CN116102721A - 一种聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸共聚物及其制备方法和其应用 - Google Patents
一种聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸共聚物及其制备方法和其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116102721A CN116102721A CN202211405926.XA CN202211405926A CN116102721A CN 116102721 A CN116102721 A CN 116102721A CN 202211405926 A CN202211405926 A CN 202211405926A CN 116102721 A CN116102721 A CN 116102721A
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- polyethylene glycol
- mpeg
- copolymer
- polylactic acid
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Abstract
本发明提供一种聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸共聚物及其制备方法和其应用。本发明的方法可通过控制聚乙二醇衍生物与丙交酯的投料比来调节终产品的分子量及性状。通过对起始物料含水量的控制,本发明制备得到的产品分子量分布更加均一。本发明还开发了采用高纯度巯基改性硅胶吸附除锡的方法,其相对传统除锡方法,操作简便,节约成本,尤其可以达到重金属残留未检出的技术效果,特别适合大规模工业化放大生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药技术领域,具体涉及一种可生物降解的聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸共聚物及其制备方法和其应用。
背景技术
高分子医用载体包括天然高分子(如多糖类和蛋白质类)和合成高分子(如均聚物和共聚物)。因均聚物的结构和组成单一而导致性能单一,进而限制其在医用载体方面的应用。采用共聚改性方法制得的共聚物被广泛用作医用载体。聚乙二醇(PEG)具有良好的亲水性和生物相容性而成为最广泛使用的亲水性嵌段,且在体内可避免被网状内皮系统(RES)及肝、脾、肾等器官识别捕获,具有较长的血液循环时间。将聚乳酸和PEG聚合制备的聚乙二醇-聚乳酸高分子嵌段共聚物含有亲水性链段和疏水性链段,且分子上无肽链,无免疫原性,可生物降解且降解产物为体内代谢产物,易于从体内排出而不积蓄,而被开发用作疏水性药物的载体。例如,Samyang公司开发并上市的Genexol-PM,即为紫杉醇的聚乳酸聚乙二醇胶束,2007年在韩国获批上市用于治疗乳腺癌和非小细胞肺癌。
聚乙二醇聚乳酸共聚物的制备需要采用聚乙二醇或其衍生物作为起始剂,并采用锡类催化剂开环聚合丙交酯。但锡类催化剂存在毒性,且亚锡离子易被氧化。为此,需要检测并监控聚乙二醇聚乳酸共聚物中的锡含量在安全范围内,保障使用安全有效。
CN105315444A公开了采用强酸性阳离子交换树脂层析柱纯化聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸的方法,该方法采用0.22μm的微孔滤膜过滤,但操作极其繁琐,不适宜大规模工业化生产,且难以解决共聚物中的锡残留问题。有机溶剂萃取法虽能去除共聚物中的残留锡,但影响生产效率和收率。另外,聚乙二醇聚乳酸共聚物的分子量分布直接与其生物降解周期及填充效果相关,影响共聚物的批间差异和分散稳定性,且有待共聚物的亲水性和生物相容性改善其填充效果。为此,需要开发具有更好亲水性和生物相容性、分子量分布更均一、降解周期更长、安全有效的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物及其制备方法。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明一方面提供一种聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物的制备方法,科学选择聚乙二醇衍生物与丙交酯的投料比及纯化方法以制备符合医用需求的共聚物。
本发明的目的在于提供一种聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物的制备方法,包括下述步骤:
(1)将聚乙二醇衍生物与丙交酯按照重量比为1-10:1称量,在搅拌条件下,将其均匀混合,抽真空并在惰性气体保护下,反应物料在80℃-150℃熔融,再加入0.1%-1%锡催化剂,在80℃-150℃条件下完成聚合反应,制得聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物,其中,所述聚乙二醇衍生物为一个末端羟基发生反应的封端聚乙二醇,所述封端聚乙二醇选自聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG)、乙氧基聚乙二醇、丙氧基聚乙二醇中的任一种或其组合,所述丙交酯选自L-丙交酯、D-丙交酯、DL-丙交酯的任一种或其组合,所述惰性气体选自氮气、氩气、氦气的任一种或其组合,所述锡催化剂选自辛酸亚锡、氯化亚锡、硫酸亚锡、二乙酸二丁基锡、二丁基二苯甲酸锡,二丁基二异氰酸锡、三正丁基甲氧基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、二乙基锡中的任意一种或其组合;
(2)反应结束后,将反应体系降温至20-35℃,在制得的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物中加入其良溶剂,搅拌至完全溶解,制得共聚物溶解液,再采用选自有机溶剂萃取法、柱层析法、活性炭吸附法、改性硅胶柱层析法、改性硅胶吸附法的任一种或其组合的方法除锡,制得除锡液,其中,所述良溶剂选自四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、乙二醇二乙醚、乙二醇二甲醚、甲苯、对二甲苯中的任一种或其组合;
(3)将除锡液过滤,减压浓缩至良性溶剂挥干,在浓缩物中加入聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物的不良溶剂,析出固体,过滤,淋洗滤饼,干燥,制得聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物,其中,所述不良溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丙醇、丁醇、丙酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、乙醚、异丙醚的任一种或其组合,
所述制得的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物分子量分布为1.01-1.5,锡残留<10ppm。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述聚乳酸选自聚左旋乳酸PLLA、聚右旋乳酸PDLA、聚外消旋乳酸PDLLA的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述共聚物由PLLA和mPEG组成,所述mPEG选自mPEG-400、mPEG-1000、mPEG-2000、mPEG-4000、mPEG-5000、mPEG-8000、mPEG-10000的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,对聚乙二醇衍生物和/或丙交酯进行除水的操作。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述除水方法选自共沸溶剂除水、真空除水的任一种或其组合,优选共沸溶剂选自苯、甲苯、二甲苯、二氧六环的任一种或组合。
本发明优选的技术方案中,反应体系中的聚乙二醇衍生物与丙交酯的重量比选自1:1、1.5:1、2:1、2.5:1、3:1、3.5:1、4:1、4.5:1、5:1、5.5:1、6:1、6.5:1、7:1、7.5:1、8:1、8.5:1、9:1、9.5:1、10:1的任一种。
本发明优选的技术方案中,在100℃-140℃条件下完成聚合反应,优选在110℃-135℃条件下完成聚合反应。
本发明优选的技术方案中,完成聚合反应的时间为5-15h,优选为8-12h。
本发明优选的技术方案中,加入0.2%-0.5%锡催化剂。
本发明优选的技术方案中,改性硅胶柱层析法或者改性硅胶吸附法中的改性硅胶为巯基改性硅胶。
本发明优选的技术方案中,改性硅胶柱层析法或者改性硅胶吸附法中的改性硅胶为高纯度巯基改性硅胶。
本发明优选的技术方案中,改性硅胶吸附法中所用硅胶量占待纯化共聚物的质量百分数为0.5%-2%,优选为1%-1.5%。
本发明优选的技术方案中,制备所得共聚物的重均分子量为2000Da-25000Da,优选为4000Da-22000Da,更优选为10000Da-13000Da。
本发明优选的技术方案中,制得共聚物的分子量分布为1.02-1.25。
本发明优选的技术方案中,制得共聚物的锡残留为<9ppm、<8ppm、<7ppm、<6ppm、<5ppm、<4ppm、<3ppm、<2ppm、<1ppm的任一种。
本发明优选的技术方案中,制得共聚物的锡残留为未检出。
本发明还提供以上制备方法制得的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物的水溶液的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:
将纯化后的共聚物,加入至水中搅拌至完全溶解,将溶液转移至容量瓶中用水定容,将定容后的溶液用滤膜过滤,所述滤膜的孔径选自1μm、0.45μm、0.22μm的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述水选自超纯水、蒸馏水、去离子水的任一种或其组合。
本发明还提供一种上述制备方法得到的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物在制备作为疏水性药物的载体中的应用。
本发明还提供一种上述制备方法得到的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物在制备作为医疗美容类产品中的应用。
本发明还提供一种上述制备方法得到的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物在制备作为可生物降解的注射填充剂中的应用。
本发明的优选技术方案中,所述填充剂的填充部位选自面部、颈部、腹部、胸部、臀部、大腿、小腿、上臂、下臂的任一种或其组合。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种组合物,所述组合物包含由以上制备方法得到的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述组合物中的共聚物的分子量为7000Da-1,5000Da。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述组合物中的共聚物的分子量为9000Da-1,4000Da。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述组合物中的共聚物的分子量为1,2000Da-1,4000Da。在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述组合物还包含多元醇、氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核酸、维生素、多糖及局部类麻醉剂中的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述组合物还包含聚乙烯醇、明胶、阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、硫酸软骨素、透明质酸、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、淀粉、果胶酸、肝素、葡萄糖、β-环糊精、壳聚糖、海藻酸钠中的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述组合物制成液体针剂或粉针剂。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述液体针剂选自水凝胶、混悬液、溶液中的任一种。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述粉针剂为冻干粉针剂。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述冻干粉针剂包含悬浮稳定剂、表面活性剂和缓冲剂中的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述的悬浮稳定剂选自蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、果糖、葡聚糖、甘露醇、海藻糖、山梨醇、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、低聚糖醇、聚乙二醇的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述的表面活性剂选自硬脂酸、十二烷基磺酸钠、卵磷脂、烷基葡糖苷、聚山梨酸酯、脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、泊洛沙姆的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,所述的缓冲剂选自磷酸-磷酸盐、柠檬酸-柠檬酸盐、EDTA-EDTA盐、枸橼酸-枸橼酸盐的任一种或其组合。
本发明的还在于提供所述组合物的联用方式,将所述组合物与其他类型注射填充物、麻醉剂、消炎剂、抗过敏剂的任一种或其组合联合使用。
本发明的优选技术方案中,所述的其他类型注射填充物选自胶原蛋白、透明质酸、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酰胺、硅胶、自体脂肪的任一种或其组合。
本发明的优选技术方案中,所述的麻醉剂选自利多卡因、普鲁卡因、丁卡因、布比卡因、罗哌卡因、双氯芬酸、吗啡、氢可酮、氧可酮、可待因、芬太尼、戊巴比妥钠、苯巴比妥钠、硫喷妥钠、氯醛糖、氨基甲酸乙酯、水合氯醛的任一种或其组合。
本发明的优选技术方案中,所述的消炎剂选自类固醇类消炎剂、非类固醇类消炎剂的任一种或其组合。
本发明的优选技术方案中,所述的类固醇类消炎剂选自氟轻松、氢化可的松、倍他米松的任一种或其组合。
本发明的优选技术方案中,所述的非类固醇类消炎剂选自阿司匹林、水杨酸镁、水杨酸钠、水杨酸胆碱镁、二氟尼柳、双水杨酸酯、布洛芬、吲哚美辛、氟比洛芬、苯氧基布洛芬、萘普生、萘丁美酮、吡罗昔康、保泰松、双氯灭痛、芬洛芬、酮基布洛芬、酮咯酸、四氯芬那酸、舒林酸、托美丁的任一种或其组合。
本发明的优选技术方案中,所述的抗过敏剂选自苯海拉明、异丙嗪、氯苯那敏、色甘酸钠、酮替芬、倍他司汀、孟鲁斯特、扎鲁斯特、沙丁胺醇、葡萄糖酸钙、肾上腺糖皮质激素的任一种或其组合。
为了清楚地表述本发明的保护范围,本发明对下述术语做如下界定:
1、本发明所述的聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸共聚物微粒的“粒径”,指粒径分布中占90%所对应的粒径(D90)。
2、本发明所述聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸共聚物微粒的“粒度分布”采用超高速智能粒度分析仪,在2.0barg空气压力条件下,35%的进样速度,1.50mm的料斗间隙测定得到。
3、本发明所述聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸共聚物微粒的“扫描电镜图”采用扫描电子显微镜(型号:Thermo-Prisma E)放大5000倍检测得到。
除非另有说明,本发明采用下述方法检测共聚物分子量、共聚物中的锡含量和L-丙交酯残留量。
1、本发明采用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)法(中国药典2020年版四部通则0514)检测共聚物分子量。
供试品溶液取本品适量,精密称定,加三氯甲烷溶解并稀释制成每1ml中约含10mg的溶液,用0.22μm的有机滤膜过滤,取续滤液。
对照品溶液分别取5-6个不同分子量的聚苯乙烯对照品适量,精密称定,加三氯甲烷溶解并稀释制成每1ml中各约含对照品2mg的溶液,溶解,混匀。
色谱条件采用凝胶色谱柱(Styragel HR 4E THF,7.8×300mm或效能相当的色谱柱);流动相为三氯甲烷;流速为每分钟0.7ml;检测器为示差折光检测器;柱温为35℃;进样体积10μL。
测定法精密量取供试品溶液及对照品溶液,分别注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图。由GPC软件分别计算出对照品溶液的回归方程与供试品的重均分子量(Mw)、数均分子量(Mn)及分子量分布(Mw/Mn)。
2、本发明采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)法(中国药典2020年版四部通则0412)检测共聚物的锡含量。
溶剂2%硝酸溶液供试品溶液取本品约250mg,精密称定,置消解罐(55-TMF)中,加入硝酸8ml,照拟定条件消解。消解完成后用溶剂少量多次冲洗消解罐合并转移至25ml量瓶中,用溶剂稀释至刻度,摇匀,再精密量取1ml至10ml量瓶中,并加入内标溶液0.1ml,用溶剂稀释至刻度,摇匀,作为供试品溶液。空白溶液取硝酸8ml置消解罐(55-TMF)中照拟定条件消解。消解完成后用溶剂少量多次冲洗消解罐合并转移至25ml量瓶中,用溶剂稀释至刻度,摇匀,再精密量取1ml至10ml量瓶中,并加入内标溶液0.1ml,用溶剂稀释至刻度,摇匀,作为空白溶液。内标溶液精密量取铟标准溶液0.050ml,置100ml量瓶中,用溶剂稀释至刻度,摇匀。标准曲线溶液精密量取锡单元素标准溶液适量,用溶剂稀释制成每1ml约含锡元素600ng的溶液,作为贮备液;精密量取该溶液0ml、0.1ml、0.5ml、1.0ml、1.5ml、2.0ml,分别置10ml量瓶中,精密加入内标溶液0.1ml,用2%硝酸溶液稀释至刻度,摇匀,即得。分别作为Linear1~Linear6。测定法取标准曲线溶液注入电感耦合等离子体质谱仪,记录质谱图。以待测元素分析峰响应值与内标元素参比峰响应值的比值为纵坐标,浓度为横坐标,绘制标准曲线,计算回归方程,相关系数(r)应不小于0.99。再取供试品溶液与空白溶液,分别注入电感耦合等离子体质谱仪,记录质谱图,按照标准曲线法以空白校正计算待测元素的含量。
3、本发明采用气相色谱法(中国药典2020年版四部通则0521)检测共聚物中的L-丙交酯残留量。
供试品溶液取本品适量,精密称定,加二氯甲烷溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含10mg的溶液。
对照品溶液取L-丙交酯适量,精密称定,用二氯甲烷溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中含0.2mg的溶液。
色谱条件色谱柱(Agilent HP-5,30m×0.32mm,0.25μm或效能相当的色谱柱);起始温度为80℃,以每分钟10℃的速率升温至170℃,维持1分钟;进样口温度为160℃;检测器为氢火焰离子化检测器(FID),温度为250℃;载气为氮气,流速为每分钟2.5ml,分流比10:1;进样体积1μl。
测定法精密量取供试品溶液与对照品溶液,分别注入气相色谱仪,记录色谱图。
除非另有说明,本发明涉及液体与液体之间的百分比时,所述的百分比为体积/体积百分比;本发明涉及液体与固体之间的百分比时,所述百分比为体积/重量百分比;本发明涉及固体与液体之间的百分比时,所述百分比为重量/体积百分比;其余为重量/重量百分比。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有下述有益效果:
1.本发明一是采用巯基改性硅胶对中间反应产物去除锡催化剂残留,将锡残留除至未检出的水平,保障使用安全;二是采用了改性硅胶直接对溶液吸附除锡的方法,其相对柱层析的纯化方法,操作简便,降低能耗和生产成本,尤其适合大规模工业化放大生产,具有重要的产业价值;三是对共聚物制备原料进行了除水操作,通过减少反应体系中的水分,提高了反应效率,制得分子量分布更加集中的共聚物;四是科学筛选第一溶剂和第二溶剂,提高共聚物的纯度和质量,且避免了使用低沸点高毒性乙醚溶剂的安全隐患,提高纯化效率和收率。
2.本发明研究了共聚物制备原料中聚乙二醇单甲醚与丙交酯的不同投料比对终产品的分子量、经合适溶剂配制后制剂性状的影响,制得满足不同需求的药物载体或者医疗美容产品。
3.本发明的制备方法得到的聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸共聚物具有显著改善的亲水性和生物相容性,显著提高了共聚物的细胞黏附能力,显著延长了共聚物降解周期,并具有稳定性好,利于刺激并加快注射部位的胶原蛋白生长,更加安全有效等优点。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下文中将对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
本发明实施例中所采用的高纯度巯基改性硅胶购自万松红(广州)贸易有限公司。
实施例1本发明mPEG-PLLA的制备
在三口瓶中加入40g L-丙交酯和160g分子量为5000的聚乙二醇单甲醚,200rpm搅拌条件下,向反应体系中通入氮气或氩气30min后,油浴升温至120℃熔融;加入0.6g辛酸亚锡,120℃恒温反应10h;至反应结束后,反应体系降至室温,加入200ml二氯甲烷,溶解反应产物;在反应产物溶解液中加入1g高纯度巯基改性硅胶,搅拌2h;0.45μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,再向浓缩物中缓慢加入异丙醚3000ml,滴加完成后,继续搅拌0.5h,析出固体,滤纸过滤,收集滤饼,用异丙醚淋洗后,将其置于40~60℃真空干燥,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物168g。
采用本发明的方法检测,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物的分子量为Mw15026Da,Mn10889Da,Mw/Mn=1.38。锡残留8ppm。L-丙交酯残留量0.33%。
实施例2本发明mPEG-PLLA的制备
在三口瓶中加入40g L-丙交酯和160g分子量为5000的聚乙二醇单甲醚,200rpm搅拌条件下,向反应体系中通入氮气或氩气30min后,油浴升温至120℃熔融;加入0.6g辛酸亚锡,120℃恒温反应10h;至反应结束后,反应体系降至室温,加入200ml二氯甲烷,溶解反应产物;在反应产物溶解液中加入2g高纯度巯基改性硅胶,搅拌2h;0.45μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,再向浓缩物中缓慢加入异丙醚3000ml,滴加完成后,继续搅拌0.5h,析出固体,滤纸过滤,收集滤饼,用异丙醚淋洗后,将其置于30~50℃真空干燥,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物173g。
采用本发明的方法检测,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物的分子量为Mw14241Da,Mn10395Da,Mw/Mn=1.37。锡残留3ppm。L-丙交酯残留量0.28%。
实施例3本发明mPEG-PLLA的制备
在三口瓶中加入40g L-丙交酯和160g分子量为5000的聚乙二醇单甲醚,200rpm搅拌条件下,向反应体系中通入氮气或氩气30min后,油浴升温至120℃熔融;加入0.6g辛酸亚锡,120℃恒温反应10h;至反应结束后,反应体系降至室温,加入200ml二氯甲烷,溶解反应产物;在反应产物溶解液中加入3g高纯度巯基改性硅胶,搅拌2h;0.45μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,再向浓缩物中缓慢加入异丙醚3000ml,滴加完成后,继续搅拌0.5h,析出固体,滤纸过滤,收集滤饼,用异丙醚淋洗后,将其置于30~50℃真空干燥,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物170g。
采用本发明的方法检测,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物的分子量为Mw12638Da,Mn9503Da,Mw/Mn=1.33。锡残留未检出。L-丙交酯残留量0.26%。
实施例4本发明mPEG-PLLA的制备
在三口瓶中加入40g L-丙交酯和160g分子量为5000的聚乙二醇单甲醚,200rpm搅拌条件下,向反应体系中通入氮气或氩气30min后,油浴升温至120℃熔融;加入0.6g辛酸亚锡,120℃恒温反应10h;至反应结束后,反应体系降至室温,加入200ml二氯甲烷,溶解反应产物;在反应产物溶解液中加入3g高纯度巯基改性硅胶,搅拌2h;0.45μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,再向浓缩物中缓慢加入异丙醚5000ml,滴加完成后,继续搅拌0.5h,析出固体,滤纸过滤,收集滤饼,用异丙醚淋洗后,将其置于30~50℃真空干燥,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物182g。
采用本发明的方法检测,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物的分子量为Mw12858Da,Mn9525Da,Mw/Mn=1.35。锡残留未检出。L-丙交酯残留量0.31%。
实施例5本发明mPEG-PLLA的制备
在三口瓶中加入40g L-丙交酯和160g分子量为5000的聚乙二醇单甲醚,200rpm搅拌条件下,向反应体系中通入氮气或氩气30min后,油浴升温至120℃熔融;加入0.6g辛酸亚锡,120℃恒温反应10h;至反应结束后,反应体系降至室温,加入200ml二氯甲烷,溶解反应产物;在反应产物溶解液中加入10g活性炭,搅拌10h;0.22μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,再向浓缩物中缓慢加入异丙醚5000ml,滴加完成后,继续搅拌0.5h,析出固体,滤纸过滤,收集滤饼,用异丙醚淋洗后,将其置于30~50℃真空干燥,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物180g。
采用本发明的方法检测,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物的分子量为Mw14571Da,Mn10874Da,Mw/Mn=1.34。锡残留为80.5ppm。L-丙交酯残留量0.29%。
实施例6本发明mPEG-PLLA的制备
在三口瓶中加入40g L-丙交酯和160g分子量为5000的聚乙二醇单甲醚,200rpm搅拌条件下,向反应体系中通入氮气或氩气30min后,油浴升温至120℃熔融;加入0.6g辛酸亚锡,120℃恒温反应10h;至反应结束后,反应体系降至室温,加入200ml二氯甲烷,溶解反应产物;在反应产物溶解液中加入10g活性炭,搅拌10h;0.22μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,再向浓缩物中缓慢加入异丙醚5000ml,滴加完成后,继续搅拌0.5h,析出固体,滤纸过滤,收集滤饼,用异丙醚淋洗后,将其置于30~50℃真空干燥,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物184g。
采用本发明的方法检测,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物的分子量为Mw15577Da,Mn11048Da,Mw/Mn=1.41。锡残留为74.40ppm。L-丙交酯残留量0.27%。
实施例7本发明mPEG-PLLA的制备
在三口瓶中加入40g L-丙交酯和160g分子量为5000的聚乙二醇单甲醚,200rpm搅拌条件下,向反应体系中通入氮气或氩气30min后,油浴升温至120℃熔融;加入0.6g辛酸亚锡,120℃恒温反应10h;至反应结束后,反应体系降至室温,加入200ml二氯甲烷,溶解反应产物;采用高纯度巯基改性硅胶进行柱层析纯化,采用二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯混合溶剂为洗脱剂;层析液蒸馏,除去大部分溶剂,缓慢滴入异丙醚5000ml,滴加完成后继续搅拌0.5h,析出固体,过滤,使用异丙醚淋洗滤饼,滤饼30~50℃真空干燥,得mPEG-PLLA共聚物171g。
采用本发明的方法检测,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物的分子量为Mw12551Da,Mn9030Da,Mw/Mn=1.39。锡残留未检出。L-丙交酯残留量0.10%。
实施例8本发明mPEG-PLLA的制备
取分子量为5000的聚乙二醇单甲醚样品400g,加入至圆底烧杯中,加入甲苯800ml,将烧瓶连接油水分离器,放入至120℃油浴中共沸除水5小时;共沸后对样品进行旋蒸,除去残留的甲苯,并密封保存;样品除水前含水量1.13%,除水后含水量0.0103%;在三口瓶中加入40g L-丙交酯和160g聚乙二醇单甲醚,200rpm搅拌条件下,向反应体系中通入氮气或氩气30min后,油浴升温至120℃熔融;加入0.6g辛酸亚锡,120℃恒温反应10h;至反应结束后,反应体系降至室温,加入200ml二氯甲烷,溶解反应产物;在反应产物溶解液中加入3g高纯度巯基改性硅胶,搅拌2h;0.45μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,再向浓缩物中缓慢加入异丙醚5000ml,滴加完成后,继续搅拌0.5h,析出固体,滤纸过滤,收集滤饼,用异丙醚淋洗后,将其置于30~50℃真空干燥,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物185g。
采用本发明的方法检测,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物的分子量为Mw14425Da,Mn12766Da,Mw/Mn=1.13。锡残留未检出。L-丙交酯残留量0.28%。
实施例9本发明mPEG-PLLA的制备
取丙交酯样品400g,加入至圆底烧杯中,加入甲苯800ml,将烧瓶连接油水分离器,放入至120℃油浴中共沸除水5小时;共沸后对样品进行旋蒸,除去残留的甲苯,并密封保存;样品除水前含水量0.685%,除水后含水量0.05%;在三口瓶中加入40g除水L-丙交酯和160g除水聚乙二醇单甲醚(样品同实施例8),200rpm搅拌条件下,向反应体系中通入氮气或氩气30min后,油浴升温至120℃熔融;加入0.6g辛酸亚锡,120℃恒温反应10h;至反应结束后,反应体系降至室温,加入200ml二氯甲烷,溶解反应产物;在反应产物溶解液中加入3g高纯度巯基改性硅胶,搅拌2h;0.45μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,再向浓缩物中缓慢加入异丙醚5000ml,滴加完成后,继续搅拌0.5h,析出固体,滤纸过滤,收集滤饼,用异丙醚淋洗后,将其置于30~50℃真空干燥,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物187g。
采用本发明的方法检测,制得mPEG-PLLA共聚物的分子量为Mw13990Da,Mn12835Da,Mw/Mn=1.09。锡残留未检出。L-丙交酯残留量0.26%。
实施例10-13本发明mPEG-PLLA制剂的制备
实施例10-13的mPEG-PLLA制备方法中除所用聚乙二醇单甲醚与丙交酯的投料量不同外,其余条件同实施例9。
分别称取实施例9-13的mPEG-PLLA各15g,将其加入至超纯水中搅拌,将溶液转移至100ml容量瓶中,用超纯水定容至刻度。取定容后溶液用0.45μm滤膜过滤,观察各制剂的外观。结果见表1。具体见表1。
表1
实施例14-15本发明mPEG-PLLA的体外降解实验
实施例14-15的mPEG-PLLA制备方法中除所用聚乙二醇单甲醚的分子量不同外,其余实验条件同实施例9。
将实施例9、14-15制得的聚乙二醇单甲醚聚乳酸共聚物参照实施例10-13的方法分别制备为胶束溶液,密封后,放入37℃恒温干燥箱中。定期取出样品进行冷冻干燥后,采用本发明的方法检测其分子量的变化。共检测12周。结果见下表2。
表2
虽然本发明所揭露的实施例如上,但所述的内容仅为便于理解本发明而采用的实施方式,并非用以限定本发明。任何本发明所属领域内的技术人员,在不脱离本发明所揭露的精神和范围的前提下,可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化,但本发明的专利保护范围,仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物的制备方法,包括下述步骤:
(1)将聚乙二醇衍生物与丙交酯按照重量比为1-10:1称量,在搅拌条件下,将其均匀混合,抽真空并在惰性气体保护下,反应物料在80℃-150℃熔融,再加入0.1%-1%锡催化剂,在80℃-150℃条件下完成聚合反应,制得聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物,其中,所述聚乙二醇衍生物为一个末端羟基发生反应的封端聚乙二醇,所述封端聚乙二醇选自聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG)、乙氧基聚乙二醇、丙氧基聚乙二醇中的任一种或其组合,所述丙交酯选自L-丙交酯、D-丙交酯、DL-丙交酯的任一种或其组合,所述惰性气体选自氮气、氩气、氦气的任一种或其组合,所述锡催化剂选自辛酸亚锡、氯化亚锡、硫酸亚锡、二乙酸二丁基锡、二丁基二苯甲酸锡,二丁基二异氰酸锡、三正丁基甲氧基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、二乙基锡中的任意一种或其组合;
(2)反应结束后,将反应体系降温至20-35℃,在制得的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物中加入其良溶剂,搅拌至完全溶解,制得共聚物溶解液,再采用选自有机溶剂萃取法、柱层析法、活性炭吸附法、改性硅胶柱层析法、改性硅胶吸附法的任一种或其组合的方法除锡,制得除锡液,其中,所述良溶剂选自四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、乙二醇二乙醚、乙二醇二甲醚、甲苯、对二甲苯中的任一种或其组合;
(3)将除锡液过滤,减压浓缩至良性溶剂挥干,在浓缩物中加入聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物的不良溶剂,析出固体,过滤,淋洗滤饼,干燥,制得聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物,其中,所述不良溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丙醇、丁醇、丙酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、乙醚、异丙醚的任一种或其组合,
所述制得的聚乙二醇衍生物聚乳酸共聚物分子量分布为1.01-1.5,锡残留<10ppm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述聚乳酸选自聚左旋乳酸PLLA、聚右旋乳酸PDLA和聚外消旋乳酸PDLLA的任一种或其组合。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述共聚物由PLLA和mPEG组成,所述mPEG选自mPEG-400、mPEG-1000、mPEG-2000、mPEG-4000、mPEG-5000、mPEG-8000和mPEG-10000的任一种或其组合。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:对聚乙二醇衍生物和/或丙交酯进行除水的操作。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:在100℃-140℃条件下完成聚合反应,优选在110℃-135℃条件下完成聚合反应。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:完成聚合反应的时间为5-15h,优选为8-12h。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:加入0.2%-0.5%锡催化剂。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:改性硅胶柱层析法或者改性硅胶吸附法中的改性硅胶为巯基改性硅胶。
9.权利要求1-8任一项所述的制备方法制备得到的共聚物在制备作为疏水性药物的载体中的应用。
10.权利要求1-8任一项所述的制备方法制备得到的共聚物在制备作为医疗美容类产品中的应用。
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