转接到前述的培养基中,35-37℃,振荡培养16-20h;
(3)二级培养,一级培养所得菌悬液以4-8%的接种量转接于前述的培养基中,装液量40-60%,35-37℃,振荡培养16-20h;
(4)三级培养,二级培养所得菌悬液以4-8%的接种量转接于前述的培养基中,装液量40-60%,35-37℃,振荡培养16-20h。
优选地,步骤(1)所述的种复苏时间为30S。
优选地,步骤(3)-(4)所述的菌悬液接种量为5%。
优选地,步骤(2)-(4)所述的培养温度为37℃。
优选地,步骤(3)-(4)所述的装液量为50%。
优选地,步骤(2)-(4)所述的培养时间为20h。
本发明所取得的的技术效果:本发明提供了罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001在发酵制备γ-氨基丁酸及助睡眠产品中的应用。罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001体内的谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)催化L-谷氨酸钠产生γ-氨基丁酸,γ-氨基丁酸作为一种非蛋白质组成的天然氨基酸对睡眠具有良好的改善作用,经过对HCS02-001培养条件的优化,γ-氨基丁酸产量可以达到5.637g/L。本发明的HCS02-001的GABA产量要远高于E9、TR02,也更有效的延长小鼠的持续睡眠时间。
附图说明
图1为γ-氨基丁酸标准曲线图。
图2为对小鼠睡眠持续时间的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,对本发明作进一步详细的阐述,下述实施例不用于限制本发明,仅用于说明本发明。以下实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,下述实施例中所使用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
1.1培养基配方
MRS培养基:酵母蛋白胨10g/L,牛肉粉3g/L,酵母浸出物4g/L,磷酸二氢钾2g/L,一水柠檬酸20g/L,乙酸钠4g/L,无水葡萄糖20g/L,硫酸镁0.58g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,吐温800.6g/L,番茄汁1%(v/v),pH 6.5,115℃灭菌30min。
番茄汁配制:将番茄称量后碾碎,放入榨汁机中榨汁,然后进行过滤,弃去滤渣,称重,根据之前称得重量,用蒸馏水补充至原有的质量,最后分装至10mL离心管中,每管5mL,放入-20℃冰箱中待用。
MRS-S液体培养基:在MRS液体培养基的基础上添加10g/L的L-谷氨酸钠作为GABA合成的前体物质。
1.2试验菌株发酵液制备
(1)一级培养:将保藏于-80℃的罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001菌株冻存管取出,室温解冻,混匀,取1环菌液于MRS固体平板划线,37℃静置培养48h;
(2)二级培养:挑单菌落至5mL MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养20h;
(4)三级培养:5mL菌液接种至100mL MRS-S液体培养基中,37℃培养24h;
取培养好的菌液5000r/min离心20min取上清液1mL,用超纯水稀释20倍后,经0.22μm滤膜过滤备用。
1.4标准曲线的绘制
分别取0.4mL配制好的标准溶液,加入0.1mL 0.1mol/L碳酸钠,0.5mL0.2mol/LpH9.0的硼酸盐缓冲液,1mL 6%苯酚,1mL10%次氯酸钠溶液,混匀后放置4-8min,沸水浴10min后冰浴20min,待溶液出现蓝绿色后,加入2mL 60%的乙醇溶液,混匀后静置30min,于640nm处测定吸光度值。以GABA的浓度为横坐标,OD640为纵坐标绘制标准曲线见图1。
1.5样品中GABA含量测定
0.4mL试验菌株发酵液加入0.1mL 0.1mol/L碳酸钠,0.5mL 0.2mol/L pH9.0的硼酸盐缓冲液,1mL 6%苯酚,1mL10%次氯酸钠溶液,混匀后放置4-8min,沸水浴10min后冰浴20min,待溶液出现蓝绿色后,加入2mL 60%的乙醇溶液,混匀后静置30min,于640nm处测定吸光度值。
将在640nm处测定的样品体系吸光度值,带入标准曲线计算样品中GABA的含量,GABA含量(g/L)=3.267g/L。
实施例2发酵培养基的优化
(1)冻存菌种复苏:取存于低温冰箱内的菌种冻存管,立即放入37℃水浴锅内进行菌种复苏,30s,至冻存管内的固体全部融化;
(2)一级培养
将复苏的菌种1mL转接到10mL基础培养基中,37℃,100rpm振荡培养20h,4℃冰箱保存备用。
(3)二级培养
将一级培养所得菌悬液以5%的接种量转接于100mLMRS-S液体培养基中,装液量50%,37℃,100rpm振荡培养20h。
(4)三级培养
二级发酵所得菌悬液以5%的接种量转接到300mLMRS-S液体培养基中,装液量50%,37℃,100rpm振荡培养20h。
MRS-S液体培养基的具体配方及GABA的含量如下表所示:
以上实验结果表明罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001产GABA含量能够达到5.637g/L。
实施例3小鼠改善睡眠功能实验
1、罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001菌粉制备
(1)冻存菌种复苏:取存于低温冰箱内的植物乳杆菌菌泥冻存管,立即放入37℃水浴锅内进行菌种复苏至冻存管内液体全部融化;
(2)菌种活化扩培:将复苏好的1-2mL菌泥混合液直接接种至装有基础培养基的三角瓶A中,三角瓶密封,37℃培养箱恒温静置培养16±0.5h小时;按照2-6%接种量,将一级培养结束的菌悬液接种至装有基础培养基的三角瓶B中,三角瓶密封,37℃培养箱恒温静置培养8-10小时;
(3)菌种发酵:按照2-6%接种量,将菌悬液接种至装有MRS-S液体培养基的发酵罐中,开启发酵罐搅拌桨,转速为100rpm,通气量为0,37℃恒温培养7-12小时;再按照2-8%接种量,将菌悬液接种至装有MRS-S液体培养基的发酵罐中,开启发酵罐搅拌桨,转速为100rpm,通气量为0,37℃恒温培养6-12小时,直至监测到菌液OD600值停止增长或呈负增长,立即停止发酵;
(4)发酵液离心:发酵结束后进行离心,离心转速为10000-15000rpm;
(5)冷冻干燥:离心结束后,收集转鼓内的菌泥,置冻干机内,真空度0-1.0Pa,温度-25℃,持续冻干43-58小时;收集冻干粉,调配麦芽糊精,调配菌粉活菌数大于1.0×109cfu/g。
该罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001菌冻干粉用于以下动物实验。
2、动物实验分组
将50只SPF级6周龄雄性小鼠动物根据体重随机分为5组,每组10只,分为空白对照组、GABA溶液组、罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus reuteri)HCS02-001低剂量组、罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus reuteri)HCS02-001中剂量组、罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus reuteri)HCS02-001高剂量组。空白对照组每天灌胃无菌生理盐水,GABA溶液组灌胃8.83mg/kg·bw,低剂量组灌胃浓度为8.83mg/kg·bw,中剂量组灌胃浓度为16.67mg/kg·bw,高剂量组灌胃浓度为33.33mg/kg·bw,每天灌胃1次,小鼠的灌胃量为20mL/kg·bw,连续4周灌胃。环境温度维持在25℃左右,湿度控制在50%左右。
2、改善睡眠实验
实验参照《保健食品检验与评价技术规范(2003版)》中改善睡眠功能规范部分进行评价。
(1)延长戊巴比妥钠催眠小鼠的睡眠时间实验
小鼠经过灌胃后,30min后向小鼠注射诱导睡眠,注射量为10mL/kg·bw,以翻正反射消失后再次出现时的时间则为小鼠的睡眠时间,记录各组小鼠睡眠时间是否延长。结果见表1,与空白对照组对比,服用中剂量和高剂量的罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus reuteri)HCS02-001的小鼠睡眠时间显著高于空白对照组,高剂量组的睡眠时间显著高于GABA组。说明罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus reuteri)HCS02-001对于小鼠的睡眠起到延长的作用。
表1对小鼠睡眠持续时间的影响
(2)戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验
动物的给药方式同(1),以翻正反射消失达到1min以上的小鼠被认为进入睡眠状态,记录30min内小鼠入睡数量和入睡率。实验结果如表2所示,高剂量组的小鼠入睡率达到40%。中剂量组的小鼠经过灌胃后入睡率达到20%,说明罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus reuteri)HCS02-001能够促进小鼠入睡。
表2对小鼠睡眠率的影响
(3)巴比妥那睡眠潜伏期实验
动物的给药方式同(1),注射巴比妥钠腹腔注射剂后,小鼠的潜伏期为小鼠注射巴比妥钠到翻正反射消失的时间,观察受试物对巴比妥钠潜伏期的影响。结果见表3,与空白对照组相比,罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus reuteri)HCS02-001的低、中、高剂量组的睡眠潜伏时间显著降低,说明受试物可以缩短小鼠的睡眠潜伏期,使小鼠可以更快的入睡。
表3巴比妥钠小鼠睡眠潜伏实验
综上,延长戊巴比妥钠催眠小鼠的睡眠时间实验、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验、巴比妥那睡眠潜伏期实验三项实验中结果均呈阳性,罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus reuteri)HCS02-001具有改善睡眠的作用。
对比例1-2
参照实施例2和实施例3的实验方法,设置如下对比实验:
以上结果表明HCS02-001的GABA产量要远高于E9、TR02,也更有效的延长小鼠的持续睡眠时间。
Claims (1)
1.一种罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001发酵制备γ-氨基丁酸的方法,其特征在于,所述罗伊氏粘液乳杆菌HCS02-001的生物保藏号为CGMCC No.19746;
所述发酵制备γ-氨基丁酸的方法为:
(1)冻存菌种复苏:37℃复苏30s;
(2)一级培养:复苏的菌种转接到培养基中,培养温度为37℃,振荡培养20h;
(3)二级培养:一级培养所得菌悬液以5%的接种量转接于培养基中,装液量50%,培养温度为37℃,振荡培养20h;
(4)三级培养:二级培养所得菌悬液以5%的接种量转接于培养基中,装液量50%,培养温度为37℃,振荡培养20h;
所述培养基的配方为:酵母蛋白胨20g/L,牛肉粉5g/L,酵母浸出物6g/L,磷酸二氢钾2g/L,一水柠檬酸17g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,无水葡萄糖10g/L,硫酸镁0.58g/L,硫酸锰0.3g/L,吐温80 0.6g/L,番茄汁1%(v/v),L-谷氨酸钠15g/L。
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