CN116080202A

CN116080202A - Sandwich structure composite material and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116080202A
Application number: CN202211282039.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴双全; 王新厚; 徐静静; 蒋金华; 王晓敏; 观珊珊; 龚旭东
Original assignee: Kuangda Automotive Accessories System Co ltd; Donghua University
Current assignee: Kuangda Automotive Accessories System Co ltd; Donghua University
Priority date: 2022-10-19
Filing date: 2022-10-19
Publication date: 2023-05-09
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-19
Also published as: CN116080202B

Abstract

The invention discloses a sandwich structure composite material and a preparation method thereof, which adopt a fabric-composite material-fabric sandwich structure and can replace a ceiling complex of an automobile. The middle layer is a chloroprene rubber adhesive layer, and the formula is as follows: langsheng B210, protective wax Antilux111, magnesium oxide, stearic acid, an antioxidant OCTAM, phenol-formaldehyde resin MK95, white carbon black, carbon black N774, aromatic hydrocarbon oil, DOS, ETU-80, TMTD-80 and RA-65 of zinc oxide, wherein an upper layer and a lower layer are fabrics, one layer of fabrics is exposed outside, and the fabrics are polyester filament woven fabrics, have the characteristics of sun resistance, heat resistance, cutting resistance and the like, and adopt a stock solution coloring technology and have strong color fastness. The other layer of fabric is in the car, and is a short fiber woven fabric, and has the characteristics of softness and good hand feeling.

Description

Sandwich structure composite material and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile ceiling materials, and particularly relates to a sandwich structure composite material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the continuous improvement of life quality, the automobile functions are not only tools for riding instead of walking, and consumers gradually treat the automobile as a safe, tidal-current-compliant and multifunctional second house. As a house, automobiles are required to be safe, attractive and comfortable, and have certain functions and environmental protection performance. The automobile roof occupies a large area in the automobile, and meets the requirements of high performance and green environmental protection. The roof on the market today is made of a material, usually a composite material, which is pressed by a hot-pressing process with a material plus sponge onto the body material of the roof of the car. The ceiling fabric made of the material has poor rebound resilience and no weather resistance. In addition, glue is used in production and processing, such as hot pressing, to generate smell. Such a ceiling complex has a complex process, expensive materials, single shape and poor plasticity.

Therefore, there is a need to develop a novel sandwich structure composite material.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at: a sandwich structure composite material and a preparation method thereof are provided, and the problems are solved.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a sandwich structured composite material comprising: the material formula of the chloroprene rubber bonding layer is as follows:

the other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a preparation method of a sandwich structure composite material comprises the following steps:

(1) Cleaning an internal mixer, setting the temperature and the rotating speed of the internal mixer, opening an upper top bolt of the internal mixer, adding raw rubber for primary internal mixing, adding filler, closing the upper top bolt for secondary internal mixing, and discharging rubber to obtain rubber compound;

(2) Cleaning an open mill, setting the roller temperature and roller speed of two rollers of the open mill, regulating the roller spacing of the two rollers for the first time, starting the open mill, placing the rubber compound between the two rollers, wrapping the rubber compound on the open mill, generating piled rubber between the two rollers, uniformly adding small materials in an S-shaped mode, rubber tapping on the rubber compound by using a rubber tapping cutter, pre-dispersing the small materials uniformly, taking down the rubber compound, suspending the open mill, regulating the roller spacing of the two rollers of the open mill for the second time, placing the rubber compound, starting the open mill, and carrying out thin pass to obtain secondary rubber compound;

(3) Thirdly, adjusting the roll gap of two rolls of the open mill, setting an initial temperature, starting the open mill, carrying out secondary hot milling on the secondary rubber compound, placing the secondary rubber compound on the open mill for calendering, enabling the secondary rubber compound to be completely wrapped on one side of the roll, taking down one piece of calendered secondary rubber compound from the roll as a sizing material, and measuring the thickness of the sizing material by using a vernier caliper to obtain a chloroprene rubber binding material;

(4) Respectively stretching and straightening the first fabric and the second fabric, and attaching the first fabric, the second fabric and the chloroprene rubber adhesive material together through a calendaring roller to obtain a semi-finished product;

(5) And vulcanizing the semi-finished product by a sulfur-bulging process to obtain a finished product.

Further, in the step (1), the temperature of the internal mixer is 60 ℃, and the rotating speed is 60rpm/min.

Further, in the step (1), the raw rubber is Langsheng B210, the filler is protective wax Antilux111, magnesium oxide, stearic acid, an antioxidant OCTAM, phenol-formaldehyde resin MK95, white carbon black, carbon black N774, aromatic oil and DOS, and the filling ratio of the rubber compound in the internal mixer is 0.69.

Further, in the step (1), the time of the primary banburying is 3min, the total time of the two banburying is 8min30s, and the temperature of the glue discharging is more than 90 ℃ and less than 110 ℃.

Further, in step (2), the small materials are ETU-80, TMTD-80, zinc oxide and RA-65.

Further, in the step (2), the roll temperature of two rolls of the open mill is 30 ℃, the roll speed is 17rpm/min, and the roll gap of the two rolls is adjusted to be 1mm for the first time; the second time of adjusting the roll gap of the two rolls of the open mill to be 0.5mm; the rubber tapping is specifically as follows: cutting rubber 3 times at the left and right 3/4 positions of the rubber compound; the thin-pass is specifically as follows: the paper is thinned and passed 5 times in the mode of rolling and triangular packing.

Further, in the step (3), the roll gap of the two rolls of the open mill is adjusted to be 3mm for the third time, and the initial temperature is 60 ℃.

Further, in the step (3), specific process parameters of the calendaring are as follows: and using a 4-roll calender, wherein the low roll speed is 5-10m/min, the calendering temperature is less than 60 ℃, and the thickness of the sizing material is 0.9-1 mm.

Further, in the step (5), specific parameters of the sulfur-blowing process are as follows: the temperature is 110 ℃, the pressure is 0.2MPa, and the speed is 10m/min.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the ceiling prepared from the sandwich structure composite material has good rebound resilience, weather resistance and folding resistance;

2. the ceiling prepared from the sandwich structure composite material has no odor problem and meets the environmental protection requirement;

3. the neoprene adhesive disclosed by the invention can not break the fabric during adhesion; and a customizable design is given to the ceiling;

4. the sandwich structure composite material has good plasticity, is suitable for various shapes, has texture and hardness, and can insulate sound, heat, water and ageing.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following embodiments accompanied with examples are further described. The invention is not limited to the embodiments listed but includes any other known modification within the scope of the claims that follow.

First, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

Example 1

The embodiment forms a sandwich structure composite material according to the following structure:

the invention relates to a sandwich structure adopting fabric-composite material-fabric, which can replace a ceiling complex of an automobile. The middle layer is a neoprene adhesive layer, the upper layer and the lower layer are fabrics, one layer of fabric is exposed outside, the fabric is a polyester filament woven fabric, and the fabric has the characteristics of sun resistance, heat resistance, cutting resistance and the like, and adopts a stock solution coloring technology, so that the color fastness is strong. The other layer of fabric is in the car, and is a short fiber woven fabric, and has the characteristics of softness and good hand feeling. Referring to table 1, table 1 is a formulation table (parts by weight) of a neoprene adhesive layer:

TABLE 1

The neoprene adhesive layer adopts the raw material formula shown in table 1 to enable the ceiling to have plasticity, texture, hardness, sound insulation, heat insulation, water resistance, aging resistance, and key to have rebound resilience and folding resistance. And the rubber adhesive layer using the formula has extremely low odor and environmental protection. Compared with the existing ceiling complex, the cost advantage is obvious.

Example two

The sandwich structure composite material is prepared according to the following steps:

a. firstly, cleaning an internal mixer with car washing glue, and then wiping the whole internal mixing chamber with paper towel dipped with alcohol;

b. then the temperature of the internal mixer is set to 60 ℃ and the rotating speed is set to 60rpm/min;

c. opening the upper plug, adding raw rubber (Langsheng B210), banburying for 3 minutes, adding prepared filler (protective wax Antilux111, magnesium oxide, stearic acid, antioxidant OCTAM, phenol-formaldehyde resin MK95, white carbon black, carbon black N774, aromatic oil and DOS), and closing the upper plug;

d. cleaning the upper top bolt after banburying for 2 minutes, cleaning the upper top bolt and small materials around the upper top bolt into an internal mixer, and then closing the upper top bolt; stopping banburying after total banburying time reaches 8 minutes and 30 seconds, and opening a banburying chamber to discharge rubber (note that the rubber discharge temperature is required to exceed 90 ℃ and not exceed 110 ℃ for 8 minutes and 30 seconds in the whole banburying process, and excessive rubber discharge temperature can cause the mixed rubber to be stuck in a banburying chamber of banburying and can not be taken out from an internal mixer to influence the subsequent open mill process) so as to obtain a rubber compound;

e. firstly, cleaning an open mill with car washing glue, and then wiping two rollers of the whole open mill once by dipping alcohol with paper towels;

f. then the roller temperature of an open mill is set to be 30 ℃, the roller spacing is adjusted to be 1mm, and the roller speed is set to be 17rpm/min;

g. starting an open mill, putting the mixed rubber after banburying between two rollers, wrapping the rollers on the open mill by the rubber material, and generating piled rubber between the two rollers;

h. uniformly adding small materials (ETU-80, TMTD-80, zinc oxide and RA-65) in an S-shaped mode, and adding the small materials left under the roller into the sizing material after the small materials are added;

i. 3 times of tapping on the rubber material for 3/4 times respectively by using a tapping knife to ensure that the filler is pre-dispersed uniformly, taking down the rubber material, and suspending the open mill;

j. the roll gap of the open mill is adjusted to be 0.5mm, sizing materials are put on the open mill, and the open mill is started to be thinned and passed for 5 times in a rolling and triangular bag rolling mode;

k. finally, regulating the roll gap of the open mill to 1.5mm, exhausting the lower sheet (marking the rolling direction), and obtaining secondary rubber compound;

firstly, adjusting the roll gap of an open mill to 3mm, setting the initial temperature to 60 ℃, and starting the open mill to carry out secondary heat refining on the rubber compound;

m. placing the rubber compound on an open mill for rolling (rolling parameters: a 4-roll rolling mill, the low roll speed is 5-10m/min, the rolling temperature cannot exceed 60 ℃, the rubber sample strip can be smoothly stripped from the rolling mill after open milling, the thickness of the rubber compound is 0.9-1 mm), the rubber compound can be completely wrapped on one side of the roll, a piece of rolled rubber compound is taken off from the roll, the thickness of the rubber compound is measured by a vernier caliper, whether the thickness of the rubber compound meets the requirement (the thickness of the rubber compound is 0.9-1 mm) is detected, and the roll gap of the open mill is adjusted in time to finally obtain the chloroprene rubber adhesive;

respectively stretching and straightening two rolls of fabrics (the fabrics cannot shrink at 160 ℃ under high temperature resistance), and laminating the two fabrics and the chloroprene rubber adhesive through a calendaring roller, wherein the chloroprene rubber adhesive needs to be uniformly adhered between the two fabrics, so that the surface of a semi-finished product is flat and has no bulges or depressions;

and finally, vulcanizing the semi-finished product through a sulfur-bulging process (rubber vulcanization can easily flatten the patterns of the fabric, and the original patterns and textures of the fabric can be reserved by adopting the vulcanization process, so that the ceiling can be custom designed according to the requirements of customers and is not limited by the technical defects) to obtain the finished product. Specific parameters are as follows: 110, 0.2MPa, and 10m/min.

The specific formulation and the dosage of the process are shown in Table 2

TABLE 2

In the above process, attention is also paid to the following:

1. in the bonding process of the two fabrics and the chloroprene rubber adhesive, the roller speed is low, the cloth must have tension, and the calender cannot have the roller speed ratio. The calender roll temperature cannot be high which would otherwise cause the compound to adhere poorly from the calender roll to the adhesive fabric.

2. The formula is added with a plurality of tackifying components, such as phenol-formaldehyde resin MK95, white carbon black and RA-65, so that the adhesive can be well bonded under small pressure without damaging the original patterns of the fiber, and the adhesive belongs to a meta-alpha white tackifying system;

3. because the tackifying resin is added and can stick to the roller, the processing is unfavorable, the Langsheng B210 has good processing performance, and even if the tackifying resin is added, the tackifying resin can be well taken off from an open mill or an internal mixer;

4. the filling ratio refers to the ratio of the total volume of these formulation materials to the volume of the internal mixer.

5. If the mold pressing vulcanization is adopted, although the bonding is good, no pattern exists, the pattern of the drum sulfur is not destroyed, but the bonding strength is difficult to ensure, so on the basis of adopting the drum sulfur process, the formula of the invention is used, the drum sulfur has small pressure, high bonding strength and complete and undamaged pattern (the bonding strength is more than 60, the pattern on the fiber is not destroyed after the pressing, and the pattern is complete);

the sandwich structure composite material prepared by the formula and the process meets the performance indexes and the detection results shown in the following table 3:

TABLE 3 Table 3

Compared with other ceiling fabrics, the sandwich structure composite material has obvious advantages in breaking strength, tearing strength, peeling strength, waterproofness and stain resistance, and the specific advantages are shown in the following table 4:

TABLE 4 Table 4

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sandwich structured composite material comprising: the material formula of the chloroprene rubber bonding layer is as follows:

name of the name Parts by weight Langsheng B210 100 Protective wax Antilux111 2.5 Magnesium oxide 4 Stearic acid 0.5 Antioxidant OCTAM 3 Phenol-formaldehyde resin MK95 1.5 White carbon black 5 Carbon black N774 5 Aromatic oil 5 DOS 20 ETU-80 0.7 TMTD-80 1.3 Zinc oxide 6.3 RA-65 3.5

2. The preparation method of the sandwich structure composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

3. A method for preparing a sandwich structured composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the temperature of the internal mixer is 60 ℃ and the rotating speed is 60rpm/min.

4. A method for preparing a sandwich structured composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the raw rubber is Langsheng B210, the filler is protective wax Antilux111, magnesium oxide, stearic acid, an antioxidant OCTAM, phenol-formaldehyde resin MK95, white carbon black, carbon black N774, aromatic oil and DOS, and the filling ratio of the rubber compound in the internal mixer is 0.69.

5. A method for preparing a sandwich structured composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the time of one banburying is 3min, the total time of two banburying is 8min30s, and the temperature of glue discharging is more than 90 ℃ and less than 110 ℃.

6. A method for preparing a sandwich structured composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in step (2), the small materials are ETU-80, TMTD-80, zinc oxide and RA-65.

7. A method for preparing a sandwich structured composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (2), the roll temperature of two rolls of the open mill is 30 ℃, the roll speed is 17rpm/min, and the roll gap of the two rolls is adjusted to be 1mm for the first time; the second time of adjusting the roll gap of the two rolls of the open mill to be 0.5mm; the rubber tapping is specifically as follows: cutting rubber 3 times at the left and right 3/4 positions of the rubber compound; the thin-pass is specifically as follows: the paper is thinned and passed 5 times in the mode of rolling and triangular packing.

8. A method for preparing a sandwich structured composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (3), the roll gap of the two rolls of the open mill is adjusted to be 3mm for the third time, and the initial temperature is 60 ℃.

9. A method for preparing a sandwich structured composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (3), the specific technological parameters of the calendaring are as follows: and using a 4-roll calender, wherein the low roll speed is 5-10m/min, the calendering temperature is less than 60 ℃, and the thickness of the sizing material is 0.9-1 mm.

10. The method for preparing a sandwich structure composite material according to claim 2, wherein in the step (5), specific parameters of the sulfur-swelling process are as follows: the temperature is 110 ℃, the pressure is 0.2MPa, and the speed is 10m/min.