CN116568313A - 用于过继免疫治疗的经修饰t细胞 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群,其中所述T细胞来源于患有癌症的对象中的前哨淋巴结。本发明还涉及用于获得这样的T细胞的方法,以及所述T细胞在治疗中的用途和包含这样的T细胞的药物组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及治疗性治疗领域。特别地,本发明涉及基于向有此需要的患者施用自体细胞的癌症治疗、可用于这样的治疗的细胞以及用于制备这样的细胞的方法。
背景技术
使用从肿瘤引流前哨淋巴结中分离的自体体外扩增淋巴细胞的过继免疫治疗在本领域是已知的(1)。还在恶性黑素瘤中研究了过继免疫治疗,包括收集和扩增自体肿瘤反应性淋巴细胞并再输注至患者(2)。
WO2018/234516教导了用于扩增抗肿瘤T细胞以及可吞噬颗粒的方法,所述颗粒具有一种或更多种与其紧密缔合的肿瘤新抗原构建体。
将自体或同种异体T细胞输注至患有癌症的患者的过继T细胞转移治疗近年来已显示出相当大的前景(3)。
Siglecs是识别唾液酸化聚糖的脊椎动物细胞表面受体。SIGLEC15是由以下组成的I型跨膜蛋白:(i)两个免疫球蛋白(Ig)样结构域,(ii)包含赖氨酸残基的跨膜结构域,以及(iii)短胞质尾。SIGLEC15在人的脾和淋巴结的巨噬细胞和/或树突细胞上表达(4)。SIGLEC15信使RNA表达在大多数正常人组织和多种免疫细胞亚群中很少,但可存在于巨噬细胞中,大多数在M2巨噬细胞中(4)。SIGLEC15不仅可调节破骨细胞分化,还可抑制T细胞应答(5)。
US2019/202912建议在癌症治疗中使用与SIGLEC15结合的抗体。
发明概述
本发明人出乎意料地发现,来源于前哨淋巴结的T细胞中的SIGLEC15的下调可减轻由癌症来源免疫抑制因子造成的免疫受损,从而降低肿瘤的侵袭和转移能力。
因此,在第一方面中,本发明涉及用于获得SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群的方法,其包括以下步骤:
S1.确定从对象中的癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结;
S2.从所确定的淋巴结中提取细胞;
S3.降低所提取的细胞中SIGLEC15的表达;以及
S4.在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下扩增SIGLEC15表达降低的经提取细胞。
在第二方面中,本发明涉及用于获得SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群的方法,其包括:
S1’.提供从对象取出的包含T细胞的淋巴结组织,所述淋巴结组织是从被确定为从所述对象中的癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结获得的;
S2.从所确定的淋巴结中提取细胞;
S3.降低所提取的细胞中SIGLEC15的表达;以及
S4.在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下扩增SIGLEC15表达降低的经提取细胞。
在一些实施方案中,如下降低SIGLEC15的表达:通过siRNA转染、shRNA转染或CRISPR介导的基因编辑来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达。
在一些实施方案中,通过以下方法来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达,从而降低SIGLEC15的表达:使用具有根据SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:6的核苷酸序列的siRNA分子,通过siRNA转染。
在一些实施方案中,所述有利于T细胞扩增的条件包括在存在白介素-2的情况下维持所述细胞。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及通过根据本发明的方法可获得的SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及根据本发明的T细胞群,其用于医学。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及根据本发明的T细胞群,其用于治疗癌症的方法。
在一些实施方案中,癌症是实体瘤。
在一些实施方案中,癌症是T细胞所来源的对象的癌性肿瘤或其转移。
在一些实施方案中,癌症选自结直肠癌、恶性黑素瘤、宫颈癌、头颈鳞状细胞癌(Head&Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma,HNSCC)、非小细胞肺癌(Non-Small Cell LungCarcinoma,NSCLC)的组。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及用于在对象中治疗癌性肿瘤的方法,其包括:
S1.确定从所述对象的癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结;
S2.从所确定的淋巴结中提取细胞;
S3.降低所提取的细胞中SIGLEC15的表达;
S4.在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下扩增SIGLEC15表达降低的经提取细胞;以及
S5.施用SIGLEC15表达降低的经扩增T细胞。
在一些实施方案中,如下降低SIGLEC15的表达:通过siRNA转染、shRNA转染或CRISPR介导的基因编辑来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达。
在一些实施方案中,通过以下方法来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达,从而降低SIGLEC15的表达:使用具有根据SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:6的核苷酸序列的siRNA分子,通过siRNA转染。
在一些实施方案中,癌症是实体瘤。
在一些实施方案中,癌症是T细胞所来源的对象的癌性肿瘤或其转移。
在一些实施方案中,癌症选自结直肠癌、恶性黑素瘤、宫颈癌、头颈鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)、非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的组。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及根据本发明的T细胞群在制备用于根据本发明的治疗方法的药物组合物中的用途。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及药物组合物,其包含根据本发明的T细胞群,以及任选的可药用赋形剂和/或载体。
附图简述
图1:示出了用于获得根据本发明的T细胞群的方法的流程图。
图2:示出了根据本发明的治疗方法的流程图。
图3:A:SIGLEC15分别在前哨淋巴结和非前哨淋巴结中的相对表达。B:SIGLEC15在siRNA敲低之前和之后在前哨淋巴结中的相对表达。
图4:SIGLEC15在不同细胞类型中的蛋白质表达。A:前哨淋巴结(Sentinel Node,SN)与非前哨淋巴结(Non-Sentinel Node,NSN)在不同细胞类型中的比较;B:前哨淋巴结(SN)在不同细胞类型中的比较。
图5:在SIGLEC15敲低之后的T细胞功能性细胞因子释放。
发明详述
引流原发性肿瘤的淋巴结对于启动有效的抗肿瘤T细胞免疫应答至关重要。然而,癌症来源的免疫抑制因子使前哨淋巴结(SN)免疫受损,使得肿瘤能够侵袭和转移。
本发明人已研究了这种免疫逃逸背后的不同机制,以设计在早期临床阶段阻止肿瘤扩散的治疗干预策略。因此,本发明借鉴了对癌症患者例如结直肠癌患者的淋巴结中转录水平的微环境调节的理解。
数种细胞因子通过直接的抗增殖活性或促细胞凋亡活性,或间接地通过刺激免疫细胞对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒活性来限制肿瘤细胞生长。认为白介素2(interleukin-2,IL-2)2是促进自然杀伤(natural killer,NK)细胞和T淋巴细胞扩增的关键细胞因子。NK细胞和T细胞是杀伤肿瘤的主要淋巴细胞亚群。肿瘤坏死因子α(Tumor Necrosis Factorα,TNF-α)主要被认为是抗肿瘤免疫应答的介质。干扰素γ(Interferonγ,IFN-γ)是具有相关的抗增殖、促凋亡和抗肿瘤机制的多效性分子。IFN-γ的释放是例如CAR-T细胞产品tisagenlecleucel质量评估中的关键效力指标(6)。
已经发现,从肿瘤引流淋巴结中分离并进行处理以降低SIGLEC15表达的T细胞具有改善的抗肿瘤作用,如通过以上所讨论的效应细胞因子的释放谱所评估的。如在以下实验部分所公开的,SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞显示出细胞因子IL-2、TNF-α和IFN-γ的释放提高。
因此,本发明部分涉及经处理以降低SIGLEC15表达的自体T细胞在癌症治疗中的用途,以及相应的治疗方法。本发明还涉及用于制备和获得这样的T细胞的方法、通过这样的方法获得或可获得的T细胞以及包含这样的T细胞的药物组合物。
因此,在第一方面中,本发明涉及用于获得SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群的方法,其包括:
S1.确定从对象中的癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结;
S2.从所确定的淋巴结中提取细胞;
S3.降低所提取的细胞中SIGLEC15的表达;以及
S4.在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下扩增SIGLEC15表达降低的经提取细胞。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及不包括对人体或动物体进行任何手术步骤的方法,该方法用于获得SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群,所述方法包括:
S1’.提供从对象取出的包含T细胞的淋巴结组织,所述淋巴结组织是从被确定为从所述对象中的癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结获得的;
S2.从所确定的淋巴结中提取细胞;
S3.降低所提取的细胞中SIGLEC15的表达;以及
S4.在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下扩增SIGLEC15表达降低的经提取细胞。
以上方法在图1中示意性地示出。
可如本领域已知的那样将淋巴结确定为是从癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结,例如如Dahl及其同事所描述的那样(7)。简言之,将可检测且生理上可接受的染料注射到肿瘤内或肿瘤周围。淋巴液将染料从注射部位运送至引流淋巴结,引流淋巴结因此被染料染色并被确定为引流淋巴结。示例性的染料是专利蓝、伊文思蓝和Alexa488染料。
从被确定为引流淋巴结的淋巴结中提取细胞可以以多种方式进行。整个淋巴结可通过切除术从患者体内取出。也可只获得一块淋巴结组织,例如通过活检。淋巴结组织的提取细胞可制成本领域已知的单细胞悬液(8)。
然后降低提取细胞中SIGLEC15的表达。
在一些实施方案中,通过siRNA转染来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达,从而降低SIGLEC15的表达。简言之,可用siRNA转染淋巴结单细胞。根据制造商的说明,可将1μmol/LsiRNA在具有Accell siRNA递送介质(GE Dharmacon)的96孔组织培养板中转染72小时。RT-PCR通常用于评估经siRNA转染组和未经转染组中的SIGLEC15 mRNA表达。其他方案是本领域公知的(9)并且将不在此详细描述。用于通过siRNA下调特定基因的表达的方案和试剂也可从许多公司包括但不偏向于ThermoFisher Scientific、Sigma-Aldrich、Qiagen和GEDharmacon商购获得。
在一些实施方案中,通过短发夹RNA(Short Hairpin RNA,shRNA)转染来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达,从而降低SIGLEC15的表达。这样的方案是本领域公知的(10)并且将不在此详细描述。简言之,可使用例如来自上海GenePharma公司(上海,中国)的转染试剂盒,根据制造商的说明将携带SIGLEC15 shRNA的pGPU6载体转染到如上获得的淋巴结单细胞中。在孵育四十八小时之后,通过RT-PCR确认SIGLEC15表达的敲低。用于通过shRNA下调特定基因的表达的其他方案以及试剂也可从许多公司包括但不偏向于ThermoFisherScientific和Sigma-Aldrich商购获得。
在一些实施方案中,通过CRISPR介导的基因编辑来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达,从而降低SIGLEC15的表达。构建CRISPR/Cas9载体以用于靶向SIGLEC15基因内选定的特定位点和区域。sgRNA是使用CRISPRdirect(http://crispr.dbcls.jp/)设计的。合成sgRNA寡聚体并将其克隆到pU6gRNACas9EGFP载体中。首先将淋巴结单细胞接种在6孔板中,并随后使用Lipofectamine 2000(ThermoFisher Scientific)按照制造商的说明进行转染。在将细胞孵育另外的48小时之后,通过RT-PCR和流式细胞术确认了SIGLEC15表达的敲除。
在降低SIGLEC15的表达之后,在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下离体培养所提取的细胞。这样的方案和试剂本身是已知的,并且可例如以商品名GibcoTMCTSTMOpTmizerTM、CTSAIM V培养基和CTS Immune Cell SR(ThermoFisher Scientific)获得,以及来自StemCell Technologies Inc.(Cambridge,MA,USA),如技术公告#27143中所公开的)。WO2018234516和中国专利申请CN108220234中也公开了用于扩增T细胞的方案。
一般而言,将SIGLEC15表达降低的单细胞悬液在存在白介素-2和/或其他细胞因子的情况下重悬于不含血清的细胞培养基中,并转移到生长容器例如烧瓶或板中。然后使细胞在37℃下在富含5%CO2气氛中扩增,并在细胞培养期间通过肿瘤抗原以及抗原呈递细胞再刺激。
提供以下方案(8)作为一种可能的方案。将从SLN获得的单细胞悬液在存在1000IU/ml重组人白介素-2(双鹿,中国)的情况下以4×106个细胞/ml的密度重悬于X-VIVOTM15不含血清的细胞培养基(LONZA)中。将这些细胞接种在烧瓶或板中,并在37℃下保持在含有5%CO2的湿润气氛中。如前所述(1),将自体肿瘤裂解物以1/100(v/v)的稀释度添加至初始培养物。为了诱导高度肿瘤特异性的SLN-T细胞,通过在SLN-T细胞培养期间添加自体肿瘤裂解物和经辐照自体PBMC进行再刺激。在输注之前一周,取出5ml培养基,使用BACTEC9120(Becton-Dickinson)进行细菌和真菌污染测试,并基于鲎反应(Limulusreaction)测量内毒素水平。在输注当天,重复这些测定以检测任何细菌、真菌或内毒素污染。分析了SLN-T细胞的淋巴细胞亚群。此外,使用1×106个细胞进行肿瘤表面标志物上皮细胞黏附分子(epithelial cell adhesion molecule,EpCAM)的流式细胞术分析,以排除肿瘤细胞的存在。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及通过根据上述方面的方法获得或可获得的SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及通过根据本发明的方法获得或可获得的SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群,其用于医学。
在该方面的一个实施方案中,本发明涉及通过根据上述方面的方法获得或可获得的SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群,其用于癌症的治疗,例如实体瘤的治疗。
在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及自体T细胞在用于治疗癌性肿瘤的方法中的用途。根据该实施方案,通过根据上述方面的方法获得或可获得的T细胞群可用于治疗这样的癌性肿瘤:其位于获得肿瘤引流淋巴结的对象中,在根据以上所讨论的方法确定为肿瘤引流淋巴结的淋巴结附近。
癌性肿瘤可以是任何形式的实体癌。根据本发明的实体癌是来源于器官的异常组织块。实体癌通常不包含囊肿或液体区域。实体癌可以是恶性的。不同类型的实体癌以形成它们的细胞类型命名。实体癌的类型包括肉瘤、癌和淋巴瘤。本发明提供了包含通过本发明的方法获得或可获得的T细胞的组合物。
实体癌的一些实例包括肾上腺癌、肛门癌、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤、B细胞淋巴瘤、胆管癌、膀胱癌、脑/CNS肿瘤、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌、子宫内膜癌、食管癌、尤文家族肿瘤(ewing family of tumors)、眼癌、胆囊癌、胃肠道类癌、胃肠道间质瘤(gastrointestinal stromal tumor,gist)、妊娠滋养细胞疾病、肝脾T细胞淋巴瘤、霍奇金淋巴瘤、血管内大B细胞淋巴瘤、肾癌、喉及下咽癌、肝癌、肺癌(非小细胞及小细胞肺癌)、肺类癌肿瘤淋巴瘤样肉芽肿病、恶性间皮瘤、鼻腔及鼻旁窦癌、鼻咽癌、神经母细胞瘤、淋巴结边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、口腔和口咽癌、骨肉瘤、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、阴茎癌、垂体瘤、原发性渗出性淋巴瘤、前列腺癌、视网膜母细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、唾液腺癌、肉瘤、皮肤癌(基底和鳞状细胞、黑素瘤和默克尔细胞癌)、小肠癌、胃癌、睾丸癌、胸腺癌、甲状腺癌、子宫肉瘤、阴道癌、外阴癌、华氏巨球蛋白血症(Waldenstrommacroglobulinemia)和维尔姆斯瘤(Wilms'tumor)。本发明的T细胞在实体癌的治疗中特别有效。因此,待用本发明的治疗方法治疗的对象可能患有实体癌。本发明的T细胞在治疗选自以下的实体癌方面特别有效:肛门癌、膀胱癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌、肝癌、肺癌(非小细胞和小细胞肺癌)、肺类癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、阴茎癌、前列腺癌、胃癌、睾丸癌、子宫肉瘤、阴道癌、外阴癌,并且对于乳腺癌、结肠癌、肝癌、肺癌(非小细胞和小细胞肺癌)、肺类癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、卵巢癌和膀胱癌的治疗甚至更加特别。
在一个实施方案中,癌症选自结直肠癌、恶性黑素瘤、宫颈癌、头颈鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)、非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的组。
在一个方面中,本发明涉及在对象中治疗癌性肿瘤的方法,所述方法包括
S1.确定从所述对象的癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结;
S2.从所确定的淋巴结中提取细胞;
S3.降低所提取的细胞中SIGLEC15的表达;
S4.在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下扩增SIGLEC15表达降低的经提取细胞;以及
S5.施用SIGLEC15表达降低的经扩增T细胞。
步骤S1可替换为如上所讨论的步骤S1’。
根据本发明的治疗方法在图2中示意性地示出。
可如上所述进行步骤S1、S2、S3和S4。
所述扩增T细胞的施用可通过本领域已知的静脉内施用来完成(11)。施用也可以是动脉内的、鞘内的或腹膜内的。
提供以下方案(8)作为用于施用T细胞的一个可用方案。收获最终的SLN-T细胞,在盐水溶液中洗涤两次并转移至含有200ml盐水溶液和1%人血清白蛋白(CSL BehringGmbH,Germany)的无菌塑料袋中。根据医院的血液输注指南,在60分钟的间隔内静脉内输注细胞。在细胞输注之后使用不良事件通用术语标准(Common Terminology Criteria forAdverse Event,CTCAE)3.0标准评估输注相关毒性。
本发明还涉及根据上述方法获得或可获得的T细胞群在制备药物组合物中的用途。在一个实施方案中,该药物组合物用于癌症的治疗,例如实体瘤的治疗。
本发明还涉及包含根据上述方法获得或可获得的T细胞群的药物组合物。在一个实施方案中,该药物组合物用于如上所述的医学,例如用于癌症的治疗,例如实体瘤的治疗。
所述药物组合物可包含本领域常见的可药用赋形剂。药物组合物优选配制成适合于注射,例如静脉内动脉内、鞘内或腹膜内施用的液体。
“药物赋形剂”或“可药用赋形剂”是载体,通常是液体,在其中配制有活性治疗剂。在本发明的一个实施方案中,活性治疗剂是通过根据本发明的方法获得或可获得的T细胞群。赋形剂通常不为制剂提供任何药理活性,尽管它可提供化学和/或生物稳定性。示例性的制剂可见于例如Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences,19th Ed.,Grennaro,A.,Ed.,1995中,所述文献通过引用并入。
本文中使用的“可药用载体”或“赋形剂”包括生理上相容的任何和所有溶剂、分散介质、包衣剂、抗细菌剂和抗真菌剂、等张剂和吸收延迟剂。在一个实施方案中,载体适合于肠胃外施用。或者,载体可适合于静脉内、腹膜内、肌内或舌下施用。可药用载体包括用于临时制备无菌可注射溶液剂或分散剂的无菌水溶液或分散剂。这样的介质和药剂用于药物活性物质的用途在本领域是公知的。除非任何常规介质或药剂与活性化合物不相容,否则预期其在本发明的药物组合物中的用途。也可将补充性活性化合物并入组合物中。
在进行本发明时,技术人员可使用本领域已知的方法和方案,包括但不限于本文中引用的专利文件和科学文章中公开的,以及这样的文件中的参考文献,所有这些均通过引用并入本文。
实验性的
基因表达分析
如前所述(7)确定前哨淋巴结和非前哨淋巴结。简言之,将嗜淋巴细胞染料(专利蓝,Sigma-Aldrich)注射到原发性肿瘤周围的浆膜下。肿瘤引流淋巴结(即前哨淋巴结)被染成蓝色。未染色的淋巴结被认为是非前哨淋巴结。
从23名诊断为结直肠癌的患者中的每一名中获得两个淋巴结,一个非转移性前哨淋巴结(SN)和一个非前哨淋巴结(NSN)淋巴结,并用于通过高通量RNA测序技术和生物信息学分析来获得基因表达谱。
使用Ilumina的RNA-SEQ技术通过对淋巴结组织进行测序来获得基因表达数据。
与非前哨淋巴结相比,总共有16个基因(包括9个上调基因和7个下调基因)在前哨淋巴结中差异表达。发现IL1RL1、STON2、TPSAB1、GATA2、DNAJB4、NR2F1和DIPK2A下调,并且发现PLA2G2D、ZBED6CL、SIGLEC15、KCNC3、ATP2A1、MMP2-AS1、FBXO41、DSC2和TFEC上调。
通过RT-PCR验证
使用TRIzol试剂按照制造商的说明从来自上述23名患者中随机选择的8名患者的SN和NSN对中提取总RNA。使用带有gDNA Eraser的PrimeScriptTMRT试剂盒(Takara,日本)进行cDNA合成。使用Primer5软件设计SIGLEC15和内参基因β-肌动蛋白的引物。使用TBPremix Ex TaqTMII(Takara,日本)按照制造商的说明进行RT-qPCR。在PCR之后进行解链曲线分析以确定引物特异性,并使用2-ΔΔCt法计算SIGLEC15的相对水平(12)。在三种前哨淋巴结中分析了SIGLEC15在siRNA敲低之前和之后在前哨淋巴结中的相对表达。结果在表1和表2以及图3中示出。
表1:SIGLEC15分别在前哨淋巴结和非前哨淋巴结中的相对表达。
样品 | SN | NSN |
样品1 | 2.133172171 | 1 |
样品2 | 1.277509861 | 1 |
样品3 | 2.716344768 | 1 |
样品4 | 3.626724246 | 1 |
样品5 | 1.819656602 | 1 |
样品6 | 3.040552625 | 1 |
样品7 | 2.413287155 | 1 |
样品8 | 1.318898005 | 1 |
平均值 | 2.293268179 | 1 |
SD | 0.824711061 | 0 |
表2:SIGLEC15在siRNA敲低之前和之后在前哨淋巴结中的相对表达。
对照 | S15-96 | S15-965 | S15-138 | |
SIGLEC15(Ct平均值) | 31.978 | 31.071 | 31.262 | 31.58 |
β-肌动蛋白(ct平均值) | 18.807 | 16.155 | 15.953 | 16.54 |
Δct | 13.171 | 14.916 | 15.309 | 15.04 |
ΔΔct | 0 | 1.745 | 2.138 | 1.869 |
2-ΔΔct | 1 | 0.298 | 0.227 | 0.274 |
RNAscope原位杂交
为了进一步探索SIGLEC15在淋巴结中的表达模式,使用RNAscope原位杂交技术(13)研究了SIGLEC15和CD163在来自4名患者的SN和NSN对中的表达,该RNAscope原位杂交技术可提供RNA在组织细胞中的空间表达信息。结果在表3中公开并且表明前哨淋巴结中的mRNA表达更高(p=0.042,Student t检验)。
表3:通过RNAscope分析的所表达的SIGLEC15 mRNA。
SN | NSN | |
样品1 | 70.65 | 61.58 |
样品2 | 69.57 | 49.61 |
样品3 | 60.87 | 56.99 |
样品4 | 59.83 | 44.70 |
平均值 | 65.23 | 53.22 |
根据SIGLEC15和CD163在前哨淋巴结和非前哨淋巴结切片的复染结果,可进一步确定与NSN相比SIGLEC15在SN中高度表达。另外,SIGLEC15不仅在M2巨噬细胞中表达,也在其他细胞类型中表达。
由此结果可进一步确定与NSN相比SIGLEC15在SN中高度表达,SIGLEC15不仅在M2巨噬细胞中表达,也在其他细胞中表达。
流式细胞术分析
通过流式细胞术检测了不同细胞亚群表面上的SIGLEC15蛋白表达。
在手术之后立即使用松配合(loose-fit)玻璃匀浆器通过施加温和的压力获得来自SN或NSN和肿瘤组织的单细胞悬液。
对于来自SN或NSN的细胞的SIGLEC15分析,使用针对CD45、CD86、CD11c、CD163、CD11b、CD15、CD14、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD16、CD56、CD19和SIGLEC15的荧光标记单克隆抗体(mAb)(Biolegend)。根据制造商的建议,将细胞在存在mAb的情况下在室温(18至25℃)下孵育20分钟,并避光。在孵育之后,将细胞悬液用磷酸盐缓冲盐水(phosphate-buffered saline,PBS)洗涤,并将细胞沉淀物重悬于0.5ml PBS中以用于分析。使用Navios流式细胞仪(Beckman Coulter)进一步分析样品。收集至少50,000个全事件并使用Flowjo软件(FlowjoLCC)分析。
SIGLEC15在几乎所有前哨淋巴结亚组中均相对高地表达(图4A)。对于前哨淋巴结,SIGLEC15在M2巨噬细胞中相对高地表达(图4B),并且对于非前哨淋巴结观察到相同的趋势(数据未示出)。
SIGLEC15功能分析
为了评价SIGLEC15在前哨淋巴结中的作用,通过siRNA技术敲低了前哨淋巴结中SIGLEC15的表达。简言之,根据制造商的说明(GE Dharmacon),用siRNA进行淋巴结单细胞的转染。
为了确认敲除效果,总共合成了3个siRNA序列。遵循siRNA设计原则根据靶基因(SIGLEC15)的RNA序列并使用siRNA设计软件(Invivogen,https://www,invivogen.com/sirnawizard/guidelines.php)设计siRNA。
设计了以下siRNA序列(包含互补链和3’-TT突出端以防止被3’-核酸外切酶降解):
表4:siRNA序列
将1μmol/L siRNA在具有Accell siRNA递送介质的96孔组织培养板中转染72小时。使用RT-PCR来评估经siRNA转染组和未经转染组中的SIGLEC15 mRNA表达。
使用流式细胞术来检测淋巴结中所有活细胞表面上SIGLEC 15蛋白的平均荧光强度(mean fluorescence intensity,MFI),以评价siRNA干扰对SIGLEC15蛋白表达降低的影响。结果在表5中示出。
表5:活的淋巴结细胞上SIGLEC15表达的平均荧光强度(MFI)
对照 | S15-96 | S15-965 | S15-138 | |
样品1 | 917 | 812 | 780 | 746 |
样品2 | 1026 | 999 | 800 | 688 |
样品3 | 999 | 804 | 759 | 598 |
样品4 | 1536 | 1240 | 1161 | 1041 |
样品5 | 1327 | 924 | 1046 | 915 |
平均值 | 1161 | 955.8 | 909.2 | 797.6 |
SD | 260.9 | 178.4 | 182.5 | 178.6 |
流式细胞术数据表明,由来自前哨淋巴结的细胞中的T细胞释放的抗肿瘤功能性细胞因子(例如IL-2、TNFα和IFNγ)在SIGLEC15敲低之后上调。(表6和图5)。
表6:在SIGLEC15敲低之后的T细胞功能性细胞因子释放
在SIGLEC15阻断之后,功能性T细胞细胞因子提高,这被认为是T细胞的抗肿瘤作用增强。
IL2主要由Th1 T细胞分泌。IL2是经活化的Th细胞以及细胞毒性T细胞和NK细胞的标志物,也是经活化的T细胞之增殖的必要要素。
TNFα主要由经活化的T淋巴细胞和自然杀伤(NK)细胞产生。它在某些肿瘤类型组中诱导出血性坏死,并用于局部晚期软组织肉瘤和转移性黑素瘤的局部治疗。TNFα还会引起炎性应答,从而诱导更多的免疫细胞来杀伤肿瘤。
IFNγ在激活细胞免疫和随后刺激抗肿瘤免疫应答中发挥关键作用。它作为细胞毒性细胞因子与颗粒酶B和穿孔素一起发挥作用来启动肿瘤细胞的凋亡,但也能够合成免疫检查点抑制分子和吲哚胺-2,3-双加氧酶(IDO),从而刺激其他免疫抑制机制。
因此,细胞因子释放谱表明了SIGLEC15表达降低的经扩增T细胞的抗肿瘤作用。
参考文献
1.Pilot Study of Sentinel-Node-Based Adoptive lmmunotherapy inAdvanced Colorectal Cancer.Karlsson,M.,et al.2010,Ann Surg Oncol,Vol.17,pp.1747-1757.
2.Generation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cultures for use inadoptive transfer therapy for melanoma patients.Dudley,M.E.,et al.,.4,2003,Journal of lmmunotherapy,Vol.26,pp.332-342.
3.A guide to cancer immunotherapy:from T cell basic science toclinical practice.Waldman,A.D.,et al.2020,Nature Reviews Immunology,Vol.20,pp.651-668.
4.SIGLEC15:an immune system Siglec conserved throughout vertebrateevolution.Angata,T.,et al.8,2007,Glycobiology,Vol.17,pp.838-846.
5.SIGLEC15as an immune-suppressor and potential target fornormalization cancer immunotherapy.Wang,J.et al.4,2019,Nature Medicine,Vol.25,pp.656-666.
6.Optimizing CAR-fCell Manufacturing Process during Pivotal ClinicalTrials.Tyagarajan,S.,et al.March 2020,Molecular Therapy:Methods&ClinicalDevelopment,Vol.16,pp.136-144.
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序列表
<110> Guizhou Sinorda Biotechnology CO., Ltd.
<120> 用于过继免疫治疗的经修饰T细胞
<130> P217803PC01
<150> EP21152684.3
<151> 2021-01-21
<150> PCT/CN2020/134641
<151> 2020-12-08
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Claims (14)
1.用于获得SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群的方法,其包括:
S1.确定从对象中的癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结;
S2.从所确定的淋巴结中提取细胞;
S3.降低所提取的细胞中SIGLEC15的表达;以及
S4.在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下扩增SIGLEC15表达降低的经提取细胞。
2.用于获得SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群的方法,其包括:
S1.提供从对象取出的包含T细胞的淋巴结组织,所述淋巴结组织是从被确定为从所述对象中的癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结获得的;
S2.从所确定的淋巴结中提取细胞;
S3.降低所提取的细胞中SIGLEC15的表达;以及
S4.在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下扩增SIGLEC15表达降低的经提取细胞。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中如下降低SIGLEC15的表达:通过siRNA转染、shRNA转染或CRISPR介导的基因编辑来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中如下降低SIGLEC15的表达:使用具有根据SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:6的核苷酸序列的siRNA分子,通过siRNA转染来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,其中所述有利于T细胞扩增的条件包括在存在白介素-2的情况下维持所述细胞。
6.通过根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法获得或可获得的SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群,其用于医学。
7.通过根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法获得或可获得的SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群,其用于治疗癌症的方法。
8.根据权利要求7所述应用的T细胞群,其中所述癌症是实体瘤。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述应用的T细胞群,其中所述癌症是所述T细胞所来源的对象的癌性肿瘤或其转移。
10.根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述应用的T细胞群,其中所述癌症选自结直肠癌、恶性黑素瘤、宫颈癌、头颈鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)、非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的组。
11.药物组合物,其包含通过根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法获得或可获得的SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群,以及任选的可药用赋形剂和或载体。
12.用于在对象中治疗癌性肿瘤的方法,其包括:
S1.确定从所述对象的癌性肿瘤中引流淋巴液的淋巴结;
S2.从所确定的淋巴结中提取细胞;
S3.降低所提取的细胞中SIGLEC15的表达;
S4.在有利于T细胞扩增的条件下扩增SIGLEC15表达降低的经提取细胞;以及
S5.施用SIGLEC15表达降低的经扩增T细胞。
13.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中通过以下方法来下调编码SIGLEC15的基因的表达,从而降低SIGLEC15的表达:siRNA转染,例如经由使用具有根据SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ IDNO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:6的核苷酸序列的siRNA分子;shRNA转染;或CRISPR介导的基因编辑。
14.通过根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法获得或可获得的SIGLEC15表达降低的T细胞群在制备用于根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的方法的药物组合物中的用途。
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