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CN116334791B - Preparation method, product and application of high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber - Google Patents

Preparation method, product and application of high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116334791B
CN116334791B CN202310370266.4A CN202310370266A CN116334791B CN 116334791 B CN116334791 B CN 116334791B CN 202310370266 A CN202310370266 A CN 202310370266A CN 116334791 B CN116334791 B CN 116334791B
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pet
island
sea
fiber
superfine fiber
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CN116334791A (en
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孟中良
付昌飞
郑磊
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Linyi Dazheng Special Fiber New Materials Co ltd
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Linyi Dazheng Special Fiber New Materials Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method, a product and application of a high-hygroscopicity PET superfine fiber, and relates to the technical field of sea-island fibers. And (3) performing alkali deweighting fiber opening treatment on the sea-island composite fiber with PET as an island component to obtain the high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber. The preparation method of the sea-island composite fiber with PET as an island component comprises the following steps: step 1, mixing and granulating modified polybutyl acrylate, PET and a transesterification catalyst to obtain hydrophilic master batches; step 2, mixing the hydrophilic master batch with PET as an island phase and taking a COPET slice as a sea phase to perform composite melt spinning to obtain a primary yarn; and (3) carrying out post-treatment on the primary filaments to obtain the sea-island composite fiber taking PET as an island component. The application solves the problems that the conventional high moisture absorption additive is not alkali-proof and can not be suitable for the sea-island fiber opening process, and improves the moisture regain of PET superfine fiber.

Description

Preparation method, product and application of high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of sea-island fibers, in particular to a preparation method, a product and application of a high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber.
Background
The first large variety of synthetic fibers is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber, which has a yield of 80% or more of the total yield of chemical fibers, and has wide uses due to its low production cost, high strength, high modulus, and excellent mechanical properties, but PET fiber has disadvantages of poor air permeability, easiness in generation of static phenomenon, etc. due to its close arrangement of the inside of the molecule, lack of hydrophilic structure between the molecules, and very low moisture regain (the official moisture regain is 0.4%).
The PET superfine fiber prepared by the sea-island spinning method has the advantages that the common single-filament fineness is between 0.01 and 0.1dtex, the specific surface area of the fiber is large, a large number of tiny pores are formed among the fibers, and water is easily absorbed through capillary phenomenon, so that the moisture regain is slightly higher than that of the common PET fiber, and the expected higher moisture regain (more than or equal to 2.0 percent) is still not achieved. In the conventional polyester spinning technology, in order to improve the moisture regain of polyester fibers, a hydrophilic modification method such as sodium polyacrylate polyester blend spinning or polyethylene glycol polyester copolymerization method is generally adopted, and the method is difficult to use on PET superfine fibers prepared by a conventional sea-island method. This is because the conventional sea-island fiber is required to be subjected to alkali reduction treatment, but the hydrophilic additive introduced by the current mainstream hydrophilic modification method is not alkali-resistant and has poor applicability to alkali reduction treatment, so that the moisture regain of the polyester superfine fiber cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the application provides a preparation method, a product and an application of a high moisture absorption PET superfine fiber, which are characterized in that hydrophilic master batches containing modified polybutyl acrylate are prepared, PET is used as an island phase together, and a COPET slice (alkali-soluble polyester slice) serving as a sea phase is subjected to composite melt spinning to prepare a sea-island composite fiber taking PET as an island component, and the sea-island composite fiber is subjected to alkali reduction fiber opening treatment to obtain the high moisture regain PET superfine fiber, so that the problems that a conventional high moisture absorption additive is not alkali-resistant and cannot be suitable for the sea-island fiber opening process are solved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following solutions:
according to one of the technical schemes, the preparation method of the sea-island composite fiber with PET as an island component comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing and granulating modified polybutyl acrylate, PET and a transesterification catalyst to obtain hydrophilic master batches;
step 2, mixing the hydrophilic master batch with PET as an island phase and taking a COPET slice as a sea phase to perform composite melt spinning to obtain a primary yarn; and (3) carrying out post-treatment on the primary filaments to obtain the sea-island composite fiber taking PET as an island component.
Further, in step 1, the modified polybutyl acrylate is a powdery solid such as starch grafted polybutyl acrylate ST-g-PBA.
The purpose of adopting the modified polybutyl acrylate is that the conventional polybutyl acrylate is liquid, is not suitable for blending granulation, and the powdery solid is easier to disperse and uniformly mix.
Further, in the step 1, the mass ratio of the modified polybutyl acrylate, the PET and the transesterification catalyst is (5-30): (70-95): (0-1) wherein the mass of the transesterification catalyst is other than 0; the temperature of the granulation in step 1 is 250-270 ℃.
Further, in step 1, the transesterification catalyst is one or more of a strong base anion exchange resin, an anion layer column material catalyst, an alkaline earth metal compound, a solid super acid, titanate and stannous acid.
The purpose of adding the transesterification catalyst is to enable the modified polybutyl acrylate and PET to generate transesterification reaction in the melt blending granulation process, and the modified polybutyl acrylate and PET are connected together through ester bonds; therefore, the transesterification catalyst capable of realizing the transesterification reaction can be used in the technical scheme of the application.
Further, in the step 2, the mass ratio of the hydrophilic master batch to PET is (2-4) (96-98); the mass ratio of the sea phase to the island phase is (20-40) to (60-80).
Further, in the step 2, the PET, the COPET and the hydrophilic master batch are respectively put into a vacuum oven for drying; mixing the dried hydrophilic master batch with PET as an island phase and a COPET slice as a sea phase to perform composite melt spinning to obtain a primary yarn; and (3) carrying out post-treatment (bundling, drafting, tension heat setting, curling, relaxation heat setting, cutting and packing) on the nascent filaments on a short fiber post-processing combination machine to obtain the sea-island composite fiber (the fiber fineness is 1.67-4.44dtex and the length is 38-108 mm) taking PET as the island component.
In step 2, PET is dried for 8-10 hours, and COPET and hydrophilic masterbatch are dried for 12-16 hours. The water content of PET is controlled below 0.01%, and the COPET and hydrophilic master batch are controlled below 0.03%.
Further, the composite melt spinning specifically comprises: controlling the circular blowing temperature (20-26) DEG C, the air speed of 0.25-0.30m/min, the relative humidity of 70-80% and the winding speed of 800-1000m/min by utilizing a sea-island type composite spinneret plate to prepare primary filaments;
the drafting specifically comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature of an oil bath drafting tank (55-65) DEG C, the temperature of a steam heating box is 100-110 ℃, the first stretching ratio is 1.02-1.06, the second stretching ratio is 2.80-2.95, the third stretching ratio is 1.02-1.06, and the stretching speed is 150-180m/min;
the curling is specifically as follows: the crimping temperature is 95-105 ℃, the main pressure (0.1-0.4) MPa and the back pressure (0.05-0.3) MPa of the crimping wheel.
The temperature of the tension heat setting is (120-160); the relaxation heat setting temperature is (95-115) DEG C.
According to the second technical scheme, the sea-island composite fiber which is prepared by the preparation method and takes PET as an island component.
In the third technical scheme of the application, the sea-island composite fiber with PET as an island component is applied to the preparation of the super-absorbent PET superfine fiber.
The fourth technical scheme of the application is that the preparation method of the PET superfine fiber with high moisture absorption comprises the following steps: and (3) performing alkali deweighting fiber opening treatment on the sea-island composite fiber taking PET as an island component to obtain the super-absorbent PET superfine fiber.
Further, the alkali-reduction fiber-opening treatment specifically comprises: the mass concentration of NaOH in the fiber opening treatment liquid is (1.5-4)%, the bath ratio is 1 (50-150), the fiber opening temperature is (95-100), and the fiber opening treatment time is (30-50) min.
The alkali reduction fiber opening treatment of the sea-island composite fiber mainly has two purposes: 1. dissolving to remove the sea component COPET to obtain the superfine fiber. 2. The hydrolysis of the polybutyl acrylate is initiated to generate sodium polyacrylate with water absorption, so that the hygroscopicity of the PET superfine fiber is improved.
According to the fifth technical scheme, the high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber prepared by the preparation method has a moisture regain of 2-4%.
The sixth technical scheme of the application is the application of the super-absorbent PET superfine fiber in preparing fabrics.
The technical conception of the application is as follows:
the sea-island fiber opening process must be treated by high-temperature sodium hydroxide solution, and the conventional additive sodium polyacrylate for improving the moisture regain can be dissolved in the sea-island fiber opening process, so that the effect of improving the moisture regain cannot be achieved, and the obtained PET superfine fiber does not have high moisture regain.
According to the application, the ester exchange catalyst is added in the granulating process of the modified polybutyl acrylate and the PET, so that the modified polybutyl acrylate and the PET are subjected to ester exchange reaction in the melt blending granulating process, and are connected together through chemical bonds (ester bonds), so that the modified polybutyl acrylate and the PET can be more uniformly dispersed and are not easy to fall off from a high-temperature sodium hydroxide solution in the fiber opening process.
In addition, the modified polybutyl acrylate existing in the island component of the sea-island fiber can be partially hydrolyzed under the alkaline condition of the fiber opening process to generate partial carboxyl side chains, namely the partially hydrolyzed modified polybutyl acrylate, wherein the butyl side chains ensure that the butyl side chains are insoluble in fiber opening liquid, and the carboxyl side chains increase the hydrophilic performance of the fiber; meanwhile, the sea-island method superfine fiber has the structural characteristics of large specific surface area, a large number of micro pores among the fibers, easy water absorption through capillary phenomenon and the like, so that the moisture regain of the fibers is greatly improved.
The application discloses the following technical effects:
according to the application, the modified polybutyl acrylate is introduced into island components of the sea-island fiber as an additive for improving the moisture regain, has better compatibility with a polyester high Polymer (PET) matrix, can be more uniformly dispersed in the polyester high Polymer (PET) matrix, and is connected together through chemical bonds (ester bonds) by transesterification, so that the modified polybutyl acrylate is not easy to fall off from the fiber in the post-treatment process. The modified poly butyl acrylate additive is partially hydrolyzed into sodium polyacrylate under the high-temperature alkaline condition in the fiber opening process by utilizing the alkali effect in the sea-island fiber opening process, so that more hydrophilic groups are formed, and the technical purpose of improving the moisture regain is achieved. And with the opening process of alkali treatment, the sea-island superfine structure is gradually formed, and the specific surface area of the fiber is greatly improved. Therefore, the preparation method provided by the application can greatly improve the moisture regain of the PET superfine fiber.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the application will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the application, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the application.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the application. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the application described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification of the present application. The specification and examples of the present application are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.
The "%" in the present application is expressed as mass percent unless otherwise specified.
The raw materials used in the examples of the present application were obtained from the purchase route unless otherwise specified.
The PET slice used in the embodiment of the application is conventional PET, the intrinsic viscosity eta=0.646 dL/g, the melting point 258 ℃ and the moisture less than 0.4%; the COPET intrinsic viscosity eta=0.708 dL/g, the melting point is 244 ℃, and the moisture is <0.4%; conventional PET and COPET slices are dried for 6-8 hours at 120 ℃ so that the moisture content is controlled below 0.003%, and the technical effect of the application can be realized.
The modified polybutyl acrylate used in the examples of the present application was starch-grafted polybutyl acrylate ST-g-PBA (the starch-grafted polybutyl acrylate copolymer prepared by graft modification by microwave irradiation was a solid powder with a grafting yield of about 16% and a purity of > 95%, and was purchased from Siamirili Biotechnology Co., ltd.). The modification purpose is that the conventional polybutyl acrylate is liquid, so that the polybutyl acrylate is not suitable for blending granulation, and the powdery solid is easier to disperse and uniformly mix during melting granulation.
The method for testing the moisture regain in the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps: according to GB/T6503-2008 standard, weighing about 60g of sample, recording the mass m0 before baking, putting the sample into a baking oven (105-110 ℃) to be baked to constant weight, weighing and recording as m1, wherein the moisture regain (%) = (m 0-m 1)/m1X100%.
Example 1
Step 1, preparation of hydrophilic master batches: modified polybutyl acrylate (starch grafted polybutyl acrylate ST-g-PBA), PET slices and dibutyl tin oxide are prepared according to the mass ratio of 20:79:1 are fed by a double-component feeder, extruded and granulated by a double-screw extruder, and the temperature of the five-zone screw is respectively controlled at 255 ℃, 263 ℃, 270 ℃ and 270 ℃ to prepare the hydrophilic master batch.
Step 2, preparation of sea-island fiber: the conventional PET, COPET and hydrophilic masterbatch were each placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 120 ℃. The PET was dried for 8h and the COPET and hydrophilic master batch were dried for 12h. And mixing the dried hydrophilic master batch with PET slices according to a mass ratio of 4:96 is mixed to be used as island phase, COPET slice is used as sea phase, and the mass ratio of sea and island components is 20:80 were melt-spun in a composite spinning machine (melt-spinning temperatures of sea component and island component are shown in table 1). A sea-island type composite spinneret plate with 37 island specifications is selected, the circular blowing temperature is controlled to be 25 ℃, the wind speed is controlled to be 0.30m/min, the relative humidity is 78%, and the winding speed is controlled to be 1000m/min, so that the primary yarn is prepared. The primary filaments are subjected to bundling, drafting, tension heat setting, curling, relaxation heat setting, cutting and packaging on a short fiber post-processing combination machine to obtain the sea-island composite short fiber taking PET as an island component. The post-processing technology is as follows: the temperature of the oil bath drawing tank is 60 ℃, the temperature of the steam heating box is 100 ℃, the first drawing ratio is 1.02, the second drawing ratio is 2.80, the third drawing ratio is 1.02, the drawing speed is 150m/min, and the tension heat setting temperature is 150 ℃. The crimping temperature is 100 ℃, the main pressure of the crimping wheel is 0.35MPa, and the back pressure is 0.2MPa. Relaxation heat setting temperature is 110 ℃; after cutting, sea-island staple fibers of 2.22dtex 51mm were obtained.
TABLE 1
Step 3, preparing the super-absorbent PET superfine fiber: performing alkali deweighting fiber opening treatment on the sea-island composite short fiber prepared in the step 2 and taking PET as an island component, wherein the mass concentration of NaOH in the fiber opening treatment liquid is 3%, and the bath ratio is 1:100, the fiber opening temperature is 95 ℃, the fiber opening treatment time is 35min, and the PET superfine fiber with high moisture absorption is obtained.
The moisture regain of the high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber prepared in the embodiment is 3.8 percent.
Example 2
Step 1, preparation of hydrophilic master batches: modified polybutyl acrylate (starch grafted polybutyl acrylate ST-g-PBA), PET slices and dibutyl tin oxide are prepared according to the mass ratio of 20:79:1 are fed by a double-component feeder, extruded and granulated by a double-screw extruder, and the temperature of the five-zone screw is respectively controlled at 255 ℃, 263 ℃, 270 ℃ and 270 ℃ to prepare the hydrophilic master batch.
Step 2, preparation of sea-island fiber: the conventional PET, COPET and hydrophilic masterbatch were each placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 120 ℃. The PET was dried for 8h and the COPET and hydrophilic master batch were dried for 12h. And mixing the dried hydrophilic master batch with PET slices according to a mass ratio of 3:97 as island phase after mixing, COPET slice as sea phase, the mass ratio of sea and island components is 30:70 were melt-spun in a composite spinning machine (melt-spinning temperatures of sea component and island component are shown in table 2). A sea-island type composite spinneret plate with 37 island specifications is selected, the circular blowing temperature is controlled to be 22 ℃, the wind speed is controlled to be 0.25m/min, the relative humidity is 70%, and the winding speed is controlled to be 800m/min, so that the primary yarn is prepared. The primary filaments are subjected to bundling, drafting, tension heat setting, curling, relaxation heat setting, cutting and packaging on a short fiber post-processing combination machine to obtain the sea-island composite short fiber taking PET as an island component. The post-processing technology is as follows: the temperature of the oil bath drawing tank is 62 ℃, the temperature of the steam heating box is 110 ℃, the first drawing ratio is 1.06, the second drawing ratio is 2.95, the third drawing ratio is 1.06, the drawing speed is 150m/min, and the tension heat setting temperature is 120 ℃. The crimping temperature is 105 ℃, the main pressure of the crimping wheel is 0.2MPa, and the back pressure is 0.1MPa. Relaxation heat setting temperature is 100 ℃; after cutting, sea-island staple fibers of 1.67 dtex.38mm were obtained.
TABLE 2
Step 3, preparing the super-absorbent PET superfine fiber: alkali deweighting and splitting treatment is carried out on the sea-island short fibers prepared in the step 2, the mass concentration of NaOH in the splitting treatment solution is 1.5%, and the bath ratio is 1:50, the fiber opening temperature is 100 ℃, the fiber opening treatment time is 50min, and the PET superfine fiber with high moisture absorption is obtained.
The moisture regain of the high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber prepared in the embodiment is 2.2 percent.
Example 3
Step 1, preparation of hydrophilic master batches: modified polybutyl acrylate (starch grafted polybutyl acrylate ST-g-PBA), PET slices and dibutyl tin oxide are prepared according to the mass ratio of 25:74.5: the hydrophilic master batch is prepared by feeding materials in a proportion of 0.5 by a bi-component feeder, extruding and granulating by a double-screw extruder, and controlling the temperature of five-zone screws at 255 ℃, 263 ℃, 270 ℃ and 270 ℃ respectively.
Step 2, preparation of sea-island fiber: the conventional PET, COPET and hydrophilic masterbatch were each placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 120 ℃. The PET was dried for 8h and the COPET and hydrophilic master batch were dried for 12h. And mixing the dried hydrophilic master batch with PET slices according to a mass ratio of 2:98 as island phase after mixing, COPET slice as sea phase, the mass ratio of sea and island components is 40:60 were melt-spun in a composite spinning machine (the melt-spinning temperatures of the sea component and the island component are shown in table 3). A sea-island type composite spinneret plate with 37 island specifications is selected, the circular blowing temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the wind speed is controlled to be 0.30m/min, the relative humidity is 80%, and the winding speed is controlled to be 900m/min, so that the primary yarn is prepared. The primary filaments are subjected to bundling, drafting, tension heat setting, curling, relaxation heat setting, cutting and packaging on a short fiber post-processing combination machine to obtain the sea-island composite short fiber taking PET as an island component. The post-processing technology is as follows: the temperature of the oil bath drafting tank is 58 ℃, the temperature of the steam heating box is 105 ℃, the first stretching ratio is 1.02, the second stretching ratio is 2.85, the third stretching ratio is 1.02, the stretching speed is 180m/min, the tension heat setting temperature is 160 ℃, the crimping temperature is 100 ℃, the main pressure of the crimping wheel is 0.15MPa, and the back pressure is 0.08MPa. The relaxation heat setting temperature is 115 ℃; after cutting, sea-island staple fibers of 4.44dtex 76mm were obtained.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Step 3, preparing the super-absorbent PET superfine fiber: performing alkali deweighting fiber opening treatment on the sea-island composite short fiber prepared in the step 2 and taking PET as an island component, wherein the mass concentration of NaOH in the fiber opening treatment liquid is 4%, and the bath ratio is 1:50, the fiber opening temperature is 100 ℃, the fiber opening treatment time is 30min, and the PET superfine fiber with high moisture absorption is obtained.
The moisture regain of the high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber prepared in the embodiment is 3.1 percent.
Comparative example 1
Step 1, placing the conventional PET and COPET slices into a vacuum oven for drying at 120 ℃. The PET was dried for 8h and the COPET and hydrophilic master batch were dried for 12h. Taking the dried PET slice as an island phase, taking a COPET slice as a sea phase, and taking the sea and island components in a mass ratio of 20:80 were melt-spun in a composite spinning machine (melt-spinning temperatures of sea component and island component are shown in table 1). A sea-island type composite spinneret plate with 37 island specifications is selected. The temperature of the circular blowing is controlled to be 25 ℃, the wind speed is 0.30m/min, the relative humidity is 78%, and the winding speed is 1000m/min, so as to prepare the primary yarn. The primary filaments are subjected to bundling, drafting, tension heat setting, curling, relaxation heat setting, cutting and packaging on a short fiber post-processing combination machine to obtain the sea-island composite short fiber taking PET as an island component. The post-processing technology is as follows: the temperature of the oil bath drawing tank is 60 ℃, the temperature of the steam heating box is 100 ℃, the first drawing ratio is 1.02, the second drawing ratio is 2.80, the third drawing ratio is 1.02, the drawing speed is 150m/min, and the tension heat setting temperature is 150 ℃. The crimping temperature is 100 ℃, the main pressure of the crimping wheel is 0.35MPa, and the back pressure is 0.2MPa. Relaxation heat setting temperature is 110 ℃; after cutting, sea-island staple fibers of 2.22dtex 51mm were obtained.
Step 2, carrying out alkali decrement fiber opening treatment on the sea-island composite short fiber with PET as an island component, wherein the NaOH concentration of the fiber opening treatment liquid is 3%, and the bath ratio is 1:100, the fiber opening temperature is 95 ℃, the fiber opening treatment time is 35min, and the PET superfine fiber is obtained.
The moisture regain of the PET superfine fiber prepared in the comparative example is 1.2 percent.
Comparative example 2
Step 1, placing the conventional PET and COPET slices into a vacuum oven for drying at 120 ℃. The PET was dried for 8h and the COPET and hydrophilic master batch were dried for 12h. Hydrophilic additive sodium polyacrylate and dried PET slices were cut at 5:95 as island phase, COPET slice as sea phase, and sea and island components with mass ratio of 20:80 were melt-spun in a composite spinning machine (melt-spinning temperatures of sea component and island component are shown in table 1). A sea-island type composite spinneret plate with 37 island specifications is selected. The temperature of the circular blowing is controlled to be 25 ℃, the wind speed is 0.30m/min, the relative humidity is 78%, and the winding speed is 1000m/min, so as to prepare the primary yarn. The primary filaments are subjected to bundling, drafting, tension heat setting, curling, relaxation heat setting, cutting and packaging on a short fiber post-processing combination machine to obtain the sea-island composite short fiber taking PET as an island component. The post-processing technology is as follows: the temperature of the oil bath drawing tank is 60 ℃, the temperature of the steam heating box is 100 ℃, the first drawing ratio is 1.02, the second drawing ratio is 2.80, the third drawing ratio is 1.02, the drawing speed is 150m/min, and the tension heat setting temperature is 150 ℃. The crimping temperature is 100 ℃, the main pressure of the crimping wheel is 0.35MPa, and the back pressure is 0.2MPa. Relaxation heat setting temperature is 110 ℃; after cutting, sea-island staple fibers of 2.22dtex 51mm were obtained.
Step 2, carrying out alkali decrement fiber opening treatment on the sea-island composite short fiber taking PET as an island component, wherein the NaOH concentration of the fiber opening treatment liquid is 3%, and the bath ratio is 1:50, the fiber opening temperature is 95 ℃, the fiber opening treatment time is 35min, and the PET superfine fiber is obtained.
The moisture regain of the PET superfine fiber prepared in the comparative example is 1.5 percent.
Comparing example 1 with comparative example 1, it can be seen that the moisture regain of the PET ultrafine fiber prepared by the islands-in-the-sea spinning method was 1.2% with the preparation and addition of the hydrophilic masterbatch omitted, which is much less than 3.8% of the moisture regain of the highly hygroscopic PET ultrafine fiber prepared by the addition of the hydrophilic masterbatch.
Comparing example 1 with comparative example 2 shows that the moisture regain of the PET superfine fiber prepared by the sea-island spinning method is 1.5% which is far less than the moisture regain of the high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber prepared by adding the hydrophilic masterbatch by directly adding the water absorbent sodium polyacrylate into the island component. This is because sodium polyacrylate is not alkali-resistant, and in the sea-island fiber alkali-treatment splitting process, the alkali condition causes almost complete decomposition of hydrophilic sodium polyacrylate, so that the fiber is no longer hygroscopic.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present application should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application without departing from the design spirit of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. The preparation method of the super-absorbent PET superfine fiber is characterized in that sea-island composite fiber with PET as island component is adopted to perform alkali decrement fiber opening treatment to obtain the super-absorbent PET superfine fiber;
the preparation method of the sea-island composite fiber with PET as an island component comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing and granulating modified polybutyl acrylate, PET and a transesterification catalyst to obtain hydrophilic master batches;
step 2, mixing the hydrophilic master batch with PET as an island phase and taking a COPET slice as a sea phase to perform composite melt spinning to obtain a primary yarn; post-processing the primary filaments to obtain the sea-island composite fiber with PET as an island component;
the modified polybutyl acrylate is starch grafted polybutyl acrylate ST-g-PBA.
2. The method for preparing the super absorbent PET superfine fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the mass ratio of the modified polybutyl acrylate, the PET and the transesterification catalyst is (5-30): (70-95): (0-1) wherein the mass of the transesterification catalyst is other than 0; the temperature of the granulation in step 1 is 250-270 ℃.
3. The method for preparing super absorbent PET superfine fiber according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the transesterification catalyst is one or more of strong base anion exchange resin, anion layer column material catalyst, alkaline earth metal compound, solid super acid, titanate and stannous acid.
4. The method for preparing the super absorbent PET superfine fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the mass ratio of the hydrophilic master batch to PET is (2-4): 96-98; the mass ratio of the sea phase to the island phase is (20-40) to (60-80).
5. The method for preparing the super absorbent PET superfine fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, PET, COPET and hydrophilic masterbatch are respectively put into a vacuum oven for drying; mixing the dried hydrophilic master batch with PET as an island phase and a COPET slice as a sea phase to perform composite melt spinning to obtain a primary yarn; and carrying out post-treatment on the nascent filaments on a short fiber post-processing combination machine to obtain the sea-island composite fiber taking PET as the island component.
6. The super absorbent PET superfine fiber prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The use of the super absorbent PET microfiber as set forth in claim 6 for the preparation of a fabric.
CN202310370266.4A 2023-04-04 2023-04-04 Preparation method, product and application of high-moisture-absorption PET superfine fiber Active CN116334791B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105504363A (en) * 2016-01-07 2016-04-20 东莞市酬勤包装制品有限公司 Starch and plant fiber composite biodegradable polyester film-blowing grade resin and preparation method
CN114182389A (en) * 2021-11-15 2022-03-15 上海华峰超纤科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of water-reducing sea-island fiber
CN114318589A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-04-12 杭州惠丰化纤有限公司 High-flame-retardant superfine sea island filament and preparation process thereof
CN115787133A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-03-14 杭州职业技术学院 Super-soft reinforced flat sea-island fiber and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105504363A (en) * 2016-01-07 2016-04-20 东莞市酬勤包装制品有限公司 Starch and plant fiber composite biodegradable polyester film-blowing grade resin and preparation method
CN114182389A (en) * 2021-11-15 2022-03-15 上海华峰超纤科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of water-reducing sea-island fiber
CN114318589A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-04-12 杭州惠丰化纤有限公司 High-flame-retardant superfine sea island filament and preparation process thereof
CN115787133A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-03-14 杭州职业技术学院 Super-soft reinforced flat sea-island fiber and preparation method thereof

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