CN116083785A - Wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000592 Ferroniobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 carburant Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000036280 sedation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000922 High-strength low-alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000227425 Pieris rapae crucivora Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting, and discloses wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following steps: charging, namely extracting scrap steel, carburant, ferrochromium, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferroniobium, copper and ferrovanadium according to a quantitative proportion for proportioning, and charging the proportioning into a metal furnace; melting, namely adjusting the power of the metal furnace to the maximum to melt, wherein the melting temperature is preferably 1450 ℃; deoxidizing, and heating to 1480 deg.C after the metal furnace burden is completely meltedThen sequentially adding an oxidant for deoxidization; pouring, and discharging when the temperature reaches 1480 ℃. According to the invention, ferrocolumbium with different contents is added into four groups of embodiments, and under the mixing and combination of ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferromolybdenum, the volume fraction of the prepared high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant hard phase carbide reaches 58-60%, and the impact heat resistance reaches 5.6-5.9J/cm 2 The wear-resistant material has good wear resistance, and can be well applied to the preparation of various pumping equipment and worn workpieces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting, in particular to wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-chromium cast iron is an abrasion-resistant material with excellent performance and is particularly valued, the abrasion-resistant material has higher abrasion resistance than alloy steel and higher toughness and strength than common white cast iron, and meanwhile, the high-chromium cast iron has good high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, is convenient to produce and moderate in cost, is one of the most excellent abrasion-resistant materials of the current generation, and is widely applied to the production and application of various pumping equipment and abrasion workpieces, and the fields of gold, mines, building materials, electric power, chemical industry and the like.
In order to improve the wear resistance of the high-chromium cast iron, the high-chromium cast iron with various component proportions is applied, for example, the prior patent technology shows that: the Chinese patent net discloses a high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant material and a heat treatment method (bulletin No. CN 104195420), which is prepared by taking iron as a main raw material, and taking carbon, silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, chromium, molybdenum, nickel and copper as auxiliary raw materials, and smelting and casting after preparation, and is characterized in that the molten liquid comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 2.9-3.1% of C, 0.5-0.8% of Si, 0.8-1.0% of Mn, 0.02-0.05% of S, 0.02-0.05% of P, 19-21% of Cr, 1.7-1.9% of Mo, 0.5-0.7% of Ni, 0.2-0.5% of Cu and the balance of Fe, the invention improves the performance and the use effect of the high-chromium cast iron, thereby increasing the yield in the fields of metallurgy, mines, building materials, coal mines and the like, prolonging the service cycle of equipment and greatly improving the production efficiency;
also, as disclosed in the chinese patent net, a high-chromium cast iron mold and a preparation method thereof (bulletin number CN 104164612) are disclosed, wherein the components and mass percentages thereof are as follows: c: 2.4-2.5%, cr: 13-13.5%, mn: 0.8-0.9%, si: 1.05-1.1%, cu: 0.4-0.5%, ni: 0.5-0.6%, B: 0.03-0.04%, re: 0.02-0.03%, S: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.04 percent and the balance of Fe, the high-chromium cast iron die has uniform structure, and the mechanical property and the hardness of the die are effectively improved by reasonable formulation design and reasonable processing technologies such as smelting, casting, heat treatment and the like, so that shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity are avoided: 63-65 HRC, good wear resistance, good toughness, impact value not less than 8J/cm < 2 >, 1.5-2 times longer service life, low cost,
for example, the Chinese patent net discloses a high-chromium cast iron casting (bulletin No. CN 104131219) which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 3.05-3.1%, mn: 0.76-0.8%, si: 0.6-0.7%, cr: 10.6-11%, B: 1.2-1.4%, cu: 0.08-0.1%, V: 1.2-1.4%, ni: 0.06-0.08%, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.02 percent and the balance of Fe, the invention improves the strength, toughness and wear resistance of the casting through reasonable smelting, casting, heat treatment and other processing technologies by reasonably improving the proportion of each component of the high-chromium cast iron casting, prevents shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity from being generated through controlling casting time and sand mold temperature, and also improves the toughness and wear resistance of the casting, and the tensile strength is 480 to 50OMPa.
However, the preparation proportion of the high-chromium cast iron in the patent technology is that the weight content of Ni is not higher than 1% especially for the content of ferroniobium, the ferroniobium is mainly used for smelting high-temperature alloy, stainless steel and high-strength low-alloy steel, the content of ferroniobium in the stainless steel and heat-resistant steel is more and less, stable niobium carbide is generated with carbon in the steel, the niobium is uniformly distributed at the grain boundary of the steel, the growth of the steel grain at high temperature is prevented, the refining effect on the structure of the steel can be improved, the strength, toughness and creep property of the steel can be improved, and the chemical affinity of the niobium and the carbon is far higher than that of chromium and carbon, so when the existence of the niobium exists in the stainless steel, the precipitation of chromium carbide at the grain boundary of the steel can be prevented, the corrosion resistance of the steel can be improved, and the content of the ferroniobium in the high-chromium cast iron is more and less, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the high-chromium cast iron are influenced, and the niobium content of the high-chromium cast iron in the prior patent technology is one of important factors for restricting the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and hardness of the high-chromium cast iron. Accordingly, a person skilled in the art provides a wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems set forth in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron is characterized by comprising the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.8-3.0%, cr=25-27%, si=0.6-0.8%, mn=0.6-0.8%, mo=0.4-0.6%, ni= O.8-2.5%, cu=0.8-1.0%, v=0.6-0.8%, and the balance Fe.
As still further aspects of the invention: the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.8%, cr=25%, si=0.6%, mn=0.6%, mo=0.4%, ni= O.8%, cu=0.8%, v=0.6% and the balance Fe.
As still further aspects of the invention: the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.85%, cr=25.5%, si=0.65%, mn=0.65%, mo=0.45%, ni=1.5%, cu=0.85%, v=0.65%, the remainder being Fe.
As still further aspects of the invention: the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.9%, cr=26%, si=0.7%, mn=07%, mo=0.5%, ni=2%, cu=0.9%, v=0.7%, the balance being Fe.
As still further aspects of the invention: the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=3.0%, cr=27%, si=0.8%, mn=0.8%, mo=0.6%, ni=2.5%, cu=1.0%, v=0.8%, the remainder being Fe.
A preparation method of wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following steps:
s1, charging, namely, extracting scrap steel, carburant, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferroniobium, copper and ferrovanadium according to a quantitative ratio for proportioning, and charging the proportioning into a metal furnace, wherein the charging mode is as follows: firstly, refractory iron alloys such as gray pig iron, ferromolybdenum and the like are filled into a furnace bottom, and then scrap steel and the like are filled according to the principle of tightening and loosening (facilitating material collapse), wherein the filling sequence is as follows: a small amount of ferrochrome and ferromolybdenum, a furnace return material, pig iron, scrap steel and a large amount of ferrochrome;
s2, melting, namely, adjusting the power of the metal furnace to the maximum value for melting, wherein the melting temperature is preferably 1450 ℃;
s3, deoxidizing, namely after the metal furnace burden is completely melted and heated to 1480 ℃, sequentially adding an oxidant consisting of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum in a quantitative ratio for deoxidizing;
s4, pouring, namely melting in a metal furnace, discharging when the temperature reaches 1480 ℃, and keeping molten iron in the ladle for a period of time for sedation, wherein the pouring can be carried out between 1380 and 1410 ℃ according to the different sizes of the workpieces.
As still further aspects of the invention: the metal furnace is a medium frequency induction furnace, the internal furnace lining of the metal furnace can be an acidic or alkaline furnace lining, and the proportioning, knotting, drying and sintering of the furnace lining are all carried out according to the conventional process.
As still further aspects of the invention: the cast casting comprises the procedures of annealing, quenching and tempering, wherein,
annealing, heating to 950 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, stopping the furnace, cooling to 400 ℃ along with the furnace, opening the furnace door, continuously slowly cooling to below 300 ℃, discharging, and air cooling to room temperature;
quenching, namely charging the machined casting into a furnace at room temperature, slowly (80-100 ℃/h) heating to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, heating the furnace to the quenching temperature of 950-980 ℃ at a heating rate of not more than 150 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2-4 h;
tempering, namely tempering the quenched casting at 230-260 ℃, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps of: and (3) charging at room temperature, heating to 230-260 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4 hours, and then discharging and air cooling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adds ferroniobium with different contents into four groups of examplesUnder the mixing and combination of the high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant hard phase carbide and ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferromolybdenum, the volume fraction of the prepared high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant hard phase carbide reaches 58 to 60 percent, and the impact resistance reaches 5.6 to 5.9J/cm 2 The wear-resistant material has good wear resistance, and can be well applied to the preparation of various pumping equipment and worn workpieces.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment of the invention, the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.8-3.0%, cr=25-27%, si=0.6-0.8%, mn=0.6-0.8%, mo=0.4-0.6%, ni= O.8-2.5%, cu=0.8-1.0%, v=0.6-0.8%, and the balance Fe.
The wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.8%, cr=25%, si=0.6%, mn=0.6%, mo=0.4%, ni= O.8%, cu=0.8%, v=0.6% and the balance Fe.
The wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.85%, cr=25.5%, si=0.65%, mn=0.65%, mo=0.45%, ni=1.5%, cu=0.85%, v=0.65%, the remainder being Fe.
The wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.9%, cr=26%, si=0.7%, mn=07%, mo=0.5%, ni=2%, cu=0.9%, v=0.7%, the balance being Fe.
The wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=3.0%, cr=27%, si=0.8%, mn=0.8%, mo=0.6%, ni=2.5%, cu=1.0%, v=0.8%, the remainder being Fe.
A preparation method of wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following steps:
s1, charging, namely, extracting scrap steel, carburant, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferroniobium, copper and ferrovanadium according to a quantitative ratio for proportioning, and charging the proportioning into a metal furnace, wherein the charging mode is as follows: firstly, refractory iron alloys such as gray pig iron, ferromolybdenum and the like are filled into a furnace bottom, and then scrap steel and the like are filled according to the principle of tightening and loosening (facilitating material collapse), wherein the filling sequence is as follows: a small amount of ferrochrome and ferromolybdenum, a furnace return material, pig iron, scrap steel and a large amount of ferrochrome;
s2, melting, namely, adjusting the power of the metal furnace to the maximum value for melting, wherein the melting temperature is preferably 1450 ℃;
s3, deoxidizing, namely after the metal furnace burden is completely melted and heated to 1480 ℃, sequentially adding an oxidant consisting of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum in a quantitative ratio for deoxidizing;
s4, pouring, namely melting in a metal furnace, discharging when the temperature reaches 1480 ℃, and keeping molten iron in the ladle for a period of time for sedation, wherein the pouring can be carried out between 1380 and 1410 ℃ according to the different sizes of the workpieces.
The metal furnace is a medium frequency induction furnace, the internal furnace lining of which can be an acidic or alkaline furnace lining, and the proportioning, knotting, drying and sintering of the furnace lining are all carried out according to the conventional process.
The cast casting comprises annealing, quenching and tempering procedures, wherein,
annealing, heating to 950 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, stopping the furnace, cooling to 400 ℃ along with the furnace, opening the furnace door, continuously slowly cooling to below 300 ℃, discharging, and air cooling to room temperature;
quenching, namely charging the machined casting into a furnace at room temperature, slowly (80-100 ℃/h) heating to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, heating the furnace to the quenching temperature of 950-980 ℃ at a heating rate of not more than 150 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2-4 h;
tempering, namely tempering the quenched casting at 230-260 ℃, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps of: and (3) charging at room temperature, heating to 230-260 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4 hours, and then discharging and air cooling.
Example 1
In the embodiment of the invention, the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.8%, cr=25%, si=0.6%, mn=0.6%, mo=0.4%, ni= O.8%, cu=0.8%, v=0.6% and the balance Fe.
A preparation method of wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following steps:
s1, charging, namely, extracting scrap steel, carburant, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferroniobium, copper and ferrovanadium according to a quantitative ratio for proportioning, and charging the proportioning into a metal furnace, wherein the charging mode is as follows: firstly, refractory iron alloys such as gray pig iron, ferromolybdenum and the like are filled into a furnace bottom, and then scrap steel and the like are filled according to the principle of tightening and loosening (facilitating material collapse), wherein the filling sequence is as follows: a small amount of ferrochrome and ferromolybdenum, a furnace return material, pig iron, scrap steel and a large amount of ferrochrome;
s2, melting, namely, adjusting the power of the metal furnace to the maximum value for melting, wherein the melting temperature is preferably 1450 ℃;
s3, deoxidizing, namely after the metal furnace burden is completely melted and heated to 1480 ℃, sequentially adding an oxidant consisting of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum in a quantitative ratio for deoxidizing;
s4, pouring, namely melting in a metal furnace, discharging when the temperature reaches 1480 ℃, and keeping molten iron in the ladle for a period of time for sedation, wherein the pouring can be carried out between 1380 and 1410 ℃ according to the different sizes of the workpieces.
Example two
In the embodiment of the invention, the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.85%, cr=25.5%, si=0.65%, mn=0.65%, mo=0.45%, ni=1.5%, cu=0.85%, v=0.65%, the remainder being Fe.
A preparation method of wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following steps:
s1, charging, namely, extracting scrap steel, carburant, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferroniobium, copper and ferrovanadium according to a quantitative ratio for proportioning, and charging the proportioning into a metal furnace, wherein the charging mode is as follows: firstly, refractory iron alloys such as gray pig iron, ferromolybdenum and the like are filled into a furnace bottom, and then scrap steel and the like are filled according to the principle of tightening and loosening (facilitating material collapse), wherein the filling sequence is as follows: a small amount of ferrochrome and ferromolybdenum, a furnace return material, pig iron, scrap steel and a large amount of ferrochrome;
s2, melting, namely, adjusting the power of the metal furnace to the maximum value for melting, wherein the melting temperature is preferably 1450 ℃;
s3, deoxidizing, namely after the metal furnace burden is completely melted and heated to 1480 ℃, sequentially adding an oxidant consisting of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum in a quantitative ratio for deoxidizing;
s4, pouring, namely melting in a metal furnace, discharging when the temperature reaches 1480 ℃, and keeping molten iron in the ladle for a period of time for sedation, wherein the pouring can be carried out between 1380 and 1410 ℃ according to the different sizes of the workpieces.
Example III
In the embodiment of the invention, the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.9%, cr=26%, si=0.7%, mn=07%, mo=0.5%, ni=2%, cu=0.9%, v=0.7%, the balance being Fe.
A preparation method of wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following steps:
s1, charging, namely, extracting scrap steel, carburant, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferroniobium, copper and ferrovanadium according to a quantitative ratio for proportioning, and charging the proportioning into a metal furnace, wherein the charging mode is as follows: firstly, refractory iron alloys such as gray pig iron, ferromolybdenum and the like are filled into a furnace bottom, and then scrap steel and the like are filled according to the principle of tightening and loosening (facilitating material collapse), wherein the filling sequence is as follows: a small amount of ferrochrome and ferromolybdenum, a furnace return material, pig iron, scrap steel and a large amount of ferrochrome;
s2, melting, namely, adjusting the power of the metal furnace to the maximum value for melting, wherein the melting temperature is preferably 1450 ℃;
s3, deoxidizing, namely after the metal furnace burden is completely melted and heated to 1480 ℃, sequentially adding an oxidant consisting of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum in a quantitative ratio for deoxidizing;
s4, pouring, namely melting in a metal furnace, discharging when the temperature reaches 1480 ℃, and keeping molten iron in the ladle for a period of time for sedation, wherein the pouring can be carried out between 1380 and 1410 ℃ according to the different sizes of the workpieces.
Example IV
In the embodiment of the invention, the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=3.0%, cr=27%, si=0.8%, mn=0.8%, mo=0.6%, ni=2.5%, cu=1.0%, v=0.8%, the remainder being Fe.
A preparation method of wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following steps:
s1, charging, namely, extracting scrap steel, carburant, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferroniobium, copper and ferrovanadium according to a quantitative ratio for proportioning, and charging the proportioning into a metal furnace, wherein the charging mode is as follows: firstly, refractory iron alloys such as gray pig iron, ferromolybdenum and the like are filled into a furnace bottom, and then scrap steel and the like are filled according to the principle of tightening and loosening (facilitating material collapse), wherein the filling sequence is as follows: a small amount of ferrochrome and ferromolybdenum, a furnace return material, pig iron, scrap steel and a large amount of ferrochrome;
s2, melting, namely, adjusting the power of the metal furnace to the maximum value for melting, wherein the melting temperature is preferably 1450 ℃;
s3, deoxidizing, namely after the metal furnace burden is completely melted and heated to 1480 ℃, sequentially adding an oxidant consisting of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum in a quantitative ratio for deoxidizing;
s4, pouring, namely melting in a metal furnace, discharging when the temperature reaches 1480 ℃, and keeping molten iron in the ladle for a period of time for sedation, wherein the pouring can be carried out between 1380 and 1410 ℃ according to the different sizes of the workpieces.
Table 1 shows the hardness of the high chromium iron of examples 1-4 for each time period
Table II shows the mechanical properties of the high chromium iron of examples 1-4 in each time period
High chromium cast iron prepared by the above four groups of examplesHas high hardness and good toughness, and particularly after adding proper amount of ferrocolumbium, the volume fraction of the wear-resistant hard phase carbide reaches 58 to 60 percent, and the impact heat resistance reaches 5.6 to 5.9J/cm 2 The wear-resistant material has good wear resistance, and can be well applied to the preparation of various pumping equipment and worn workpieces.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron is characterized by comprising the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.8-3.0%, cr=25-27%, si=0.6-0.8%, mn=0.6-0.8%, mo=0.4-0.6%, ni= O.8-2.5%, cu=0.8-1.0%, v=0.6-0.8%, and the balance Fe.
2. The wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.8%, cr=25%, si=0.6%, mn=0.6%, mo=0.4%, ni= O.8%, cu=0.8%, v=0.6% and the balance Fe.
3. The wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.85%, cr=25.5%, si=0.65%, mn=0.65%, mo=0.45%, ni=1.5%, cu=0.85%, v=0.65%, the remainder being Fe.
4. The wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=2.9%, cr=26%, si=0.7%, mn=07%, mo=0.5%, ni=2%, cu=0.9%, v=0.7%, the balance being Fe.
5. The wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c=3.0%, cr=27%, si=0.8%, mn=0.8%, mo=0.6%, ni=2.5%, cu=1.0%, v=0.8%, the remainder being Fe.
6. The method for producing a wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, charging, namely, extracting scrap steel, carburant, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferroniobium, copper and ferrovanadium according to a quantitative ratio for proportioning, and charging the proportioning into a metal furnace, wherein the charging mode is as follows: firstly, refractory iron alloys such as gray pig iron, ferromolybdenum and the like are filled into a furnace bottom, and then scrap steel and the like are filled according to the principle of tightening and loosening (facilitating material collapse), wherein the filling sequence is as follows: a small amount of ferrochrome and ferromolybdenum, a furnace return material, pig iron, scrap steel and a large amount of ferrochrome;
s2, melting, namely, adjusting the power of the metal furnace to the maximum value for melting, wherein the melting temperature is preferably 1450 ℃;
s3, deoxidizing, namely after the metal furnace burden is completely melted and heated to 1480 ℃, sequentially adding an oxidant consisting of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum in a quantitative ratio for deoxidizing;
s4, pouring, namely melting in a metal furnace, discharging when the temperature reaches 1480 ℃, and keeping molten iron in the ladle for a period of time for sedation, wherein the pouring can be carried out between 1380 and 1410 ℃ according to the different sizes of the workpieces.
7. The method for preparing wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron according to claim 6, wherein the metal furnace is an intermediate frequency induction furnace, an inner furnace lining of the metal furnace is an acidic or alkaline furnace lining, and the proportioning, knotting, drying and sintering of the furnace lining are all carried out according to a conventional process.
8. The method for producing a wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron according to claim 6, wherein the cast iron comprises an annealing, quenching and tempering process, wherein,
annealing, heating to 950 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, stopping the furnace, cooling to 400 ℃ along with the furnace, opening the furnace door, continuously slowly cooling to below 300 ℃, discharging, and air cooling to room temperature;
quenching, namely charging the machined casting into a furnace at room temperature, slowly (80-100 ℃/h) heating to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, heating the furnace to the quenching temperature of 950-980 ℃ at a heating rate of not more than 150 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2-4 h;
tempering, namely tempering the quenched casting at 230-260 ℃, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps of: and (3) charging at room temperature, heating to 230-260 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4 hours, and then discharging and air cooling.
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