CN116144989A - Production process for 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar by controlling coarse grains after forging - Google Patents
Production process for 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar by controlling coarse grains after forging Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QDMRQDKMCNPQQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynetitanium Chemical compound [B].[Ti] QDMRQDKMCNPQQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention provides a 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process for controlling coarse crystals after forging, which uses double-stranded titanium boron wires to be added simultaneously in the online treatment of the casting process, and uses 40PPi+50PPi at the wire feeding speed of 160-225 cm/min; casting water temperature 10-35The temperature of the casting hot end is 690-700 ℃, the casting speed is 58-61mm/min, and the water flow is 130-150m 3 /h; uniformly heat-treating the round ingot, wherein the metal temperature is 490-500 ℃, preserving heat for 15-16h, and then cooling to below 250 ℃ at a heating rate of less than or equal to 35 ℃/h; the extrusion treatment is carried out at a high temperature and a low speed. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy extruded product obtained by the process is more than or equal to 350MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 10%, the depth of a coarse grain ring of a low power is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the coarse grain of a normal area after forging of the product is less than or equal to 3mm, and the coarse grain of a fractal line area is less than or equal to 5mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum extrusion material production, in particular to a 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process for controlling coarse grains after forging.
Background
The main alloy elements of the 6-series aluminum alloy are Si, mg and Cu, and the 6-series aluminum alloy has the characteristics of good formability, weldability and machinability and medium strength, so that the alloy is widely applied to aerospace, construction and other structural members with high strength requirements after extrusion, heat treatment and processing; meanwhile, the series aluminum alloy also has good anti-fatigue capability, so that when the series aluminum alloy is used in the field of automobiles, the strict requirements of the field on the comprehensive performance of strength and metal fatigue resistance can be met, and the series aluminum alloy can be widely applied to key parts, functional parts and safety parts of automobiles.
The high-strength 6082 aluminum alloy is used for automobile parts after forging and heat treatment, and when the high-strength 6082 aluminum alloy is applied to the automobile parts, the high-strength 6082 aluminum alloy has high requirements on the strength of materials, and the coarse crystals of the cross section of the materials are required to be controlled so as to ensure the service life of the materials. In the forging process of the 6-series aluminum alloy, the metal deformation degree is large and uneven, when the metal is subjected to larger shearing deformation, the metal is seriously crushed, the grain size is enlarged, coarse-grain rings are generated, the mechanical property is reduced, and the fatigue resistance is reduced. In addition, because of less alloy elements in the 6-series alloy, which can play a role of refining grains, the recrystallization temperature cannot be increased, the grains are extremely easy to grow up, the yield strength and the tensile strength are low, the yield of products is low, and even potential safety hazards are caused. Therefore, the production process for guaranteeing the mechanical property and controlling the grain structure is significant for the existing 6-series aluminum alloy products.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process for controlling coarse grains after forging, which comprises alloy component proportioning, casting, round ingot uniform heat treatment, extrusion treatment, cooling treatment, stretching treatment and sample heat treatment; by using the production process, the mechanical property of the product and the coarse grain of the section of the forged product can be effectively controlled; the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy extruded product obtained by the process is more than or equal to 350MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 10%, the depth of a coarse grain ring of a low power is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the coarse grain of a normal area after forging of the product is less than or equal to 3mm, and the coarse grain of a fractal line area is less than or equal to 5mm.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process for controlling coarse grain after forging mainly comprises the following steps: alloy component proportioning, casting, uniform heat treatment of round cast ingot, extrusion treatment, cooling treatment, stretching treatment and sample heat treatment;
in the casting process, double-strand titanium boron wires are simultaneously added in an on-line treatment mode, the wire feeding speed is 160225cm/min, 40PPi+50PPi is used, and two-stage filtration is carried out;
the casting water temperature is 10-35 ℃, the casting hot end temperature is 690-700 ℃, the casting speed is 58-61mm/min, and the water flow is 130-150m 3 /h；
Uniformly heat-treating the round ingot, wherein the metal temperature is 490-500 ℃, preserving heat for 15-16h, the heating speed is less than or equal to 35 ℃/h, and after the heat preservation is finished, air cooling and water cooling are carried out to below 250 ℃;
the extrusion treatment is carried out at a high temperature and a low speed.
Preferably, the production process of the 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar for controlling the coarse grain after forging comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Alloy composition ratio:
selecting a round ingot as a raw material, wherein the round ingot comprises the following elements in percentage by weight:
0.9 to 1.3 percent of Si, 0.13 to 0.40 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, 0.5 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 0.6 to 1.0 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; wherein the individual content of unavoidable impurities is not more than 0.05%, and the total content is not more than 0.15%;
(2) Casting:
on-line treatment is carried out by adding double strands of titanium boron wires simultaneously, feeding the wires at 160-225cm/min, using 40PPi+50PPi, and carrying out two-stage filtration; the casting water temperature is 10-35 ℃, the casting hot end temperature is 690-700 ℃, the casting speed is 58-61mm/min, and the water flow is 130-150m 3 /h；
(3) And (3) uniformly heat-treating the round ingot:
in the homogenizing heat treatment process, the metal temperature is 490-500 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15-16h, the heating speed is less than or equal to 35 ℃/h, and after the heat preservation is finished, the air cooling and the water cooling are carried out to below 250 ℃;
(4) Extrusion treatment:
s1, designing an extrusion die:
adopting a backward extrusion die, wherein the working band of the die is 1.5-5.0mm;
s2, the extrusion process is as follows:
adopting a backward extrusion mode, wherein the temperature of a die is 420-460 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 420-460 ℃, and the temperature of a round ingot casting before extrusion is 480-530 ℃; the extrusion speed of the product is 2.0-3.0 m/min;
(5) And (3) cooling treatment:
an air cooling device and a cooling fan are arranged at the outlet of the front beam of the extruder, so that the length of the extruded aluminum alloy product in a cooling zone is more than or equal to 6.0m;
(6) Stretching:
passing the cooled article through a stretcher to produce a tensile deformation of 0.4-2.0%;
(7) Sample heat treatment:
carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the sawed mechanical sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 530-545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60-180min; aging temperature is 160-185 ℃, and heat preservation time is 8-12h; and carrying out solid solution treatment on the sawed low-power sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 530-545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60-90min.
Preferably, in the step (2), double strands of titanium boron wires are added simultaneously in an online treatment, the wire feeding speed is 200cm/min, 40PPi+50PPi is used, and two-stage filtration is carried out; casting water temperature 20 ℃, casting hot end temperature 695 ℃, casting speed 60mm/min and water flow 140m 3 /h。
Preferably, in the step (3), the metal temperature is 495, the temperature is kept for 15.8 hours, the heating rate is 35 ℃/hour, and after the temperature is kept, the air cooling and the water cooling are carried out to below 250 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (4) s2, a backward extrusion mode is adopted, the temperature of the die is 450 ℃, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 440-445 ℃, and the temperature of the round ingot casting before extrusion is 507-527 ℃; the extrusion speed of the product is 2.4-2.8 m/min.
Preferably, in step (5), the residence time in the cooling zone is 3 minutes, reducing the product temperature to below 200 ℃.
Preferably, in step (6), the cooled article is subjected to a stretching deformation of 0.8% by a stretching machine.
Preferably, in the step (7), the solid solution temperature is 535 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 120min; aging temperature is 175 ℃, heat preservation time is 8 hours, solid solution temperature is 535 ℃ and heat preservation time is 75 minutes in the heat treatment process of the low-power sample, and a high-performance low-coarse-grain product can be obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through the uniform heat treatment, extrusion treatment, cooling treatment and stretching treatment of alloy distribution ratio, casting and round ingot casting, and the heat treatment of a sample, the obtained aluminum alloy extruded product has the tensile strength of more than or equal to 350MPa, the yield strength of more than or equal to 320MPa, the elongation of more than or equal to 10 percent and the depth of a low-power coarse-grain ring of less than or equal to 0.5mm after the heat treatment.
2. The production process provided by the invention can effectively control coarse crystals of the forged product, wherein the coarse crystals of the normal area after forging of the product are less than or equal to 3mm, and the coarse crystals of the fractal line area are less than or equal to 5mm.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the results of detecting low-power coarse crystals of a cross section of a bar material of example 1 after forging, wherein the left and right side diagrams in the diagrams are schematic diagrams of the results of detecting low-power coarse crystals of cross sections of different positions of the same forged product.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the results of detecting low-power coarse crystals of the cross section of the bar material of example 2 after forging, wherein the left and right diagrams in the drawing are schematic diagrams of the results of detecting low-power coarse crystals of the cross section of the bar material at different positions of the same forged product.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the results of testing the low-power coarse crystals of the cross section of the bar material of example 3 after forging, wherein the left side, middle and right side of the diagram are the schematic diagrams of the results of testing the low-power coarse crystals of the cross section of the bar material of the same forged product at different positions.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the results of detecting low-power coarse crystals in the cross section of the bar material of comparative example 1 after forging, wherein the left side diagram, the middle diagram and the right side diagram in the diagram are schematic diagrams of the results of detecting low-power coarse crystals in the cross section of different positions of the same forged product.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process for controlling coarse grain after forging comprises the following specific processes:
(1) Alloy composition ratio:
selecting a round ingot with the diameter of 320mm as a raw material, and detecting alloy components of the round ingot for extrusion by adopting a direct-reading spectrometer, wherein the elements in the round ingot comprise the following components:
1.1% of Si, 0.20% of Fe, 0.08% of Cu, 0.78% of Mn, 0.9% of Mg, 0.2% of Cr, 0.03% of Zn, 0.06% of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; wherein the individual content of unavoidable impurities is not more than 0.05%, and the total content is not more than 0.15%;
(2) Casting:
on-line treatment is carried out by simultaneously adding double strands of titanium boron wires, feeding the wires at a wire feeding speed of 200cm/min, and carrying out two-stage filtration by using 40PPi+50PPi; casting water temperature 20 ℃, casting hot end temperature 695 ℃, casting speed 60mm/min and water flow 140m 3 /h；
(3) And (3) uniformly heat-treating the round ingot:
in the homogenizing heat treatment process, the metal temperature is 495, the temperature is kept for 15.8 hours, the heating speed is 35 ℃/hour, and after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature is cooled by air and water to below 250 ℃;
(4) Extrusion treatment:
s1, designing an extrusion die:
adopting a backward extrusion die, wherein the working band of the die is 3.0mm;
s2, the extrusion process is as follows:
selecting an extrusion cylinder of an extruder with the diameter of 330mm, and adopting a double-hole die to make the extrusion ratio be 24;
adopting a backward extrusion mode, wherein the temperature of a die is 450 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 450 ℃, and the temperature of a round ingot casting before extrusion is 515 ℃; the extrusion speed of the product is 2.8 m/min;
(5) And (3) cooling treatment:
an air cooling device and a cooling fan are arranged at the outlet of the front beam of the extruder, so that the length of the extruded aluminum alloy product in a cooling zone is more than or equal to 6.0m; the residence time in the cooling zone is 3min, so that the temperature of the product is reduced to below 200 ℃;
(6) Stretching:
passing the cooled article through a stretcher to produce a tensile deformation of 0.8%;
(7) Sample heat treatment:
carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the sawed mechanical sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 535 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 120min; aging temperature is 175 ℃, heat preservation time is 8 hours, solid solution temperature is 535 ℃ and heat preservation time is 75 minutes in the heat treatment process of the low-power sample, and the heat treated sample is obtained;
room temperature tensile property test was performed on the heat-treated samples, and the results are shown in table 1; the heat-treated sample was subjected to a low-power test, and the results are shown in Table 2;
TABLE 1 results of room temperature tensile properties of 6-series bars (diameter 48 mm) after heat treatment
TABLE 2 Low magnification results of 6-series bars (diameter 48 mm) after heat treatment
| Sample numbering | Sampling position | Coarse grain ring depth | Determination result |
| 1 | 1-1/2T | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
| 2 | 1-1/2W | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
| 3 | 2-1/2T | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
| 4 | 2-1/2W | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
After forging, the product section coarse grain is shown in figure 1,
as can be seen from the measurement data of FIG. 1, the process of the invention is adopted to produce a 6-series bar with the diameter of 48mm, the T6-state room temperature tensile strength can reach more than 350MPa, the temperature is higher than the standard value in the industry by more than 60MPa, the coarse grain ring is not formed in the low power, the coarse grain depth of the normal area of the forged product is lower than 3mm, and the fractal line area is lower than 5mm.
Example 2
A6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process for controlling coarse grain after forging comprises the following specific processes:
(1) Alloy composition ratio:
selecting a round ingot with the diameter of 320mm as a raw material, and detecting alloy components of the round ingot for extrusion by adopting a direct-reading spectrometer, wherein the elements in the round ingot comprise the following components:
1.1% of Si, 0.20% of Fe, 0.08% of Cu, 0.78% of Mn, 0.9% of Mg, 0.2% of Cr, 0.03% of Zn, 0.06% of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; wherein the individual content of unavoidable impurities is not more than 0.05%, and the total content is not more than 0.15%;
(2) Casting:
on-line treatment is carried out by adding double strands of titanium boron wires simultaneously, feeding wires at a wire feeding speed of 195cm/min, using 40PPi+50PPi, and carrying out two-stage filtration; casting water temperature 10 ℃, casting hot end temperature 690 ℃, casting speed 58mm/min and water flow 130m 3 /h；
(3) And (3) uniformly heat-treating the round ingot:
in the homogenizing heat treatment process, the metal temperature is 490 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15 hours, the heating speed is 28 ℃/hour, and after the heat preservation is finished, the air cooling and the water cooling are carried out to below 250 ℃;
(4) Extrusion treatment:
s1, designing an extrusion die:
adopting a backward extrusion die, wherein the working band of the die is 3.0mm;
s2, the extrusion process is as follows:
the simple diameter of the extruding machine is 330mm, and a single-hole die is adopted as a die, so that the extruding ratio is 19.4;
adopting a backward extrusion mode, wherein the temperature of a die is 450 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 442-451 ℃, and the temperature of a round ingot casting before extrusion is 507-522 ℃; the extrusion speed of the product is 2.5 m/min;
(5) And (3) cooling treatment:
an air cooling device and a cooling fan are arranged at the outlet of the front beam of the extruder, so that the length of the extruded aluminum alloy product in a cooling zone is more than or equal to 6.0m; the residence time in the cooling zone is 3min, so that the temperature of the product is reduced to below 200 ℃;
(6) Stretching:
passing the cooled article through a stretcher to produce a tensile deformation of 1.2%;
(7) Sample heat treatment:
carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the sawed mechanical sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 530 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 70min; aging temperature is 165 ℃, and heat preservation time is 10 hours; carrying out solid solution treatment on the sawed low-power sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 530, and the heat preservation time is 60 minutes to obtain a heat-treated sample;
the room temperature tensile property test is carried out on the heat-treated sample, the result is shown in table 3, and the low-power test is carried out on the heat-treated sample, and the result is shown in table 4;
TABLE 3 results of room temperature tensile properties of 6-series bars (diameter 75 mm) after heat treatment
TABLE 4 Low-power results on 6-series bars (diameter 75 mm) after heat treatment
| Sample numbering | Sampling position | Coarse grain ring depth | Determination result |
| 1 | 1T | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
| 2 | 1W | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
| 3 | 2T | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
| 4 | 2W | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
The product cross section is coarsely crystallized after forging as shown in figure 2.
As can be seen from the measurement data of FIG. 2, the process of the invention is adopted to produce bars with the diameter of 75mm in the 6-series, the T6-state room temperature tensile strength can reach more than 350MPa, the temperature is higher than 60MPa compared with the standard value in the industry, the rough crystal ring is not formed in the low power, the rough crystal depth of the normal area of the forged product is lower than 3mm, and the fractal line area is lower than 5mm.
Example 3
A6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process for controlling coarse grain after forging comprises the following specific processes:
(1) Alloy composition ratio:
selecting a round ingot with the diameter of 320mm as a raw material, and detecting alloy components of the round ingot for extrusion by adopting a direct-reading spectrometer, wherein the elements in the round ingot comprise the following components:
1.1% of Si, 0.20% of Fe, 0.08% of Cu, 0.78% of Mn, 0.9% of Mg, 0.2% of Cr, 0.03% of Zn, 0.06% of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; wherein the individual content of unavoidable impurities is not more than 0.05%, and the total content is not more than 0.15%;
(2) Casting:
on-line treatment is carried out by simultaneously adding double strands of titanium boron wires, feeding the wires at the wire feeding speed of 225cm/min, and carrying out two-stage filtration by using 40PPi+50PPi; the casting water temperature is 35 ℃, the casting hot end temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 61mm/min, and the water flow is 150m 3 /h；
(3) And (3) uniformly heat-treating the round ingot:
in the homogenizing heat treatment process, the metal temperature is 500 ℃, the temperature is kept for 16 hours, the heating speed is 30 ℃/hour, and after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature is cooled by air and water to below 250 ℃;
(4) Extrusion treatment:
s1, designing an extrusion die:
adopting a backward extrusion die, wherein the working band of the die is 3.0mm;
s2, the extrusion process is as follows:
selecting an extrusion cylinder of an extruder with the diameter of 330mm, and adopting a single-hole die to make the extrusion ratio 25.8;
adopting a backward extrusion mode, wherein the temperature of a die is 450 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 445-453 ℃, and the temperature of a round ingot casting before extrusion is 510-524 ℃; the extrusion speed of the product is 2.4 m/min;
(5) And (3) cooling treatment:
an air cooling device and a cooling fan are arranged at the outlet of the front beam of the extruder, so that the length of the extruded aluminum alloy product in a cooling zone is more than or equal to 6.0m;
(6) Stretching:
passing the cooled article through a stretcher to produce a tensile deformation of 0.6%;
(7) Sample heat treatment:
carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the sawed mechanical sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 180 minutes; aging temperature is 185 ℃, and heat preservation time is 12 hours; carrying out solid solution treatment on the sawed low-power sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 90 minutes to obtain a heat-treated sample;
the room temperature tensile property test is carried out on the heat-treated sample, the result is shown in table 5, and the low-power test is carried out on the heat-treated sample, and the result is shown in table 6;
TABLE 5 results of room temperature tensile properties of 6-series bars (diameter 60 mm) after heat treatment
TABLE 6 Low magnification results of 6-series bars (diameter 60 mm) after heat treatment
| Sample numbering | Sampling position | Coarse grain ring depth | Determination result |
| 1 | 1T | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
| 2 | 1W | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
| 3 | 2T | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
| 4 | 2W | No coarse grain ring | Qualified product |
The product section coarse crystal is shown in figure 3 after forging;
as can be seen from the measurement data of FIG. 3, the process of the invention is adopted to produce bars with the diameter of 75mm in the 6-series, the T6-state room temperature tensile strength can reach more than 350MPa, the temperature is higher than 70MPa compared with the standard value in the industry, the rough crystal ring is not formed in the low power, the rough crystal depth of the normal area of the forged product is lower than 3mm, and the fractal line area is lower than 5mm.
Comparative example 1
The traditional production process comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Alloy composition ratio:
selecting a round ingot with the diameter of 330mm as a raw material, and detecting alloy components of the round ingot for extrusion by adopting a direct-reading spectrometer, wherein the elements in the round ingot comprise the following components:
1.07% of Si, 0.20% of Fe, 0.056% of Cu, 0.57% of Mn, 0.9% of Mg, 0.16% of Cr, 0.018% of Zn, 0.03% of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; wherein the individual content of unavoidable impurities is not more than 0.05%, and the total content is not more than 0.15%;
(2) Casting:
on-line treatment is carried out by simultaneously adding double strands of titanium boron wires, feeding the wires at a wire feeding speed of 160cm/min, using 40PPi+50PPi, and carrying out two-stage filtration; the casting process comprises the following steps: the casting water temperature is 10-35 ℃, the casting hot end temperature is 705 ℃, the casting speed is 58mm/min, and the water flow is 130m 3 /h；
(3) And (3) uniformly heat-treating the round ingot:
in the homogenizing heat treatment process, the metal temperature is 550 ℃, the temperature is kept for 12 hours, the heating speed is less than or equal to 35 ℃/hour, and after the heat preservation is finished, the air cooling and the water cooling are carried out to below 250 ℃;
(4) Extrusion treatment:
s1, designing an extrusion die:
adopting a backward extrusion die, wherein the working band of the die is 3.0mm;
s2, the extrusion process is as follows:
selecting an extrusion cylinder of an extruder with the diameter of 330mm, and adopting a single-hole die to enable the extrusion ratio to be 21.8;
adopting a backward extrusion mode, wherein the temperature of a die is 450 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 424-430 ℃, and the temperature of a round ingot casting before extrusion is 478-484 ℃; the extrusion speed of the product is 3.5-4.2 m/min;
(5) And (3) cooling treatment:
an air cooling device and a cooling fan are arranged at the outlet of the front beam of the extruder, so that the length of the extruded aluminum alloy product in a cooling zone is more than or equal to 6.0m;
(6) Stretching:
passing the cooled article through a stretcher to produce a tensile deformation of 0.4-2.0%;
(7) Sample heat treatment:
carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the sawed mechanical sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 530-545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60-180min; aging temperature is 160-185 ℃, and heat preservation time is 8-12h; carrying out solid solution treatment on the sawed low-power sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 530-545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60-90min;
the room temperature tensile property test is carried out on the heat-treated sample, the result is shown in table 7, and the low-power test is carried out on the heat-treated low-power sample, and the result is shown in table 8;
TABLE 7 results of room temperature tensile properties of 6-series bars (diameter 50 mm) after heat treatment
TABLE 8 Low magnification results of 6 series bars (diameter 50 mm) after heat treatment
| Sample numbering | Sampling position | Coarse grain ring depth | Determination result |
| 1 | 1T | Coarse grain ring depth 1mm | Failure to pass |
| 2 | 1W | Coarse grain ring depth 1mm | Failure to pass |
| 3 | 2T | Coarse grain ring depth 1mm | Failure to pass |
| 4 | 2W | Coarse grain ring depth 1mm | Failure to pass |
The product section coarse crystal is shown in figure 4 after forging;
as can be seen from the measurement data of FIG. 4, the process of the invention is adopted to produce 6-series bars with the diameter of 60mm, the T6-state room temperature tensile strength can reach more than 350MPa, the T6-state room temperature tensile strength is higher than 40MPa compared with the standard value in the industry, but the depth of the coarse crystal ring is 1mm, the coarse crystal ring exceeds the standard, and the maximum depth of the coarse crystal on the section of the forged product is 7.15mm.
Compared with the traditional process, the process can effectively control the mechanical property, the depth of the coarse-grain ring and the coarse-grain of the forged section, and provide high-quality products.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications and substitutions may be made in the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and substitutions be within the scope of the present invention/be within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The production process of 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar for controlling coarse grain after forging is characterized by comprising the following main processes: alloy component proportioning, casting, uniform heat treatment of round cast ingot, extrusion treatment, cooling treatment, stretching treatment and sample heat treatment;
in the casting process, double-strand titanium boron wires are simultaneously added in an on-line treatment mode, the wire feeding speed is 160-225cm/min, 40PPi+50PPi is used, and two-stage filtration is carried out;
the casting water temperature is 10-35 ℃, the casting hot end temperature is 690-700 ℃, the casting speed is 58-61mm/min, and the water flow is 130-150m 3 /h；
Uniformly heat-treating the round ingot, wherein the metal temperature is 490-500 ℃, preserving heat for 15-16h, the heating speed is less than or equal to 35 ℃/h, and after the heat preservation is finished, air cooling and water cooling are carried out to below 250 ℃;
the extrusion treatment is carried out at a high temperature and a low speed.
2. The process for producing 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar for controlling coarse grain after forging as recited in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps:
(1) Alloy composition ratio:
selecting a round ingot as a raw material, wherein the round ingot comprises the following elements in percentage by weight:
0.9 to 1.3 percent of Si, 0.13 to 0.40 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, 0.5 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 0.6 to 1.0 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of zn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; wherein the individual content of unavoidable impurities is not more than 0.05%, and the total content is not more than 0.15%;
(2) Casting:
on-line treatment is carried out by adding double strands of titanium boron wires simultaneously, feeding the wires at 160-225cm/min, using 40PPi+50PPi, and carrying out two-stage filtration; the casting water temperature is 10-35 ℃, the casting hot end temperature is 690-700 ℃, the casting speed is 58-61mm/min, and the water flow is 130-150m 3 /h；
(3) And (3) uniformly heat-treating the round ingot:
in the homogenizing heat treatment process, the metal temperature is 490500 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1516 hours, the temperature rising speed is less than or equal to 35 ℃/hour, and after the heat preservation is finished, the air cooling and the water cooling are carried out to below 250 ℃;
(4) Extrusion treatment:
s1, designing an extrusion die:
adopting a backward extrusion die, wherein the working band of the die is 1.5-5.0mm;
s2, the extrusion process is as follows:
adopting a backward extrusion mode, wherein the temperature of a die is 420-460 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 420-460 ℃, and the temperature of a round ingot casting before extrusion is 480-530 ℃; the extrusion speed of the product is 2.0-3.0 m/min;
(5) And (3) cooling treatment:
an air cooling device and a cooling fan are arranged at the outlet of the front beam of the extruder, so that the length of the extruded aluminum alloy product in a cooling zone is more than or equal to 6.0m;
(6) Stretching:
passing the cooled article through a stretcher to produce a tensile deformation of 0.4-2.0%;
(7) Sample heat treatment:
carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the sawed mechanical sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 530-545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60-180min; aging temperature is 160-185 ℃, and heat preservation time is 8-12h; and carrying out solid solution treatment on the sawed low-power sample, wherein the solid solution temperature is 530-545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60-90min.
3. The process for producing 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar for controlling coarse grains after forging according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), double-strand titanium boron wires are simultaneously added for online treatment, wire feeding speed is 200cm/min, 40PPi+50PPi is used, and two-stage filtration is performed; casting water temperature 20 ℃, casting hot end temperature 695 ℃, casting speed 60mm/min and water flow 140m 3 /h。
4. The process for producing 6082 aluminum alloy extruded bar by controlling coarse grain after forging according to claim 2, wherein in the step (3), the metal temperature is 495 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15.8 hours, the heating rate is 35 ℃/hour, and after the temperature is kept, the temperature is cooled by air cooling and water cooling to below 250 ℃.
5. The process for producing 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar with control of coarse grain after forging as set forth in claim 2, wherein in step (4) s2, a back extrusion mode is adopted, the temperature of the die is 450 ℃, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 440-445 ℃, and the temperature of the round ingot casting before extrusion is 507-527 ℃; the extrusion speed of the product is 2.4-2.8 m/min.
6. The process for producing 6082 aluminum alloy extruded rod by controlling post-forging coarse grain as recited in claim 2, wherein in the step (5), the residence time in the cooling zone is 3min, and the product temperature is lowered to 200 ℃ or lower.
7. The process for producing 6082 aluminum alloy extruded bar with control of post-forging coarse grain as recited in claim 2, wherein in the step (6), the cooled product is subjected to 0.8% stretching deformation by a stretcher.
8. The process for producing 6082 aluminum alloy extruded rod by controlling coarse grain after forging according to claim 2, wherein in the step (7), the solid solution temperature is 535 ℃, and the holding time is 120min; aging temperature is 175 ℃, heat preservation time is 8 hours, solid solution temperature is 535 ℃ and heat preservation time is 75 minutes in the heat treatment process of the low-power sample, and a high-performance low-coarse-grain product is obtained.
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