CN116168593A

CN116168593A - High simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training

Info

Publication number: CN116168593A
Application number: CN202310061026.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李青松; 钱霖坤; 钱江; 符之瑄; 干静云; 杨锴昱; 杨俊倚; 李毛宁
Original assignee: SHANGHAI PUTUO DISTRICT CENTRAL HOSPITAL
Current assignee: SHANGHAI PUTUO DISTRICT CENTRAL HOSPITAL
Priority date: 2023-01-13
Filing date: 2023-01-13
Publication date: 2023-05-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training in the field of simulation model devices, which comprises a face model and a base, wherein the face model is detachably connected to the base, and is provided with a simulation eyeball frame, a simulation nose and a simulation mouth, wherein the sizes of the simulation eyeball frame, the simulation nose and the simulation mouth can be manufactured into different sizes according to surgery training requirements; upper and lower eyelids which can be drawn close to each other in the middle are arranged on two sides of the simulated eyeball frame, and simulated eyelashes are arranged on the eyelids; the bottom of the simulated eyeball is provided with a structure for enabling the simulated eyeball to move, so that the simulated eyeball can flexibly move in the simulated eyeball frame; the simulated eyeball is internally provided with a front eye structure which is close to the eyeball of a real person. Through the structure, the high simulation model for the ophthalmic surgery training provides more practical and possible interference for a surgery trainer, so that the surgery training is more similar to a scene in real surgery.

Description

High simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of simulation model devices, and particularly relates to a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training.

Background

The general term "eye disease department" refers to the discipline of studying diseases related to the visual system, including the eyeball and its associated tissues. Ophthalmic diseases such as vitreous and retina diseases, ocular optics, glaucoma, optic neuropathy, cataract and the like are generally studied by ophthalmology; the treatment of the ophthalmic diseases can be carried out in a surgical treatment mode, but the difficulty of the ophthalmic surgery is high because the eyes are organs of traditional Chinese medicines in human bodies, and the ophthalmic surgery can be carried out after long-term ophthalmic surgery training. Traditional ophthalmic surgery trains through a simulated training system, but does not allow the trainee to experience a more realistic operational experience.

To solve the above problems, chinese patent, bulletin number: CN115273627a discloses a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training, comprising: the face model comprises a forehead, a nose, a lower face and eye holes which are mutually independent, wherein the lower end of the forehead is connected with the upper end of the nose, the lower end of the nose is connected with the upper end of the lower face, and the eye holes are positioned between the forehead and the lower face at two sides of the nose; the eye holes are used for accommodating animal orbit tissue blocks; the support adjusting assembly is supported on the inner sides of the forehead and the nose, and the support length of the support adjusting assembly can be adjusted, so that the protruding height of the forehead and/or the nose is adjusted. The high simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training has more simulated structure, adjustable facial features, more similar to the facial features and the ocular features of a real and various patient, lower cost and convenient mass preparation in medical institutions and hospitals.

According to the technical scheme, the independent forehead, nose and lower face are arranged and can be adjusted, so that more real operation feeling is brought to training staff; however, a simulation structure close to reality is not arranged around the eyeball, so that the interference which should exist during operation is reduced, and the training of clinical thinking is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training, which is provided with an external eye simulation structure and an eyeball simulation structure which are more similar to reality, so that more real interference exists during surgery is brought to training staff, and the effect of clinical thinking training is improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a high emulation model for ophthalmic surgery trains, including face model and base, face model detachable connection is in the base upper end, be provided with emulation eyeball frame on the face model, emulation nose and emulation mouth, be provided with first sliding chamber and second sliding chamber in emulation eyeball frame both sides face model, first sliding chamber top face model surface is provided with emulation lower eyelid, emulation lower eyelid bottom is provided with first sliding block, first sliding block extends to first sliding intracavity and first sliding chamber roof sliding connection, second sliding chamber top face model surface is provided with emulation upper eyelid, emulation upper eyelid bottom is provided with the second sliding block, second sliding block extends to second sliding intracavity and second sliding chamber roof sliding connection, all be provided with the elastic component between first sliding block and the first sliding chamber lateral wall and between first sliding block and the first sliding chamber lateral wall, emulation lower eyelid and emulation upper eyelid all are provided with a plurality of emulation lashes on the emulation lower eyelid and the emulation upper eyelid, emulation eyeball frame below face model is provided with a plurality of emulation eyeball and installs the eyeball in the emulation cavity.

After the scheme is adopted, the following beneficial effects are realized:

when the ophthalmic surgery is trained, the first sliding block and the second sliding block can be subjected to the elasticity of the elastic piece, and the first sliding block and the second sliding block can push the simulated lower eyelid and the simulated upper eyelid to be close to the middle position, namely the simulated human eyes are subjected to interference of conditional reflex closure on the ophthalmic surgery after being stimulated by the outside; meanwhile, the simulated eyelashes on the simulated lower eyelid and the simulated upper eyelid can be drawn towards the middle along with the simulated upper eyelid and the simulated lower eyelid, namely the simulated eyelashes interfere with eye surgery during surgery. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the advantages that the simulated lower eyelid, the simulated upper eyelid and the simulated eyelash structure are added to the outer eye part, the added outer eye structure can be utilized for outer eye operation training, and interference generated by the outer eye structure during operation training can be utilized, so that the interference possibly existing during eye operation can be restored more truly, and the effect of clinical thinking training is improved.

Further, a first inflating cavity and a second inflating cavity are respectively arranged below the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity, inflating openings are formed in the side walls of the first inflating cavity and the second inflating cavity, an inflator pump is communicated with the inflating openings through pipelines, and the inflator pump is arranged in the base.

The beneficial effects are that: the inflation pump is started to inflate the first inflation cavity and the second inflation cavity, the gas quantity in the first inflation cavity and the second inflation cavity can be adjusted through the inflation quantity of the inflation pump, and the more the inflation gas in the first inflation cavity and the second inflation cavity is inflated, so that the simulated eyeball frame is reduced; the eye frame is reduced by simulating swelling of the upper eyelid and the lower eyelid after pathological changes of the human, so that on one hand, the training scene of surgery when the outer eye of a patient is swollen is increased, and on the other hand, more interference possibly existing under the real condition is provided for ophthalmic surgery training.

Further, a plurality of simulated lacrimal ducts are arranged below the second air inflation cavity, the simulated lacrimal ducts are communicated with a water pump through a pipeline, and the water pump is arranged in the base.

The beneficial effects are that: the water pump is started, the water pump can convey liquid into the simulated lacrimal gland canal, the liquid can be finally conveyed to the edge of the simulated eyeball frame and the eyeball surface, namely, tears can be secreted to the eyeball surface when the simulated human eyeball is stimulated by the outside, and the tears can influence the vision of an operator during ophthalmic surgery, so that the difficulty of ophthalmic surgery training can be increased by adding tears into the eyeball frame during ophthalmic surgery training, and the operation level of a trainer is improved.

Further, eyeball installation cavity bottom is provided with the mounting panel, is provided with the arc base on the mounting panel, and the connecting hole has been seted up at arc base both ends, and the connecting hole swivelling joint has the arc connecting plate, and arc connecting plate both sides are provided with the arc fixed plate, and emulation eyeball sets up on the arc fixed plate.

The beneficial effects are that: the simulated eyeball is arranged on the arc-shaped fixing plate, and because the arc-shaped connecting plate is rotationally connected with the arc-shaped base, the simulated eyeball can move in the simulated eyeball frame when the simulated eyeball is subjected to external force, thereby being more in line with the real condition of the human eye ball and providing a more real restored operation scene for ophthalmic operation training.

Further, the fixed orifices have been seted up at arc fixed plate both ends, and mounting hole internal thread connection has set screw.

The beneficial effects are that: the distance between the fixing screws can be increased or reduced by rotating the fixing screws, the simulated eyeball is placed between the two fixing screws, the distance between the fixing screws is reduced by rotating the fixing screws, the simulated eyeball is fixed, and the simulated eyeball can be loosened and taken out by reversely rotating the two fixing screws; because the partial ophthalmic surgery training needs to produce the wound on the simulated eyeball, in order to carry out the training of cutting the wound on the eyeball, the simulated eyeball needs to be replaced after the use generally, and the simulated eyeball can be replaced conveniently by adopting a fixing screw fixing mode.

Further, the connecting holes are in a notch structure.

The beneficial effects are that: the notch structure enables not only to rotate between the arc-shaped connecting plate and the arc-shaped base, but also the connecting part between the arc-shaped connecting plate and the arc-shaped base can slide in the notch structure, so that the connecting plate can move in the left and right directions while rotating, namely, the flexibility of the simulated eyeball is increased, and the real condition of the eyeball during operation on the eyeball is further improved.

Further, the simulated eyeball comprises an eyeball body, a cornea layer, an iris layer and a crystalline lens layer; cornea layer sets up in iris layer upper end, and the iris layer sets up in eyeball body top inside wall, and the lens layer sets up on the eyeball body inside wall below the iris layer, is provided with the lens between lens layer and the iris layer, and iris layer middle part is provided with the pupil layer.

The beneficial effects are that: the simulated eyeball is composed of an eyeball body, a cornea layer, an iris layer and a crystalline lens layer, is mainly simulated aiming at the front eye part of the eyeball, provides more realistic scenes for the operation of the ophthalmic eyeball, and is convenient for a trainer to perform more types of operation training on the simulated eyeball.

Further, an anterior chamber is formed between the corneal layer and the iris layer, a posterior chamber is formed between the iris layer and the lens layer, and both the anterior chamber and the posterior chamber are filled with liquid.

The beneficial effects are that: the real anterior chamber and the posterior chamber of the human eye are filled with liquid, and the liquid can bring certain influence to the operation during the operation, so the technical scheme simulates the anterior chamber and the posterior chamber of the eyeball, and the ophthalmic operation training is more similar to the real condition.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of an embodiment of a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a simulated eyeball of an embodiment of a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a simulated eyeball of an embodiment of a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training of the present invention;

Detailed Description

The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: base 1, facial model 2, simulated eyeball frame 3, simulated eyeball 4, simulated nose 5, simulated mouth 6, simulated lower eyelid 7, simulated upper eyelid 8, simulated eyelash 9, inflator 10, water pump 11, simulated lacrimal duct 12, set screw 101, arc-shaped fixing plate 102, arc-shaped connecting plate 103, connecting shaft 104, arc-shaped base 105, mounting plate 106, second inflation chamber 107, second sliding chamber 108, spring 109, second sliding block 110, first inflation chamber 111, first sliding chamber 112, first sliding block 113, eyeball body 201, cornea layer 202, iris layer 203, pupil layer 204, lens layer 205, lens 206.

The examples are basically as shown in figures 1-5: the utility model provides a high simulation model for ophthalmic surgery trains, includes face model 2 and base 1, and face model 2 is made by the silica gel material, and base 1 is made by hard plastic material, and the silica gel material is moulded so more can restore human facial feature easily, and the silica gel material is softer be convenient for cut or dial can be convenient for carry out the operation training in the eye, and the base 1 of stereoplasm can provide better supporting effect for face model 2 when the operation training.

The face model 2 is detachably connected to the upper end of the base 1 in an adhesive mode, so that the face model 2 can be replaced in the later period; the face model 2 is provided with the simulated eyeball frame 3, the simulated nose 5 and the simulated mouth 6, and the sizes of the simulated eyeball frame 3, the simulated nose 5 and the simulated mouth 6 can be set to different sizes according to the requirements of surgical training, so that a trainer can adapt to ophthalmic surgery of patients with different faces conveniently.

Referring to fig. 3, a first sliding cavity 112 and a second sliding cavity 108 are disposed in a face model 2 on the left and right sides of a simulated eyeball frame 3, a simulated lower eyelid 7 is disposed on the face model 2 surface above the first sliding cavity 112, the simulated lower eyelid 7 is slidably engaged with the face model 2 surface, a first sliding block 113 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the simulated lower eyelid 7, the first sliding block 113 extends into the first sliding cavity 112 through the face model 2 surface and is slidably engaged with the top wall of the first sliding cavity 112, a simulated upper eyelid 8 is disposed on the face model 2 surface above the second sliding cavity 108, a simulated upper eyelid 8 is slidably engaged with the face model 2 surface, a second sliding block 110 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the simulated upper eyelid 8, and the second sliding block 110 extends into the second sliding cavity 108 through the face model 2 surface and is slidably engaged with the top wall of the second sliding cavity 108, and elastic members are disposed between the first sliding block 113 and the side wall of the first sliding cavity 112 and between the first sliding block 113 and the side wall of the first sliding cavity 112. The simulated upper eyelid 8 and the simulated lower eyelid 7 are folded to the middle by the elastic force of the spring 109 to simulate the state that the eyeball is closed by external stimulus when the ophthalmic patient is operated. A plurality of simulated eyelashes 9 are fixedly connected to the simulated lower eyelid 7 and the simulated upper eyelid 8.

A first inflation cavity 111 and a second inflation cavity 107 are respectively arranged below the first sliding cavity 112 and the second sliding cavity 108, inflation openings are formed in the side walls of the first inflation cavity 111 and the second inflation cavity 107, the inflation openings are communicated with an inflator 10 through pipelines, and the inflator 10 is fixedly connected in the base 1 and is used for simulating the swelling scene of the upper eyelid and the lower eyelid of an ophthalmic patient. A plurality of simulated lacrimal ducts 12 are arranged below the second air inflation cavity 107, the simulated lacrimal ducts 12 are communicated with a water pump 11 through a pipeline, and the water pump 11 is fixedly connected in the base 1 and is used for simulating a scene of secretion of tears after the eyeballs of the ophthalmologic patients are stimulated by the outside.

Referring to fig. 3, an eyeball installation cavity is formed in the face model 2 below the simulated eyeball frame 3, an installation plate 106 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the eyeball installation cavity, an arc-shaped base 105 is fixedly connected to the installation plate 106, connecting holes in the shape of notches are formed in the two ends of the arc-shaped base 105, an arc connecting shaft 104 is slidably matched in the connecting holes, the connecting shaft 104 is fixedly connected with an arc connecting plate 103, arc fixing plates 102 are fixedly connected to two sides of the arc connecting plate 103, fixing holes are formed in the two ends of the arc fixing plates 102, fixing screws 101 are connected to the inner threads of the installation holes, and the simulated eyeball 4 is clamped on the arc fixing plates 102 by the two fixing screws 101. The arc-shaped connecting plate 103 with the structure can move in an arc shape with a certain flexibility on the mounting seat, and the simulated eyeball 4 is fixed on the arc-shaped fixing plate 102 fixed by the arc-shaped connecting plate 103, so that the simulated eyeball 4 can also move along with the arc-shaped connecting plate 103, simulate the scene that the human eyeball can rotate in the eye socket, and enable the operation training to be more close to reality.

The simulated eyeball 4 comprises an eyeball body 201, a cornea layer 202, an iris layer 203 and a crystalline lens layer 205; the cornea layer 202 is arranged at the upper end of the iris layer 203, the iris layer 203 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the upper end of the eyeball body 201, the lens layer 205 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the eyeball body 201 below the iris layer 203, the lens 206 is fixedly connected between the lens layer 205 and the iris layer 203, and the pupil layer 204 is fixedly connected in the middle of the iris layer 203; an anterior chamber is formed between the cornea layer 202 and the iris layer 203, a posterior chamber is formed between the iris layer 203 and the lens layer 205, and both the anterior chamber and the posterior chamber are filled with a liquid. The simulated eyeball 4 simulates the partial structure of the human front eyeball, so that the human eye ball structure can be restored more truly, and a trainer can obtain ophthalmic surgery training more nearly truly.

The specific implementation process is as follows:

according to the training requirement, whether ophthalmic surgery training is needed under the condition of swelling around the human outer eyes is checked, if so, the inflation pump 10 is used for inflating the first inflation cavity 111 and the second inflation cavity 107, so that the first inflation cavity 111 and the second inflation cavity 107 are inflated, and the inflated inflation cavities simulate the swelling scene of the human outer eyes; if not needed, the first inflation cavity 111 and the second inflation cavity 107 are not inflated, and the first inflation cavity 111 and the second inflation cavity 107 can be inflated gradually in the operation process, so that the process of gradually swelling of the patient due to the external eye of the operation is simulated.

In the process of operation training, the first sliding block 113 and the second sliding block 110 are drawn towards the middle under the action of the elastic force of the spring 109, the simulated upper eyelid 8 and the simulated lower eyelid 7 can be drawn towards the middle along with the first sliding block 113 and the second sliding block 110, and the scene that the condition reflects the closed eye after the human eye ball is stimulated by the outside is simulated.

In the operation training process, the water pump 11 is started, the water pump 11 conveys liquid into the simulated lacrimal duct 12, the liquid is conveyed into the simulated eye socket and the surface of the simulated eyeball 4 through the simulated lacrimal duct 12, and the scene that the human eyeball secretes tears under external stimulus is simulated.

When the simulated eyeball 4 is touched or a wound is cut on the simulated eyeball 4 in the process of operation training, the simulated eyeball 4 is fixedly clamped on the arc-shaped mounting plate 106 through the fixing screw 101, and the arc-shaped mounting plate 106 is fixedly connected to two sides of the arc-shaped connecting plate 103, so that the simulated eyeball 4 can rotate and move left and right, and a scene of movement in an orbit when the simulated eyeball is acted by external force is simulated.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention and the specific structures and/or characteristics of the present invention that are well known in the art have not been described in detail herein. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the scope of the present invention, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training, characterized by: the face model is detachably connected to the upper end of the base, a simulated eyeball frame, a simulated nose and a simulated mouth are arranged on the face model, a first sliding cavity and a second sliding cavity are arranged in the face model on two sides of the simulated eyeball frame, a simulated lower eyelid is arranged on the surface of the face model above the first sliding cavity, a first sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the simulated lower eyelid, the first sliding block extends into the first sliding cavity and is in sliding connection with the top wall of the first sliding cavity, a simulated upper eyelid is arranged on the surface of the face model above the second sliding cavity, a second sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the simulated upper eyelid, the second sliding block extends into the second sliding cavity and is in sliding connection with the top wall of the second sliding cavity, elastic pieces are arranged between the first sliding block and the side wall of the first sliding cavity, the simulated lower eyelid and the simulated upper eyelid are in sliding fit with the surface of the face model, a plurality of simulated eyelashes are arranged on the simulated lower eyelid and the simulated upper eyelid, and a simulated eyeball is arranged in the face model below the simulated upper eyelid.

2. A high simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity are respectively provided with a first inflating cavity and a second inflating cavity below, the side walls of the first inflating cavity and the second inflating cavity are respectively provided with an inflating opening, the inflating openings are communicated with an inflating pump through a pipeline, and the inflating pump is arranged in the base.

3. A high simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training according to claim 2, characterized in that: a plurality of simulated lacrimal ducts are arranged below the second inflatable cavity, and are communicated with a water pump through a pipeline, and the water pump is arranged in the base.

4. A high simulation model for ophthalmic surgery training according to claim 3, wherein: the eyeball installation cavity bottom is provided with the mounting panel, is provided with the arc base on the mounting panel, and the connecting hole has been seted up at arc base both ends, and the connecting hole swivelling joint has the arc connecting plate, and arc connecting plate both sides are provided with the arc fixed plate, and emulation eyeball sets up on the arc fixed plate.

5. A high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training according to claim 4, wherein: fixing holes are formed in two ends of the arc-shaped fixing plate, and fixing screws are connected with the mounting holes in a threaded mode.

6. A high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training according to claim 5, wherein: the connecting holes are in a notch structure.

7. A high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training according to claim 6, wherein: the simulated eyeball comprises an eyeball body, a cornea layer, an iris layer and a crystalline lens layer; cornea layer sets up in iris layer upper end, and the iris layer sets up in eyeball body top inside wall, and the lens layer sets up on the eyeball body inside wall below the iris layer, is provided with the lens between lens layer and the iris layer, and iris layer middle part is provided with the pupil layer.

8. A high simulation model for ophthalmic surgical training according to claim 7, wherein: an anterior chamber is formed between the cornea layer and the iris layer, a posterior chamber is formed between the iris layer and the lens layer, and the anterior chamber and the posterior chamber are filled with liquid.