CN1160537C

CN1160537C - Evaporator/condenser for heat pump

Info

Publication number: CN1160537C
Application number: CNB981036821A
Authority: CN
Inventors: �L��˹��; 特里·L·查普; C·詹姆斯·罗杰; ��ɭ; 威廉·马库森
Original assignee: Modine Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: Modine Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1997-01-24
Filing date: 1998-01-23
Publication date: 2004-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2018-01-23
Also published as: EP0855567A3; EP0855567B1; BR9800451A; TW373064B; DE69716867D1; CA2227823A1; AR015348A1; KR19980070750A; CN1191297A; MY120721A; JPH10206041A; ZA98227B; AU727595B2; US5826649A; ES2186847T3; AU5275898A; KR100533604B1; RU2200917C2; ATE227413T1; EP0855567A2

Abstract

Improved condensate drainage is achieved while compact size is retained in a condenser/evaporator for use in a heat pump system having first and second, curved, generally congruent tubular headers, with one of the headers being an upper header and the other of the headers being a lower header. A first row of elongated tube slots is located in the upper header while a second row of elongated tube slots is located in the lower header. Each tube slot in the first row has a corresponding tube slot in the second row and corresponding tube slots, in the rows are aligned with one another. Elongated, straight, flattened tubes extend between the headers, and a first port and a sencond port are provided for refrigerant in the two headers.

Description

The evaporator/condenser that heat pump is used

Technical field

The present invention relates to heat exchanger, more particularly, relate to a kind of can be as outdoor coil pipe used and as the heat exchanger of evaporimeter in the heat pump and condenser.

Background technology

Heat pump is used for heating and cooling just more and more.This type systematic can easily be used for not cruel cold weather, even is used for adopting the weather of some other stand-by heat system.As everyone knows, heat pump comprises an inner heat exchanger to be heated or to be cooled that is placed in interior of building, and an external heat exchanger that is placed in the building outside.Depend on that this system carries out cooling down operation or heating operation, one heat exchanger will another will be as condenser as evaporimeter, and vice versa.

In the occasion of the heat exchanger that is used for the building outside, when heat exchanger is used as evaporimeter, form condensate on the surface of heat exchanger usually.Must take preventive measures to guarantee that this kind condensate gets rid of rapidly from the heat-exchanger surface, otherwise, owing to need to come heat extraction rather than direct lip-deep surrounding air heat extraction to lower efficiency from heat exchanger itself by one deck condensate (sometimes being ice).

The latest developments of heat exchanger configuration have produced whole generation what is called " PARALLEL FLOW " type heat exchanger.In these heat exchangers, replace common header with the independent tank circuit, often use the header and the tank circuit assembly of tubulose.Or, also can use the header and the tank circuit assembly of sheet.A plurality of pipes (being generally flat tube) extend between the opposed header, and settle fin between adjacent pipe.

Though this kind heat exchanger demonstrates many improved features compared with the heat exchanger of prior art, when as evaporimeter, the eliminating of the condensate that forms on pipe and the fin is made us very being concerned about.

Secondly,, must make refrigerant carefully, particularly be used as evaporimeter and if when avoiding loss in efficiency when heat exchanger evenly distributedly by these paths because the refrigerant that uses in this type systematic will flow in the parallel path of some hydraulic pressure simultaneously.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is intended to overcome one or more in the problems referred to above.

Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of improved heat exchanger of novelty.More particularly, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of improved condenser/evaporator that is used for the novelty of heat pump.

The invention provides a kind of heat exchanger that is destined to small part as evaporimeter, comprising:

Go up header and tank circuit assembly for one, have the pipe otch of a plurality of downward perforates;

Lower header and tank circuit assembly are placed in and describedly go up the below of header and tank circuit assembly and be spaced from, and have a plurality of upwards pipe otch of perforates;

Pipe otch in described upward header and the tank circuit assembly and the corresponding pipe cut alignment in described lower header and the tank circuit assembly;

Extending a plurality of elongated pipes between described upper and lower header and tank circuit assembly vertically, packs on the described corresponding otch of upper and lower header and tank circuit assembly and is sealed on the upper and lower header in the two ends of these elongated pipes; It is characterized in that:

First gateway in described lower header and the tank circuit assembly is suitable for using for export during condensation operation as inlet during the evaporation operation;

Described second gateway of going up in header and the tank circuit assembly is settled along the described side direction of leaving described first gateway that goes up header and tank circuit assembly, and is suitable for using for export during evaporation operation at least;

A jumper pipe, the its internal flow path is significantly greater than the internal flow path of described elongated pipe, be placed between described first and second gateways, be connected on described lower header and the tank circuit assembly at a primary importance place that all separates with described two gateways, and a second place place that all separates with described two gateways be connected described on header and the tank circuit assembly;

The mechanism that comprises the first throttle spare of a baffle forms in described lower header and tank circuit assembly is used to prevent that fluid from flowing into described jumper pipe from described first gateway in described primary importance by described lower header and tank circuit assembly; And

The mechanism that comprises one second throttling element on described in header and the tank circuit assembly between described second gateway and the described second place is used to prevent that fluid from flowing into described second gateway by described upward header and tank circuit assembly from the described second place;

Thus, during evaporation operation, fluid to be evaporated will flow into described lower header and tank circuit assembly, also return described lower header and tank circuit assembly at described second place place by described jumper pipe by described upward header and tank circuit assembly then by some described elongated pipes, thereby flow to by other described elongated pipe from described lower header and tank circuit assembly and describedly to go up header and tank circuit assembly flows to described second gateway then, so that obtain the more even distribution of described fluid, improve the efficient of evaporation operation thus.

Description of drawings

Can know other purpose of the present invention and advantage from following explanation in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the exploded view of a kind of form of condenser/evaporator of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the vertical section figure of signal slightly of a kind of embodiment of remodeling of evaporator/condenser;

Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic elevational view of another embodiment of evaporator/condenser, and use therein valve is represented with the form of amplifying.

The specific embodiment

The example embodiment of illustration condenser/evaporator in the accompanying drawing.This type of condenser/evaporator is concurrent flow dynamic formula heat exchanger normally, though special consideration is repeatedly passed through.

With reference to Fig. 1, one first header and the total usefulness 10 of tank circuit assembly is represented and form with the pipe 12 that curves U-shaped.The lower header that total usefulness 14 is represented comprises an identical pipe 16 that also curves U-shaped with tank circuit assembly.Preferably,

pipe

12 and 16 geometry are basic identical and be aligned with each other, and make first header 10 be last header, and are positioned at vertically header 14 formation one lower header of below of header 10.

Last header 10 has an array of pipes otch 18, and otch is elongated, and its perforate is downwards in the face of lower header 14.Lower header 14 also has an array of pipes otch 20, and they also are elongated, and its perforate is upward to last header 10.Pipe otch 18 in the last header 10 is corresponding one by one with pipe otch 20 in the lower header 14, and

corresponding pipe otch

18 and 20 is aligned with each other.Elongated flat tube 22 has upper end 24, their pack into pipe otch 18 and sealings (for example by soldering) thereon.The opposite end 26 of flat tube 22 also pack into pipe otch 20 and sealing (for example by soldering) thereon.As a result, pipe 22 is on the geometry and be parallel to each other on the hydraulic directio.Preferably, Wan Qu fin 30 (only representing a fin among Fig. 1) be placed between the adjacent pipe 22 and soldering thereon.

One end of header 10 comprises a gateway 32.Its opposite end is added a cover, shown in 34.

Header 14 comprises a gateway 36 at one end.Cap 38 seals the other end with cap 34 the samely.

Have been found that if will introduce lower header 14 with the refrigerant to be evaporated of two-phase flow, efficient just can improve so when above-mentioned heat exchanger during as the evaporimeter in the heat-exchange system.Its effect is the distribution that improves refrigerant, impels and flows through each pipe 22 more equably.Like this, gateway 36 during the evaporation operation will as the inlet and will be during condensation operation with for export.Equally, gateway 32 is will be with will be as inlet for export and during condensation operation during the evaporation operation.

Under normal conditions, heat exchanger shown in Figure 1 will form in an independent plane with routine techniques.The bend 44 and 46 of bend 40 in the last header 10 and 42 in lower header 14 can be after various parts be soldered to the common United States Patent (USP) certificate of transferring the possession of 5 that is presented to people such as Hughes on August 30th, 194, disclosed bending apparatus forms in 341,870.People's such as Hughes whole disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.

This allows condenser/evaporator with any kind formation of being wanted shape, if desired, from the cube shaped of the substantial rectangular shown in Fig. 1 to virtually completely circular (not shown).Condenser/evaporator is the part of heat exchanger device, therefore, the profile housing of heat exchanger device can be done very compactly.

Even the more important thing is, with the header 10 of vertical elongated

flat pipe

22 and 14 configuration this compactedness can be obtained, simultaneously also because being vertically oriented of pipe 22 can be got rid of condensate admirably when condenser/evaporator is used as evaporimeter.Therefore, by using crooked last lower header uniquely, condensate can be got rid of admirably and the characteristics of the highly desirable compact conformation of maintenance simultaneously.

A kind of remodeling form of Fig. 2 illustration condenser/evaporator, the another kind of remodeling form of Fig. 3 illustration.Though this two width of cloth figure represents condenser/evaporator with plane form, can be expressly understood that the heat exchanger preferred embodiment of representing among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 has crooked header, the embodiment of image pattern 1 is the same.

This point be to remember when describing among Fig. 2 embodiment, identical parts and identical label used among the figure.

Illustrative embodiment is a kind of multipass embodiment among Fig. 2, the embodiment that particularly a kind of secondary passes through.For any given heat exchanger, repeatedly by increasing the speed of the refrigerant that flows with heat exchanger with geometry type disclosed herein.As is generally known pushing the speed to increase exchange rate.Therefore, repeatedly by making it possible to select best flow velocity to obtain optimum efficiency.In order to obtain multipass geometry, Fig. 2 embodiment comprises a kind of throttling element 50 of baffle forms.On the position of baffle plate 50 solderings in the pipe 16 that forms lower header.On the position in the pipe 12 of identical baffle plate 52 solderings header 10 on forming.

36 sides far away from the gateway at baffle plate 50 have a hole 60, lead to the inside of lower header 14.Similar hole 62 be arranged on the header 10 and be positioned at baffle plate 52 on the side far away of gateway 32.Connect a jumper pipe 64 between the

hole

60 and 62, the internal diameter approximately equal of the internal diameter of jumper pipe 64 and

pipe

12 and 16, and remarkable sectional area greater than flow paths in the pipe 22.Therefore be appreciated that the flow path by illustrative embodiment among Fig. 2 is: the part from hole 32 by baffle plate 52 left sides the last header 10 also extends to the part on baffle plate 50 left sides in the lower header 14 by flat elongated pipe 22; From this, flow path returns the part on baffle plate 52 the right in the header 10 by jumper pipe 64; Flow path continues to return lower header 14 by pipe 22 and arrives baffle plate 50 the right; From this, flow path extends to gateway 36.

Though when this kind heat exchanger this flow path when the condenser does not have special advantage, when this heat exchanger is used as evaporimeter in the heat pump, but produce significant advantage.

In the discussion of Fig. 1 embodiment, mention,, refrigerant to be evaporated is more evenly distributed, thereby efficient is improved if refrigerant is introduced lower header 14.Therefore, when heat exchanger was used as evaporimeter, gateway 36 can be again as the refrigerant inlet.Owing to use this gateway 36, will quite even in the distribution of the rear side refrigerant of baffle plate 50, and when refrigerant flows upward to header 10 by pipe 22, will the good evaporation efficiency of acquisition.In case accumulate in the there, some refrigerants that still are in liquid condition return lower header by jumper pipe 64, flow upward to the left side of baffle plate 50 then again by pipe 22.Again, because refrigerant will be more even so distribute, so the efficient of evaporation periods will be higher beginning it by heat exchanger for the second time by being introduced into lower header 14 before.Like this, the present invention shown in Figure 2 provides a kind of acquisition refrigerant equally distributed mechanism during evaporation operation, and this mechanism adopts multipass configuration, for the second time by utilizing jumper pipe 64 to make refrigerant return lower header before.Certainly, number of pass times can use additional jumper pipe more than twice if desired, and additional each time passes through with an additional jumper pipe.This guarantees, at every turn by all making the distribution of refrigerant more even in the lower header owing to refrigerant is placed in.

Fig. 3 illustration another embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment also has the advantage that refrigerant is more evenly distributed, and this advantage can be by obtaining in the lower header of refrigerant being introduced the heat exchanger of vertically arranging.Again, identical parts adopt identical label.In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, cap 38 is removed and adopts another gateway 70.Secondly, baffle plate 52 is removed and adopts a check valve 72, this valve to be installed in to form in the pipe 12 of going up header, is positioned at next-door neighbour hole 62 and in a side of its most close gateway 32.Can understand definitely, the check valve 72 shown in Fig. 3 amplifies.

The orientation of check valve is that carry out on the right side that the part be in valve 72 left sides from last header 10 of flowing is made progress in the header 10, and not all right conversely.

A similar check valve 74 is placed in the jumper pipe 64, near the tie point of jumper pipe 64 with lower header 14.Check valve 74 allows to flow downward in jumper pipe 64, but not all right conversely.

In Fig. 3 among the illustrative embodiment, gateway 32 only during evaporator operation with playing other effect for export and not.But gateway 36 is used for export during condensation operation continuing to serve as inlet during the evaporation operation.Additional gateway 70 only is used as inlet, and only works during condensation operation.Therefore, during evaporation operation, the embodiment of Fig. 3 will be by chance in the image pattern 2 illustrative embodiment equally work because check valve 74 will allow refrigerant to flow to lower header 14 from last header 10 by jumper pipe 64.Simultaneously, check valve 72 will prevent that fluid from directly flowing to the gateway of using this moment for export 32 from the right side of header 10.

On the other hand, when the embodiment of Fig. 3 is used as condenser, treats that the refrigerant of condensation is introduced by inlet 70, and will flow upward to the left side of header 10 by pipe 22.Fluid flows into the right side of going up header 10 by check valve 72 therefrom, then downwards by pipe 22, and the final gateway of now having used for export 36 that arrives.Jumper pipe 64 can not play bypass action because check valve 74 stop refrigerants jumper pipe 64 in on mobile.

Therefore be appreciated that the predetermined made in accordance with the present invention heat exchanger as condenser/evaporator in the heat pump has some advantages.One is that they can make quite little profile housing, makes its system and device volume compact of packing into.Simultaneously, being vertically oriented of pipe 22 guarantees can get rid of condensate well when they are used as evaporimeter.And, use the throttling element of jumper pipe 64 and

baffle plate

50,52 forms or check valve 72,74 forms that a kind of mechanism can be provided, make heat exchanger can repeatedly pass through fluid thus, thereby reach best flow velocity.Simultaneously, when heat exchanger is operated as evaporimeter, reach the even distribution of refrigerant, thereby improve evaporation periods efficient the biglyyest.This point reaches by unique loop of this equipment, and the latter guarantees that refrigerant is always each by introducing lower header during evaporation operation.

At last, self-evident, though being described as, the present invention can be used as evaporimeter and condenser interchangeably aspect heat exchanger, the present invention also can be used alone as evaporimeter effectively in heat exchanger.

Claims

1. one kind is destined to the heat exchanger that small part is used as evaporimeter, comprising:

2. the described heat exchanger of claim 1 is characterized in that, described second throttling element is a check valve.

3. the described heat exchanger of claim 2, in described jumper pipe, also comprise a check valve, this check valve is positioned to and allows fluid to flow to described primary importance from the described second place, but it is not all right conversely, also comprise one the 3rd gateway in lower header and the tank circuit assembly, be located at and the opposed side in first gateway, the 3rd gateway is suitable for during condensation operation as fluid intake, alternately to finish an evaporation operation and a condensation operation.

4. the described heat exchanger of claim 1 is characterized in that, described second throttling element is a baffle plate.

5. the described heat exchanger of claim 1 is characterized in that, described elongated pipe is straight and substantially the same mutually, and described header and tank circuit assembly are bending and substantially the same mutually.