CN116351858A - Combined control method for contaminated site soil and underground water - Google Patents
Combined control method for contaminated site soil and underground water Download PDFInfo
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- CN116351858A CN116351858A CN202310385286.9A CN202310385286A CN116351858A CN 116351858 A CN116351858 A CN 116351858A CN 202310385286 A CN202310385286 A CN 202310385286A CN 116351858 A CN116351858 A CN 116351858A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/002—Reclamation of contaminated soil involving in-situ ground water treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/005—Extraction of vapours or gases using vacuum or venting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and discloses a combined control method for soil and groundwater in a polluted site, which solves the technical problem that the problem of groundwater pollution in a polluted area cannot be fundamentally solved at present, and 1) a water pumping well is built at the downstream of the groundwater in the polluted area, underground polluted wastewater is pumped out to a sewage treatment plant, and the water pumping quantity is measured; 2) A plurality of negative pressure wells are built on the surface of the polluted area, and a suction pump is used for enabling the negative pressure wells to form negative pressure; 3) And (3) irrigating the whole soil area of the polluted area by using a new water and biological surfactant slurry mixed solution with the water quantity equal to the water pumping quantity, and rapidly penetrating the mixed solution into the polluted soil under the action of negative pressure to repair the soil of the polluted site. According to the technical scheme, sewage is extracted from the downstream of the underground water by utilizing the water extraction well, and the mixed liquid of the fresh water and the biological surfactant slurry is utilized for irrigation, so that the amount of the underground water is reduced, and the soil of the polluted site is restored in a combined way, so that the aim of combined control is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, in particular to a method for controlling and preventing soil and groundwater in a polluted site in a combined way.
Background
Soil is an important index of the natural ecosystem and is also a precondition for human and other organisms to survive and develop. Volatile and semi-volatile organic contaminants have been found to be the most prevalent and prominent type of contaminants in industrial field soils. Especially sudden soil pollution accidents, such as: oil storage tank leakage, oil pipeline breakage, workshop machine equipment oil leakage, transportation gasoline and diesel oil spilling accidents and the like can cause serious pollution to soil, underground water and the like, so that harm is further brought to human health of people living and working nearby a pollution site.
Compared with the existing extraction method and PRB method, the method adopts the repairing mode of an injection well, has high efficiency and low cost, and is more suitable for repairing the places above the polluted area where excavation, extraction and injection operations cannot be performed. CN103447291B discloses a method for enhanced vapor extraction and remediation of chlorobenzene-contaminated soil, which comprises adopting a plurality of heating extractors, condensing units, gas-liquid separators, vacuum pumps and the like which are arranged in a regular triangle or square, and has obvious remediation effect on chlorobenzene-contaminated soil in a short time, high pollutant removal rate, but the effect is easily affected by soil characteristics and the like (for example, high soil viscosity and poor heat transfer effect). CN102513347a discloses a method for treating contaminated soil by in-situ heat strengthening combined soil vapor extraction technology, which comprises forming a heating well of a certain form in a contaminated area, disposing a heater component in the heating well, installing a sleeve, and filling a catalyst in the sleeve to accelerate the pyrolysis of the contaminants into simple small molecular substances; the method has better treatment effect on pollutants, but the extraction device has high manufacturing cost and is difficult to popularize.
However, in the above-described methods of extraction and restoration of injection wells, although water quality is biologically restored, the groundwater which has been contaminated is always in the groundwater layer, so that the problem of groundwater pollution in the contaminated area cannot be fundamentally solved, groundwater cannot be radically treated, and contaminated soil is not subjected to joint restoration treatment, so that there is a general improvement in the treatment and restoration effects.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem that the problem of underground water pollution in a polluted area cannot be fundamentally solved, the invention utilizes the water extraction well to extract sewage from the downstream of underground water, utilizes the mixed liquid of fresh water and biological surfactant slurry to irrigate, reduces the amount of underground water and jointly repairs the soil of the polluted site, so as to achieve the aim of joint control.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a combined control and prevention method for contaminated site soil and groundwater comprises the following steps:
1) A water extraction well is built at the downstream of the underground water in the polluted area, the underground polluted wastewater is pumped out to a sewage treatment plant, and the water extraction quantity is measured, wherein the pollutants in the polluted area contain volatile and/or semi-volatile organic matters;
2) A plurality of negative pressure wells are built on the surface of the polluted area, and a suction pump is used for enabling the negative pressure wells to form negative pressure;
3) And (3) irrigating the whole soil area of the polluted area by using a new water and biological surfactant slurry mixed solution with the water quantity equal to the water pumping quantity, and rapidly penetrating the mixed solution into the polluted soil under the action of negative pressure to repair the soil of the polluted site.
Through the technical scheme, the invention provides a feasibility method for combined control and prevention of soil and groundwater in a polluted area. The underground water in the polluted site can be drained by constructing the water extraction well, so that the underground water in the area outside the polluted site is supplemented to the position, and the underground sewage in the polluted site is radically treated. The sewage remained in the soil of the polluted site adopts a mixed liquid irrigation mode of fresh water and biological surfactant slurry, on one hand, the mixed liquid can wash down the sewage in the soil of the polluted site (the infiltration force of downward infiltration is enhanced by utilizing a negative pressure well), on the other hand, the mixed liquid can repair the sewage in the soil of the polluted site in the process of infiltration into the ground, and the amount of groundwater extraction is supplemented by utilizing the fresh water (mixed liquid), so that other geological disasters such as collapse caused by illegal groundwater extraction are prevented.
The invention is further provided with: the pollutant is one or more than two of diesel oil, benzene, toluene, gasoline, ethyl carbamate, di-n-octyl phthalate or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
The invention is further provided with: the biosurfactant is at least one of glycolipid, lipopeptide, lipoprotein, fatty acid, phospholipid and neutral lipid.
The invention is further provided with: the mixing proportion of the fresh water and the mixed solution of the biological surfactant slurry irrigation is (100-10000:1).
The invention is further provided with: the amount of the biosurfactant added is 0.1-1g relative to 100g of pollutant.
The invention is further provided with: in the biosurfactant slurry, the content of the biosurfactant is 0.1-20%.
The invention is further provided with: the diameter of the water extraction well is 20-80cm.
The invention is further provided with: the diameter of the negative pressure wells is 30-100cm, and the number of the negative pressure wells is more than four.
The invention is further provided with: the negative pressure well adopts a sealing air suction mode.
The invention is further provided with: the mixed liquor irrigation of the fresh water and the biosurfactant slurry employs an irrigation machine equipped with a tank for mixing the fresh water and the biosurfactant slurry.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a feasibility method for controlling soil and groundwater in a polluted area in a combined mode. The underground water in the polluted site can be drained by constructing the water extraction well, so that the underground water in the area outside the polluted site is supplemented to the position, and the underground sewage in the polluted site is radically treated. The sewage remained in the soil of the polluted site adopts a mixed liquid irrigation mode of fresh water and biological surfactant slurry, on one hand, the mixed liquid can wash down the sewage in the soil of the polluted site (the infiltration force of downward infiltration is enhanced by utilizing a negative pressure well), on the other hand, the mixed liquid can repair the sewage in the soil of the polluted site in the process of infiltration into the ground, and the amount of groundwater extraction is supplemented by utilizing the fresh water (mixed liquid), so that other geological disasters such as collapse caused by illegal groundwater extraction are prevented.
Compared with the existing method, the method can solve the pollution problem of the underground water while combining the polluted soil and the polluted underground water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for controlling soil and groundwater in a contaminated site in a combined manner;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the steps of the method for controlling soil and groundwater in a polluted site.
Detailed Description
The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The invention provides a combined control prevention and treatment method for contaminated site soil and underground water, which is shown in combination with fig. 1 and 2, and comprises the following steps:
1) A water extraction well is built at the downstream of the underground water in the polluted area, the underground polluted wastewater is pumped out to a sewage treatment plant, and the water extraction quantity is measured, wherein the pollutants in the polluted area contain volatile and/or semi-volatile organic matters;
2) A plurality of negative pressure wells are built on the surface of the polluted area, and a suction pump is used for enabling the negative pressure wells to form negative pressure;
3) And (3) irrigating the whole soil area of the polluted area by using a new water and biological surfactant slurry mixed solution with the water quantity equal to the water pumping quantity, and rapidly penetrating the mixed solution into the polluted soil under the action of negative pressure to repair the soil of the polluted site.
Before the invention builds the water extraction well and the negative pressure well, the invention needs to adopt the method well known in the field to determine the position and the pollution area of the pollution area, detect the content and the kind of the pollutant in the pollution area, determine the positions of the water extraction well and the negative pressure well according to the investigation and laboratory experiment results, and estimate the dosage of the biosurfactant. In the present invention, the content and type of the pollutant in the polluted area can be determined according to the methods specified in HJ/T166 (soil environment monitoring technical specification) and HJ/T164 (groundwater environment monitoring technical specification).
In the present invention, a water extraction well is built under the ground water at the contaminated site for extracting the contaminated ground water with the aid of a water pump. When a water extraction well is built, the depth of the well should be dug to be below the groundwater level. The concrete construction method and specification of the extraction well are not particularly limited, and can be selected with reference to the prior art. According to one embodiment, the diameter of the extraction well is 20-80cm.
In the present invention, the contaminants in the contaminated site comprise volatile and/or semi-volatile organic compounds. Specific examples of contaminants include, but are not limited to, one or more of diesel, benzene, toluene, gasoline, urethane, di-n-octyl phthalate, or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Preferably, the biosurfactant is at least one selected from glycolipids, lipopeptides, lipoproteins, fatty acids, phospholipids, and neutral lipids.
In the present invention, the solvent in the surfactant paste is typically water. Wherein the content of the biosurfactant may be 0.1-20 wt%.
The method for adding the biosurfactant adopts a mixed liquid irrigation mode of mixing the biosurfactant with new water, and the mixed liquid of the new water and the biosurfactant slurry adopts an irrigation machine. A typical irrigation machine is equipped with a tank that mixes fresh water and a biosurfactant slurry. It should be understood that the mixed solution of the biosurfactant and the fresh water is suitable for irrigation in an intermittent and repeated mode, and various indexes of pollutants in soil and underground water need to be monitored periodically and the supplementing amount of the biosurfactant is calculated according to actual conditions. And when the indexes of the groundwater pumped by the water extraction well and the soil under the polluted area meet the relevant standards within a certain period of time, the polluted area is considered to be completely repaired. Such as: the relevant indexes of the detection results all meet the standard in 3 continuous days. According to one embodiment, the biosurfactant is added in an amount of 0.1-1g relative to 100g of contaminant.
In the invention, the number of the negative pressure wells is more than four, the negative pressure wells are uniformly built on the polluted site and are used for forming a plurality of uniformly distributed negative pressure wells under the assistance of the air extracting pump, so that the soil air permeability and the soil water permeability of the polluted site among the negative pressure wells are improved. When the negative pressure well is built, the depth of the well should be dug to be above the water level line of the underground water, so that the pumping of the air pump to the underground water is avoided. The specific construction method and specification of the negative pressure well are not particularly limited, and can be selected with reference to the prior art. According to one embodiment, the diameter of the negative pressure well is 30-100cm, and the negative pressure well adopts a sealing air suction mode.
According to one embodiment, the method of the present invention for remediation of soil and groundwater is such that a mechanical device processes long subsurface soil and groundwater to produce a contaminated area:
1) And (3) constructing a water extraction well at the downstream of the groundwater in the polluted area.
The water extraction well is built under the underground water of the polluted site, the depth of the well is dug to be below the water level line of the underground water, and the diameter of the water extraction well is 40cm. The underground polluted wastewater is pumped by the water extraction well matched with a high-pressure water pump and is transferred to a sewage treatment plant, and the water extraction quantity is measured in the transfer process.
2) 4 negative pressure wells are built on the surface of the polluted area.
The negative pressure well is covered on the pollution area uniformly, the depth of the negative pressure well is dug to be above the groundwater level line, water absorption is prevented, and the diameter of the negative pressure well is 50cm.
3) The negative pressure well is internally provided with negative pressure by the air pump, so that the soil air permeability and the soil water permeability of the polluted site can be improved to a certain extent.
4) The mixed solution of the new water and the biosurfactant is irrigated on the surface of the polluted area in an irrigation adding mode and an intermittent and repeated mode, and under the action of the negative pressure well, the mixed solution of the new water and the biosurfactant can accelerate to permeate into polluted soil.
5) Every index of pollutants in soil and underground water is required to be monitored regularly, and the supplement amount of the biosurfactant is calculated according to actual conditions. And when the indexes of the groundwater pumped by the water extraction well and the soil under the polluted area meet the relevant standards within a certain period of time, the polluted area is considered to be completely repaired.
Example 1
And (3) building a water extraction well at the downstream of the underground water of the polluted area, wherein the diameter of the water extraction well is 20cm, and building 4 negative pressure wells at the polluted area, and the diameter of the negative pressure wells is 30cm. The underground water in the polluted area is pumped out from the water extraction well by using the heading machine, the water suction pump and the water pipe, the water suction quantity is measured, and after the estimated water quantity is completely pumped out, the suction pump is started to pump air from the negative pressure wells in the polluted area respectively from the 4 negative pressure wells, so that negative pressure is formed inside the negative pressure wells, and the air permeability and the water permeability of soil between the negative pressure wells are enhanced.
When the groundwater is completely extracted and the water quantity is estimated, the mixed solution with the concentration of 12% after the new water and the phospholipid (mainly used for treating petroleum hydrocarbon (C10-C40)) are mixed from the surface of the polluted area is irrigated on the surface of the polluted area in an irrigation adding mode and in an intermittent and repeated mode, and under the action of a negative pressure well, the mixed solution after the new water and the phospholipid can accelerate to permeate into the polluted soil.
After the treatment by this example. The indexes of soil and groundwater are in accordance with the screening values and limit values specified in GB36600-2018 and GB/T14848-2017.
Example 2
A water extraction well is built at the downstream of the groundwater in the polluted area, the diameter of the water extraction well is 40cm, and 6 negative pressure wells are built at the polluted area, and the diameter of the negative pressure wells is 80cm. The underground water in the polluted area is pumped out from the water extraction well by using the heading machine, the water suction pump and the water pipe, the water suction quantity is measured, and after the estimated water quantity is completely pumped out, the suction pump is started to pump air from the 6 negative pressure wells to the negative pressure wells in the polluted area, so that negative pressure is formed inside the negative pressure wells, and the air permeability and the water permeability of soil between the negative pressure wells are enhanced.
When the groundwater is completely extracted and the water quantity is estimated, the mixed solution with the concentration of 12% after the new water and the phospholipid (mainly used for treating petroleum hydrocarbon (C10-C40)) are mixed from the surface of the polluted area is irrigated on the surface of the polluted area in an irrigation adding mode and in an intermittent and repeated mode, and under the action of a negative pressure well, the mixed solution after the new water and the phospholipid can accelerate to permeate into the polluted soil.
After the treatment by this example. The indexes of soil and groundwater are in accordance with the screening values and limit values specified in GB36600-2018 and GB/T14848-2017.
Example 3
A water extraction well is built at the downstream of the groundwater in the polluted area, the diameter of the water extraction well is 80cm, and 10 negative pressure wells are built at the polluted area, and the diameter of the negative pressure wells is 100cm. The underground water in the polluted area is pumped out from the water extraction well by using the heading machine, the water suction pump and the water pipe, the water suction quantity is measured, and after the estimated water quantity is completely pumped out, the suction pump is started to pump air from the negative pressure wells in the polluted area respectively from 10 negative pressure wells, so that negative pressure is formed inside the negative pressure wells, and the air permeability and the water permeability of soil between the negative pressure wells are enhanced.
When the groundwater is completely extracted and the water quantity is estimated, the mixed solution with the concentration of 12% after the new water and the phospholipid (mainly used for treating petroleum hydrocarbon (C10-C40)) are mixed from the surface of the polluted area is irrigated on the surface of the polluted area in an irrigation adding mode and in an intermittent and repeated mode, and under the action of a negative pressure well, the mixed solution after the new water and the phospholipid can accelerate to permeate into the polluted soil.
After the treatment by this example. The indexes of soil and groundwater are in accordance with the screening values and limit values specified in GB36600-2018 and GB/T14848-2017.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The combined control and prevention method for the soil and the underground water of the polluted site is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) A water extraction well is built at the downstream of the underground water in the polluted area, the underground polluted wastewater is pumped out to a sewage treatment plant, and the water extraction quantity is measured, wherein the pollutants in the polluted area contain volatile and/or semi-volatile organic matters;
2) A plurality of negative pressure wells are built on the surface of the polluted area, and a suction pump is used for enabling the negative pressure wells to form negative pressure;
3) And (3) irrigating the whole soil area of the polluted area by using a new water and biological surfactant slurry mixed solution with the water quantity equal to the water pumping quantity, and rapidly penetrating the mixed solution into the polluted soil under the action of negative pressure to repair the soil of the polluted site.
2. The method for combined control and prevention of contaminated site soil and groundwater according to claim 1, wherein: the pollutant is one or more than two of diesel oil, benzene, toluene, gasoline, ethyl carbamate, di-n-octyl phthalate or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
3. The method for combined control and prevention of contaminated site soil and groundwater according to claim 1, wherein: the biosurfactant is at least one of glycolipid, lipopeptide, lipoprotein, fatty acid, phospholipid and neutral lipid.
4. The method for combined control and prevention of contaminated site soil and groundwater according to claim 1, wherein: the mixing proportion of the fresh water and the mixed solution of the biological surfactant slurry irrigation is (100-10000:1).
5. The method for combined control and prevention of contaminated site soil and groundwater according to claim 1, wherein: the amount of the biosurfactant added is 0.1-1g relative to 100g of pollutant.
6. The method for combined control and prevention of contaminated site soil and groundwater according to claim 1, wherein: in the biosurfactant slurry, the content of the biosurfactant is 0.1-20%.
7. The method for combined control and prevention of contaminated site soil and groundwater according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the water extraction well is 20-80cm.
8. The method for combined control and prevention of contaminated site soil and groundwater according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the negative pressure wells is 30-100cm, and the number of the negative pressure wells is more than four.
9. The method for combined control and prevention of contaminated site soil and groundwater according to claim 1, wherein: the negative pressure well adopts a sealing air suction mode.
10. The method for combined control and prevention of contaminated site soil and groundwater according to claim 1, wherein: the irrigation of the fresh water and biosurfactant slurry mixture employs an irrigation machine equipped with a tank that mixes the fresh water and biosurfactant slurry.
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