CN116576384A - Liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery by adopting hydrogen fuel cell and operation method - Google Patents
Liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery by adopting hydrogen fuel cell and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116576384A CN116576384A CN202310493587.3A CN202310493587A CN116576384A CN 116576384 A CN116576384 A CN 116576384A CN 202310493587 A CN202310493587 A CN 202310493587A CN 116576384 A CN116576384 A CN 116576384A
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- fuel cell
- hydrogen
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 224
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 224
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0329—Foam
- F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0337—Granular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0365—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling with recovery of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
- F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
- F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery by adopting a hydrogen fuel cell and an operation method thereof, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen fuel cell, the liquid hydrogen storage tank is provided with a liquid hydrogen inlet and outlet and a gas hydrogen outlet, the output end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is respectively connected with a circulating pipeline and a gas hydrogen output pipeline, the circulating pipeline is respectively connected with a circulating pump and a refrigerator, and the gas hydrogen output pipeline is sequentially connected with the hydrogen fuel cell and the refrigerator. The invention recovers the combustion heat of the evaporated gas hydrogen in the long-term storage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. On one hand, the leakage heat from the external environment to the inside of the liquid hydrogen storage tank can be effectively reduced, on the other hand, the hydrogen fuel cell is adopted to efficiently recycle the gas-hydrogen combustion heat, the gas-hydrogen combustion heat is converted into part of electric energy of the refrigerator, the cold energy is provided for the liquid hydrogen storage tank for a long time, the temperature in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is reduced, the evaporation loss of the liquid hydrogen is reduced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the full utilization of energy is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid hydrogen storage tank heat insulation, in particular to a liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery by adopting a hydrogen fuel cell and an operation method.
Background
In recent years, attention has been paid to the development of new energy industries, and particularly, the development of hydrogen energy industries has been increasingly advanced. In the development process of the hydrogen energy industry, the high-efficiency and low-cost hydrogen storage and transportation technology is a necessary guarantee for realizing large-scale hydrogen utilization. The prior art mainly wraps the liquid hydrogen storage tank through a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials, reduces the heat leakage from the external environment to the liquid hydrogen storage tank, however, because the liquid hydrogen vaporization sensible heat is small, the liquid hydrogen vaporization evaporation can be caused by the extremely small heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the waste of hydrogen energy can still be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery by adopting a hydrogen fuel cell and an operation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery by adopting the hydrogen fuel cell comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank is provided with a liquid hydrogen inlet and outlet and a gas hydrogen outlet, the output end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is respectively connected with a circulating pipeline and a gas hydrogen output pipeline, the circulating pipeline is respectively connected with a circulating pump and a refrigerator, and the gas hydrogen output pipeline is sequentially connected with the hydrogen fuel cell and the refrigerator;
the tank body side wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank comprises an outer tank body of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, an inner tank body of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and a vacuum cavity, and a heat insulation structure and a cooling structure are respectively arranged between the outer tank body of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the inner tank body of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Preferably, the insulation structure comprises an outer multi-layer insulation material and an inner multi-layer insulation material, with an intermediate insulation material filled between the inner multi-layer insulation material and the inner tank body of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Preferably, the outer multi-layer heat insulating material, the middle heat insulating material and the inner multi-layer heat insulating material are arranged in a vacuum-pumping way.
Preferably, the intermediate heat insulating material is one or a combination of a plurality of polyurethane materials, pearlitic sand and hollow glass microsphere materials.
Preferably, the cooling structure comprises a large-area cold screen, the large-area cold screen is positioned between the inner tank body of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the middle heat insulation material, the large-area cold screen is provided with a refrigeration medium inlet and a refrigeration medium outlet, and two ends of the large-area cold screen are connected with the circulating pipeline in a combined way.
Preferably, a buffer tank is installed on the circulating pipeline, and the buffer tank is provided with a refrigerating medium inlet and a refrigerating medium outlet and is respectively connected with the large-area cold screen and the circulating pump through the circulating pipeline.
Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell is provided with a gas-hydrogen inlet, an air inlet, a tail gas outlet and an electric storage device, the gas-hydrogen inlet and the tail gas outlet are connected with the liquid hydrogen storage tank through a gas-hydrogen output pipeline, and the electric storage device can store electric energy converted by the hydrogen fuel cell and supply power for the refrigerator.
Preferably, the large-area cold screen is of a hexagonal honeycomb structure and is made of an aluminum alloy material, and the large-area cold screen is provided with a disturbing pipe.
Preferably, the energy source of the refrigerator is supplied by the electricity storage device of the hydrogen fuel cell and the external power supply at the same time.
A method of operating a liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using a hydrogen fuel cell, the method comprising the steps of:
1) The liquid hydrogen storage tank consists of an outer tank body of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, an inner tank body of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, a heat insulation structure and a vacuum cavity, so that heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is reduced.
2) The method comprises the steps that liquid hydrogen in a liquid hydrogen storage tank is gasified due to heat leakage, the liquid hydrogen is continuously accumulated in the storage tank, when the pressure in the tank is increased, a gas hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is opened, so that gas hydrogen enters a hydrogen fuel cell through a gas hydrogen output pipeline to react with oxygen in the air, an electric storage device in the hydrogen fuel cell is charged, and waste gas is released through a hydrogen fuel cell tail gas outlet after the reaction;
3) And the power switch of the refrigerator and the circulating pump is turned on, the refrigerating medium flows along the circulating pipeline, the refrigerator supplies cold for the refrigerating medium, and the refrigerating medium provides uniform cold energy for the heat insulation structure so as to reduce heat leakage from the outer environment of the liquid hydrogen storage tank to the inside of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention recovers the combustion heat of the evaporated gas hydrogen in the long-term storage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. On one hand, the leakage heat from the external environment to the inside of the liquid hydrogen storage tank can be effectively reduced, on the other hand, the hydrogen fuel cell is adopted to efficiently recycle the gas-hydrogen combustion heat, the gas-hydrogen combustion heat is converted into part of electric energy of the refrigerator, the cold energy is provided for the liquid hydrogen storage tank for a long time, the temperature in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is reduced, the evaporation loss of the liquid hydrogen is reduced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the full utilization of energy is realized.
Drawings
In order to more particularly and intuitively illustrate an embodiment of the present invention or a technical solution in the prior art, a brief description of the drawings is provided below, which are required to be used in the description of the embodiment or the prior art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the composite multi-layer heat insulating material.
In the figure: the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01, the composite multi-layer heat insulation material 02, the large-area cold screen 03, the refrigerator 04, the circulating pump 05, the buffer tank 06, the circulating pipeline 07, the hydrogen fuel cell 08, the gas hydrogen output pipeline 09, the liquid hydrogen storage tank outer tank 011, the liquid hydrogen storage tank inner tank 012, the outer multi-layer heat insulation material 021 and the inner multi-layer heat insulation material 022.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery by using a hydrogen fuel cell comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 and a hydrogen fuel cell 08, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 is provided with a liquid hydrogen inlet and outlet and a gas hydrogen outlet, the output end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 is respectively connected with a circulating pipeline 07 and a gas hydrogen output pipeline 09, the circulating pipeline 07 is respectively connected with a circulating pump 05 and a refrigerator 04, the gas hydrogen output pipeline 09 is sequentially connected with the hydrogen fuel cell 08 and the refrigerator 04, and the circulating pump 05 is provided with a motor, a refrigerating medium inlet and a refrigerating medium outlet and is connected with the circulating pipeline 07 to provide power for the refrigerating medium;
the tank body side wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank outer tank body 011, a liquid hydrogen storage tank inner tank body 012 and a vacuum cavity, an insulation structure and a cooling structure are respectively arranged between the liquid hydrogen storage tank outer tank body 011 and the liquid hydrogen storage tank inner tank body 012, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank outer tank body 011 and the liquid hydrogen storage tank inner tank body 012 are used as external main pressure-bearing members.
In this embodiment, the heat insulating structure includes an outer multi-layered heat insulating material 021 and an inner multi-layered heat insulating material 022, and an intermediate heat insulating material is filled between the inner multi-layered heat insulating material 022 and the inner tank body 012 of the liquid hydrogen tank.
In this embodiment, the outer multi-layered heat insulating material 021, the intermediate heat insulating material and the inner multi-layered heat insulating material 022 are vacuum-evacuated.
In this embodiment, the intermediate insulating material is one or a combination of several of polyurethane material, pearlitic sand and hollow glass microsphere material.
In this embodiment, the cooling structure includes a large-area cold shield 03, the large-area cold shield 03 is located between the tank 012 and the middle heat insulation material in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the large-area cold shield 03 has a refrigeration medium inlet and a refrigeration medium outlet, both ends are connected with the circulation pipeline 07 in a combined manner, and the large-area cold shield 03 provides continuous cold energy supply for the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01, so as to maintain the low temperature state of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01.
In this embodiment, the buffer tank 06 is installed on the circulation pipe 07, the buffer tank 06 has a refrigeration medium inlet and a refrigeration medium outlet, and can accommodate a certain amount of refrigeration medium, the buffer tank 06 has a refrigeration medium inlet and a refrigeration medium outlet, and is respectively connected with the large-area cold screen 03 and the circulation pump 05 through the circulation pipe 07, the refrigeration medium can be low-temperature helium, and the refrigeration medium can obtain cold energy from the refrigerator 04, so as to provide uniform cold energy supply for the large-area cold screen 04, thereby reducing heat leakage from the external environment of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 to the inside of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell 08 has a gas-hydrogen inlet, an air inlet, a tail gas outlet, and an electric storage device, the gas-hydrogen inlet and the tail gas outlet are connected to the liquid hydrogen tank 01 through a gas-hydrogen output pipe 09, and the electric storage device can store electric energy converted by the hydrogen fuel cell and supply power to the refrigerator.
In this embodiment, the large-area cold shield 03 is a hexagonal honeycomb structure, the large-area cold shield 03 is used for absorbing heat leakage from the external environment to the internal direction of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01, the hexagonal honeycomb structure is used for increasing the radiation heat exchange area, an aluminum alloy material is used, and a disturbing pipe is arranged on the large-area cold shield 03.
In the present embodiment, the energy source of the refrigerator 04 is supplied from the power storage device of the hydrogen fuel cell 08 and the external power supply at the same time.
A method of operating a liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using a hydrogen fuel cell, the method comprising the steps of:
1) The liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 is composed of an outer tank body 011 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, an inner tank body 012 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, a heat insulation structure and a vacuum cavity, so that heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 is reduced.
2) When the pressure in the tank is increased because the liquid hydrogen in the tank is continuously accumulated in the tank due to heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen tank 01, a gas hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen tank 01 is opened, so that gas hydrogen enters the hydrogen fuel cell 08 through a gas hydrogen output pipeline 09 to react with oxygen in the air, an electric storage device in the hydrogen fuel cell 08 is charged, and waste gas is released through a tail gas outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 08 after the reaction;
3) The power switches of the refrigerator 04 and the circulating pump 05 are turned on, the refrigerating medium flows along the circulating pipeline 07, the refrigerator 04 supplies cold for the refrigerating medium, and the refrigerating medium provides uniform cold energy for the heat insulation structure so as to reduce heat leakage from the external environment of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 to the inside of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
In the long-term storage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01, firstly, the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 is subjected to heat insulation and heat preservation by other heat insulation materials, an inner multi-layer heat insulation material 022 and an outer multi-layer heat insulation material 021, wherein the other heat insulation materials are filled between an inner tank body and the inner multi-layer heat insulation material and are one or a combination of a plurality of polyurethane materials, pearly-luster sand and hollow glass microsphere heat insulation materials, so that the heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is reduced.
However, because the liquid hydrogen has small vaporization latent heat and extremely small heat leakage, the liquid hydrogen can be vaporized, the prior art cannot realize complete heat insulation of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01, the liquid hydrogen in the storage tank is vaporized due to the heat leakage, and the liquid hydrogen is continuously accumulated in the storage tank, so that the pressure in the tank is increased.
After the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 is stored for a period of time, a gas hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 is opened, so that gas hydrogen enters the hydrogen fuel cell 08 through a gas hydrogen output pipeline 09, reacts with oxygen in the air, charges an electric storage device in the hydrogen fuel cell 08, and the waste gas after the reaction is released through a tail gas outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 08; the power switch of the refrigerator 04 and the circulating pump 05 is turned on, the refrigerating medium flows along the circulating pipeline 07, the refrigerator 04 supplies cold for the refrigerating medium, and the refrigerating medium provides uniform cold for the composite multilayer heat insulation material, so that the environment outside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 is reduced, heat leakage to the inside of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 01 is avoided, the evaporation loss of liquid hydrogen is reduced, the utilization efficiency of liquid hydrogen energy is improved, and the full utilization of energy is realized.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery by adopting the hydrogen fuel cell comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank (01) and a hydrogen fuel cell (08), wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank (01) is provided with a liquid hydrogen inlet and outlet and a gas hydrogen outlet, and is characterized in that the output end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (01) is respectively connected with a circulating pipeline (07) and a gas hydrogen output pipeline (09), the circulating pipeline (07) is respectively connected with a circulating pump (05) and a refrigerator (04), and the gas hydrogen output pipeline (09) is sequentially connected with the hydrogen fuel cell (08) and the refrigerator (04);
the tank body side wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (01) comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank outer tank body (011), a liquid hydrogen storage tank inner tank body (012) and a vacuum cavity, and a heat insulation structure and a cooling structure are respectively arranged between the liquid hydrogen storage tank outer tank body (011) and the liquid hydrogen storage tank inner tank body (012).
2. A liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating structure comprises an outer multi-layer heat insulating material (021) and an inner multi-layer heat insulating material (022), and an intermediate heat insulating material is filled between the inner multi-layer heat insulating material (022) and the inner tank body (012) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
3. A liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein a vacuum is provided between the outer multi-layer insulation (021), the intermediate insulation and the inner multi-layer insulation (022).
4. A liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein said intermediate thermal insulation material is one or a combination of several of polyurethane material, pearlitic sand and hollow glass microsphere material.
5. The liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the cooling structure comprises a large area cold screen (03), the large area cold screen (03) is located between the inner tank body (012) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the intermediate heat insulating material, the large area cold screen (03) has a refrigerating medium inlet and a refrigerating medium outlet, and both ends are connected in combination with the circulation pipe (07).
6. The liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein a buffer tank (06) is installed on the circulation pipe (07), and the buffer tank (06) has a refrigerating medium inlet and a refrigerating medium outlet, and is connected with the large-area cold screen (03) and the circulation pump (05) through the circulation pipe (07), respectively.
7. A liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell (08) has a gas hydrogen inlet, an air inlet, a tail gas outlet, and an electrical storage device, the gas hydrogen inlet and tail gas outlet being connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank (01) via a gas hydrogen output conduit (09), the electrical storage device being capable of storing electrical energy converted by the hydrogen fuel cell and powering a refrigerator.
8. The liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 7, wherein the large area cold screen (03) is of hexagonal honeycomb structure and made of aluminum alloy material, and the large area cold screen (03) is provided with a disturbing pipe.
9. The liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 8, wherein the energy source of the refrigerator (04) is supplied by the electric storage device of the hydrogen fuel cell (08) and an external power source at the same time.
10. A method of operating a liquid hydrogen storage tank system for energy recovery using a hydrogen fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
1) The liquid hydrogen storage tank (01) consists of an outer tank body (011) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, an inner tank body (012) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, a heat insulation structure and a vacuum cavity, so that heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (01) is reduced.
2) When the pressure in the tank is increased due to continuous aggregation in the storage tank caused by the gasification of liquid hydrogen in the storage tank due to heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (01), a gas hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (01) is opened, so that gas hydrogen enters a hydrogen fuel cell (08) through a gas hydrogen output pipeline (09) to react with oxygen in the air, an electric storage device in the hydrogen fuel cell (08) is charged, and waste gas is released through a tail gas outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell (08) after the reaction;
3) And (3) turning on a power switch of the refrigerator (04) and the circulating pump (05), enabling a refrigerating medium to flow along the circulating pipeline (07), cooling the refrigerating medium by the refrigerator (04), and providing uniform cooling capacity by the refrigerating medium for the heat insulation structure so as to reduce heat leakage from the outer environment of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (01) to the inside of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117570355A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-20 | 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen storage system and method for transportation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117570355A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-20 | 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen storage system and method for transportation |
| CN117570355B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-05-14 | 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen storage system and method for transportation |
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