CN116094460A - Photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector - Google Patents
Photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector Download PDFInfo
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- CN116094460A CN116094460A CN202310215129.3A CN202310215129A CN116094460A CN 116094460 A CN116094460 A CN 116094460A CN 202310215129 A CN202310215129 A CN 202310215129A CN 116094460 A CN116094460 A CN 116094460A
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/185—Electrical failure alarms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
- H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
- H02J13/0004—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers involved in a protection system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector, wherein a main control module and a power supply module are respectively and electrically connected with a signal acquisition and filtering module, a tripping module, a display module, a storage module, a time module, a communication module and an alarm module, and the main control module comprises a main control MCU; according to the invention, through the cooperation of the main control module, the signal acquisition and filtering module, the tripping module, the display module, the storage module, the time module, the communication module and the alarm module, the direct current signal acquisition can be carried out at each branch inlet end of the junction box, when a direct current series arc fault occurs in a certain line, the direct current circuit breaker can be disconnected in the junction box to cut off the fault line, so that the effect of extinguishing the fault arc is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronics, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic direct-current fault arc protector.
Background
Photovoltaic power generation systems are considered as green energy power generation systems that are safe and environmentally friendly. In recent years, with the continuous development of the photovoltaic industry, the fire problem caused by the electrical fault of the photovoltaic system is increasingly prominent, for example, a certain company has to recall products due to arc burning of the junction box caused by welding problems, so that huge economic loss is caused. Photovoltaic system failure arcs can cause fires in residential buildings, commercial facilities, public facilities, and the like. Because the direct-current fault arc has no current zero crossing point, in a photovoltaic system, the output voltage of a direct-current end increases along with the increase of a photovoltaic array, and can be from tens of volts to hundreds of volts or even kilovolts, and if arc discharge occurs, the direct-current fault arc with high voltage is more dangerous than the alternating-current fault arc. The energy of the direct current fault arc is large, and the damage to the loop and the equipment is extremely large.
In an actual photovoltaic direct current system, existing protection devices such as fuses, circuit breakers and the like can only monitor and protect fault conditions such as overcurrent, short circuit and the like which possibly occur in the system. The conventional protection devices cannot detect and protect the fault arc in the direct current loop, and if the fault arc can be detected in time and the circuit is disconnected in the initial stage of the fault arc occurrence, serious consequences such as fire disaster can be avoided. It is therefore desirable to provide a photovoltaic dc fault arc protector that addresses the above-described issues.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector, which can collect direct current signals at the inlet ends of all branches of a junction box through the matching of a main control module, a signal collecting and filtering module, a tripping module, a display module, a storage module, a time module, a communication module and an alarm module, and when a direct current series arc fault occurs in a certain line, the direct current breaker can be disconnected inside the junction box to cut off the fault line, so that the effect of extinguishing the fault arc is achieved, and the problems in the background art are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector, includes main control module, power module, signal acquisition and filter module, tripping module, display module, storage module, time module, communication module and alarm module, main control module and power module all with signal acquisition and filter module, tripping module, display module, storage module, time module, communication module and alarm module electric connection respectively, main control module includes main control MCU, main control MCU sets up to STM32F405RGT6 chip, main control MCU embeds FFT hardware storehouse and arc detection software, arc detection software includes current waveform AD sampling, characteristic extraction and fault arc waveform diagnosis, signal acquisition and filter module includes mutual inductor and ceramic filter, mutual inductor and ceramic filter all with main control MCU electric connection, tripping module and alarm module all with display module electric connection.
Preferably, the signal acquisition and filtering module is used for completing direct current acquisition of a direct current side line of the photovoltaic power station, the sampling frequency of the signal acquisition and filtering module is 10kHz, the sampling channels are two channels, an internal timing DMA interrupt triggering mode is adopted, the single-time data acquisition triggering period is 100us, and the original data are temporarily stored in the storage module and are used for the requirement of a subsequent direct current arc fault criterion algorithm.
Preferably, the tripping module comprises a triode and a relay, and the tripping module mainly outputs pulse signals for controlling an external direct current contactor.
Preferably, the memory module comprises a memory, the memory is set to be an SRAM memory, the memory comprises a W25X40 chip, and the memory is connected with the main control MCU through an SPI interface.
Preferably, the time module comprises a built-in clock, the built-in clock is arranged in the main control MCU, when the main control MCU is connected with a telecommunication network through the communication module, the network time can be automatically read, the built-in time of the main control MCU is configured, the built-in clock automatically and independently operates, and when a data frame is sent to the cloud platform, the equipment time is provided by the built-in clock of the main control MCU.
Preferably, the communication module is set as a 4G communication module, the 4G communication module is set as an ML302 module, the ML302 module is connected with a master MCU, the ML302 module supports TD-LTE/FDD-LTE communication system, the ML302 module comprises an ML302 chip, and an LCC+LGA package is adopted in a packaging mode of the ML302 chip.
Preferably, the master control MCU configures an ML302 module through an AT command, the ML302 module is electrically connected with a cloud MQTT server in an MQTT client mode, and the ML302 module supports Windows, linux and Android driving.
Preferably, the power supply module comprises a switching power supply module, the switching power supply module comprises a BM1084 chip, two ends of the BM1084 chip are respectively connected with a capacitor C16 and a capacitor C17, one end of the capacitor C16 is connected with an alternating current polar capacitor EC3, one end of the capacitor C17 is connected with an alternating current polar capacitor EC5, and the capacitance values of the alternating current polar capacitor EC3 and the alternating current polar capacitor EC5 are set differently.
Preferably, one end of the transformer is connected with a transient suppression diode TVS1, one end of the transient suppression diode TVS1 is connected with a capacitor C2, one end of the ceramic filter is connected with a triode Q3, and one end of the triode is connected with an inductor L2.
Preferably, the display module comprises an operation indicator lamp and an alarm indicator lamp, the alarm module comprises a buzzer, and the buzzer, the operation indicator lamp and the alarm indicator lamp are electrically connected with the tripping module.
Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector provided by the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the direct current signal acquisition can be carried out at each branch inlet end of the junction box by matching the main control module, the signal acquisition and filtering module, the tripping module, the display module, the storage module, the time module, the communication module and the alarm module, and when a direct current series arc fault occurs in a certain line, the direct current breaker can be disconnected inside the junction box to cut off the fault line, so that the effect of extinguishing the fault arc is achieved; the protector is mainly embedded into the photovoltaic power station combiner box for use, a direct current fault arc function is detected in real time in a photovoltaic system, and when a main control MCU detects that a fault arc signal occurs, a tripping module is automatically controlled to cut off a load and give out corresponding alarm information, so that fire is effectively prevented from occurring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a trip module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a master MCU of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a power module of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a communication module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a memory module according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a signal acquisition flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flow chart of arc fault determination according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector as shown in fig. 1-8, which comprises a main control module, a power supply module, a signal acquisition and filtering module, a tripping module, a display module, a storage module, a time module, a communication module and an alarm module, wherein the main control module and the power supply module are respectively and electrically connected with the signal acquisition and filtering module, the tripping module, the display module, the storage module, the time module, the communication module and the alarm module, the main control module comprises a main control MCU, the main control MCU is set as an STM32F405RGT6 chip, the STM32F405RGT6 chip is packaged by QFP-64, an external 8M crystal oscillator clock is shown in fig. 3, and the main control MCU inputs information data of the signal acquisition and filtering module, outputs and controls the tripping module, the display module and the alarm module. Processing and storing data, communicating with a cloud platform in real time, wherein a main control MCU is internally provided with an FFT hardware library and arc detection software, the main control MCU also contains rich library functions to finish FFT operation of signal processing, the arc detection software comprises current waveform AD sampling, feature extraction and fault arc waveform diagnosis, a signal acquisition and filtering module comprises a transformer and a ceramic filter, the transformer and the ceramic filter are electrically connected with the main control MCU and are used for monitoring current change in a photovoltaic system, current signals are sent to the main control MCU, the current acquisition signals are acquired by the main control MCU and then are sent to the ceramic filter for filtering processing, and then are input to the main control MCU for time domain and frequency domain operation processing, so that whether fault arcs really occur or not is identified, and a tripping module and an alarm module are electrically connected with a display module, and when the main control MCU detects that the fault arc signals occur, the tripping module is automatically controlled to cut off loads and give corresponding alarm information;
the signal acquisition and filtering module is used for completing direct current acquisition of a direct current side line of the photovoltaic power station, the sampling frequency of the signal acquisition and filtering module is 10kHz, sampling channels are two channels, an internal timing DMA interrupt triggering mode is adopted, the single data acquisition triggering period is 100us, the original data are temporarily stored in the storage module and are used for the requirement of a subsequent direct current arc fault criterion algorithm, as shown in fig. 8, the arc fault criterion algorithm mainly completes real-time judgment on whether an arc fault occurs, and the main flow is as follows:
firstly, a group of original data is read, noise reduction processing, time domain processing and frequency domain FFT processing are carried out on the original signals, a current variance value in a time domain is used as a time domain criterion, a frequency spectrum energy value in a 50-75KHz frequency band in a frequency domain is used as a frequency domain criterion, and the time domain criterion and the frequency domain criterion are combined to judge whether a direct current arc fault occurs.
If no DC arc fault occurs, the data of the group is taken again to continue judgment. If the direct current arc faults occur, the fault information is required to be framed, a tripping module is started to cut off a line, an alarm module is started to alarm faults, the fault information is packaged and sent to the cloud platform through a communication module, and the fault information is stored in a storage module.
As shown in fig. 2, the trip module includes a triode and a relay, and the trip module mainly outputs a pulse signal for controlling an external direct current contactor.
As shown in fig. 6, the storage module includes a memory, the memory is set to be an SRAM memory, the memory includes a W25X40 chip, the memory is connected to the master control MCU through an SPI interface, the master control MCU communicates with the cloud platform through a communication module, relevant configuration parameters need to be stored in an external storage module, after the master control MCU is powered on, the master control MCU needs to re-read the parameters of the storage module and perform relevant parameter configuration, and in addition, the master control MCU stores fault record information into the storage module.
The time module comprises a built-in clock, the built-in clock is arranged in the main control MCU, when the main control MCU is connected with a telecommunication network through the communication module, the network time can be automatically read, the built-in time of the main control MCU is reconfigured, the built-in clock automatically and independently operates, and when a data frame is sent to the cloud platform, the equipment time is provided by the built-in clock of the main control MCU.
As shown in fig. 5, the communication module is set as a 4G communication module, the 4G communication module is set as an ML302 module, the ML302 module is connected with the master control MCU, the ML302 module supports the TD-LTE/FDD-LTE communication system, the ML302 module includes an ML302 chip, and the packaging mode of the ML302 chip adopts lcc+lga packaging.
The main control MCU configures an ML302 module through an AT command, the ML302 module is electrically connected with a cloud MQTT server in an MQTT client mode, the ML302 module supports Windows, linux and Android driving, the ML302 module is an LTE Cat.1 module recently introduced by China mobile, and the ML302 module has rich Internet protocol, industry standard interfaces and functions, and can be widely applied to multiple fields of M2M, such as sharing, financial payment, POC, industrial control and the like; MQTT (message queue telemetry transport) is a message protocol based on the publish/subscribe paradigm under the ISO standard (ISO/IEC PRF 20922). The system works on the TCP/IP protocol family, is a publish/subscribe type message protocol designed for remote equipment with low hardware performance and under the condition of poor network condition, and needs a message middleware for the system, wherein the MQT is a message publish/subscribe transmission protocol based on a client-server; the MQTT protocol is lightweight, simple, open and easy to implement, which makes it very versatile.
As shown in fig. 4, the power supply module includes a switch power supply module, the switch power supply module includes a BM1084 chip, two ends of the BM1084 chip are respectively connected with a capacitor C16 and a capacitor C17, one end of the capacitor C16 is connected with an ac polarity capacitor EC3, one end of the capacitor C17 is connected with an ac polarity capacitor EC5, the capacitance values of the ac polarity capacitor EC3 and the ac polarity capacitor EC5 are set differently, the main function of the power supply module is to provide appropriate power supply for each module, and 220V/50Hz ac power supply introduced from outside is provided for other modules through the switch power supply module.
One end of the transformer is connected with a transient suppression diode TVS1, one end of the transient suppression diode TVS1 is connected with a capacitor C2, one end of the ceramic filter is connected with a triode Q3, and one end of the triode is connected with an inductor L2.
The display module comprises an operation indicator lamp and an alarm indicator lamp, the alarm module comprises a buzzer, and the buzzer, the operation indicator lamp and the alarm indicator lamp are electrically connected with the tripping module.
As shown in fig. 7, the specific signal acquisition process is that firstly, a timer, a DMI, an SPI SRAM, an AD sample, a timer, and an AD acquisition data are initialized, and when the timing period arrives, the AD acquisition data are read and stored in the SRAM, and the AD sample is started, and when the timing period does not arrive, the sampling is stopped.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector, includes main control module, power module, signal acquisition and filtering module, tripping operation module, display module, storage module, time module, communication module and alarm module, its characterized in that: the main control module and the power module are respectively and electrically connected with the signal acquisition and filtering module, the tripping module, the display module, the storage module, the time module, the communication module and the alarm module, the main control module comprises a main control MCU, the main control MCU is set to be an STM32F405RGT6 chip, the main control MCU is internally provided with an FFT hardware library and arc detection software, the arc detection software comprises current waveform AD sampling, feature extraction and fault arc waveform diagnosis, the signal acquisition and filtering module comprises a transformer and a ceramic filter, the transformer and the ceramic filter are electrically connected with the main control MCU, and the tripping module and the alarm module are electrically connected with the display module.
2. A photovoltaic dc fault arc protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal acquisition and filtering module is used for completing direct current acquisition of a direct current side line of the photovoltaic power station, the sampling frequency of the signal acquisition and filtering module is 10kHz, sampling channels are two channels, an internal timing DMA interrupt triggering mode is adopted, the single-time data acquisition triggering period is 100us, and original data are temporarily stored in the storage module and used for the requirement of a subsequent direct current arc fault criterion algorithm.
3. A photovoltaic dc fault arc protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tripping module comprises a triode and a relay, and is mainly used for outputting pulse signals for controlling an external direct current contactor.
4. A photovoltaic dc fault arc protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the memory module comprises a memory, the memory is set to be an SRAM memory, the memory comprises a W25X40 chip, and the memory is connected with the master control MCU through an SPI interface.
5. A photovoltaic dc fault arc protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the time module comprises a built-in clock, the built-in clock is arranged in the main control MCU, when the main control MCU is connected with a telecommunication network through the communication module, the network time can be automatically read, the built-in time of the main control MCU is configured, the built-in clock automatically and independently operates, and when a data frame is sent to the cloud platform, the equipment time is provided by the built-in clock of the main control MCU.
6. A photovoltaic dc fault arc protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the communication module is set to be a 4G communication module, the 4G communication module is set to be an ML302 module, the ML302 module is connected with a master control MCU, the ML302 module supports a TD-LTE/FDD-LTE communication system, the ML302 module comprises an ML302 chip, and an LCC+LGA package is adopted in a packaging mode of the ML302 chip.
7. The photovoltaic dc fault arc protector of claim 6 wherein: the main control MCU configures an ML302 module through an AT command, the ML302 module is electrically connected with a cloud MQTT server in an MQTT client mode, and the ML302 module supports Windows, linux and Android drives.
8. A photovoltaic dc fault arc protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply module comprises a switch power supply module, the switch power supply module comprises a BM1084 chip, two ends of the BM1084 chip are respectively connected with a capacitor C16 and a capacitor C17, one end of the capacitor C16 is connected with an alternating current polar capacitor EC3, one end of the capacitor C17 is connected with an alternating current polar capacitor EC5, and the capacitance values of the alternating current polar capacitor EC3 and the alternating current polar capacitor EC5 are set differently.
9. A photovoltaic dc fault arc protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the transformer is connected with a transient suppression diode TVS1, one end of the transient suppression diode TVS1 is connected with a capacitor C2, one end of the ceramic filter is connected with a triode Q3, and one end of the triode is connected with an inductor L2.
10. A photovoltaic dc fault arc protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the display module comprises an operation indicator lamp and an alarm indicator lamp, the alarm module comprises a buzzer, and the buzzer, the operation indicator lamp and the alarm indicator lamp are electrically connected with the tripping module.
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| CN202310215129.3A CN116094460A (en) | 2023-02-28 | 2023-02-28 | Photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector |
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| CN202310215129.3A CN116094460A (en) | 2023-02-28 | 2023-02-28 | Photovoltaic direct current fault arc protector |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117013699A (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-11-07 | 珠海欧力配网自动化股份有限公司 | Intelligent air switch based on fire-fighting power fire monitoring |
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Application publication date: 20230509 |