CN116087693B - LCC-HVDC power transmission line single-ended distance measurement method and system - Google Patents
LCC-HVDC power transmission line single-ended distance measurement method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116087693B CN116087693B CN202310389102.6A CN202310389102A CN116087693B CN 116087693 B CN116087693 B CN 116087693B CN 202310389102 A CN202310389102 A CN 202310389102A CN 116087693 B CN116087693 B CN 116087693B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-ended distance measurement method and a single-ended distance measurement system for an LCC-HVDC power transmission line, and belongs to the field of relay protection of power systems. The invention uses the single-end ranging principle, collects the fault voltage traveling wave signals through the station end signal collection device, uses generalized nonlinear transformation to carry out noise reduction and fault characteristic enhancement treatment on the fault voltage, does not need to carry out traditional wave head calibration, only needs to construct traveling wave matrixes and circulating right-shift matrixes through traveling wave vectors, calculates the products of the traveling wave matrixes and the circulating right-shift matrixes to obtain ranging vectors, and can finish fault ranging according to abrupt points and abrupt angles in vector row elements. Compared with the traditional single-end ranging, the direct-current power transmission line fault ranging method has the advantages of good robustness and higher reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single-ended distance measurement method and a single-ended distance measurement system for an LCC-HVDC power transmission line, and belongs to the field of relay protection of power systems.
Background
With the increasing lack of hydroelectric power generation on water resources and the exhaustion of traditional fossil energy, the proportion of new energy is increased under the background of realizing carbon neutralization, and long-distance power transmission is a necessary choice for power supply of eastern load centers in China, so that LCC-HVDC with thyristors as basic elements is widely applied. The high-voltage transmission line is a pulse of the power system, takes responsibility of transmitting electric energy, and is also the guarantee that the power system can safely and stably run. The high-voltage direct-current transmission system has the advantages of large transmission capacity, long transmission distance, simple power regulation, convenient power grid interconnection and the like, has important positions as a bridge of the transmission system, and compared with other transmission lines, the high-voltage direct-current transmission system has the characteristics of long transmission distance, topography of crossing areas, high complexity of climatic environments and the like, and has poor working conditions, so that the fault rate of the direct-current transmission line is always high, and the reliability of the direct-current transmission line in China is not high according to operation data. Through research and investigation, the main reasons of the faults of the direct current transmission line are flashover or grounding faults and the like caused by the reduction of the line insulation capability due to lightning stroke, pollution, branch dumping and the like. When the line fails, the line inspection difficulty of the failure is high, and the recovery time of the permanent failure is seriously influenced. In order to fundamentally improve the safety control level of the DC transmission line in the running period, a more advanced fault location means is required to be applied. Therefore, it is important to quickly, accurately and reliably locate faults.
At present, protection of a direct current transmission line mainly comprises single-ended traveling wave ranging, double-ended traveling wave ranging and the like, the single-ended traveling wave ranging only needs to be provided with a fault detection device at one end of the transmission line, double-end data communication and synchronous time setting equipment are not needed, fault ranging cost is saved, real-time performance of positioning is high, fault positioning accuracy is not affected by factors such as transition resistance and line asymmetry and the like, the influence of reliability of communication equipment and opposite-end equipment is avoided, however, the defect of single-ended ranging is obvious, the relation between the occurrence position of a fault and the total length of the line needs to be judged before calculation, the fault traveling wave head needs to be positioned, and if positioning is not standard, the accuracy of fault ranging can be affected. Therefore, the method improves the traditional single-ended traveling wave ranging, adds the idea of traveling wave circulation matrix algorithm, and can accurately calculate the fault distance by positioning the maximum mutation point of the energy vector, thereby greatly increasing the accuracy and reliability of the fault ranging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor ranging precision, dead zone in ranging and the like caused by influence of conditions in direct current transmission line fault ranging in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a single-ended distance measurement method and system for LCC-HVDC transmission lines utilizes a direct current transmission line station end signal acquisition device to acquire fault voltage traveling waves and completes direct current transmission line fault distance measurement based on a traveling wave distance measurement principle. By observing the fault voltage traveling wave track, when faults occur, the voltage traveling wave head emitted by the fault point passes through one time of fault distance when reaching the measuring end, and passes through three times of fault distance when reaching the second wave head, so that the fault voltage traveling wave track can be deduced: based on voltage travelling wave vectorThe resulting matrixAAnd cyclic matrixBWhen the vector isAFirst wave head and cyclic matrix of (a)BWhen the second wave head of the wave is overlapped, the cyclic matrixBIs 0.5 times the fault distance, by which the vector can be calibrated by means of the characteristicPMutation point->Corresponding mutation angle->To perform fault location.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step1: and collecting fault voltage traveling waves by using a station-end signal collecting device. The basis of the step is that in the direct current transmission line, electromagnetic coupling exists between the positive and negative lines which are parallel to each other, so that the direct current transmission line needs to be decoupled into a line mode component and a zero mode component which are independent of each other. The zero mode component is connected with the ground, and in actual operation, the zero mode component can run off and attenuate through the ground, so that the zero mode component is difficult to detect at the measurement end, and the zero mode component is easy to distort in transmission in the passband. In contrast, the transmission of the linear mode component is not distorted, and the propagation speed is stable, so that the positive and negative voltages are decoupled through a Kernel Bei Erjie coupling formula:
（1）
in the method, in the process of the invention,and->Original fault voltage traveling wave acquired by a station-side signal acquisition device>And->The line modulus and the zero modulus are obtained by carrying out Kernel conversion on the original fault voltage traveling wave.
Step2: amplifying the converted linear modulus and zero modulus voltage traveling wave signals, and marking the amplified linear modulus and zero modulus voltage traveling wave signals as vectorsVector->。
Step2.1: the voltage gradient distributed along the line is obtained by differential transformation. The method has the advantages that the characteristics of fault voltage waveforms can be amplified, analysis and calculation are easy, and the voltage gradient of the measuring end can be obtained by carrying out differential calculation on the converted line modulus and zero modulus fault voltage traveling wave：/> （2）
In the method, in the process of the invention,represents the voltage gradient, m represents the mth sampling point,/->Representing the value of the mth sample point of the voltage travelling wave.
Step2.2: noise reduction processing is carried out on fault voltage signals through generalized nonlinear transformation. The advantage of this step is that for voltage gradientsIntroducing generalized nonlinear transformation->By->Transformation vs. voltage gradient->Processing to obtain fault voltage traveling wave +.>Introduced nonlinear transformation->As an odd function ++>The transformation is as follows:
（3）
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the amplification factor, when->The fault voltage signal will be amplifiedThe fault voltage signal will be reduced, thus by changing +.>The value of (2) can reasonably adjust the amplitude increase multiple of the fault voltage signal and is changed by nonlinear conversion +>The polarity of the fault voltage signal is also well preserved as an odd function. The transformed voltage travelling wave is recorded as vector +.>Vector->。
Step3: based on travelling wave vectorConstructing a matrix->. Circular right shift matrixB. The advantage of performing this step is that it is performed by looping through the matrixBThe real fault distance is measured by moving step length, and the fault distance measurement can be completed without traditional traveling wave head calibration.
Step3.1: based on travelling wave vectorConstructing a matrix->：
（4）
Step3.2: based on travelling wave vectorConstructing a matrixBThe method comprises the following steps: vector +.>The column elements in the column are circularly shifted to the right, and the shifting factor is set asdkm, line length oflkm, the first to be movedkSub-units as cyclic right shift matricesBIs the first of (2)kLines in whichkIs a positive integer and->：
（5）
In the method, in the process of the invention,representing the fault amount at each sampling point in the transformed fault voltage traveling wave.
Step4: calculating a product matrixAnd calculate the sum of its row elements to obtain a vectorP. The advantage of performing this step is that, based on the attenuation characteristics of the fault voltage travelling wave, when the matrixAHead of a wave and cyclic matrixBWhen the second wave head of the wave is overlapped, the vector isPThe corresponding row element in (a) is the largest, and half of the corresponding distance of the abrupt point is the true fault distance.
Step4.1: calculating a product matrix：
（6）
Step4.2: based on the matrixCCalculating a matrixCThe sum of the elements of each row in the vectorP；
（7）
Step5: according to vectorsPMutation angleCompleting fault location;
step5.1: vector-basedPCalibrating the vectorPThe largest row element in (a) is marked as the largest mutation pointx. The basis for performing this step is that when the matrixAHead of a wave and cyclic matrixBWhen the second wave head of the wave is overlapped, the vector isPThe corresponding row element in the wave head is the largest, and the product value when other wave heads meet is smaller than the point based on the traveling wave attenuation principle.
Step5.2: defining the connection line between the mutation point and the coordinate zero point and the connection line between the mutation point and the coordinate zero pointxThe included angle of the axes is a sudden change angleAccording to the maximum mutation pointxMutation angle->Is used for determining the fault distance. The basis for performing this step is that the abrupt angles of the first and second wave heads of the fault signal are different.
If the angle of mutationThe fault distance isl-x/2；
If the angle of mutationThe fault distance isx/2；
An LCC-HVDC transmission line single-ended ranging system comprising:
the electric signal acquisition module is used for acquiring and storing data;
a numerical calculation module for calculating a matrixACyclic matrixBMatrixCVector quantityP；
Fault distance measuring module for passing vectorPAngle of mutationAnd (5) performing fault distance measurement, and outputting a distance measurement result after calculating the fault distance.
The electrical signal acquisition module comprises:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault voltage traveling waves;
the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the analog signal into a digital signal;
and the protection starting unit is used for judging whether the digital signal is larger than a set starting threshold value, and if so, reading the starting time and storing fault voltage traveling wave data.
The numerical calculation module includes:
the line-mode conversion unit is used for calculating the line-mode component of the fault voltage traveling wave of the measuring end;
a parameter setting unit for setting a movement factordLength of DC transmission linel；
A numerical value calculation unit for calculating a matrixACyclic matrixBMatrixCVector quantityP。
The fault location module includes:
a distance measuring unit for measuring a vectorPThe distance corresponding to the maximum mutation point;
a polarity judging unit for judging the vectorPMaximum mutation point in (2)xCorresponding abrupt anglePositive and negative of (a).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention aims at the LCC-HVDC direct current transmission line to carry out fault location, the principle is single-ended traveling wave location, the traveling wave head is not required to be calibrated, only the fault voltage traveling wave data is required to be collected, and the overlarge fault location error caused by inaccurate calibration of the traveling wave head is avoided.
2. According to the invention, manual line inspection is not needed, so that the operation cost is greatly saved, and the fault location efficiency is improved.
3. Compared with the traditional fault analysis method, the method has higher precision and accuracy.
4. The ranging accuracy of the invention is not interfered by signals, noise and channels, and has better robustness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simulated topology of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of traveling wave signal propagation from a line fault point in Step1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a vector in embodiment 1 of the present inventionPMaximum mutation point response map in (a);
FIG. 4 is a vector in embodiment 2 of the present inventionPMaximum mutation point response map in (a);
FIG. 5 is a system block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a ranging flowchart of specific steps of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Example 1: a simulation model of a traditional double-end direct current transmission system is shown in fig. 1, the whole length of a line is 1500km, the voltage level is +/-800 kV, the fault distance is set at 200km from the rectifying side, the fault type is set as an anode grounding fault, the transition resistance is set as 0.01Ω, and the sampling rate is 1MHz.
A LCC-HVDC power transmission line single-end distance measurement method comprises the following specific steps:
step1: collecting fault voltage traveling waves by using a station end signal collecting device;
step2: noise reduction and fault characteristic enhancement processing are carried out on fault voltage traveling waves by utilizing generalized nonlinear transformation, and the processed voltage traveling waves are recorded asVector->；
Step2.1: decoupling the positive and negative electrode quantities of the collected original fault voltage traveling wave into linear modulus and zero modulus through the Karenebel transformation:
（1）
in the method, in the process of the invention,and->Original fault voltage traveling wave acquired by a station-side signal acquisition device>And->The line modulus and the zero modulus are obtained by carrying out Kernel conversion on the original fault voltage traveling wave.
Step2.2: differential calculation is carried out on the transformed line modulus and the zero modulus fault voltage traveling wave to obtain a measurement terminal voltage gradient：
（2）
In the method, in the process of the invention,represents a voltage gradient and is used to determine,mrepresents the firstmSampling points->Representing the first travelling wave of the voltagemThe values of the sampling points.
Step2.3: for voltage gradientsIntroducing generalized nonlinear transformation->By->Conversion to voltage gradientProcessing to obtain fault voltage traveling wave with enhanced fault characteristics>And in order not to change the voltage gradient +.>Polarity of (a) introduced nonlinear transformation->As an odd function ++>The transformation is as follows:
（3）
in the method, in the process of the invention,to amplify the coefficient, the amplification degree of the fault voltage traveling wave is equal to +.>Is related to the value of (a);
the converted voltage travelling wave is recorded as vectorVector->。
Step3: based on the traveling wave vectorConstructing a matrix->Circular right shift matrixB；
Step3.1: based on travelling wave vectorConstructing a matrix->：
（4）
Step3.2: based on travelling wave vectorConstructing a matrixBThe method comprises the following steps: vector +.>The column elements in the column are circularly shifted to the right, and the shifting factor is set asdkm, line length oflkm, the first to be movedkSub-units as cyclic right shift matricesBIs the first of (2)kLines in whichkIs a positive integer and->：
（5）
In the method, in the process of the invention,representing the fault amount at each sampling point in the transformed fault voltage traveling wave.
Step4: calculating a product matrixAnd calculate the sum of its row elements to obtain a vectorP；
Step4.1: calculating a product matrix：
（6）
Step4.2: based on the matrixCCalculating a matrixCThe sum of the elements of each row in the vectorP；
（7）
Step5: according to vectorsPMutation angleCompleting fault location;
step5.1: vector-basedPCalibrating the vectorPThe largest row element in (a) is marked as the largest mutation pointxThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In this example, the maximum mutation pointxThe corresponding distance is 400km, as shown in fig. 3.
Step5.2: defining the connection line between the mutation point and the coordinate zero point and the connection line between the mutation point and the coordinate zero pointxThe included angle of the axes is a sudden change angleMutation Angle according to the maximum mutation point +.>Is used for determining the fault distance. As can be seen from FIG. 3, in this example the mutation angle +.>：
（8）
Therefore, the fault distance is judged to be。
As shown in fig. 5, an LCC-HVDC power transmission line single-ended distance measurement system diagram includes:
the electric signal acquisition module is used for acquiring and storing data;
a numerical calculation module forComputing a matrixACyclic matrixBMatrixCVector quantityP；
Fault distance measuring module for passing vectorPAngle of mutationAnd (5) performing fault distance measurement, and outputting a distance measurement result after calculating the fault distance.
The electrical signal acquisition module comprises:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault voltage traveling waves;
the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the analog signal into a digital signal;
and the protection starting unit is used for judging whether the digital signal is larger than a set starting threshold value, and if so, reading the starting time and storing fault voltage traveling wave data.
The numerical calculation module comprises:
the line-mode conversion unit is used for calculating the line-mode component of the fault voltage traveling wave of the measuring end;
a parameter setting unit for setting a movement factordLength of DC transmission linelIn the present embodiment, the movement factord1km, and the length of the grounding electrode line is 1500km;
a numerical value calculation unit for calculating a matrixACyclic matrixBMatrixCVector quantityP。
The fault location module specifically includes:
a distance measuring unit for measuring a vectorPThe distance corresponding to the maximum mutation point in this embodiment is 400km, as shown in fig. 3;
a polarity judging unit for judging the vectorPMaximum mutation point in (2)xCorresponding abrupt angleIn the present embodiment, abrupt angle +.>Is negative.
Example 2: a simulation model of a traditional double-end direct current transmission system is shown in fig. 1, the whole length of a line is 1500km, the voltage level is +/-800 kV, the fault distance is set at 800km from the rectifying side, the fault type is set as an anode grounding fault, the transition resistance is set as 0.01Ω, and the sampling rate is 1MHz.
A LCC-HVDC power transmission line single-end distance measurement method comprises the following specific steps:
step1: collecting fault voltage traveling waves by using a station end signal collecting device;
step2: noise reduction and fault characteristic enhancement processing are carried out on fault voltage traveling waves by utilizing generalized nonlinear transformation, and the processed voltage traveling waves are recorded asVector->；
Step2.1: decoupling the positive and negative electrode quantities of the collected original fault voltage traveling wave into linear modulus and zero modulus through the Karenebel transformation:
（1）
in the method, in the process of the invention,and->Original fault voltage traveling wave acquired by a station-side signal acquisition device>And->The line modulus and the zero modulus are obtained by carrying out Kernel conversion on the original fault voltage traveling wave.
Step2.2: differential calculation is carried out on the transformed line modulus and the zero modulus fault voltage traveling wave to obtain a measurement terminal voltage gradient：
（2）
In the method, in the process of the invention,represents a voltage gradient and is used to determine,mrepresents the firstmSampling points->Representing the first travelling wave of the voltagemThe values of the sampling points.
Step2.3: for voltage gradientsIntroducing generalized nonlinear transformation->By->Conversion to voltage gradientProcessing to obtain fault voltage traveling wave with enhanced fault characteristics>And in order not to change the voltage gradient +.>Polarity of (a) introduced nonlinear transformation->As an odd function ++>The transformation is as follows:
（3）
in the method, in the process of the invention,to amplify the coefficient, the amplification degree of the fault voltage traveling wave is equal to +.>Is related to the value of (a);
step3: based on the traveling wave vectorConstructing a matrix->Circular right shift matrixB；
Step3.1: based on travelling wave vectorConstructing a matrix->：
（4）
Step3.2: based on travelling wave vectorConstructing a matrixBThe method comprises the following steps: vector +.>The column elements in the column are circularly shifted to the right, and the shifting factor is set asdkm, line length oflkm, the first to be movedkSub-units as cyclic right shift matricesBIs the first of (2)kLines in whichkIs a positive integer and->：
（5）
In the method, in the process of the invention,representing the fault amount at each sampling point in the transformed fault voltage traveling wave.
Step4: calculating a product matrixAnd calculate the sum of its row elements to obtain a vectorP；
Step4.1: calculating a product matrix：
（6）
Step4.2: based on the matrixCCalculating a matrixCThe sum of the elements of each row in the vectorP；
（7）
Step5: according to vectorsPMutation angleCompleting fault location;
step5.1: vector-basedPCalibrating the vectorPThe largest row element in (a) is marked as the largest mutation pointxThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In this example, the maximum mutation pointxThe corresponding distance is 1400km, as shown in fig. 4.
Step5.2: defining the connection line between the mutation point and the coordinate zero point and the connection line between the mutation point and the coordinate zero pointxThe included angle of the axes is a sudden change angleMutation Angle according to the maximum mutation point +.>Is used for determining the fault distance. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the mutation angle +.>：
（8）
Therefore, the fault distance is judged to be。
As shown in fig. 5, an LCC-HVDC power transmission line single-ended distance measurement system includes:
the electric signal acquisition module is used for acquiring and storing data;
a numerical calculation module for calculating a matrixACyclic matrixBMatrixCVector quantityP；
Fault distance measuring module for passing vectorPAngle of mutationAnd (5) performing fault distance measurement, and outputting a distance measurement result after calculating the fault distance.
The electrical signal acquisition module comprises:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault voltage traveling waves;
the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the analog signal into a digital signal;
and the protection starting unit is used for judging whether the digital signal is larger than a set starting threshold value, and if so, reading the starting time and storing fault voltage traveling wave data.
The numerical calculation module comprises:
the line-mode conversion unit is used for calculating the line-mode component of the fault voltage traveling wave of the measuring end;
a parameter setting unit for setting a movement factordLength of DC transmission linelIn the present embodimentIn (3), a movement factord1km, and the length of the grounding electrode line is 1500km;
a numerical value calculation unit for calculating a matrixACyclic matrixBMatrixCVector quantityP。
The fault location module specifically includes:
a distance measuring unit for measuring a vectorPThe distance corresponding to the maximum mutation point in this embodiment is 1400km, as shown in fig. 4;
a polarity judging unit for judging the vectorPMaximum mutation point in (2)xCorresponding abrupt angleIn the present embodiment, abrupt angle +.>Is positive.
Verification shows that the LCC-HVDC power transmission line single-ended distance measurement method and system provided by the invention are high in reliability.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A single-ended distance measurement method for LCC-HVDC power transmission lines is characterized in that:
step1: collecting fault voltage traveling waves by using a station end signal collecting device;
step2: noise reduction and fault characteristic enhancement processing are carried out on fault voltage traveling waves by utilizing generalized nonlinear transformation, and the processed voltage traveling waves are recorded asVector->；
Step3: based on the traveling wave vectorConstructing a matrix->Cycling the right shift matrix B;
step4: calculating a product matrixCalculating the sum of the row elements to obtain a vector P;
step5: according to vector P and abrupt angleCompleting fault location;
the Step2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step2.1: decoupling the positive and negative electrode quantities of the collected original fault voltage traveling wave into linear modulus and zero modulus through the Karenebel transformation:
（1）
in the method, in the process of the invention,and->Original fault voltage traveling wave acquired by a station-side signal acquisition device>And->The line modulus and the zero modulus are obtained by carrying out Kernel conversion on the original fault voltage traveling wave;
step2.2: differential calculation of the transformed line modulus and zero modulus fault voltage traveling waveObtaining the voltage gradient of the measuring terminal：
（2）
In the method, in the process of the invention,represents the voltage gradient, m represents the mth sampling point,/->A value representing an mth sampling point of the voltage traveling wave;
step2.3: for voltage gradientsIntroducing generalized nonlinear transformation->By->Conversion to voltage gradientProcessing to obtain fault voltage traveling wave +.>Introduced nonlinear transformation->As an odd function ++>The transformation is as follows:
（3）
in the method, in the process of the invention,to amplify the coefficient, the amplification degree of the fault voltage traveling wave is equal to +.>Is related to the value of (a);
the converted voltage travelling wave is recorded as vectorVector->；
The Step3 specifically comprises the following steps:
step3.1: based on travelling wave vectorConstructing a matrix->：
（4）
Step3.2: based on travelling wave vectorThe construction matrix B is: vector +.>The column elements in (a) are circularly shifted right, a shifting factor is set to be dkm, the line length is lkm, and the kth time of shifting is taken as the kth row of a circularly shifted right matrix B, wherein k is a positive integer and：
（5）
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the fault quantity of each sampling point in the transformed fault voltage traveling wave;
the Step5 specifically comprises the following steps:
step5.1: based on the vector P, marking out the largest row element in the vector P, and marking the row element as the largest mutation point x;
step5.2: defining the included angle between the line of the abrupt point and the coordinate zero point and the x axis as an abrupt angleMutation Angle according to the maximum mutation point +.>Determining a fault distance by positive and negative of (a);
if the angle of mutationThe fault distance is l-x/2;
if the angle of mutationThe fault distance is x/2.
2. The LCC-HVDC power transmission line single-ended distance measurement method according to claim 1, wherein Step4 is specifically:
step4.1: calculating a product matrix：
（6）
Step4.2: based on the matrix C, calculating the sum of elements of each row in the matrix C to obtain a vector P;
（7）。
3. a system employing the LCC-HVDC transmission line single-ended distance measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:
the electric signal acquisition module is used for acquiring and storing data;
the numerical calculation module is used for calculating a matrix A, a cyclic matrix B, a matrix C and a vector P;
the fault distance measurement module is used for measuring the fault distance of the object through the vector P and the abrupt angleAnd (5) performing fault distance measurement, and outputting a distance measurement result after calculating the fault distance.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the electrical signal acquisition module comprises:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault voltage traveling waves;
the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the analog signal into a digital signal;
and the protection starting unit is used for judging whether the digital signal is larger than a set starting threshold value, and if so, reading the starting time and storing fault voltage traveling wave data.
5. A system according to claim 3, wherein the numerical calculation module comprises:
the line-mode conversion unit is used for calculating the line-mode component of the fault voltage traveling wave of the measuring end;
the parameter setting unit is used for setting a moving factor d and the length l of the direct current transmission line;
the numerical calculation unit is used for calculating a matrix A, a cyclic matrix B, a matrix C and a vector P.
6. The system of claim 3, wherein the fault location module comprises:
the distance measuring unit is used for measuring the distance corresponding to the maximum mutation point in the vector P;
a polarity judging unit for judging the corresponding mutation angle of the maximum mutation point x in the vector PPositive and negative of (a).
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