CN116535261A - Special fermentation and decomposition biological organic fertilizer for peanuts and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special fermentation and decomposition biological organic fertilizer for peanuts and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116535261A CN116535261A CN202310514462.4A CN202310514462A CN116535261A CN 116535261 A CN116535261 A CN 116535261A CN 202310514462 A CN202310514462 A CN 202310514462A CN 116535261 A CN116535261 A CN 116535261A
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- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims description 29
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000193417 Brevibacillus laterosporus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 9
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- GIPOFCXYHMWROH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-aminoacetate;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O GIPOFCXYHMWROH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- JNMKPXXKHWQWFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-aminoacetate;manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O JNMKPXXKHWQWFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940004916 magnesium glycinate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- AACACXATQSKRQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-aminoacetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O AACACXATQSKRQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003280 cupric chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000014075 nitrogen utilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special fermenting and decomposing biological organic fertilizer for peanuts and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 45-65 parts of organic matters, 6-8 parts of coated microbial preparations, 3-5 parts of chelated trace element components and 8-12 parts of wine tanks; the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is formed by compounding nitrogen fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate: the chelated trace element components comprise magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum. The invention adopts a compound mode of organic nutrient, inorganic nutrient and microorganism, has comprehensive nutrition, is easy to be absorbed by crops, can improve the micro-ecological environment of soil, simultaneously, has long effective live bacteria survival period, quick and stable fertilizer, reasonable nutrient collocation and high nutrient durability through special coating technology treatment, can provide the nutrient needed by crops for a long time, is suitable for the growing period of the crops, and can achieve the aim of saving the application amount of the fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a special fermented and decomposed biological organic fertilizer for peanuts and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Peanut, leguminous peanut belongs to annual herbaceous plants, and root of the peanut has root nodules; the stems are vertical or creeping and have edges; the supporting leaves are fluffed, the lobular oval shape or inverted oval shape, the tip is blunt, the base is nearly round, and the whole edge is round; the corolla is yellow or golden yellow; the flower column extends out of the calyx tube; the peanut is planted in a wide planting range in China and in a national range, has wide application range, can be used as raw materials of cosmetics such as soap making, hair growing oil and the like besides oil, has a plurality of applications in foods, chemical industry and medicines, has rich nutrition of peanut stems and leaves, is an excellent feed, and has peanut shells as an industrial raw material.
For the fertilizer for peanuts, the fertilizer source is mainly urea, but the volatilization of urea in alkaline soil is serious, so that the nitrogen utilization efficiency is low; especially in the peanut planting area where sandy loam is very popular, the main problems of the soil type are high nitrogen nitrification rate, serious volatilization, easy fixation of phosphorus and poor effective effect, so that the fertilizer nutrient utilization efficiency is low and the production environment cost is high. In addition, a large amount of balanced fertilizer is easy to cause excessive fertilizer investment, so that fertilizer resources are wasted.
In contrast, the organic fertilizer is a better choice for peanut planting at present, and is prepared by taking animal and plant residues such as livestock and poultry feces, crop straws and the like as raw materials and performing innocent treatment and decomposition. China is a traditional agricultural country, and the application of organic fertilizer is an excellent tradition of agricultural production. In the production process of organic fertilizer, biomass serving as a raw material and a microbial agent playing an important role in fermentation and decomposition are important key factors.
However, the microbial agent is mainly used in the existing organic fertilizer fermentation process, the activity of microorganisms in the fermentation process is damaged, the fertilizer efficiency is released quickly, and the fertilizer requirements of peanuts in different growing periods are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a special fermenting and decomposing biological organic fertilizer for peanuts, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is formed by compounding nitrogen fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate;
the chelated trace element components comprise magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum.
Further, the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
further, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer consists of the following components in parts by mass: 6-8 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 4-6 parts of diammonium phosphate and 46 parts of potassium nitrate;
the nitrogen fertilizer consists of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride and urea formaldehyde;
the weight ratio of the nitrogen provided by the ammonium nitrate, the ammonium chloride and the urea formaldehyde is 1:0.5-0.8:0.6-0.8.
Further, the organic matter consists of the following components in parts by mass: 12-16 parts of animal manure, 6-8 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 3-5 parts of soybean meal, 3-5 parts of plant ash, 2-4 parts of humic acid and 4-6 parts of potassium fulvate.
Further, the microorganism in the coated microorganism preparation is compounded by three bacteria of bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the microorganism is more than or equal to 5.0x10 9 cfu/g。
Further, the preparation method of the coated microbial preparation specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Inoculating bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus into slant culture medium respectively, and culturing at 35-40 ℃ for 30-40h to obtain seed liquid: mixing the seed liquid and transferring into a fermentation tank for fermentation for 30-40h to obtain mixed fermentation bacteria liquid;
(2) Adding modified volcanic rock powder into the mixed fermentation bacteria liquid, uniformly mixing, concentrating to the original volume of 45-55% under the low-temperature negative pressure vacuum condition, and then granulating by a roller and drying by a fluidized bed to obtain modified volcanic rock particles loaded with microorganisms;
(3) Mixing polyamino acid, sodium alginate and hydroxymethyl cellulose with water to obtain coating solution;
(4) And adding the modified volcanic rock particles loaded with the microorganisms into the coating solution, solidifying, and freeze-drying to obtain the coated microorganism preparation.
Further, the weight ratio of the modified volcanic rock powder to the polyurethane to the sodium alginate to the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 24-26:15-17:8-10:4-6.
Further, the preparation method of the modified volcanic rock specifically comprises the following steps: placing volcanic rock into hydrochloric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, and washing to neutrality to obtain activated volcanic rock; dispersing the activated volcanic rock in an ethanol solution, adding n-propyl trimethoxy silane into the solution under stirring, stirring and reacting for 30-40min at 55-65 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified volcanic rock.
Further, the chelated trace element components are magnesium glycinate, ferrous glycinate, manganese glycinate, basic copper chloride, basic zinc chloride and ammonium molybdate respectively.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the special fermenting and decomposing biological organic fertilizer for peanuts, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring organic matters uniformly, placing the organic matters under sunlight for irradiation for 25-35 hours, adding water into the organic matters to adjust the water content to be 60-70%, adding distilled grains, fermenting the organic matters after mixing uniformly, maintaining the composting temperature to be 55-65 ℃ for 4-5d, and maintaining the composting temperature to be 40-50 ℃ for 3-4d, and turning the compost once a day to obtain a fermented fertilizer;
(2) Adding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, coated microbial preparations and chelated trace element components into the fermented fertilizer in the step (1), and uniformly mixing to obtain the special fermented and decomposed biological organic fertilizer for peanuts.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts a compound mode of organic nutrient, inorganic nutrient and microorganism, has comprehensive nutrition, is easy to be absorbed by crops, can improve the micro-ecological environment of soil, simultaneously, has long effective live bacteria survival period, quick and stable fertilizer and reasonable nutrient collocation and high nutrient durability through special coating technology treatment, can provide the nutrient needed by crops for a long time, is suitable for the growing period of the crops, and can achieve the aim of saving the application amount of the fertilizer;
(2) According to the invention, active microorganisms are loaded on volcanic rocks, and the volcanic rocks loaded with the microorganisms are embedded through a three-dimensional network structure formed by the polyamino acid, the sodium alginate and the hydroxymethyl cellulose, so that the microorganisms can be well protected, the direct contact of the microorganisms with fertilizer can be avoided, the death rate of the microorganisms is reduced, the porous structure of the volcanic rocks is utilized, the microorganisms can move in the porous structure, so that a good living place is provided for the microorganisms, the survival rate and the biological activity of the microorganisms in soil are improved, the soil improvement effect of the microorganisms is exerted, the soil aggregation is improved, and the growth speed and the yield of crops are improved.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to illustrate the technical aspects of the present invention more clearly, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 discloses a special fermenting and decomposing biological organic fertilizer for peanuts, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is formed by compounding nitrogen fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate;
the chelated trace element components comprise magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum.
The nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer consists of the following components in parts by mass: 6 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 4 parts of diammonium phosphate and 4 parts of potassium nitrate;
the nitrogen fertilizer consists of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride and urea formaldehyde;
the weight ratio of nitrogen provided by the ammonium nitrate, the ammonium chloride and the urea formaldehyde is 1:0.5:0.6.
Wherein the organic matter consists of the following components in parts by mass: 12 parts of animal manure, 6 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 3 parts of bean pulp, 3 parts of plant ash, 2 parts of humic acid and 4 parts of potassium fulvate.
Wherein the microorganism in the coated microorganism preparation is compounded by three bacteria of bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the microorganism is 5.5x10 9 cfu/g。
The preparation method of the coated microbial preparation specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Inoculating bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus into slant culture medium respectively, and culturing at 35 ℃ for 30 hours to obtain seed liquid; mixing and transferring the seed liquid into a fermentation tank for fermentation for 30 hours to obtain mixed fermentation bacteria liquid;
(2) Adding modified volcanic rock powder into the mixed fermentation bacteria liquid, uniformly mixing, concentrating to 45% of the original volume under the low-temperature negative pressure vacuum condition, and then granulating by a roller and drying by a fluidized bed to obtain modified volcanic rock particles loaded with microorganisms;
(3) Mixing polyamino acid, sodium alginate and hydroxymethyl cellulose with water to obtain coating solution;
(4) And adding the modified volcanic rock particles loaded with the microorganisms into the coating solution, solidifying, and freeze-drying to obtain the coated microorganism preparation.
Wherein the weight ratio of the modified volcanic rock powder to the polyurethane to the sodium alginate to the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 24:15:8:4.
The preparation method of the modified volcanic rock specifically comprises the following steps: placing volcanic rock into hydrochloric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, and washing to neutrality to obtain activated volcanic rock; dispersing the activated volcanic rock in an ethanol solution, adding n-propyl trimethoxy silane into the solution under stirring, stirring and reacting for 30-40min at 55-65 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified volcanic rock.
Wherein the chelated trace element components are magnesium glycinate, ferrous glycinate, manganese glycinate, basic cupric chloride, basic zinc chloride and ammonium molybdate respectively.
And provides a preparation method of the special fermentation decomposed biological organic fertilizer for peanuts in the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring organic matters uniformly, then placing the organic matters under sunlight for irradiation for 25 hours, adding water into the organic matters to adjust the water content to be 60%, adding distilled grains, fermenting the organic matters after mixing uniformly, maintaining the composting temperature to be 55 ℃ for 4d, and maintaining the composting temperature to be 40 ℃ for 3d, and turning the compost once a day to obtain a fermented fertilizer;
(2) Adding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, coated microbial preparations and chelated trace element components into the fermented fertilizer in the step (1), and uniformly mixing to obtain the special fermented and decomposed biological organic fertilizer for peanuts.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 discloses a special fermenting and decomposing biological organic fertilizer for peanuts, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is formed by compounding nitrogen fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate;
the chelated trace element components comprise magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum.
The nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer consists of the following components in parts by mass: 8 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 6 parts of diammonium phosphate and 6 parts of potassium nitrate;
the nitrogen fertilizer consists of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride and urea formaldehyde;
the weight ratio of the nitrogen provided by the ammonium nitrate, the ammonium chloride and the urea formaldehyde is 1:0.8:0.8.
Wherein the organic matter consists of the following components in parts by mass: 16 parts of animal manure, 8 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 5 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of humic acid and 6 parts of potassium fulvate.
Wherein the microorganism in the coated microorganism preparation is compounded by three bacteria of bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the microorganism is 5.4x10 9 cfu/g。
The preparation method of the coated microbial preparation specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Inoculating bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus into slant culture medium respectively, and culturing at 40 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain seed liquid; mixing and transferring the seed liquid into a fermentation tank for fermentation for 40 hours to obtain mixed fermentation bacteria liquid;
(2) Adding modified volcanic rock powder into the mixed fermentation bacteria liquid, uniformly mixing, concentrating to 55% of the original volume under the low-temperature negative pressure vacuum condition, and then granulating by a roller and drying by a fluidized bed to obtain modified volcanic rock particles loaded with microorganisms;
(3) Mixing polyamino acid, sodium alginate and hydroxymethyl cellulose with water to obtain coating solution;
(4) And adding the modified volcanic rock particles loaded with the microorganisms into the coating solution, solidifying, and freeze-drying to obtain the coated microorganism preparation.
Wherein, the weight ratio of the modified volcanic rock powder, the polyamino acid, the sodium alginate and the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 26:17:10:6.
the preparation method of the modified volcanic rock specifically comprises the following steps: placing volcanic rock into hydrochloric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, and washing to neutrality to obtain activated volcanic rock; dispersing the activated volcanic rock in an ethanol solution, adding n-propyl trimethoxy silane into the solution under stirring, stirring at 65 ℃ for 40min, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified volcanic rock.
Wherein the chelated trace element components are magnesium glycinate, ferrous glycinate, manganese glycinate, basic cupric chloride, basic zinc chloride and ammonium molybdate respectively.
And provides a preparation method of the special peanut fermentation and decomposition biological organic fertilizer in the embodiment 2, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring organic matters uniformly, then placing the organic matters under sunlight for irradiation for 35 hours, adding water into the organic matters to adjust the water content to 70%, adding distilled grains, fermenting after mixing uniformly, maintaining the temperature of composting to 65 ℃ for 5d, and maintaining the temperature of composting to 50 ℃ for 4d, and turning the compost once a day to obtain a fermented fertilizer;
(2) Adding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, coated microbial preparations and chelated trace element components into the fermented fertilizer in the step (1), and uniformly mixing to obtain the special fermented and decomposed biological organic fertilizer for peanuts.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 discloses a special fermenting and decomposing biological organic fertilizer for peanuts, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is formed by compounding nitrogen fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate;
the chelated trace element components comprise magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum.
The nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer consists of the following components in parts by mass: 7 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate and 5 parts of potassium nitrate;
the nitrogen fertilizer consists of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride and urea formaldehyde;
the weight ratio of nitrogen provided by the ammonium nitrate, the ammonium chloride and the urea formaldehyde is 1:0.7:0.7.
Wherein the organic matter consists of the following components in parts by mass: 14 parts of animal manure, 7 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 4 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of humic acid and 5 parts of potassium fulvate.
Wherein the microorganisms in the coated microbial preparation are composed of large organismsThe bacillus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus are compounded, and the microorganism is 5.3 multiplied by 10 9 cfu/g。
The preparation method of the coated microbial preparation specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Inoculating bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus into slant culture medium respectively, and culturing at 40 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain seed liquid; mixing and transferring the seed liquid into a fermentation tank for fermentation for 35 hours to obtain mixed fermentation bacteria liquid;
(2) Adding modified volcanic rock powder into the mixed fermentation bacteria liquid, uniformly mixing, concentrating to 50% of the original volume under the low-temperature negative pressure vacuum condition, and then granulating by a roller and drying by a fluidized bed to obtain modified volcanic rock particles loaded with microorganisms;
(3) Mixing polyamino acid, sodium alginate and hydroxymethyl cellulose with water to obtain coating solution;
(4) And adding the modified volcanic rock particles loaded with the microorganisms into the coating solution, solidifying, and freeze-drying to obtain the coated microorganism preparation.
Wherein the weight ratio of the modified volcanic rock powder to the polyurethane to the sodium alginate to the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 25:16:9:5.
The preparation method of the modified volcanic rock specifically comprises the following steps: placing volcanic rock into hydrochloric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, and washing to neutrality to obtain activated volcanic rock; dispersing the activated volcanic rock in an ethanol solution, adding n-propyl trimethoxy silane into the solution under stirring, stirring at 60 ℃ for reaction for 35min, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified volcanic rock.
Wherein the chelated trace element components are magnesium glycinate, ferrous glycinate, manganese glycinate, basic cupric chloride, basic zinc chloride and ammonium molybdate respectively.
And provides a preparation method of the special fermentation decomposed biological organic fertilizer for peanuts in the embodiment 3, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring organic matters uniformly, then placing the organic matters under sunlight for irradiation for 30 hours, adding water into the organic matters to adjust the water content to 65%, adding distilled grains, fermenting after mixing uniformly, maintaining the temperature of composting to 60 ℃ for 5d, and maintaining the temperature of composting to 45 ℃ for 3d, and turning the compost once a day to obtain a fermented fertilizer;
(2) Adding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, coated microbial preparations and chelated trace element components into the fermented fertilizer in the step (1), and uniformly mixing to obtain the special fermented and decomposed biological organic fertilizer for peanuts.
Test examples
The fertilizer efficiency was detected using the fermented and decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts prepared by the method described in example 3. Test cells each 65m 2 The test design is as follows:
experimental group: applying the organic fertilizer prepared in example 3, 9kg of fertilizer;
control group 1: applying an organic fertilizer prepared by application number 202110066035.5, and applying 9kg of fertilizer;
control group 2 (CK): no fertilizer is applied;
fertilizing, seeding and applying after emergence of seedlings. Harvesting peanut after ripening. The experimental results are shown in Table 1
Table 1: yield results of different treatments
Note that: the same column of letters in the table show significant differences, the letters show insignificant differences, and P is less than 0.05.
From the test results, the yield of the special fermented decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts is increased by 77.4 percent compared with the special fermented decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts which is not applied with the fertilizer and is increased by 18.3 percent compared with the special fermented decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts. Therefore, the special fermentation and decomposition biological organic fertilizer for peanuts can effectively increase peanut yield and has good market value.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The special fermenting and decomposing biological organic fertilizer for peanuts is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is formed by compounding nitrogen fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate;
the chelated trace element components comprise magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum.
2. The special fermented decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
3. the special fermented and decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 6-8 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 4-6 parts of diammonium phosphate and 4-6 parts of potassium nitrate;
the nitrogen fertilizer consists of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride and urea formaldehyde;
the weight ratio of the nitrogen provided by the ammonium nitrate, the ammonium chloride and the urea formaldehyde is 1:0.5-0.8:0.6-0.8.
4. The special fermented and decomposed biological organic fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic matter consists of the following components in parts by mass: 12-16 parts of animal manure, 6-8 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 3-5 parts of soybean meal, 3-5 parts of plant ash, 2-4 parts of humic acid and 4-6 parts of potassium fulvate.
5. The special fermented and decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microorganisms in the coated microbial preparation are compounded by three bacteria of bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the microorganisms are more than or equal to 5.0x10 9 cfu/g。
6. The special fermented and decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the coated microbial preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) Inoculating bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus into slant culture medium respectively, and culturing at 35-40 ℃ for 30-40h to obtain seed liquid: mixing the seed liquid and transferring into a fermentation tank for fermentation for 30-40h to obtain mixed fermentation bacteria liquid;
(2) Adding modified volcanic rock powder into the mixed fermentation bacteria liquid, uniformly mixing, concentrating to the original volume of 45-55% under the low-temperature negative pressure vacuum condition, and then granulating by a roller and drying by a fluidized bed to obtain modified volcanic rock particles loaded with microorganisms;
(3) Mixing polyamino acid, sodium alginate and hydroxymethyl cellulose with water to obtain coating solution;
(4) And adding the modified volcanic rock particles loaded with the microorganisms into the coating solution, solidifying, and freeze-drying to obtain the coated microorganism preparation.
7. The special fermented and decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 6, wherein the weight ratio of the modified volcanic rock powder, the polyamino acid, the sodium alginate and the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 24-26:15-17:8-10:4-6.
8. The special fermented decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preparation method of the modified volcanic rock is specifically as follows: placing volcanic rock into hydrochloric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, and washing to neutrality to obtain activated volcanic rock; dispersing the activated volcanic rock in an ethanol solution, adding n-propyl trimethoxy silane into the solution under stirring, stirring and reacting for 30-40min at 55-65 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified volcanic rock.
9. The special fermented and decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chelated trace element components are magnesium glycinate, ferrous glycinate, manganese glycinate, basic cupric chloride, basic zinc chloride and ammonium molybdate respectively.
10. The method for preparing a fermented decomposed bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts, according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing and stirring organic matters uniformly, placing the organic matters under sunlight for irradiation for 25-35 hours, adding water into the organic matters to adjust the water content to be 60-70%, adding distilled grains, fermenting the organic matters after mixing uniformly, maintaining the composting temperature to be 55-65 ℃ for 4-5d, and maintaining the composting temperature to be 40-50 ℃ for 3-4d, and turning the compost once a day to obtain a fermented fertilizer;
(2) Adding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, coated microbial preparations and chelated trace element components into the fermented fertilizer in the step (1), and uniformly mixing to obtain the special fermented and decomposed biological organic fertilizer for peanuts.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117362128A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-01-09 | 湖北茂盛生物有限公司 | Preparation process of synergistic fertilizer containing volcanic mineral substances |
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