CN116338942A - Optical device construction method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides an optical device construction method, which comprises the following steps: the receiving surface is equally divided into N rings from the center point to the outside to obtain the radius r of the ith ring in the receiving surface i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Will be theta i The luminous flux of the incident light ray in the angle is mapped to the luminous flux of the emergent light ray in the front i ring of the receiving surface and is based on r i Obtaining theta by illuminance A of the center point of the receiving surface, illuminance B and N of the edge of the receiving surface i Is a distribution of (3); the refractive point corresponding to the emergent ray of the ith ring is P i Point based on r i 、θ i H and H, obtain P i Coordinates of the points; and fitting the coordinates of each refraction point to obtain a generating line of the light-emitting curved surface, and rotating 360 degrees around the y axis to obtain the structure of the optical device. According to the optical device construction method, under the condition that the optical device can meet the requirement of ensuring the degree of illumination, most of total luminous flux reaches a receiving surface to be effective luminous flux, so that the light energy utilization rate is improved, energy sources are saved, and the problems of stray light and glare are effectively solved; the method is simple and effective.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of illumination, in particular to an optical device construction method.
Background
Currently, the conventional technology realizes AA-level illuminance, either in a backlight type or a direct type, by using a diffusion plate or a diffusion film (cover) which approximates lambertian scattering characteristics. The irradiation range of the traditional lighting equipment is too wide, both the places requiring light and the places not requiring light are illuminated, and the light energy utilization rate is low, namely about 30%; and the requirements on the light source are higher, and the light source with higher power and higher luminous flux is required.
Disclosure of Invention
An embodiment of the application aims to provide an optical device construction method for solving the problem of low light energy utilization rate of traditional lighting equipment.
The embodiment of the application provides an optical device construction method, wherein the optical device is applied to a point light source, and the method comprises the following steps:
setting a refraction scene, wherein the refraction scene comprises a point light source, a light-emitting curved surface and a illuminated surface, an emergent ray which irradiates the illuminated surface is formed after the incident ray of the point light source is refracted through the light-emitting curved surface, the illuminated surface forms a round receiving surface for receiving the emergent ray, and the connecting line of the point light source and the central point of the receiving surface is perpendicular to the receiving surface;
setting the radius of the receiving surface as R, the distance from the point light source to the receiving surface as H, the illuminance of the central point of the receiving surface as A, and the illuminance of the edge of the receiving surface as B;
establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking the point light source as a coordinate origin, wherein a y-axis of the plane rectangular coordinate system is perpendicular to the receiving surface and passes through a center point of the receiving surface;
the receiving surface is equally divided into N rings from the center point to the outside to obtain the radius r of the ith ring in the receiving surface i ；
The included angle theta between the incident light corresponding to the ith ring and the central incident light i The luminous flux of the incident light rays in the angle is mapped to the luminous flux of the emergent light rays in the front i ring of the receiving surface and is based on r i A, B and N, obtain θ i Is a distribution of (3);
listing the refractive point P corresponding to the emergent ray passing through the ith ring i Setting a refractive point P corresponding to the light of the point light source on a y axis according to a tangential line equation, an incident light equation and an emergent light equation of the point 0 The distance from the point light source is h, based on r i 、θ i H and H, obtain P i Coordinates of the points;
and fitting the coordinates of each refraction point to obtain a generating line of the light-emitting curved surface, and rotating 360 degrees around a y axis to obtain the structure of the optical device.
According to the optical device construction method, the refraction scene is combined with the plane rectangular coordinate system by constructing the refraction scene of the point light source, the emergent light rays passing through the emergent curved surface are emitted into the receiving surface by setting, and the AA-level illumination requirement is met based on the central illumination A and the edge illumination B of the receiving surface, namely, A is greater than or equal to 500lux, B is greater than or equal to 300lux, R is 500mm, and A/B is<3, a step of; simultaneously dividing the receiving area into N rings equally, and determining the included angle theta between the incident light of each ring and the central incident light based on the AA-level illumination requirement i And the refractive point P of the boundary line of each ring i Coordinates of (c); the optical device constructed in this way can meet the condition of ensuring the illumination, namely, the condition of meeting the effective luminous flux, so that most of the total luminous flux reaches the receiving surface to become the effective luminous flux, thereby improving the utilization rate of light energy, adopting a point light source with lower power, saving energy, avoiding the waste of energy and effectively solving the problems of stray light and glare; the construction method is simple and effective.
In one embodiment, the radius r of the ith ring in the receiving plane is obtained i The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the area of each ring, determining r by adding the sum of the areas of the previous i rings and the area of each ring to be equal to the sum of the areas of the previous (i+1) rings i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the sum of the areas of the front (i+1) rings is
pi*r i+1 ^2＝pi*r i 2+pi R2/N (1), r is determined by formula (1) i 。
In one embodiment, the angle θ between the incident light corresponding to the ith ring and the central incident light i The luminous flux of the incident light rays in the angle is mapped to the luminous flux of the emergent light rays in the front i ring of the receiving surface and is based on r i A, B and N, obtain θ i The step of distribution of (1) comprises:
based on r i A, B and N, obtaining a ratio of luminous flux of the outgoing light rays of the i ring in front of the receiving surface to total luminous flux of the outgoing light rays of the receiving surface as a first ratio;
acquiring θ i In the cornersThe ratio of the luminous flux of the incident light to the total luminous flux of the incident light is a second ratio;
making the first ratio equal to the second ratio to obtain θ i Is a distribution of (a).
In one embodiment, the r-based i The steps of obtaining the ratio of the luminous flux of the emergent light rays of the i ring of the receiving surface to the total luminous flux of the emergent light rays of the receiving surface to be a first ratio, A, B and N, comprise the following steps:
based on the uniform decrease of the illuminance on the receiving surface from the center point of the receiving surface to the outside, the method obtains
First ratio = (a+a- (a-B) ×i/N)/2×pi×r i ^2/(A+B)/2*Pi*R^2 (2)。
In one embodiment, N is greater than or equal to 50.
In one embodiment, the acquiring θ i The step of the ratio of the luminous flux of the incident light rays within the angle to the total luminous flux of the incident light rays being a second ratio comprises:
based on the light flux distribution of the lambertian light source, the method obtains
Second ratio=pi×i×sin (θ i ) 2/pi I sin (90 x 3.14/180) 2 (3), wherein I is the central light intensity of the point light source.
In one embodiment, the refractive points P corresponding to the outgoing rays passing through the ith ring are listed i The steps of tangent equation, incident ray equation and emergent ray equation of the point include:
at incident ray I i+1 Direction taking point P i+1 Its coordinates are denoted as (x) i+1 ,y i+1 ) Then there is P i The tangent equation of the point is N (x i )*x i +N(y i )*y i +c=0 (4), where C is a constant value, (N (x i ),N(y i ) Is P) i A unit normal vector of a tangent to the point;
the tangent line passing through P i+1 Dots, get N (x) i )*x i+1 +N(y i )*y i+1 +C＝0 (5)。
In one embodiment, the list of outgoing light passing through the ith ringRefractive point P corresponding to line i The steps of tangent equation, incident ray equation and outgoing ray equation for the point further comprise:
P i+1 at incident ray I i+1 Passes through the origin of coordinates, so there is
y i+1 ＝x i+1 *I(y i+1 )/I(x i+1 )＝x i+1 *sin(θ i+1 )/cos(θ i+1 ) (6), wherein (I (x) i+1 ),I(y i+1 ) Is P) i+1 Unit vector of tangent line of point.
In one embodiment, the refractive points P corresponding to the outgoing rays passing through the ith ring are listed i The steps of tangent equation, incident ray equation and outgoing ray equation for the point further comprise:
incident ray I i+1 The coordinate point of the outgoing light rays emitted to the receiving surface is M i+1 ＝(r i+1 H), wherein H is the distance from the illuminated target surface to the light source, and the unit vector of the emergent ray is obtained
O(x i+1 )＝(r i+1 -x i+1 ) A module (7) of the emission vector,
O(y i+1 )＝(H-y i+1 ) A module (8) of the output vector, wherein (O (x i+1 ),O(y i+1 ) For the corresponding incident ray I i+1 Coordinates of the outgoing ray unit vector of the ray.
In one embodiment, the r-based i 、θ i H and H, obtain P i The step of coordinates of the point includes:
pass through P i The incident light, the emergent light and the tangent of the point have the following relations at the refraction interface:
wherein n is the refractive index of the light-transmitting medium on one side of the light-emitting curved surface facing the point light source,
is the unit vector of the incident ray, +.>
Is the unit vector of emergent ray, +.>
Is the unit normal vector of the tangent line;
the combined type (4), (5), (6), (7), (8) and (9) obtain P i Coordinates of the points.
In one embodiment, after the step of fitting the coordinates of each refractive point to obtain the generatrix of the light-emitting curved surface and rotating 360 degrees around the y axis to obtain the structure of the optical device, the method further includes:
and (3) putting the formed 3D diagram of the optical device into optical design software to perform optical effect simulation.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the description which follows, or in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the techniques of the disclosure.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an optical device constructing method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a refraction scenario of an optical device construction method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element or component to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "configured," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; may be a mechanical connection, or a point connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish between different devices, elements, or components (the particular species and configurations may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and number of devices, elements, or components indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In one embodiment, an optical device construction method, the optical device being applied to a point light source, the method comprising: setting a refraction scene, wherein the refraction scene comprises a point light source, a light-emitting curved surface and a illuminated surface, an emergent ray which irradiates the illuminated surface is formed after the incident ray of the point light source is refracted through the light-emitting curved surface, the illuminated surface forms a round receiving surface for receiving the emergent ray, and the connecting line of the point light source and the central point of the receiving surface is perpendicular to the receiving surface; setting the radius of the receiving surface as R, the distance from the point light source to the receiving surface as H, the illuminance of the central point of the receiving surface as A, and the illuminance of the edge of the receiving surface as B; establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking the point light source as a coordinate origin, wherein a y-axis of the plane rectangular coordinate system is perpendicular to the receiving surface and passes through a center point of the receiving surface; the receiving surface is equally divided into N rings from the center point to the outside to obtain the radius r of the ith ring in the receiving surface i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The included angle theta between the incident light corresponding to the ith ring and the central incident light i The luminous flux of the incident light rays in the angle is mapped to the luminous flux of the emergent light rays in the front i ring of the receiving surface and is based on r i A, B and N, obtain θ i Is a distribution of (3); listing the refractive point P corresponding to the emergent ray passing through the ith ring i Setting a refractive point P corresponding to the light of the point light source on a y axis according to a tangential line equation, an incident light equation and an emergent light equation of the point 0 The distance from the point light source is h, based on r i 、θ i H and H, obtain P i Coordinates of the points; and fitting the coordinates of each refraction point to obtain a generating line of the light-emitting curved surface, and rotating 360 degrees around a y axis to obtain the structure of the optical device.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical device construction method, such as a lens, where the optical device is applied to a point light source, the method including:
In this embodiment, a side of the light-emitting curved surface facing the point light source is a light-transmitting medium, a side of the light-emitting curved surface facing the illuminated surface is air, incident light rays emitted by the point light source propagate in the light-transmitting medium, and after refraction occurs at the light-emitting curved surface, emergent light rays are formed, and the emergent light rays propagate in the air to reach the receiving surface of the illuminated surface.
Step 200, setting the radius of the receiving surface as R, the distance from the point light source to the receiving surface as H, the illuminance of the center point of the receiving surface as a, and the illuminance of the edge of the receiving surface as B.
Based on the AA-level illuminance requirement, the central illuminance A and the edge illuminance B meet the AA-level illuminance requirement, namely A is greater than or equal to 500lux, B is greater than or equal to 300lux, R is 500mm, and A/B is less than 3; wherein H is 400mm; the illuminated surface illuminated by the simulated illumination lamp meets the AA-level illumination requirement.
And 300, establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking the point light source as a coordinate origin, wherein the y-axis of the plane rectangular coordinate system is perpendicular to the receiving surface and passes through the center point of the receiving surface. And combining the refraction scene with the plane rectangular coordinate system, and coupling the refraction scene with the plane rectangular coordinate system.
By equally dividing the receiving surface into N, it is convenient to obtain θ i Is fit to P i The curve where the point is located.
Therein, in whichIn one embodiment, the radius r of the ith ring in the receiving plane is obtained i The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the area of each ring, determining r by adding the sum of the areas of the previous i rings and the area of each ring to be equal to the sum of the areas of the previous (i+1) rings i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the sum of the areas of the front (i+1) rings is
pi*r i+1 ^2＝pi*r i 2+pi R2/N (1), r is determined by formula (1) i . Wherein the total area is pi R2 and the area of each ring is pi R2/N. From formula (1) r can be obtained i+1 ＝sqrt(r i 2+R2/N) (1-1), r can be recursively deduced by the formula (1-1) i 。
In the present embodiment, θ i For each ring, the angle between the incident light and the central incident light, i.e. the angle between the incident light of the ith ring and the y-axis of the rectangular plane coordinate system is theta i 。
In one embodiment, the angle θ between the incident light corresponding to the ith ring and the central incident light i The luminous flux of the incident light rays in the angle is mapped to the luminous flux of the emergent light rays in the front i ring of the receiving surface and is based on r i A, B and N, obtain θ i The step of distribution of (1) comprises: based on r i A, B and N, obtaining a ratio of luminous flux of the outgoing light rays of the i ring in front of the receiving surface to total luminous flux of the outgoing light rays of the receiving surface as a first ratio; acquiring θ i The ratio of the luminous flux of the incident light rays in the angle to the total luminous flux of the incident light rays is a second ratio; making the first ratio equal to the second ratio to obtain θ i By a first ratio being equal to a second ratio, θ i The luminous flux of the incident light ray in the angle is mapped to the luminous flux of the emergent light ray in the front i ring of the receiving surface, thereby obtaining theta i Is a distribution of (a).
Specifically, in one embodiment, the r-based i The steps of obtaining the ratio of the luminous flux of the emergent light rays of the i ring of the receiving surface to the total luminous flux of the emergent light rays of the receiving surface to be a first ratio, A, B and N, comprise the following steps: based on the uniform decrease of the illuminance on the receiving surface from the center point of the receiving surface to the outside, the method obtains
First ratio = (a+a- (a-B) ×i/N)/2×pi×r i 2/(A+B)/2 Pi R2 (2). Based on the fact that illuminance on the receiving surface is evenly decreased from the center point of the receiving surface to the outside, illuminance of each ring is A- (A-B) i/N, and according to luminous flux = illuminance area, luminous flux required by the illuminated surface is obtained by the fact that the luminous flux required by the illuminated surface is= (A+B)/2 Pi R2, namely the total luminous flux of emergent rays of the receiving surface; further, a first ratio of (A+A- (A-B) i/N)/2 Pi r is obtained i 2/(A+B)/2 Pi R2. Based on the fact that the illuminance on the receiving surface is uniformly decreased outwards from the center point of the receiving surface, the illuminance of the emergent light of the constructed optical device on the receiving surface is relatively uniform.
In one embodiment, N is greater than or equal to 50, so that N may be greater in value, the receiving surface divided into multiple portions, and the more accurate the calculated illuminance. In one embodiment, N is equal to 50. In one embodiment, N is equal to 100.
In one embodiment, the acquiring θ i The step of the ratio of the luminous flux of the incident light rays within the angle to the total luminous flux of the incident light rays being a second ratio comprises: based on the light flux distribution of the lambertian light source, the method obtains
Second ratio=pi×i×sin (θ i ) 2/pi I sin (90 x 3.14/180) 2 (3), wherein I is the central light intensity of the point light source. Wherein, lambertian light source luminous flux distribution pi is sin (θ) i ) 2. Thus can obtain theta i The ratio of the luminous flux of the incident light rays within the angle to the total luminous flux of the incident light rays is a second ratio.
Further, the combination of the formula (2) and the formula (3) yields
(A+A-(A-B)*i/N)/2*Pi*r i ^2/(A+B)/2*Pi*R^2＝pi*I*sin(θ i ) 2/pi I sin (90 x 3.14/180) 2, and then θ i Is a distribution of (a).
In one embodiment, step 500 is repeated.
In one embodiment, the refractive points P corresponding to the outgoing rays passing through the ith ring are listed i The steps of tangent equation, incident ray equation and emergent ray equation of the point include: at incident ray I i+1 Direction taking point P i+1 Its coordinates are denoted as (x) i+1 ,y i+1 ) Then there is P i The tangent equation of the point is N (x i )*x i +N(y i )*y i +c=0 (4), where C is a constant value, (N (x i ),N(y i ) Is P) i A unit normal vector of a tangent to the point; the tangent line passing through P i+1 Dots, get N (x) i )*x i+1 +N(y i )*y i+1 +c=0 (5), thus obtaining P i Tangential equation for a point. P is the same as i+1 The point is infinitely close to P i Point, thus P i+1 Point at pass P i Tangential to the point.
In one embodiment, the refractive points P corresponding to the outgoing rays passing through the ith ring are listed i The steps of tangent equation, incident ray equation and outgoing ray equation for the point further comprise: p (P) i+1 At incident ray I i+1 Passes through the origin of coordinates, so there is
y i+1 ＝x i+1 *I(y i+1 )/I(x i+1 )＝x i+1 *sin(θ i+1 )/cos(θ i+1 ) (6), wherein (I (x) i+1 ),I(y i+1 ) Is P) i+1 Unit vector of tangent line of point. Wherein the incident ray unit vector I i ＝(sin(θ i+1 ),cos(θ i+1 ) Wherein the incident ray corresponding to the ith ring of the receiving surface is I i Thus, from formula (6), y is derived i+1 ＝x i+1 *cos(θ i+1 )/sin(θ i+1 ) (6-1) thus obtaining P i The incident ray equation for a point.
In one embodiment, the refractive points P corresponding to the outgoing rays passing through the ith ring are listed i The steps of tangent equation, incident ray equation and outgoing ray equation for the point further comprise: incident ray I i+1 The coordinate point of the outgoing light rays emitted to the receiving surface is M i+1 ＝(r i+1 H), wherein H is the distance from the illuminated target surface to the light source, and the unit vector of the emergent ray is obtained
O(x i+1 )＝(r i+1 -x i+1 ) A module (7) of the emission vector,
O(y i+1 )＝(H-y i+1 ) A module (8) of the output vector, wherein (O (x i+1 ),O(y i+1 ) For the corresponding incident ray I i+1 Coordinates of the outgoing ray unit vector of the ray. Thus obtaining P i And (5) an emergent ray equation of the point. Wherein the emergent ray corresponding to the ith ring of the receiving surface is O i . Wherein the modulus of the emergent vector is sqrt ((r) i+1 -x i+1 )^2+(H-y i+1 )^2)。
In one embodiment, the r-based i 、θ i H and H, obtain P i The step of coordinates of the point includes: pass through P i The incident light, the emergent light and the tangent of the point have the following relations at the refraction interface:
wherein n is the refractive index of the light-transmitting medium on one side of the light-emitting curved surface facing the point light source,
is the unit vector of the incident ray, +.>
Is the unit vector of emergent ray, +.>
Is the unit normal vector of the tangent line; according to the Snell's law of refraction, the incident light ray, the emergent light ray and the normal have a relation as shown in formula (9) at the refraction interface;
the P is obtained by the combined type (4), (5), (6), (7) and (8) i Coordinates of the points. P is obtained by the combination of (4), (5), (6), (7), (8) and (9) i Coordinates of the points. Wherein r is known to be i Obtaining theta i . H and H are known, P 0 For (0, h), pass P 0 Tangential unit normal vector N of point 0 Then it is (0, 1) and passes through P 0 Unit vector O of outgoing ray of point 0 Is (0, 1); further iterate out the following P i Coordinates of the points.
In one embodiment, step 600 is repeated.
And 700, fitting the coordinates of each refraction point to obtain a generating line of the light-emitting curved surface, and rotating the generating line around the y axis for 360 degrees to obtain the structure of the optical device.
In one embodiment, the bus is rotated 360 degrees around the y-axis to obtain the light emergent curved surface of the optical device, which is used as the main structure of the optical device.
In one embodiment, after the step of fitting the coordinates of each refractive point to obtain the generatrix of the light-emitting curved surface and rotating 360 degrees around the y axis to obtain the structure of the optical device, the method further includes: and (3) putting the formed 3D diagram of the optical device into optical design software to perform optical effect simulation. And (3) performing optical effect simulation by placing the formed 3D image of the optical device in optical design software, obtaining a facula image, and judging uniformity. The uniformity obtained by the construction method is 1.8. In one embodiment, the formed 3D map of the optical device is put into optical design software Lighttools to perform optical effect simulation, and simulation results are generated and stored.
The optical device constructing method comprises constructing refraction scene of point light source, combining refraction scene with rectangular plane coordinate system, setting to emit emergent ray after passing through the emergent curved surface into the receiving surface, and based on central illuminance A and edge illumination of the receiving surfaceThe degree B meets the AA-level illumination requirement, namely, A is greater than or equal to 500lux, B is greater than or equal to 300lux, R is 500mm, and A/B is<3, a step of; simultaneously dividing the receiving area into N rings equally, and determining the included angle theta between the incident light of each ring and the central incident light based on the AA-level illumination requirement i And the refractive point P of the boundary line of each ring i Coordinates of (c); the optical device constructed in this way can meet the condition of ensuring the illumination, namely, the condition of meeting the effective luminous flux, so that most of the total luminous flux reaches the receiving surface to become the effective luminous flux, thereby improving the utilization rate of light energy, adopting a point light source with lower power, saving energy, avoiding the waste of energy and effectively solving the problems of stray light and glare; the construction method is simple and effective.
In all embodiments of the present application, "large" and "small" are relative terms, "more" and "less" are relative terms, "upper" and "lower" are relative terms, and the description of such relative terms is not repeated herein.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "in this embodiment," "in an embodiment of the present application," or "in one of the embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in this embodiment," "in an embodiment of the application," or "in one of the embodiments" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all alternative embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in the present application.
In various embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean that the execution sequence of the processes is necessarily sequential, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic thereof, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (11)
1. A method of constructing an optical device, the optical device being applied to a point light source, the method comprising:
setting a refraction scene, wherein the refraction scene comprises a point light source, a light-emitting curved surface and a illuminated surface, an emergent ray which irradiates the illuminated surface is formed after the incident ray of the point light source is refracted through the light-emitting curved surface, the illuminated surface forms a round receiving surface for receiving the emergent ray, and the connecting line of the point light source and the central point of the receiving surface is perpendicular to the receiving surface;
setting the radius of the receiving surface as R, the distance from the point light source to the receiving surface as H, the illuminance of the central point of the receiving surface as A, and the illuminance of the edge of the receiving surface as B;
establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking the point light source as a coordinate origin, wherein a y-axis of the plane rectangular coordinate system is perpendicular to the receiving surface and passes through a center point of the receiving surface;
the receiving surface is equally divided into N rings from the center point to the outside to obtain the radius r of the ith ring in the receiving surface i ；
The included angle theta between the incident light corresponding to the ith ring and the central incident light i The luminous flux of the incident light rays in the angle is mapped to the luminous flux of the emergent light rays in the front i ring of the receiving surface and is based on r i A, B and N, obtain θ i Is a distribution of (3);
listing the refractive point P corresponding to the emergent ray passing through the ith ring i Setting a refractive point P corresponding to the light of the point light source on a y axis according to a tangential line equation, an incident light equation and an emergent light equation of the point 0 The distance from the point light source is h, based on r i 、θ i Obtaining H and HP i Coordinates of the points;
and fitting the coordinates of each refraction point to obtain a generating line of the light-emitting curved surface, and rotating 360 degrees around a y axis to obtain the structure of the optical device.
2. The method of constructing an optical device according to claim 1, wherein a radius r of the i-th ring in the receiving plane is obtained i The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the area of each ring, determining r by adding the sum of the areas of the previous i rings and the area of each ring to be equal to the sum of the areas of the previous (i+1) rings i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the sum of the areas of the preceding (i+1) rings is pi i+1 ^2＝pi*r i 2+pi R2/N (1), r is determined by formula (1) i 。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the angle θ between the incident light corresponding to the ith ring and the central incident light i The luminous flux of the incident light rays in the angle is mapped to the luminous flux of the emergent light rays in the front i ring of the receiving surface and is based on r i A, B and N, obtain θ i The step of distribution of (1) comprises:
based on r i A, B and N, obtaining a ratio of luminous flux of the outgoing light rays of the i ring in front of the receiving surface to total luminous flux of the outgoing light rays of the receiving surface as a first ratio;
acquiring θ i The ratio of the luminous flux of the incident light rays in the angle to the total luminous flux of the incident light rays is a second ratio;
making the first ratio equal to the second ratio to obtain θ i Is a distribution of (a).
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the r-based optical device is i The steps of obtaining the ratio of the luminous flux of the emergent light rays of the i ring of the receiving surface to the total luminous flux of the emergent light rays of the receiving surface to be a first ratio, A, B and N, comprise the following steps:
based on the uniform decrease of the illuminance on the receiving surface from the center point of the receiving surface to the outside, the method obtains
First ratio = (a+a- (a-B) ×i/N)/2×pi×r i ^2/(A+B)/2*Pi*R^2 (2)。
5. The method of claim 4, wherein N is greater than or equal to 50.
6. The method of constructing an optical device according to claim 3, wherein the acquiring θ i The step of the ratio of the luminous flux of the incident light rays within the angle to the total luminous flux of the incident light rays being a second ratio comprises:
based on the light flux distribution of the lambertian light source, the method obtains
Second ratio=pi×i×sin (θ i ) 2/pi I sin (90 x 3.14/180) 2 (3), wherein I is the central light intensity of the point light source.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the index of refraction P for the exit light passing through the ith ring is set i The steps of tangent equation, incident ray equation and emergent ray equation of the point include:
at incident ray I i+1 Direction taking point P i+1 Its coordinates are denoted as (x) i+1 ,y i+1 ) Then there is P i The tangent equation of the point is N (x i )*x i +N(y i )*y i +c=0 (4), where C is a constant value, (N (x) i ),N(y i ) Is P) i A unit normal vector of a tangent to the point;
the tangent line passing through P i+1 Dots, get N (x) i )*x i+1 +N(y i )*y i+1 +C＝0 (5)。
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the index of refraction P for the exit light passing through the ith ring is set i The steps of tangent equation, incident ray equation and outgoing ray equation for the point further comprise:
P i+1 at incident ray I i+1 Go up and go throughCrossing the origin of coordinates, there is
y i+1 ＝x i+1 *I(y i+1 )/I(x i+1 )＝x i+1 *sin(θ i+1 )/cos(θ i+1 ) (6), wherein (I (x) i+1 ),I(y i+1 ) Is P) i+1 Unit vector of tangent line of point.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the index of refraction P for the exit light passing through the ith ring is set i The steps of tangent equation, incident ray equation and outgoing ray equation for the point further comprise:
incident ray I i+1 The coordinate point of the outgoing light rays emitted to the receiving surface is M i+1 ＝(r i+1 H), wherein H is the distance from the illuminated target surface to the light source, and the unit vector of the emergent ray is obtained
O(x i+1 )＝(r i+1 -x i+1 ) A module (7) of the emission vector,
O(y i+1 )＝(H-y i+1 ) A module (8) of the output vector, wherein (O (x i+1 ),O(y i+1 ) For the corresponding incident ray I i+1 Coordinates of the outgoing ray unit vector of the ray.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the r-based optical device is i 、θ i H and H, obtain P i The step of coordinates of the point includes:
pass through P i The incident light, the emergent light and the tangent of the point have the following relations at the refraction interface:
wherein n is the refractive index of the light-transmitting medium on one side of the light-emitting curved surface facing the point light source,
is the unit vector of the incident ray, +.>
Is the unit vector of emergent ray, +.>
Is the unit normal vector of the tangent line;
the combined type (4), (5), (6) (7), (8) and (9) obtain P i Coordinates of the points.
11. The method for constructing an optical device according to claim 1, wherein after the step of fitting the coordinates of each refractive point to obtain the generatrix of the light-emitting curved surface and rotating the generatrix by 360 degrees around the y-axis to obtain the structure of the optical device, the method further comprises:
and (3) putting the formed 3D diagram of the optical device into optical design software to perform optical effect simulation.
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| WO2006137712A1 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2006-12-28 | Nanophotonics Ltd. | Optical components including lens having at least one aspherical refractive surface |
| CN104317053A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆邮电大学 | Free-form surface lens construction method based on lighting of LED desk lamp |
| CN104501091A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-08 | 成都恒坤光电科技有限公司 | Design method for LED (Light Emitting Diode) secondary light distribution lens with illuminance being in Gaussian distribution |
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| WO2006137712A1 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2006-12-28 | Nanophotonics Ltd. | Optical components including lens having at least one aspherical refractive surface |
| CN104317053A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆邮电大学 | Free-form surface lens construction method based on lighting of LED desk lamp |
| CN104501091A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-08 | 成都恒坤光电科技有限公司 | Design method for LED (Light Emitting Diode) secondary light distribution lens with illuminance being in Gaussian distribution |
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