CN116195604B - 一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于水处理用杀菌剂制备领域,本发明公开了一种应用于双膜法循环水处理过程中的非氧化性杀菌剂及其制备方法。本发明以3‑苯基‑N‑(3‑(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙‑2‑烯‑1‑亚胺、四羟甲基硫酸膦、改性纳米铜颗粒为杀菌主要成分为主导,以生物酶、植物精油、木质素增效为辅助成分制备的非氧化性杀菌剂对细菌、真菌、藻类、原生生物等均具有优异的杀菌效果,具有作用速度快、杀菌效率高,且不会对环境造成危害,不易产生抗药性。能广泛应用水处理双膜法市场领域,具有广阔的市场前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水处理用杀菌剂制备领域,尤其涉及一种应用于双膜法循环水处理过程中的非氧化性杀菌剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着水资源的日益短缺,工业用水紧张,污水再生利用显得尤为重要,其中双膜法回用技术是目前研究和应用的热点,较常见的双膜法系统有脱盐水系统、污水回用水系统、高盐水系统。双膜法是将不同的膜技术组合在一起的工艺,结构紧凑、占地面积小、药剂消耗量低、处理效果稳定、运行管理安全可靠,双膜法运用于污水再生可达到节约资源、降低成本的目的,具有明显的经济效益和社会效益。
但是对于不同的水质、水温和系统环境都能促进微生物的生长,因此在双膜法循环冷却水系统中微生物生长最有效和最常用的方法之一是投加杀菌剂。依据经济实用的原则较为常用的为氧化性杀菌剂,氧化性杀菌剂通常为强氧化剂,主要通过与细菌体内代谢酶发生氧化作用而达到杀菌目的。但是由于一些双膜系统中的反渗透膜元件聚酰胺分离层不具有抗氧化性,因此,氧化性杀菌剂使用受限,越来越多双膜法系统运行中对非氧化性杀菌剂的需求越来越大,市场份额占比很高。常用的非氧化性杀生剂有:季铵盐、氯酚类化合物、有机硫化合物、有机锡化合物、有机溴化合物、异噻唑啉酮、戊二醛和季膦盐等。非氧化性杀菌剂不以氧化作用杀死微生物,而是作为致毒剂作用于微生物的特殊部位,从而达到消灭微生物的目的。专利号为CN107410358A公开了一种水处理用非氧化性杀菌剂,该专利配方包括1~10%重量的异噻唑啉酮;1-5%重量的戊二醛;10~50%重量的水;1-4%重量的溴化钠;1-6%重量的有机溴;1-8%重量的SQ8杀菌剂;1-5%重量的二氧氰基甲烷;1-10%重量的有机胺类杀菌剂。综上专利公开的均有显著的不易产生抗药性,毒性小,对环境危害低等技术效果,但是配方中包含的溴化物、有机胺类、戊二醛等杀菌物质,在应用过程中,也会存在溴化物成本较高、过氧化物和臭氧容易分解、戊二醛容易与氨或胺类化合物发生反应而失效而造成制备的非氧化性杀菌剂杀菌持续时间短、杀菌效率低。
因此,针对上述现有技术存在的问题,需要开发一种应用于双膜法循环水处理过程中投加的杀菌效率高、杀菌持续时间长,且不会对环境造成危害的非氧化性杀菌剂。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种应用于双膜法循环水处理过程中投加的杀菌效率高、杀菌持续时间长,且不会对环境造成危害的非氧化性杀菌剂。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,包括A组分、B组分、生物分散剂和去离子水。
本发明进一步技术方案中,上述双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,按质量百分比计,包括:A组分30-40%、B组分5-10%、生物分散剂1-5%、余量为去离子水。
本发明进一步技术方案中,所述A组分按重量份数计,由10-20份3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、5-15份四羟甲基硫酸膦、3-6份改性纳米铜颗粒组成。
本发明进一步技术方案中,所述B组分按重量份数计,由0.1-1份生物酶、1-3份植物精油、1-2份木质素组成。
本发明进一步技术方案中,所述植物精油选自柠檬草精油、牛至精油、迷迭香精油、薄荷精油、白蒿精油、罗勒精油中的一种或多种组合。
本发明进一步技术方案中,所述植物精油优选为多种组合,具体是白蒿精油、柠檬草精油、牛至精油、薄荷精油按重量比1:1:1:1组合而成。
本发明进一步技术方案中,改性纳米铜颗粒制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
①将苦瓜粉与水按重量比1:10比例混合充分搅拌30-60min,煮沸15-20min,过滤,滤液冷却至室温,2-4℃冷藏保存,即得苦瓜提取物;
②将制备的苦瓜提取物加热至40℃再与硫酸铜按重量比1:1混合,置于80-85℃水浴中加热45-60min,高速离心,过滤,将产物烘干,即得。
本发明进一步技术方案中,所述生物酶为酪氨酸激酶A。
本发明进一步技术方案中,所述生物分散剂选自生物分散剂JY-460或生物分散剂KF-508中的一种。
本发明进一步技术方案中,上述双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、四羟甲基硫酸膦、改性纳米铜颗粒以及去离子水置于反应釜中,搅拌均匀加温至45-50℃;
步骤二:将木质素再投入反应釜中,搅拌分散40-60min,降温至20-25℃;
步骤三:再将生物分散剂、生物酶和植物精油投入到反应釜中搅拌均匀即可;
步骤四:搅拌均匀后,进行过滤放料操作,采用100目滤网过滤,过滤封装后保存于储存罐中。
经由上述的技术方案可知,本发明公开提供了一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂及其制备方法,与现有技术相比,具有以下技术效果:
⑴本发明以A组分为杀菌主要成分为主导,以B组分增效为辅助成分制备的非氧化性杀菌剂对细菌、真菌、藻类、原生生物等均具有优异的杀菌效果,具有作用速度快、杀菌效率高,且不会对环境造成危害,不易产生抗药性等特点,整体上解决了现有的杀菌剂的杀菌灭藻效果不佳的技术问题,能广泛应用水处理双膜法市场领域,具有广阔的市场前景。
⑵本发明制备的非氧化性杀菌剂中的杀菌成分A组分由3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、四羟甲基硫酸膦、改性纳米铜颗粒组成。其中,3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺由3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙-1-胺与肉桂醛反应合成的亚胺类化合物,不仅具有优异的抗菌性能,而且绿色、环保;改性纳米铜颗粒是利用苦瓜提取物和硫酸铜制备得到的金属纳米颗粒,不仅具有显著的抗菌性能,还提高了双膜系统的防污抗腐蚀性能,延长了双膜系统的寿命,降低了工业成本。
⑶本发明制备的非氧化性杀菌剂中,还包括有增效的B组分,在B组分中,加入了独特独特的生物酶不仅自身可以更有效的抑制微生物生产,而且作为四羟甲基硫酸膦的增效成分,增强四羟甲基硫酸膦对菌的杀灭效果同时减轻微生物对双膜系统的腐蚀,更好的促进双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂的杀菌及抑菌效果,延长双膜系统的使用寿命;在B组分中,还加入了木质素,木质素本身具有多种抗菌活性成分,在本发明中,不仅具有杀菌特点,而且还能进一步防止本发明制备的非氧化性杀菌剂抗药性的产生。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例公开了一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,包括A组分、B组分、生物分散剂和去离子水;按质量百分比计,包括:A组分30-40%、B组分5-10%、生物分散剂1-5%、余量为去离子水。
作为A组分的非限制性含量,按质量百分比计,优选为:30%、31%、32%、33%、34%、35%、36%、37%、38%、39%、40%;所述A组分按重量份数计,由10-20份3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、5-15份四羟甲基硫酸膦、3-6份改性纳米铜颗粒组成,其中,3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺非限制性含量为10份、11份、12份、13份、14份、15份、16份、17份、18份、19份、20份;其中,四羟甲基硫酸膦非限制性含量为5份、10份、15份;其中,改性纳米铜颗粒非限制性含量为3份、4份、5份、6份;所述3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺的制备方法,具体操作为:3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙-1-胺与肉桂醛按重量比2:1混合反应缩合4h合成了3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺,用薄层色谱观察反应的进行和结束,反应后过滤混合物,然后浓缩滤液,得到固体产物,所得产物用乙醇重结晶即得。
其中,改性纳米铜颗粒制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
①将苦瓜粉与水按重量比1:10比例混合充分搅拌30-60min,煮沸15-20min,过滤,滤液冷却至室温,2-4℃冷藏保存,即得苦瓜提取物;
②将制备的苦瓜提取物加热至40℃再与硫酸铜按重量比1:1混合,置于80-85℃水浴中加热45-60min,高速离心,过滤,将产物烘干,即得。
作为B组分的非限制性含量,按质量百分比计,优选为:5%、6%、7%、8%、9%、10%;所述B组分按重量份数计,由0.1-1份生物酶、1-3份植物精油、1-2份木质素组成;其中,生物酶的非限制性含量为0.1份、0.3份、0.5份、0.7份、1份;其中,植物精油的非限制性含量为1份、1.5份、2份、2.5份、3份;其中,木质素的非限制性含量为1份、1.5份、2份;所述生物酶为酪氨酸激酶A;所述植物精油选自柠檬草精油、牛至精油、迷迭香精油、薄荷精油、白蒿精油、罗勒精油中的一种或多种组合,优选为多种组合,具体是白蒿精油、柠檬草精油、牛至精油、薄荷精油按重量比1:1:1:1组合而成;上述植物精油可通过购买得到,也可通过精油的常规连续蒸馏法进行提取制备。
作为生物分散剂的非限制性含量,按质量百分比计,优选为:1%、2%、3%、4%、5%;所述生物分散剂选自生物分散剂JY-460或生物分散剂KF-508中的一种,所述生物分散剂均为市售产品,生物分散剂JY-460为市售石家庄给源环保科技有限公司生产的工业品;为生物分散剂KF-508为市售乌鲁木齐市科发展精细化工有限公司生产的工业品。
本发明实施例还包括上述双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂制备方法,具备制备步骤如下:
步骤一:将3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、四羟甲基硫酸膦、改性纳米铜颗粒以及去离子水置于反应釜中,搅拌均匀加温至45-50℃;
步骤二:将木质素再投入反应釜中,搅拌分散40-60min,降温至20-25℃;
步骤三:再将生物分散剂、生物酶和植物精油投入到反应釜中搅拌均匀即可;
步骤四:搅拌均匀后,进行过滤放料操作,采用100目滤网过滤,过滤封装后保存于储存罐中。
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
以下实施例和对比例中的改性纳米铜颗粒制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
①将苦瓜粉与水按重量比1:10比例混合充分搅拌45min,煮沸18min,过滤,滤液冷却至室温,3℃冷藏保存,即得苦瓜提取物;
②将制备的苦瓜提取物加热至40℃再与硫酸铜按重量比1:1混合,置于85℃水浴中加热50min,高速离心,过滤,将产物烘干,即得。
以下实施例和对比例中的3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺制备方法具体包括以下步骤:将3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙-1-胺与肉桂醛按重量比2:1混合反应缩合4h合成了3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺,用薄层色谱观察反应的进行和结束,反应后过滤混合物,然后浓缩滤液,得到固体产物,所得产物用乙醇重结晶即得。
实施例1
一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,按质量百分比计,包括:A组分30%、B组分10%、生物分散剂KF-5081%、去离子水59%;所述A组分按重量份数计,由10份3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、5份四羟甲基硫酸膦、3份改性纳米铜颗粒组成;所述B组分按重量份数计,由0.1份酪氨酸激酶A、1份植物精油、1份木质素组成;所述植物精油是白蒿精油、柠檬草精油、牛至精油、薄荷精油按重量比1:1:1:1组合而成。
上述实施例1中双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、四羟甲基硫酸膦、改性纳米铜颗粒以及去离子水置于反应釜中,搅拌均匀加温至45℃;
步骤二:将木质素再投入反应釜中,搅拌分散40min,降温至20℃;
步骤三:再将生物分散剂、生物酶和植物精油投入到反应釜中搅拌均匀即可;
步骤四:搅拌均匀后,进行过滤放料操作,采用100目滤网过滤,过滤封装后保存于储存罐中。
实施例2
一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,按质量百分比计,包括:A组分40%、B组分5%、生物分散剂JY-4601%、去离子水54%;所述A组分按重量份数计,由20份3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、15份四羟甲基硫酸膦、6份改性纳米铜颗粒组成;所述B组分按重量份数计,由1份酪氨酸激酶A、3份植物精油、2份木质素组成;所述植物精油具体是白蒿精油、柠檬草精油、牛至精油、薄荷精油按重量比1:1:1:1组合而成。
上述实施例2中双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、四羟甲基硫酸膦、改性纳米铜颗粒以及去离子水置于反应釜中,搅拌均匀加温至50℃;
步骤二:将木质素再投入反应釜中,搅拌分散60min,降温至25℃;
步骤三:再将生物分散剂、生物酶和植物精油投入到反应釜中搅拌均匀即可;
步骤四:搅拌均匀后,进行过滤放料操作,采用100目滤网过滤,过滤封装后保存于储存罐中。
实施例3
一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,按质量百分比计,包括:A组分35%、B组分7.5%、生物分散剂JY-4603%、去离子水54.5%;所述A组分按重量份数计,由15份3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、10份四羟甲基硫酸膦、4.5份改性纳米铜颗粒组成;所述B组分按重量份数计,由0.5份酪氨酸激酶A、2份植物精油、1.5份木质素组成;所述植物精油具体是白蒿精油、柠檬草精油、牛至精油、薄荷精油按重量比1:1:1:1组合而成。
上述实施例3中双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、四羟甲基硫酸膦、改性纳米铜颗粒以及去离子水置于反应釜中,搅拌均匀加温至48℃;
步骤二:将木质素再投入反应釜中,搅拌分散50min,降温至22℃;
步骤三:再将生物分散剂、生物酶和植物精油投入到反应釜中搅拌均匀即可;
步骤四:搅拌均匀后,进行过滤放料操作,采用100目滤网过滤,过滤封装后保存于储存罐中。
对比例1
一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,按质量百分比计,包括:A组分35%、B组分7.5%、生物分散剂JY-4603%、去离子水54.5%;所述A组分按重量份数计,由15份3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、10份四羟甲基硫酸膦、4.5份改性纳米铜颗粒组成;所述B组分按重量份数计,由2份植物精油、1.5份木质素组成;所述植物精油具体是白蒿精油、柠檬草精油、牛至精油、薄荷精油按重量比1:1:1:1组合而成。
上述对比例1中双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂制备方法,同实施例3所述的制备方法一致。
对比例2
一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,按质量百分比计,包括:A组分35%、B组分7.5%、生物分散剂JY-4603%、去离子水54.5%;所述A组分按重量份数计,由15份3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、10份四羟甲基硫酸膦组成;所述B组分按重量份数计,由0.5份酪氨酸激酶A、2份植物精油、1.5份木质素组成;所述植物精油具体是白蒿精油、柠檬草精油、牛至精油、薄荷精油按重量比1:1:1:1组合而成。
上述对比例2中双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂制备方法,同实施例3所述的制备方法一致。
对比例3
一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,按质量百分比计,包括:A组分35%、B组分7.5%、生物分散剂JY-4603%、去离子水54.5%;所述A组分按重量份数计,由10份四羟甲基硫酸膦、4.5份改性纳米铜颗粒组成;所述B组分按重量份数计,由0.5份酪氨酸激酶A、2份植物精油、1.5份木质素组成;所述植物精油具体是白蒿精油、柠檬草精油、牛至精油、薄荷精油按重量比1:1:1:1组合而成。
上述对比例3中双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂制备方法,同实施例3所述的制备方法一致。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
将本发明实施例1-3、对比例1-2制备的非氧化性杀菌剂与季铵盐类杀菌剂、异噻唑啉酮、有机溴复合剂进行杀菌性能检测对比试验。
注:季铵盐类杀菌剂使用乌鲁木齐石化西峰精细化工厂生产的1227工业品;1227的化学名称为十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵。
有机溴复合剂:为乌鲁木齐科发展精细化工有限公司生产KF-509,主要组分为DBNPA(2,2-二溴-3-氰基丙酰胺)。
(1)试验方法:
实验用水:取自某钢铁锅炉除盐给水双膜法深度除盐处理(超滤+一级反渗透+二级反渗透+EDI)的工艺系统中的循环冷却水。
⑵杀菌效果的评价方法
循环冷却水的杀菌效果评价以异养菌杀灭率来表示,在异养菌含量约105cfu/mL~106cfu/mL的数量级循环水中投加杀菌剂,每间隔6h检测一次异养菌含量,以24h异养菌杀灭率来评价杀菌效果。异养菌的测定参照HG/T4207工业循环冷却水异养菌菌数测定-平皿计数法。经检测当日现场取水的实验用水异养菌起始含量为9.76×105cfu/mL,以下杀菌率的计算均以此计,并将检测结果记录在表1中。
⑶加药方式:采取冲击性投加方式,冲击性投加加药浓度控制在100ppm,时间控制为2h,投加量为50mg/L。
表1不同项目的杀菌率对比
通过表1数据可以看出,本发明实施例1-3制备的非氧化杀菌剂杀菌率都高于异噻唑啉酮、季铵盐类杀菌剂、有机溴复合剂且杀菌率均达到了99%以上,同时本发明制备的非氧化性杀菌剂药效持续时间长、菌体易从循环水系统中分离等优点,适用于双膜法工业循环冷却水中微生物控制,是一种较理想的新一代工业用杀菌剂,有一定的市场应用前景和推广价值。
Claims (4)
1.一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,其特征在于:包括A组分、B组分、生物分散剂和去离子水;
所述A组分按重量份数计,由10-20份3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、5-15份四羟甲基硫酸膦、3-6份改性纳米铜颗粒组成;
所述B组分按重量份数计,由0.1-1份生物酶、1-3份植物精油、1-2份木质素组成;
所述改性纳米铜颗粒制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
①将苦瓜粉与水按重量比1:10比例混合充分搅拌30-60min,煮沸15-20min,过滤,滤液冷却至室温,2-4℃冷藏保存,即得苦瓜提取物;
②将制备的苦瓜提取物加热至40℃再与硫酸铜按重量比1:1混合,置于80-85℃水浴中加热45-60min,高速离心,过滤,将产物烘干,即得;
所述生物酶为酪氨酸激酶A;
所述植物精油由白蒿精油、柠檬草精油、牛至精油、薄荷精油按重量比1:1:1:1组合而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,其特征在于:按质量百分比计,A组分30-40%、B组分5-10%、生物分散剂1-5%、余量为去离子水。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂,所述生物分散剂选自生物分散剂JY-460或生物分散剂KF-508中的一种。
4.权利要求1-3中任一项一种双膜法用非氧化性杀菌剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将3-苯基-N-(3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基)丙-2-烯-1-亚胺、四羟甲基硫酸膦、改性纳米铜颗粒以及去离子水置于反应釜中,搅拌均匀加温至45-50℃;
步骤二:将木质素再投入反应釜中,搅拌分散40-60min,降温至20-25℃;
步骤三:再将生物分散剂、生物酶和植物精油投入到反应釜中搅拌均匀即可;
步骤四:搅拌均匀后,进行过滤放料操作,采用100目滤网过滤,过滤封装后保存于储存罐中。
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