CN116440272A - Gpvi抑制剂在制备发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物中的应用 - Google Patents
Gpvi抑制剂在制备发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了GPVI抑制剂在制备发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物中的应用。本发明经过广泛而深入的研究,首次发现GPVI是介导SFTSV与血小板黏附的关键受体蛋白,可作为治疗发热伴血小板减少综合征的分子靶标。GPVI抑制剂可减少发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒与血小板的黏附、阻碍病毒在血小板内的复制、抑制血小板活化和聚集,从而遏制感染患者血小板急剧破坏的病理进程,起到抑制血小板减少的效果,为发热伴血小板减少综合征的临床救治开辟新策略新思路。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药研究领域,具体涉及GPVI抑制剂在制备发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物中的用途。
背景技术
发热伴血小板减少综合征(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome,SFTS)是一种新发急性传染病,由发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒(severe fever withthrombocytopenia syndrome virus,SFTSV)感染所致,该新病毒隶属于布尼亚病毒科白蛉病毒属。SFTS急性起,进展快,主要临床表现为血小板减少、白细胞减少、发热、全身肌肉酸痛,重症患者可迅速进展为呼吸衰竭、全身弥散性血管内凝血、多器官功能障碍综合征而导致死亡,病死率高达30%,严重威胁人类生命健康。作为全球重要的公共卫生问题,SFTS已被WHO列为优先关注的十大突发传染病之一。
SFTS的发病机制、病理特征及致死原因目前仍不明确,临床上尚无针对该病的特异性药物或疗法,感染患者主要采取对症支持治疗,联合使用利巴韦林等进行广谱抗病毒治疗。事实上,利巴韦林抗病毒疗法在SFTS的治疗中颇具争议。越来越多的临床数据表明单纯使用利巴韦林对SFTS重症病例无明显疗效,治疗前后患者血小板计数和血清病毒载量无显著变化;相反,服用利巴韦林还容易引起溶血性贫血、高淀粉酶血症等不良反应。抗血小板减少是另一类临床上常用的救治方法。血小板计数减少作为SFTS的主要临床特征,是诱发SFTS患者产生多种并发症甚至威胁患者生命的重要危险因素。抗血小板减少的主要治疗方法包括输注血小板、注射重组人IL-11和重组人血小板生成素,但均无法从根本上遏制感染患者血小板损伤的病理进程,在治疗中收效甚微。
因此,亟需开发安全、有效、特异性强的新型SFTS治疗药物或治疗策略,提高临床医治水平。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术的缺点,本发明的目的在于提供GPVI抑制剂在制备发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物中的用途,用于解决现有技术中针对发热伴血小板减少综合征缺乏有效治疗手段的问题。
我们首次发现GPVI可作为治疗发热伴血小板减少综合征的分子靶标。GPVI抑制剂可减少发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒与血小板的黏附、阻碍该病毒在血小板内的复制、抑制血小板活化和聚集,从而遏制感染患者血小板急剧损伤的病理进程,起到抑制血小板减少的效果。
本发明的一方面提供了GPVI抑制剂在制备发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物中的应用。
进一步地,所述GPVI抑制剂包括:特异性抑制GPVI的小分子化合物;特异性与GPVI结合的抗体或配体;或特异性干扰GPVI信号通路的干扰分子。优选地,所述GPVI抑制剂αGPVI或者ibrutinib。进一步地,所述GPVI抑制剂通过阻断发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒表面糖蛋白与作用靶点GPVI结合来阻断该病毒与血小板的结合,从而发挥遏制血小板减少的功能。
本发明的另一方面提供了一种用于治疗发热伴血小板减少综合征的药物,所述药物含有治疗有效量的GPVI抑制剂。
进一步地,所述GPVI抑制剂为发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物的唯一有效成分或有效成分之一。
进一步地,所述GPVI抑制剂包括:特异性抑制GPVI的小分子化合物;特异性与GPVI结合的抗体或配体;或特异性干扰GPVI信号通路的干扰分子。
进一步地,所述药物中还含有人体可以接受的载体。这类载体包括(但并不限于):盐水、缓冲液、葡萄糖、水、甘油、乙醇、粉剂及其组合。
所述药物或者药物组合物的形式无特殊限制,可以为固体、液体、凝胶、半流质、气雾等各种物质形式。
本发明的另一方面提供了一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物中含有上述药物。
本发明的药物、制剂或者药物组合物可通过常规的方式施用于所需的对象(如人和非人哺乳动物)。代表性的施用方式包括(但并不限于):口服或注射(包括静脉注射、静脉滴注、肌肉注射或皮下注射等中的一种或多种)等中的一种或多种给药途径。使用药物组合物时,是将安全有效量的药物施用于哺乳动物。当然,具体剂量和方法还应考虑给药途径、病人健康状况等因素,这些都是熟练医师技能范围之内的。
与现有技术相比,本发明创造的GPVI抑制剂在制备发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物中的应用,具有以下有益效果:
本申请发现了血小板受体GPVI是SFTSV与血小板相互作用的关键蛋白,为治疗SFTS提供了潜在靶点。靶点治疗相较于SFTS传统治疗方法,具有如下优点:①抑制血小板表面GPVI蛋白,能减少发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒与血小板之间的黏附,降低患者体内血小板活化、血小板聚集的比率,进而减少血小板损伤,是一种从根源上解决血小板计数减少的治疗方法;②抑制血小板表面GPVI蛋白,能抑制病毒在血小板内的复制,是一种有潜力的降低SFTS病程中病毒载量的治疗方法。
附图说明
图1:GPVI介导SFTSV黏附血小板抑制实验结果图。
图2:GPVI与SFTSV包膜蛋白Gc、Gn结合能力测定。
图3:GPVI抑制剂减弱由SFTSV及其包膜蛋白Gc导致的GPVI信号传导蛋白磷酸化水平。
图4:GPVI抑制剂阻碍由SFTSV及其包膜蛋白诱导的血小板活化功能。
图5:GPVI抑制剂阻碍由SFTSV包膜蛋白Gc诱导的血小板聚集功能。
图6:GPVI抑制剂降低SFTSV在血小板内的复制水平。
具体实施方式
本发明是基于广泛而深入的研究,发现GPVI是SFTSV与血小板结合的关键受体蛋白,GPVI能够直接与SFTSV表面糖蛋白Gn、Gc结合,促进该病毒与血小板的相互作用,从而导致SFTSV感染患者血小板损伤,血小板计数急剧减少。依据研究结果,进一步开发针对抗该分子靶标的诊断治疗新方法,能够给SFTS患者的临床救治提供更多策略和选择。
在本申请中,“SFTSV”是指属于布尼亚病毒科白蛉病毒属的发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus,SFTSV),是急性感染性疾病发热伴血小板减少综合征(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome,SFTS)的病原体。
在本申请中,“GPVI”是指血小板膜糖蛋白VI,在血小板和巨核细胞上表达,是激活血小板的重要胶原受体,是介导SFTSV与血小板黏附的关键受体蛋白,是治疗SFTS的潜在靶点。
在本申请中,所述“GPVI抑制剂”可减少发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒与血小板的黏附、阻碍病毒在血小板内的复制、或抑制血小板活化和聚集。
在本申请中,“αGPVI”是指抗GPVI抗体,是可以与人GPVI特异性结合,但单独存在时不会引发人血小板凝聚的人单克隆抗体或其活性片段。
在本申请中,“Gc”是指SFTSV表面包膜蛋白C,本实验证实Gc可直接与血小板GPVI结合以增强血小板活化和聚集。
在本申请中,“Gn”是指SFTSV表面的糖蛋白刺突N,本实验证实Gn可直接与血小板GPVI结合以增强血小板活化、血小板聚集。
在本申请中,“ibrutinib”是指酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,其可抑制GPVI信号通路激活,其中文化学名称为1-[(3R)-3-[4-氨基-3-(4-苯氧基苯基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]嘧啶-1-基]-1-哌啶基]-2-丙烯-1-酮。
在本申请中,所述的小分子化合物可以是纯净形式存在的化合物,或纯度大于85%(较佳地大于90%,例如大于95%,98%,99%)的化合物。在得知其化学结构的情况下,所述的小分子化合物可通过化学合成的方式获得。本发明还包括化合物的前体,所述的“前体”指当用适当的方法服用后,该化合物的前体在病人体内进行代谢或化学反应而转变成具有活性的该化合物。
以下通过特定的具体实例对本发明的具体实施方式做详细说明。本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用,在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。
实施例一GPVI介导SFTSV黏附血小板
富血小板血浆(1×108血小板/mL)分别和抗GPVI抗体(αGPVI,5μg/mL)、血浆对照孵育0.5小时,将人血小板清洗三次,接着与SFTSV(1×106TCID50/mL)在37℃下共培养0.5小时,之后提取各实验组的上清液。待检测的上清液用RNeasy Mini Kit(Qiagen)裂解,经氯仿抽提和异丙醇沉淀,提取血清中SFTSV核酸,接着使用one-step real-time qRT-PCR Kit(TaKaRa)试剂盒配制实时定量PCR反应体系,并在ABI7500 Fast Real-Time PCR(AppliedBiosystems)系统进行实时定量PCR扩增反应,确定各实验组血清中SFTSV的基因拷贝数。
实验结果显示SFTSV与正常人血小板结合后,血清中SFTSV的核酸浓度显著下降;而SFTSV与αGPVI预处理过的血小板结合显著受到抑制(图1)。实验结果证实,血小板表面GPVI是介导SFTSV黏附血小板的关键受体。
实施例二SFTSV包膜蛋白Gc、Gn能直接与GPVI结合
为了进一步确定GPVI在SFTSV黏附血小板过程中的关键作用,将SFTSV的包膜蛋白Gc、Gn分别与不同浓度的重组人GPVI蛋白进行表面等离子体共振,测定其结合能力。按照OpenSPRTM仪器标准操作程序,将400mM NiCl2溶液和100mM咪唑溶液混合加载传感器芯片,然后以20μL/min的流速注射重组人GPVI蛋白(20μg/mL固定缓冲液,pH=5.0)。加载好的芯片注入乙醇胺盐酸盐(1M,20μL/min)240秒使其固定。GPVI固定在羧基传感器芯片上后,将SFTSV糖蛋白Gc、Gn分别以20μL/min的流速通过芯片4分钟,使其Gc、Gn与配体GPVI充分相互作用,接着在进样口注入缓冲液8分钟收集实时结合信号。然后使用TraceDrawer(Nicoyalife)软件将曲线拟合到一对一结合模型来计算结合动力学参数(平衡解离常数),确定Gc、Gn与GPVI的结合能力。
实验结果如图2所示,SFTSV包膜蛋白Gc、Gn与GPVI结合的平衡解离常数分别为8.85x10-9和1.11x 10-8M。实验结果证实,SFTSV包膜蛋白Gc、Gn均可与GPVI直接结合,Gc与GPVI的结合能力优于Gn。
实施例三SFTSV可激活血小板内GPVI下游信号通路
按照实施例1步骤,富血小板血浆(1×108血小板/mL)分别和抗GPVI抗体(αGPVI,5μg/mL)、血浆对照孵育0.5小时。正常人血小板、αGPVI预处理的血小板清洗三次后分别与SFTSV(1×106TCID50/mL)、Gc(5μg/mL)在37℃下共培养0.5小时,之后收集各实验组的血小板。众所周知,信号通路中关键激酶磷酸化水平决定该激酶活化与否,是确定该通路激活与否的标志。采用激酶磷酸化量检测试剂盒和Western Blot法检测各实验组血小板中GPVI信号通路关键激酶Syk,STAT3和PLCγ2的磷酸化水平。在含有1%蛋白酶和磷酸酶抑制剂的标准RIPA缓冲液中制备血小板裂解物,血小板总蛋白通过BCA蛋白测定试剂盒(Beyotime)进行定量。血小板总蛋白在100℃变性10分钟后,用8%SDS-PAGE分离上清液,并转移到0.45μmPVDF膜上(美国Millipore)。在膜上分别添加激酶Syk,STAT3和PLCγ2各自的抗体进行孵育,然后添加携带荧光标志物的二抗进行孵育,最后使用化学发光成像系统(中国TanonScience)进行扫描。
实验结果如图3所示,SFTSV可以通过GPVI受体与血小板结合并激活GPVI下游的Syk-STAT3-PLCγ2信号通路,而αGPVI减弱了由SFTSV导致的GPVI信号传导蛋白STAT3、Syk和PLCγ2磷酸化水平。实验结果证实,GPVI是介导SFTSV黏附血小板的关键受体,GPVI抑制剂能抑制血小板内GPVI下游信号通路的激活。
实施例四GPVI抑制剂影响SFTSV及其包膜蛋白诱导的血小板活化功能
按照实施例1步骤,富血小板血浆(1×108血小板/mL)分别和抗GPVI抗体(αGPVI,5μg/mL)、血浆对照孵育0.5小时。正常人血小板、αGPVI预处理的血小板清洗三次后分别与SFTSV(1×106TCID50/mL)、Gn(5μg/mL)、Gc(5μg/mL)、Gc+Gn(5μg/mL)在37℃下共培养0.5小时,之后收集各实验组的血小板。将血小板表面P-选择素(血小板活化标志物)染色,使用流式细胞术分析血小板表面P-选择素表达情况,从而确定血小板活化程度。
实验结果如图4所示,SFTSV及其包膜蛋白能显著激活正常人血小板;而SFTSV或其包膜蛋白诱导αGPVI处理后的血小板,活化程度显著下调。实验结果证实,GPVI抑制剂能抑制由SFTSV和其包膜蛋白诱导所致的血小板活化。
实施例五GPVI抑制剂影响SFTSV包膜蛋白Gc诱导的血小板聚集功能
按照实施例1步骤,富血小板血浆(1×108血小板/mL)分别和抗GPVI抗体(αGPVI,5μg/mL)、GPVI信号通路干扰剂(ibrutinib,0.2μM)、血浆对照孵育0.5小时。正常人血小板、αGPVI预处理的血小板、ibrutinib预处理的血小板清洗三次后分别与Gc(5μg/mL)、对照血浆在37℃下共培养0.5小时。之后,在各组富血小板血浆中分别加入胶原(0.2μg/mL)和凝血酶(0.02U/mL)使血小板迅速聚集,血浆浊度发生改变。使用血小板聚集仪把这种浊度变化转换为电信号并记录,形成血小板聚集曲线,并根据血小板聚集曲线确定各实验组血小板聚集的程度和速率。
实验结果如图5所示,SFTSV包膜蛋白Gc能使正常人血小板发生聚集,而αGPVI或ibrutinib处理后的血小板在Gc诱导后聚集程度显著下调。实验结果证实,GPVI抑制剂对由SFTSV包膜蛋白Gc诱导所致的血小板聚集有强烈抑制作用。
实施例六GPVI抑制剂影响SFTSV在血小板内的复制
按照实施例1步骤,富血小板血浆(1×108血小板/mL)分别和抗GPVI抗体(αGPVI,5μg/mL)、血浆对照孵育0.5小时。血小板清洗三次后,SFTSV(1×106TCID50/mL)分别与正常人血小板、αGPVI预处理的血小板在37℃下共培养4天,之后提取各实验组的上清液。待检测的上清液用RNeasy Mini Kit(Qiagen)裂解,经氯仿抽提和异丙醇沉淀,提取上清液中SFTSV核酸,接着使用one-step real-time qRT-PCR Kit(TaKaRa)试剂盒配制实时定量PCR反应体系,并在ABI7500 Fast Real-Time PCR(Applied Biosystems)系统进行实时定量PCR扩增反应,对各实验组上清液中病毒核酸载量情况进行定量。
实验结果如图6所示,经过4天培养后,正常人血小板组培养液中病毒载量显著增加,而αGPVI预处理过的血小板中观察到的病毒复制可以忽略不计。实验结果证实,GPVI抑制剂能阻碍SFTSV在血小板内的复制。
以上的实施例是为了说明本发明公开的实施方案,并不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,本文所列出的各种修改以及发明中方法、组合物的变化,在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的前提下对本领域内的技术人员来说是显而易见的。虽然已结合本发明的多种具体优选实施例对本发明进行了具体的描述,但应当理解,本发明不应仅限于这些具体实施例。事实上,各种如上所述的对本领域内的技术人员来说显而易见的修改来获取发明都应包括在本发明的范围内。
Claims (10)
1.GPVI抑制剂在制备发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述GPVI抑制剂为以下任一:特异性抑制GPVI的小分子化合物;特异性干扰GPVI信号通路的干扰分子;或特异性与GPVI结合的抗体或配体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述GPVI抑制剂为αGPVI或者ibrutinib。
4.一种用于发热伴血小板减少综合征的治疗药物,其特征在于,所述药物含有治疗有效量的GPVI抑制剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的药物,其特征在于,所述GPVI抑制剂为以下任一:特异性抑制GPVI的小分子化合物;特异性与GPVI结合的抗体或配体;或特异性干扰GPVI信号通路的干扰分子。
6.根据权利要求4所述的药物,其特征在于,所述GPVI抑制剂为αGPVI或者ibrutinib。
7.根据权利要求4所述的药物,其特征在于,所述药物中还含有人体可以接受的载体。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述载体包括:盐水、缓冲液、葡萄糖、水、甘油、乙醇、粉剂、或其组合。
9.根据权利要求4所述的药物,其特征在于,所述GPVI抑制剂为所述发热伴血小板减少综合征治疗药物的唯一有效成分或有效成分之一。
10.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物中含有如权利要求5-9中任一项所述药物。
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WO2016116777A1 (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-07-28 | Acerta Pharma B.V. | Compositions and methods for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic leukemia using a btk inhibitor |
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WO2016116777A1 (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-07-28 | Acerta Pharma B.V. | Compositions and methods for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic leukemia using a btk inhibitor |
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